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Vogelaar T, Agger AE, Reseland JE, Linke D, Jenssen H, Lund R. Crafting Stable Antibiotic Nanoparticles via Complex Coacervation of Colistin with Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4267-4280. [PMID: 38886154 PMCID: PMC11238337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
To combat the ever-growing increase of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, action must be taken in the development of antibiotic formulations. Colistin, an effective antibiotic, was found to be nephrotoxic and neurotoxic, consequently leading to a ban on its use in the 1980s. A decade later, colistin use was revived and nowadays used as a last-resort treatment against Gram-negative bacterial infections, although highly regulated. If cytotoxicity issues can be resolved, colistin could be an effective option to combat MDR bacteria. Herein, we investigate the complexation of colistin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) (PEO-b-PMAA) block copolymers to form complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) to ultimately improve colistin use in therapeutics while maintaining its effectiveness. We show that well-defined and stable micelles can be formed in which the cationic colistin and anionic PMAA form the core while PEO forms a protecting shell. The resulting C3Ms are in a kinetically arrested and stable state, yet they can be made reproducibly using an appropriate experimental protocol. By characterization through dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we found that the best C3M formulation, based on long-term stability and complexation efficiency, is at charge-matching conditions. This nanoparticle formulation was compared to noncomplexed colistin on its antimicrobial properties, enzymatic degradation, serum protein binding, and cytotoxicity. The studies indicate that the antimicrobial properties and cytotoxicity of the colistin-C3Ms were maintained while protein binding was limited, and enzymatic degradation decreased after complexation. Since colistin-C3Ms were found to have an equal effectivity but with increased cargo protection, such nanoparticles are promising components for the antibiotic formulation toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
D. Vogelaar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne E. Agger
- Department
of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E. Reseland
- Department
of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department
of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department
of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, University
of Oslo, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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2
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Maan AM, Graafsma CN, Hofman AH, Pelras T, de Vos WM, Kamperman M. Scalable Fabrication of Reversible Antifouling Block Copolymer Coatings via Adsorption Strategies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19682-19694. [PMID: 37016820 PMCID: PMC10119854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fouling remains a widespread challenge as its nonspecific and uncontrollable character limits the performance of materials and devices in numerous applications. Although many promising antifouling coatings have been developed to reduce or even prevent this undesirable adhesion process, most of them suffer from serious limitations, specifically in scalability. Whereas scalability can be particularly problematic for covalently bound antifouling polymer coatings, replacement by physisorbed systems remains complicated as it often results in less effective, low-density films. In this work, we introduce a two-step adsorption strategy to fabricate high-density block copolymer-based antifouling coatings on hydrophobic surfaces, which exhibit superior properties compared to one-step adsorbed coatings. The obtained hybrid coating manages to effectively suppress the attachment of both lysozyme and bovine serum albumin, which can be explained by its dense and homogeneous surface structure as well as the desired polymer conformation. In addition, the intrinsic reversibility of the adhered complex coacervate core micelles allows for the successful triggered release and regeneration of the hybrid coating, resulting in full recovery of its antifouling properties. The simplicity and reversibility make this a unique and promising antifouling strategy for large-scale underwater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M.
