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Shen C, Jin J, Huang Z, Meng M, Lin M, Hu X, Zhu Q, Xu C, Chen W, Lin J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liu X. Screening and Identification of Anti-Idiotypic Nanobody Capable of Broad-Spectrum Recognition of the Toxin Binding Region of Lepidopteran Cadherins and Mimicking Domain II of Cry2Aa Toxin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1582-1591. [PMID: 38221880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins as insecticides has brought about resistance problems. Anti-idiotypic nanobody approaches provide new strategies for resistance management and toxin evolution. In this study, the monoclonal antibody generated against the receptor binding region Domain II of Cry2Aa toxin was used as a target to screen materials with insecticidal activity. After four rounds of screening, anti-idiotypic nanobody 1C12 was obtained from the natural alpaca nanobody phage display library. To better analyze the activity of 1C12, soluble 1C12 was expressed by the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The results showed that 1C12 not only binds the midgut brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) of two lepidopteran species and cadherin CR9-CR11 of three lepidopteran species but also inhibits Cry2Aa toxins from binding to CR9-CR11. The insect bioassay showed that soluble 1C12 caused 25.65% and 23.61% larvae mortality of Helicoverpa armigera and Plutella xylostella, respectively. Although 1C12 has low insecticidal activity, soluble 1C12 possesses the ability to screen a broad-spectrum recognition of the toxin binding region of lepidopteran cadherins and can be used for the identification of the toxin binding region of other lepidopteran cadherins and the subsequent evolution of Cry2Aa toxin. The present study demonstrates a new strategy to screen for the production of novel insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiafeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ziyan Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Meng Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Life Sciences, Discipline of Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Manman Lin
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, Discipline of Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Chongxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Johnson Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Discipline of Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China
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Large genomic deletion linked to field-evolved resistance to Cry1F corn in fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) from Florida. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13580. [PMID: 35945334 PMCID: PMC9363433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a highly polyphagous lepidopteran pest of relevant food and fiber staple crops. In the Americas, transgenic corn and cotton producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have controlled and reduced the damage caused by S. frugiperda. However, cases of field-evolved S. frugiperda resistance to Bt corn producing the Cry1F insecticidal protein have been documented in North and South America. When characterized, field resistance to Cry1F is linked to insertions and mutations resulting in a modified or truncated ABC transporter subfamily C2 (SfABCC2) protein that serves as Cry1F receptor in susceptible S. frugiperda. In this work, we present detection of a large genomic deletion (~ 8 kb) affecting the SfABCC2 and an ABC transporter gene subfamily 3 –like gene (SfABCC3) as linked to resistance to Cry1F corn in a S. frugiperda strain from Florida (FL39). Monitoring for this genomic deletion using a discriminatory PCR reaction in field-collected S. frugiperda moths detected individuals carrying this allele in Florida, but not in surrounding states. This is the first report of a large genomic deletion being involved in resistance to a Bt insecticidal protein.
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Gutierrez-Moreno R, Mota-Sanchez D, Blanco CA, Chandrasena D, Difonzo C, Conner J, Head G, Berman K, Wise J. Susceptibility of Fall Armyworms ( Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.) from Mexico and Puerto Rico to Bt Proteins. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11120831. [PMID: 33255898 PMCID: PMC7760814 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Fall armyworms from Mexico are susceptible to four Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins, while those from Puerto Rico have field-evolved resistance to Cry1F and Cry1Ac and are susceptible to Cry2Ab2 and Cry1A.105. Implications for fall armyworm management are discussed. Abstract Fall armyworm is one of the main pests of conventional and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn in many countries in the Americas, Africa, Asia and in Australia. We conducted diet-overlay bioassays to determine the status of susceptibility to four Bt proteins (Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2, Cry1F and Cry1Ac) in three different populations of fall armyworm from Mexico, and one population from Puerto Rico. Bioassays showed that fall armyworms from Puerto Rico were resistant to Cry1F with a resistance ratio 50 (RR50) higher than 10,000 ng/cm2 and to Cry1Ac with a RR50 = 12.2 ng/cm2, displaying the highest median lethal concentration (LC50) values to all Bt proteins tested. The effective concentration 50 (EC50) values further confirmed the loss of susceptibility to Cry1F and Cry1Ac in this population. However, LC50 and EC50 results with Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 revealed that fall armyworm from Puerto Rico remained largely susceptible to these two proteins. The Mexican populations were highly susceptible to all the Bt proteins tested and displayed the lowest LC50 and EC50 values to all Bt proteins. Our results suggest that Cry1F and Cry1Ac resistance is stable in fall armyworm from Puerto Rico. However, this population remains susceptible to Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2. Results with Mexican fall armyworms suggest that possible deployment of Bt corn in Mexico will not be immediately challenged by Bt-resistant genes in those regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Gutierrez-Moreno
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (R.G.-M.); (C.D.); (J.W.)
