1
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Demulsification of asphaltene stabilized crude oil emulsions by biodegradable ethylcellulose polymers with varying viscosities. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1090. [PMID: 36658191 PMCID: PMC9852234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient demulsifiers for fast demulsification of asphaltene stabilized crude oil emulsions are currently in high demand. In this work, we evaluated the demulsification potential of ethyl cellulose (EC) demulsifiers with varying viscosities-4 cp, 22 cp, and 100 cp, designated as EC-4, EC-22, and EC-100. Demulsifcation efficiency (DE) of these demulsifiers to remove water from emulsions produced from distilled water, seawater, and different salts (NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2) solution were assessed using the bottle test technique at ambient and elevated temperatures (25 °C and 90 °C). The bottle test outcomes showed that EC-4 and EC-22 had better performance at the ambient conditions to demulsify the emulsions formed from distilled water with %DE of 85.71% and 28.57%, respectively, while EC-100 achieved 3.9% water removal owing to its high viscosity which inhibited its adsorption at the oil-water interface. At demulsification temperature (90 °C) under the emulsions from distilled water, the %DE of EC-4, EC-22, and EC-100 was 99.23%, 58.57%, and 42.85%, respectively. Seawater hastened the demulsification activities of these demulsifiers. Also, these demulsifiers demonstrated excellent demulsification in emulsions from various salts. The demulsification performance of the EC-4 demulsifier in the presence of any of these salts was approximately 98% while MgCl2 and CaCl2 accelerated the water/oil separation performance of EC-22 and EC-100 by promoting their diffusion and adsorption at the interface. Viscosity and shear stress measurements corroborated the results obtained from the bottle tests. Injection of EC demulsifiers led to a reduction in the viscosity and shear stress of the formed emulsion. Reduction in the shear stress and viscosity were highest in EC-4 and lowest in EC-100. Optical microscopic images of emulsion injected with EC-4 demulsifier were analyzed at various periods during viscosity measurements. Based on the optical images obtained at different durations, a demulsification mechanism describing the activity of the EC demulsifier was proposed.
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Ye F, Shen L, Liu S, Liu H, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Feng X, Tang Y, Xiang D, Mi Y, Yan X. Demulsification of amphiphilic gemini ionic liquids and its demulsification mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136650. [PMID: 36181854 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to prepare two new amphiphilic and interfacial active gemini ionic liquids to treat crude oil and investigates its demulsification mechanism. Tetraethylene glycol was pretreated with thionyl chloride and used as a linker to connect succinimide or phthalimide, and then reacted with dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid to obtain the corresponding amphiphilic and interfacial active gemini ionic liquid STA or PTA, respectively. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine the chemical structures. The demulsification tests showed the demulsification efficiency with 150 mg/L of STA or PTA at 60 °C for 30 min was 99.89% and 99.79%, respectively. Furthermore, the demulsification mechanism of STA and PTA were studied and the prominent demulsification ability of STA and PTA were attributed to the better interfacial activity and amphipathy which could destroy the asphaltenes interfacial film. These results showed that STA and PTA had excellent demulsification efficiency, which promised application in petroleum industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ye
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Liwei Shen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd., China National Petroleum Corporation, Chengdu, 610051, PR China
| | - Huanyu Liu
- The Shale Oil Development Department of Longdong Area, The 3rd Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Qingyang, 750000, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Xuening Feng
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Yuqi Tang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China.
| | - Xuemin Yan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 430023, China.