C. Maan
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal N. Graafsma
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton H. Hofman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Théophile Pelras
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebe M. de Vos
- Membrane
Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Es Sayed J, Brummer H, Stuart MCA, Sanson N, Perrin P, Kamperman M. Responsive Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Frozen Complex Coacervate Core Micelles. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:20-25. [PMID: 35574801 PMCID: PMC8772379 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Frozen complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) were developed as a class of particle stabilizers for Pickering emulsions. The C3Ms are composed of a core of electrostatically interacting weak polyelectrolytes, poly(acrylic acid) (pAA) and poly(dimethylaminopropylacrylamide) (pDMAPAA), surrounded by a corona of water-soluble and surface active poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNiPAM). Mixing parameters of the two polymer solutions, including pH, mixing method, charge ratio, and salinity of the medium, were carefully controlled, leading to monodisperse, colloidally stable C3Ms. A combination of dynamic light scattering and proton nuclear magnetic resonance experiments showed that the C3Ms gradually disassembled from a dynamically frozen core state in pure water into free polyelectrolyte chains above 0.8 M NaCl. Upon formulation of dodecane-in-water emulsions, the frozen C3Ms adsorb as particles at the droplet interfaces in striking contrast with most of the conventional micelles made of amphiphilic block copolymers which fall apart at the interface. Eventually, increasing the salt concentration of the system triggered disassembly of the C3Ms, which led to emulsion destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Es Sayed
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Brummer
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. A. Stuart
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Sanson
- Soft
Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI,
PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Perrin
- Soft
Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI,
PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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4
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Ielo I, Giacobello F, Castellano A, Sfameni S, Rando G, Plutino MR. Development of Antibacterial and Antifouling Innovative and Eco-Sustainable Sol-Gel Based Materials: From Marine Areas Protection to Healthcare Applications. Gels 2021; 8:26. [PMID: 35049561 PMCID: PMC8774406 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization of surfaces is the leading cause of deterioration and contaminations. Fouling and bacterial settlement led to damaged coatings, allowing microorganisms to fracture and reach the inner section. Therefore, effective treatment of surface damaged material is helpful to detach bio-settlement from the surface and prevent deterioration. Moreover, surface coatings can withdraw biofouling and bacterial colonization due to inherent biomaterial characteristics, such as superhydrophobicity, avoiding bacterial resistance. Fouling was a past problem, yet its untargeted toxicity led to critical environmental concerns, and its use became forbidden. As a response, research shifted focus approaching a biocompatible alternative such as exciting developments in antifouling and antibacterial solutions and assessing their antifouling and antibacterial performance and practical feasibility. This review introduces state-of-the-art antifouling and antibacterial materials and solutions for several applications. In particular, this paper focuses on antibacterial and antifouling agents for concrete and cultural heritage conservation, antifouling sol-gel-based coatings for filtration membrane technology, and marine protection and textile materials for biomedicine. In addition, this review discusses the innovative synthesis technologies of antibacterial and antifouling solutions and the consequent socio-economic implications. The synthesis and the related physico-chemical characteristics of each solution are discussed. In addition, several characterization techniques and different parameters that influence the surface finishing coatings deposition were also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Ielo
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN—CNR, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Fausta Giacobello
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN—CNR, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Angela Castellano
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN—CNR, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Sfameni
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN—CNR, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Rando
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Analytical Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN—CNR, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
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Cingil HE, Meertens NCH, Voets IK. Temporally Programmed Disassembly and Reassembly of C3Ms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802089. [PMID: 30095218 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Responsive materials, which can adapt and operate autonomously under dynamic conditions, are a stepping stone towards functional, life-like systems inspired by fueled self-assembly processes in nature. Complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) comprising oppositely charged macromolecules constitute a novel class of polymeric micelles ideally suited for use as responsive nanoscopic delivery vehicles of hydrophilic and hydrophobic cargo. To fully exploit their potential, it is important that the C3Ms form and fall apart in an autonomous fashion as orchestrated by dynamic cues in their environment. Herein a means to temporally program the self-regulated C3M coassembly pathway, using a modulated base-catalyzed feedback system, is presented. Incorporated in the C3Ms is a pH responsive polyfluorene-based conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPF) as a building block and trace amounts of a molecular sensor (doxorubicin HCl) as cargo, both of which report on micellar coassembly and disassembly via binding-induced fluorescence quenching. CPF additionally reports on the pH of its microenvironment as its pH-dependent conformational states are mirrored in the transitions of its vibronic bands. This experimental design enables one to monitor solution pH, C3M disassembly and reassembly, as well as cargo release and recapture noninvasively in a closed system with real time florescence experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande E Cingil