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (R.G.-M.); (C.D.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-517-353-3435
| | - Carlos A. Blanco
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | | | - Christina Difonzo
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (R.G.-M.); (C.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jeffrey Conner
- Department of Plant Biology, W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA;
| | - Graham Head
- Bayer U.S.-Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA; (G.H.); (K.B.)
| | - Kristina Berman
- Bayer U.S.-Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA; (G.H.); (K.B.)
| | - John Wise
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (R.G.-M.); (C.D.); (J.W.)
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Li Y, Wang Z, Romeis J. Managing the Invasive Fall Armyworm through Biotech Crops: A Chinese Perspective. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:105-107. [PMID: 32713608 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In late 2018, the highly destructive and polyphagous fall armyworm was first detected in China. It is now a major economic threat to corn production. In this article, the main control strategies that are available are reviewed and prospects to manage this pest with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn in China are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jörg Romeis
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
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Gao M, Hu X, Zhang X, Zhong J, Lu L, Liu Y, Dong S, Wang Y, Liu X. Identification of a Cry1Fa binding site of cadherin in Plutella xylostella through fragment exchanging and molecular docking methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:62-69. [PMID: 31836394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Binding to the cadherin in target pests is the primary step in the action mechanism of Cry toxins, but little is known regarding the interaction of Cry1Fa with cadherin. Our previous study suggested that a Plutella xylostella cadherin fragment (PxCad-TBR) can bind to Cry1Fa, while its homologous fragment (HaCad-TBR) in Helicoverpa armigera cannot. In this study, we expressed two cadherin fragments that combine parts of PxCad-TBR and HaCad-TBR in Escherichia coli and tested their binding to the Cry1Fa. The results showed that the fragment containing amino acids T1202-A1341 of P. xylostella cadherin showed binding ability to Cry1Fa. Furthermore, two regions (V1219-E1233 and D1326-F1337) were predicted as hot spot regions that are involved in the interaction of Cry1Fa and PxCad-TBR with computer-aided molecular docking. We then constructed two PxCad-TBR mutations by fragment exchanging based on the molecular docking results and verified the mutations' binding abilities to the Cry1Fa. The results showed that the region that contains amino acids D1326-F1337 was one important binding site to Cry1Fa in P. xylostella cadherin. These results suggested that a combination of computer-aided molecular docking and fragment exchanging is an effective way to locate the key binding sites of Bt toxins in receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Gao
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lina Lu
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Sa Dong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Horticulture Dept, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Hao J, Li Y, Wang J, Xu C, Gao M, Chen W, Zhang X, Hu X, Liu Y, Liu X. Screening and activity identification of an anti-idiotype nanobody for Bt Cry1F toxin from the camelid naive antibody phage display library. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1691156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Nutrition Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing People’s Republic of China
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Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Da_7 and Cry1B.868 Protein Interactions with Novel Receptors Allow Control of Resistant Fall Armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00579-19. [PMID: 31175187 PMCID: PMC6677855 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00579-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins, Cry1Da_7 and Cry1B.868, with activity against fall armyworms (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), were evaluated for their potential to bind new insect receptors compared to proteins currently deployed as plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs) in row crops. Results from resistant insect bioassays, disabled insecticidal protein (DIP) bioassays, and cell-based assays using insect cells expressing individual receptors demonstrate that receptor utilizations of the newly modified Cry1Da_7 and Cry1B.868 proteins are distinct from each other and from those of commercially available Bt proteins such as Cry1F, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, and Vip3A. Accordingly, these two proteins target different insect proteins in FAW midgut cells and when pyramided together should provide durability in the field against this economically important pest.IMPORTANCE There is increased concern with the development of resistance to insecticidal proteins currently expressed in crop plants, especially against high-resistance-risk pests such as fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, a maize pest that already has developed resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins such as Cry1F. Lepidopteran-specific proteins that bind new insect receptors will be critical in managing current Cry1F-resistant FAW and delaying future resistance development. Results from resistant insect assays, disabled insecticidal protein (DIP) bioassays, and cell-based assays using insect cells expressing individual receptors demonstrate that target receptors of the Cry1Da_7 and Cry1B.868 proteins are different from each other and from those of commercially available Bt proteins such as Cry1F, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, and Vip3A. Therefore, pyramiding these two new proteins in maize will provide durable control of this economically important pest in production agriculture.