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Elsharaky E, El-Tabei AS, El-Tabey AE. The Influence of Newly Synthesized Demulsifiers on the Interfacial Rheological Properties of a Naturally Occurring Water/Oil Emulsion. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32471-32480. [PMID: 36119982 PMCID: PMC9476176 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to synthesize new polymeric nonionic demulsifiers (DA, DB, and DC) to break 50% of naturally occurring water/oil emulsions. The prepared demulsifiers were synthesized in only two stages utilizing simple techniques. 1H and 13CNMR, MS, and FTIR spectroscopies were performed to validate the chemical composition of the synthesized demulsifiers. The relative solubility number (RSN) and partition coefficient (K p) were determined for the three demulsifiers. The interfacial tension (IFT) and dehydration ratios of DA, DB, DC, and their triblock copolymers were investigated. Also, interfacial rheological properties for the three demulsifiers were measured. The findings demonstrate that DB possesses a higher RSN value than DA and DC owing to its hydrophilicity. DC exhibited the lowest IFT value compared to DA, DB, and their corresponding triblock copolymers. DB and DC are more effective in demulsifying than DA and triblock copolymers. DC achieved a 100% dehydration ratio at a low dosage of 75 ppm after 120 min. DC's remarkable performance can be attributed to its aromatic core, molecular weight, and high interfacial activity. According to the rheological data, a higher dehydrating ratio is attained when the demulsifier has a great capacity to lower the viscoelasticity of the W/O emulsion interface. The maximum decrease in G' and G″ values was attained by DC. The mechanism of DC's demulsifying interaction on a naturally occurring W/O emulsion was elucidated.
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Liu B, Chen B, Ling J, Matchinski EJ, Dong G, Ye X, Wu F, Shen W, Liu L, Lee K, Isaacman L, Potter S, Hynes B, Zhang B. Development of advanced oil/water separation technologies to enhance the effectiveness of mechanical oil recovery operations at sea: Potential and challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129340. [PMID: 35728323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical oil recovery (i.e., booming and skimming) is the most common tool for oil spill response. The recovered fluid generated from skimming processes may contain a considerable proportion of water (10 % ~ 70 %). As a result of regulatory prohibition on the discharge of contaminated waters at sea, vessels and/or storage barges must make frequent trips to shore for oil-water waste disposal. This practice can be time- consuming thus reduces the overall efficiency and capacity of oil recovery. One potential solution is on-site oil-water separation and disposal of water fraction at sea. However, currently available decanting processes may have limited oil/water separation capabilities, especially in the presence of oil-water emulsion, which is inevitable in mechanical oil recovery. The decanted water may not meet the discharge standards and cause severe ecotoxicological impacts. This paper therefore comprehensively reviews the principles and progress in oil/water separation, demulsification, and on-site treatment technologies, investigates their applicability on decanting at sea, and discusses the ecotoxicity of decanted water in the marine environment. The outputs provide the fundamental and practical knowledge on decanting and help enhance response effectiveness and consequently reducing the environmental impacts of oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada.
| | - Jingjing Ling
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Ethan James Matchinski
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Guihua Dong
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Xudong Ye
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Fei Wu
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Wanhua Shen
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Ecosystem Science, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - Lisa Isaacman
- Ecosystem Science, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - Stephen Potter
- SL Ross Environmental Research Ltd., Ottawa, ON K2H 8S9, Canada
| | - Brianna Hynes
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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Faisal W, Almomani F. A critical review of the development and demulsification processes applied for oil recovery from oil in water emulsions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133099. [PMID: 34848221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The formation of stable emulsions is a fundamental problem in oil industry that can result in a sequence of environmental and operational problems. Chemical demulsification is extensively applied for the recovery of oil from water as well as water from oil. This review introduces different chemical demulsifiers applied for the demulsification and recovery of oil from oil in water (O/W) emulsions. Main types of surfactants (anionic, cationic, nonionics and amphoteric) involved in the formation of emulsions and enhances their stability were discussed. Promising demulsifiers such as nanoparticle (NP), hyperbranched polymers, and ionic liquids (IL), which achieved high oil recovery rate, parameters influencing demulsification efficiency and demulsification mechanisms were explored. Lastly, improvements, challenges, and new changes being made to chemical demulsifiers were underlined. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and hyperbranched polymers were very effective in recovering oil from O/W emulsions with an efficiency >95%. Polymers with highly hydrophilic content and high molecular weight can achieve excellent oil recovery rates due to higher interfacial activity, higher dispersion, and presence of specific functional groups. Although ionic liquids could achieve oil recovery up to 90%, high cost limits their applications. NPs showed excellent oil recovery behavior at low concentrations and ambient temperature. Demulsification efficiency of NPs can be enhanced by functionalize with other components (e.g., polymers and surfactants), while service life can be extend by silica coating. Future challenges include scaling up the use of NPs in oil recovery process and highlighting contrasts between lab-scale and field-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamda Faisal