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Post Office Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Nicky C H Meertens
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Post Office Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Post Office Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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6
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Audus DJ, Gopez JD, Krogstad DV, Lynd NA, Kramer EJ, Hawker CJ, Fredrickson GH. Phase behavior of electrostatically complexed polyelectrolyte gels using an embedded fluctuation model. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:1214-25. [PMID: 25567551 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02299h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured, responsive hydrogels formed due to electrostatic interactions have promise for applications such as drug delivery and tissue mimics. These physically cross-linked hydrogels are composed of an aqueous solution of oppositely charged triblocks with charged end-blocks and neutral, hydrophilic mid-blocks. Due to their electrostatic interactions, the end-blocks microphase separate and form physical cross-links that are bridged by the mid-blocks. The structure of this system was determined using a new, efficient embedded fluctuation (EF) model in conjunction with self-consistent field theory. The calculations using the EF model were validated against unapproximated field-theoretic simulations with complex Langevin sampling and were found consistent with small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements on an experimental system. Using both the EF model and SAXS, phase diagrams were generated as a function of end-block fraction and polymer concentration. Several structures were observed including a body-centered cubic sphere phase, a hexagonally packed cylinder phase, and a lamellar phase. Finally, the EF model was used to explore how parameters that directly relate to polymer chemistry can be tuned to modify the resulting phase diagram, which is of practical interest for the development of new hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra J Audus
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
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7
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van der Kooij HM, Spruijt E, Voets IK, Fokkink R, Cohen Stuart MA, van der Gucht J. On the stability and morphology of complex coacervate core micelles: from spherical to wormlike micelles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14180-14191. [PMID: 22978707 DOI: 10.1021/la303211b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of the stability and morphology of complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) formed from poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(N-methyl-2-vinylpyridinium)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PM2VP-b-PEO). We use polarized and depolarized dynamic and static light scattering, combined with small-angle X-ray scattering, to investigate how the polymer chain length and salt concentration affect the stability, size, and shape of these micelles. We show that C3Ms are formed in aqueous solution below a critical salt concentration, which increases considerably with increasing PAA and PM2VP length and levels off for long chains. This trend is in good agreement with a mean-field model of polyelectrolyte complexation based on the Voorn-Overbeek theory. In addition, we find that salt induces morphological changes in C3Ms when the PAA homopolymer is sufficiently short: from spherical micelles with a diameter of several tens of nanometers at low salt concentration to wormlike micelles with a contour length of several hundreds of nanometers just before the critical salt concentration. By contrast, C3Ms of long PAA homopolymers remain spherical upon addition of salt and shrink slightly. A critical review of existing literature on other C3Ms reveals that the transition from spherical to wormlike micelles is probably a general phenomenon, which can be rationalized in terms of a classical packing parameter for amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne M van der Kooij
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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8
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Wu L, Jasinski J, Krishnan S. Carboxybetaine, sulfobetaine, and cationic block copolymer coatings: A comparison of the surface properties and antibiofouling behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Brzozowska AM, Keesman KJ, de Keizer A, Leermakers FAM. Formation and structure of ionomer complexes from grafted polyelectrolytes. Colloid Polym Sci 2011; 289:889-902. [PMID: 21765579 PMCID: PMC3102187 DOI: 10.1007/s00396-010-2368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Revised: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the structure and formation of Ionomer Complexes formed upon mixing a grafted block copolymer (poly(acrylic acid)-b-poly(acrylate methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)), PAA21-b-PAPEO14) with a linear polyelectrolyte (poly(N-methyl 2-vinyl pyridinium iodide), P2MVPI), called grafted block ionomer complexes (GBICs), and a chemically identical grafted copolymer (poly(acrylic acid)-co-poly(acrylate methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)), PAA28-co-PAPEO22) with a linear polyelectrolyte, called grafted