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Anderson JA, Ellsworth PC, Faria JC, Head GP, Owen MDK, Pilcher CD, Shelton AM, Meissle M. Genetically Engineered Crops: Importance of Diversified Integrated Pest Management for Agricultural Sustainability. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:24. [PMID: 30842944 PMCID: PMC6391707 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the global population continues to expand, utilizing an integrated approach to pest management will be critically important for food security, agricultural sustainability, and environmental protection. Genetically engineered (GE) crops that provide protection against insects and diseases, or tolerance to herbicides are important tools that complement a diversified integrated pest management (IPM) plan. However, despite the advantages that GE crops may bring for simplifying the approach and improving efficiency of pest and weed control, there are also challenges for successful implementation and sustainable use. This paper considers how several GE traits, including those that confer protection against insects by expression of proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), traits that confer tolerance to herbicides, and RNAi-based traits that confer resistance to viral pathogens, can be key elements of a diversified IPM plan for several different crops in both developed and developing countries. Additionally, we highlight the importance of community engagement and extension, strong partnership between industry, regulators and farmers, and education and training programs, for achieving long-term success. By leveraging the experiences gained with these GE crops, understanding the limitations of the technology, and considering the successes and failures of GE traits in IPM plans for different crops and regions, we can improve the sustainability and versatility of IPM plans that incorporate these and future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Anderson
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, Johnston, IA, United States
| | - Peter C Ellsworth
- Department of Entomology, Maricopa Agricultural Center, University of Arizona, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Josias C Faria
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Micheal D K Owen
- Agronomy Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Clinton D Pilcher
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, Johnston, IA, United States
| | - Anthony M Shelton
- Department of Entomology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station (NYSAES), Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States
| | - Michael Meissle
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ingber DA, Mason CE, Flexner L. Cry1 Bt Susceptibilities of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Host Strains. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:361-368. [PMID: 29240921 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous, multivoltine pest of commercial crops including corn (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium spp. L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and pasture grasses. Fall armyworm has become a growing concern in agricultural communities across the Americas as field populations in many locales have evolved resistance to several Cry1 toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt). An often overlooked aspect of fall armyworm biology is the existence of two host strains, the 'rice' and 'corn' strains. There has been little research devoted to the characterization of fall armyworm host strains, although there is evidence that the rice and corn-strains may differ in their tolerances to Bt toxins expressed by transgenic plants. In this study, diet-based bioassays were conducted to compare the susceptibilities of one rice-strain, two corn-strains, and one rice-corn hybrid population to Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, and Cry1F protein. Results indicate that the corn-strains and hybrid populations are more tolerant to the Bt toxins, especially to Cry1F, than the rice-strain population. Results from this study, when combined with existing techniques for host strain identification, may aid in the development of regional insect resistance management programs for fall armyworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Ingber
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Charles E Mason
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
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