- College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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6
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Ye F, Zhang Z, Ao Y, Li B, Chen L, Shen L, Feng X, Yang Y, Yuan H, Mi Y. Demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsion driven by a carbonaceous demulsifier from natural rice husks. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132656. [PMID: 34710449 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Removing emulsified water from a water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsion is critically required prior to downstream processing in the petroleum industry. In this work, environmentally friendly and amphipathic rice husk carbon (RHC) demulsifier was prepared by a simple carbonization process in a muffle furnace using rice husks as starting materials. RHC was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential and synchronal thermal analyzer. The factors such as dosage, temperature, settling time, pH value and salinity were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the dehydration efficiency (DE) reached as high as 96.99% with 600 mg/L of RHC for 80 min at 70 °C. RHC exhibited an optimal DE under neutral condition, but it was also effective under acidic and alkaline conditions. Also, it had an excellent salt tolerance. The possible demulsification mechanism was explored by interfacial properties, different treatment methods for RHC and microexamination. The demulsification of RHC is attributed to its high interfacial activity, oxygen-containing groups and content of silica. It indicates that RHC is an effective demulsifier for the treatment of the W/O emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ye
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Yiling Ao
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Xinjiang Tarim Oilfield Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, 841000, PR China
| | - Lihan Chen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Liwei Shen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Xuening Feng
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Huaikui Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China.
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Dhandhi Y, Chaudhari RK, Naiya TK. Development in separation of oilfield emulsion toward green technology – A comprehensive review. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1995427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dhandhi
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Ronak Kumar Chaudhari
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Naiya
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
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8
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Dinh HHQ, Santanach-Carreras E, Schmitt V, Lequeux F, Panizza P. Breaking of Emulsions with Chemical Additives: Using Surrogate Fluids to Develop a Novel Theoretical Framework and Its Application to Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27976-27983. [PMID: 34722997 PMCID: PMC8552343 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of adding a water-soluble surfactant (Tween 20) that acts as a demulsifier on the stability of water-in-dodecane emulsions stabilized with Span 80. Performing bottle test experiments, we monitor the emulsion separation process. Initially, water droplets sediment fast (∼10 min) until they become closely packed and form the so-called dense packed layer (DPL). The presence of the DPL, a long-lived metastable high-water-fraction (70-90%) emulsion separating bulk oil and water layers, slows down significantly the kinetics (∼105 min) of water separation. Once the DPL is formed, the ratio of the volume of separated water to the total water amount is called as water separation efficiency. We assume that the emulsion stability is reached when the coverage of the emulsifier surfactant exceeds 80% and use the ideal solution approximation. From that, we rationalize the water separation efficiency and the minimum demulsifier concentration required to maximize it, in terms of the mean droplet size, the surfactant concentrations, the total water volume fraction, and the adsorption strength of the water-soluble surfactant. Model predictions and experimental findings are in excellent agreement. We further test the validity and robustness of our theoretical model, by applying it successfully to data found in the literature on water-in-crude oil emulsion systems. Ultimately, our results prove that the efficiency of a demulsifier agent to break a W/O emulsion strongly correlates to its adsorption strength at the W/O interface, providing a novel contribution to the selection guidelines of chemical demulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy-Hong-Quan Dinh
- Laboratoire
Physico-Chimie des Interfaces Complexes, Bâtiment CHEMSTARTUP, RD 817, 64170 Lacq, France
- TOTAL
S.A., Pôle d’Etudes et de Recherches de Lacq, BP 47, 64170 Lacq, France
| | - Enric Santanach-Carreras
- Laboratoire
Physico-Chimie des Interfaces Complexes, Bâtiment CHEMSTARTUP, RD 817, 64170 Lacq, France
- TOTAL
S.A., Pôle d’Etudes et de Recherches de Lacq, BP 47, 64170 Lacq, France
| | - Véronique Schmitt
- Centre
de Recherche Paul Pascal, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - François Lequeux
- Laboratoire
Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris,
PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7615, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Panizza
- Laboratoire
Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris,
PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7615, F-75005 Paris, France
- IPR,