ionomer complexes (GICs). Light scattering measurements show that GBICs are much bigger (~70–100 nm) and GICs are much smaller or comparable in size (6–22 nm) to regular complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms). The mechanism of GICs formation is different from the formation of regular C3Ms and GBICs, and their size depends on the length of the homopolyelectrolyte. The sizes of GBICs and GICs slightly decrease with temperature increasing from 20 to 65 °C. This effect is stronger for GBICs than for GICs, is reversible for GICs and GBIC-PAPEO14/P2MVPI228, and shows some hysteresis for GBIC-PAPEO14/P2MVPI43. Self-consistent field (SCF) calculations for assembly of a grafted block copolymer (having clearly separated charged and grafted blocks) with an oppositely charged linear polyelectrolyte of length comparable to the charged copolymer block predict formation of relatively small spherical micelles (~6 nm), with a composition close to complete charge neutralization. The formation of micellar assemblies is suppressed if charged and grafted monomers are evenly distributed along the backbone, i.e., in case of a grafted copolymer. The very large difference between the sizes found experimentally for GBICs and the sizes predicted from SCF calculations supports the view that there is some secondary association mechanism. A possible mechanism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M. Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Agora 1, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Karel J. Keesman
- Systems and Control Group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arie de Keizer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans A. M. Leermakers
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 Wageningen, the Netherlands
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10
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On the stability of the polymer brushes formed by adsorption of Ionomer Complexes on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 353:380-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Yu Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Zhao T, Chen H. The synergistic effects of stimuli-responsive polymers with nano- structured surfaces: wettability and protein adsorption. RSC Adv 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00201e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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12
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Chumbimuni-Torres KY, Coronado RE, Mfuh AM, Castro-Guerrero C, Silva MF, Negrete GR, Bizios R, Garcia CD. Adsorption of Proteins to Thin-Films of PDMS and Its Effect on the Adhesion of Human Endothelial Cells. RSC Adv 2011; 1:706-714. [PMID: 25068038 DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a simple and inexpensive procedure to produce thin-films of poly(dimethylsiloxane). Such films were characterized by a variety of techniques (ellipsometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscopy, and goniometry) and used to investigate the adsorption kinetics of three model proteins (fibrinogen, collagen type-I, and bovine serum albumin) under different conditions. The information collected from the protein adsorption studies was then used to investigate the adhesion of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. The results of these studies suggest that these films can be used to model the surface properties of microdevices fabricated with commercial PDMS. Moreover, the paper provides guidelines to efficiently attach cells in BioMEMS devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramon E Coronado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio
| | - Adelphe M Mfuh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio
| | | | - Maria Fernanda Silva
- School of Agronomic Sciences - IBAM-CONICET, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - Rena Bizios
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio
| | - Carlos D Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio
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13
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Brzozowska AM, de Keizer A, Detrembleur C, Cohen Stuart MA, Norde W. Grafted ionomer complexes and their effect on protein adsorption on silica and polysulfone surfaces. Colloid Polym Sci 2010; 288:1621-1632. [PMID: 21125002 PMCID: PMC2974926 DOI: 10.1007/s00396-010-2295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the formation and the stability of ionomer complexes from grafted copolymers (GICs) in solution and the influence of GIC coatings on the adsorption of the proteins β-lactoglobulin (β-lac), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and lysozyme (Lsz) on silica and polysulfone. The GICs consist of the grafted copolymer PAA28-co-PAPEO22 {poly(acrylic acid)-co-poly[acrylate methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)]} with negatively charged AA and neutral APEO groups, and the positively charged homopolymers: P2MVPI43 [poly(N-methyl 2-vinyl pyridinium iodide)] and PAH∙HCl160 [poly(allylamine hydrochloride)]. In solution, these aggregates are characterized by means of dynamic and static light scattering. They appear to be assemblies with hydrodynamic radii of 8 nm (GIC-PAPEO22/P2MVPI43) and 22 nm (GIC-PAPEO22/PAH∙HCl160), respectively. The GICs partly disintegrate in solution at salt concentrations above 10 mM NaCl. Adsorption of GICs and proteins has been studied with fixed angle optical reflectometry at salt concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 mM NaCl. Adsorption of GICs results in high density PEO side chains on the surface. Higher densities were obtained for GICs consisting of PAH∙HCl160 (1.6 ÷ 1.9 chains/nm2) than of P2MVPI43 (0.6 ÷ 1.5 chains/nm2). Both GIC coatings strongly suppress adsorption of all proteins on silica (>90%); however, reduction of protein adsorption on polysulfone depends on the composition of the coating and the type of protein. We observed a moderate reduction of β-lac and Lsz adsorption (>60%). Adsorption of BSA on the GIC-PAPEO22/P2MVPI43 coating is moderately reduced, but on the GIC-PAPEO22/PAH∙HCl160 coating it is enhanced.