UMR CNRS 6251, Campus Beaulieu, Université Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
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9
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Sjöblom J, Mhatre S, Simon S, Skartlien R, Sørland G. Emulsions in external electric fields. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102455. [PMID: 34102389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water is co-produced with crude oils, generally in the form of water-in-crude oil emulsions. The oil and water phases need to be separated before export. Separation is performed in gravity separators with the addition of chemical demulsifiers and, sometimes, with the application of an electric field by using an electrocoalescer. The present article reviews several aspects of electrocoalescence by considering the effect of the electric field from the molecular to a macroscopic scale: the oil-water interface, single drop effects, two drop interactions, and finally emulsions at laboratory scales. Experimental results together with Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation results are presented. The review begins with water-oil interface under an electric field and followed by single drop electrohydrodynamics. The electric field is shown to influence the adsorption of crude oil indigenous surface-active components (asphaltenes) due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flows. The interactions between two droplets in the presence of electric field and the factors governing the drop-drop coalescence are discussed in detail. DPD simulations help to elucidate thin film breakup during (electro)-coalescence of two water droplets, where the oil film has drained out to nanometer thickness. The film is comprised of surfactant and demulsifier molecules, and the simulations capture the pores formation in the film when a DC field is applied. The results demonstrate influence of the molecular structure of the surfactant and demulsifier, and their interactions. The subsequent section describes experimental techniques to assess the resolution of crude oil emulsions at the laboratory scale. The focus is on low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) which allows a determination of various emulsion features such as the droplet size distribution (DSD) and the brine profile (variation of the concentration of water with the height of the emulsion sample) and their evolution with time. Application of the technique in emulsion treatment involving chemical demulsifiers and electric field is presented. The review concludes with description of commercial industrial electrocoalecers such as the Vessel Internal Electrostatic Coalescer (VIEC) and the Compact Electrostatic Coalescer (CEC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Sjöblom
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sameer Mhatre
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Sébastien Simon
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Roar Skartlien
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), P.O. Box 40, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Geir Sørland
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Anvendt Teknologi AS, Munkvollvegen 56, 7022 Trondheim, Norway
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Sun X, Yang D, Zhang H, Zeng H, Tang T. Unraveling the Interaction of Water-in-Oil Emulsion Droplets via Molecular Simulations and Surface Force Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7556-7567. [PMID: 34229441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water-in-oil emulsions widely exist in various chemical and petroleum engineering processes, and their stabilization and destabilization behaviors have attracted much attention. In this work, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were conducted on the water-in-oil emulsion droplets with the presence of surface-active components, including a polycyclic aromatic compound (VO-79) and two nonionic surfactants: the PEO5PPO10PEO5 triblock copolymer and Brij-93. At the surface of water droplets, films were formed by the adsorbate molecules that redistributed during the approaching of the droplets. The redistribution of PEO5PPO10PEO5 was more pronounced than that of Brij-93 and VO-79, which contributed to lower repulsion during coalescence. The interaction forces during droplet coalescence were also measured using atomic force microscopy. Jump-in phenomenon and coalescence were observed for systems with VO-79, Brij-93, and a low concentration of Pluronic P123. The critical force before jump-in was lowest for the low concentration of Pluronic P123, consistent with the MD results. Adhesion was measured when separating water droplets with a high concentration of Pluronic P123. By correlating theoretical simulations and experimental force measurements, this work improves the fundamental understanding on the interaction behaviors of water droplets in an oil medium in the presence of interface-active species and provides atomic-level insights into the stabilization and destabilization mechanisms of water-in-oil emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Diling Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Zhang Z, Shen L, Hu W, Mi Y, Yuan H, Kuang J, Ye F, Jiang X, Luo Y, Liu W, Xie F. Treatment of Oily Wastewater Using a Hyperbranched Poly (amido amine) Demulsifier with 1,4‐Phenylene Diamine as Central Core. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Liwei Shen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Hu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Huaikui Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Jiazhe Kuang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Xia Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Yue Luo
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Wangfu Liu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Fangqin Xie
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
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12
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Overview on petroleum emulsions, formation, influence and demulsification treatment techniques. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Skartlien R, Simon S, Sjöblom J. Electrocoalescence of water in oil emulsions: a DPD simulation study and a novel application of electroporation theory. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34172-34183. [PMID: 35529983 PMCID: PMC9073912 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06111h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pore formation in a surfactant laden oil film between two aqueous electrolyte layers in a DC field was studied using DPD (Dissipative Particle Dynamics molecular simulation). This setting represents the final stage of an electro-coalescence process between water droplets in oil, where the oil film has drained out to nanometer thickness. We introduce a novel model for the coalescence probability based on electroporation theory for lipid bilayers, and an equation for a threshold electric potential above which coalescence is highly probable. Excess electric forcing (pinching) of the oil film occurred locally due to charge density fluctuations in the electrolyte, and this could lead to the formation of unstable, expanding pores and coalescence between the aqueous domains. Such unstable pores can form at lower electric potentials when the cohesive energy in the surfactant layer (primarily line tension) is lowered by adding demulsifier, or when demulsifier causes a morphology change in the surfactant layers with local areas that have lower surfactant density. In conclusion, higher ion concentrations in the electrolyte, higher electric field strength, and lower cohesive energy in the surfactant layer increased the coalescence probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roar Skartlien
- Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) P.O. Box 40 N-2027 Kjeller Norway
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ugelstad Laboratory, NTNU N-7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Sebastien Simon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ugelstad Laboratory, NTNU N-7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Johan Sjöblom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ugelstad Laboratory, NTNU N-7491 Trondheim Norway
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14
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Chang CC, Williams I, Nowbahar A, Mansard V, Mecca J, Whitaker KA, Schmitt AK, Tucker CJ, Kalantar TH, Kuo TC, Squires TM. Effect of Ethylcellulose on the Rheology and Mechanical Heterogeneity of Asphaltene Films at the Oil-Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9374-9381. [PMID: 31256591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Asphaltenes are surface-active molecules that exist naturally in crude oil. They adsorb at the water-oil interface and form viscoelastic interfacial films that stabilize emulsion droplets, making water-oil separation extremely challenging. There is, thus, a need for chemical demulsifiers to disrupt the interfacial asphaltene films, and, thereby, facilitate water-oil separation. Here, we examine ethylcellulose (EC) as a model demulsifier and measure its impact on the interfacial properties of asphaltene films using interfacial shear microrheology. When EC is mixed with an oil and asphaltene solution, it retards the interfacial stiffening that occurs between the oil phase in contact with a water phase. Moreover, EC introduces relatively weak regions within the film. When EC is introduced to a pre-existing asphaltene film, the stiffness of the films decreases abruptly and significantly. Direct visualization of interfacial dynamics further reveals that EC acts inhomogeneously, and that relatively soft regions in the initial film are seen to expand. This mechanism likely impacts emulsion destabilization and provides new insight to the process of demulsification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
| | - Ian Williams
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , U.K
| | - Arash Nowbahar
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
| | - Vincent Mansard
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
- Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems , Toulouse 31400 , France
| | - Jodi Mecca
- The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | | | - Adam K Schmitt
- The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | | | - Tom H Kalantar
- The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | - Tzu-Chi Kuo
- The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | - Todd M Squires
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
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16
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Cevada E, Palacios N, Hernández E, Castro L, López A, Flores C, Álvarez F, Vázquez F. Novel petroleum demulsifiers based on acrylic random copolymers. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2018.1472009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Cevada
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Norma Palacios
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edgar Hernández
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura Castro
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alfonso López
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
| | - César Flores
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fernando Álvarez
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Flavio Vázquez
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Ciudad de México, México
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17
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Kang W, Yin X, Yang H, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Hou X, Sarsenbekuly B, Zhu Z, Wang P, Zhang X, Geng J, Aidarova S. Demulsification performance, behavior and mechanism of different demulsifiers on the light crude oil emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Shehzad F, Hussein IA, Kamal MS, Ahmad W, Sultan AS, Nasser MS. Polymeric Surfactants and Emerging Alternatives used in the Demulsification of Produced Water: A Review. POLYM REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2017.1340308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Shehzad