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14
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Reduction of protein adsorption on silica and polysulfone surfaces coated with complex coacervate core micelles with poly(vinyl alcohol) as a neutral brush forming block. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Horgan AM, Moore JD, Noble JE, Worsley GJ. Polymer- and colloid-mediated bioassays, sensors and diagnostics. Trends Biotechnol 2010; 28:485-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Nejadnik MR, Garcia CD. Staining proteins: a simple method to increase the sensitivity of ellipsometric measurements in adsorption studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 82:253-7. [PMID: 20833003 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This communication describes a simple way to improve the sensitivity of spectroscopic ellipsometry, when applied to monitor the adsorption of proteins to solid surfaces. The method described herein is based on the reaction of a commercially available dye (Coomassie brilliant blue G) with the adsorbed proteins and the subsequent analysis by spectroscopic ellipsometry. In order to demonstrate the potential advantages of this method, the adsorption of bovine serum albumin to an antifouling coating was also investigated. According to our results, the modification with the dye significantly affects the optical properties of the adsorbed protein layer, which can be represented using a simple optical model (Lorentz). In general, the proposed modification increases the sensitivity of the detection by 2.5 ± 0.4-fold and enables the analysis of thin layers of adsorbed protein not obtainable by conventional methods. These results particularly reveal the importance of the proposed modification for the evaluation of low adsorbing substrates and antifouling coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Nejadnik
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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Brzozowska AM, de Keizer A, Norde W, Detrembleur C, Cohen Stuart MA. Grafted block complex coacervate core micelles and their effect on protein adsorption on silica and polystyrene. Colloid Polym Sci 2010; 288:1081-1095. [PMID: 20671774 PMCID: PMC2892645 DOI: 10.1007/s00396-010-2228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the formation and the stability of grafted block complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) in solution and the influence of grafted block C3M coatings on the adsorption of the proteins beta-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, and lysozyme. The C3Ms consist of a grafted block copolymer PAA(21)-b-PAPEO(14) (poly(acrylic acid)-b-poly(acrylate methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)), with a negatively charged PAA block and a neutral PAPEO block and a positively charged homopolymer P2MVPI (poly(N-methyl 2-vinyl pyridinium iodide). In solution, these C3Ms partly disintegrate at salt concentrations between 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Adsorption of C3Ms and proteins has been studied with fixed-angle optical reflectometry, at salt concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mM NaCl. In comparison with the adsorption of PAA(21)-b-PAPEO(14) alone adsorption of C3Ms significantly increases the amount of PAA(21)-b-PAPEO(14) on the surface. This results in a higher surface density of PEO chains. The stability of the C3M coatings and their influence on protein adsorption are determined by the composition and the stability of the C3Ms in solution. A C3M-PAPEO(14)/P2MVPI(43) coating strongly suppresses the adsorption of all proteins on silica and polystyrene. The reduction of protein adsorption is the highest at 100 mM NaCl (>90%). The adsorbed C3M-PAPEO(14)/P2MVPI(43) layer is partly removed from the surface upon exposure to an excess of beta-lactoglobulin solution, due to formation of soluble aggregates consisting of beta-lactoglobulin and P2MVPI(43). In contrast, C3M-PAPEO(14)/P2MVPI(228) which has a fivefold longer cationic block enhances adsorption of the negatively charged proteins on both surfaces at salt concentrations above 1 mM NaCl. A single PAA(21)-b-PAPEO(14) layer causes only a moderate reduction of protein adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M. Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Agora 1, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Arie de Keizer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Norde
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Macromolécules, Université de Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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