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Shahzad Kamal
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Abdullah S. Sultan
- Petroleum Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa S. Nasser
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Performance of biodegradable cellulose based agents for demulsification of crude oil: Dehydration capacity and rate. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Zolfaghari R, Fakhru’l-Razi A, Abdullah LC, Elnashaie SS, Pendashteh A. Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Interfacial behavior of asphaltenes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 233:83-93. [PMID: 26498501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We review the existing literature on asphaltenes at various types of interfaces: oil-water, air-water, gas-oil and solid-liquid, with more emphasis on the oil-water interfaces. We address the role of asphaltene aggregation, recently clarified for asphaltenes in bulk by the Yen-Mullins model. We discuss the questions of adsorption reversibility and interfacial rheology, especially in connection with emulsion stability.
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22
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Wang C, Fang S, Duan M, Xiong Y, Ma Y, Chen W. Synthesis and evaluation of demulsifiers with polyethyleneimine as accepter for treating crude oil emulsions. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
| | - Shenwen Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
| | - Ming Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
| | - Yan Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
| | - Yongzhang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu Sichuan 610500 China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation and Beijing Research Center of China National Offshore Oil Corporation; Beijing 100027 China
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23
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He L, Lin F, Li X, Sui H, Xu Z. Interfacial sciences in unconventional petroleum production: from fundamentals to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5446-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
With the ever increasing demand for energy to meet the needs of growth in population and improvement in the living standards, in particular in developing countries, the abundant unconventional oil reserves (about 70% of total world oil), such as heavy oil, oil/tar sands and shale oil, are playing an increasingly important role in securing global energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre of Distillation Technology
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre of Distillation Technology
| | - Zhenghe Xu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology
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24
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The dynamic interfacial adsorption and demulsification behaviors of novel amphiphilic dendrimers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Forny-Le Follotec A, Glatter O, Pezron I, Barré L, Noïk C, Dalmazzone C, Metlas-Komunjer L. Characterization of Micelles of Small Triblock Copolymer by Small-Angle Scattering. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202610n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Forny-Le Follotec
- Groupe Interfaces et Milieux Divisés, EA 4297 UTC/ESCOM Transformations
Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60200 Compiègne Cedex, France
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1&4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Otto Glatter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Isabelle Pezron
- Groupe Interfaces et Milieux Divisés, EA 4297 UTC/ESCOM Transformations
Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60200 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Loïc Barré
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1&4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Christine Noïk
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1&4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | | | - Léa Metlas-Komunjer
- Groupe Interfaces et Milieux Divisés, EA 4297 UTC/ESCOM Transformations
Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60200 Compiègne Cedex, France
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26
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Seveno D, Blake TD, Goossens S, De Coninck J. Predicting the wetting dynamics of a two-liquid system. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:14958-14967. [PMID: 22040276 DOI: 10.1021/la2034998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new theoretical model of dynamic wetting for systems comprising two immiscible liquids, in which one liquid displaces another from the surface of a solid. Such systems are important in many industrial processes and the natural world. The new model is an extension of the molecular-kinetic theory of wetting and offers a way to predict the dynamics of a two-liquid system from the individual wetting dynamics of its parent liquids. We also present the results of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations for one- and two-liquid systems and show them to be in good agreement with the new model. Finally, we show that the new model is consistent with the limited data currently available from experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Seveno
- Laboratory of Surface and Interfacial Physics, Université de Mons, 20 place du parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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27
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Stability Proxies for Water-in-Oil Emulsions and Implications in Aqueous-based Enhanced Oil Recovery. ENERGIES 2011. [DOI: 10.3390/en4071058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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