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Chaisri W, Aneknan T, Khonkarn R, Tiwananthagorn S, Suriyasathaporn W, Pangprasit N, Saipinta D, Saengsitthisak B, Pikulkaew S. Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing Cymbopogon citratus essential oil: Enhancing the stability and acaricide efficacy against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Vet Parasitol 2024; 328:110171. [PMID: 38552269 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to develop a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to enhance the stability and efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil or lemongrass oil (LEO) against cattle tick larvae and engorged females. The system with the highest oil loading in SEDDS was composed of LEO (23.33%w/w), Tween 80: SGKH 4000 in a 2:1 ratio as surfactant (66.67%w/w), and propylene glycol as co-surfactant (10%w/w). The selected SEDDS-LEO has a particle size of 18.78 nm with a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index of 0.27). Notably, the stability of SEDDS was superior to that of the original oil, both during long-term storage and under accelerated conditions. SEDDS-LEO at oil concentrations ranging from 1.458% to 5.833% w/v showed a significantly higher percentage of egg-laying reduction against adult ticks compared with the original oil at the same concentrations (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SEDDS-LEO demonstrated greater larvicidal efficacy than the original oil, with lower LC50 and LC90 values of 0.91 mg/mL and 1.20 mg/mL, respectively, whereas the original oil's LC50 and LC90 values were 1.17 mg/mL and 1.74 mg/mL, respectively. Our findings indicate that SEDDS-LEO is a promising candidate for use as an acaricide in the control of tick populations in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Chaisri
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai Univesity, Chiang Mai 50100Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Tanat Aneknan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Ruttiros Khonkarn
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai Univesity, Chiang Mai 50100Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Witaya Suriyasathaporn
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai Univesity, Chiang Mai 50100Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Cambodia Campus, Asian Satellite Campuses Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Noppason Pangprasit
- Department of Livestock Clinics, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thamarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Duanghathai Saipinta
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | | | - Surachai Pikulkaew
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai Univesity, Chiang Mai 50100Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Rajana N, Chary PS, Pooja YS, Bhavana V, Singh H, Guru SK, Singh SB, Mehra NK. Quality by design approach-based fabrication and evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for improved delivery of venetoclax. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1277-1300. [PMID: 37953430 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is reported as one of the most prevalent non-cutaneous malignancies in women. Venetoclax (VEN) is an approved BCl-2 inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia with very limited oral bioavailability and exhibits an enormous impact on breast cancer. In the current investigation, venetoclax-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (VEN-SNEDDS) were designed and fabricated to improve the aqueous solubility, permeability, and anticancer efficacy of VEN. Various surface-active parameters of the reconstituted SNEDDS were determined to scrutinize the performance of the selected surfactant mixture. Central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the VEN-SNEDDS. The globule size of reconstituted VEN-SNEDDS was 71.3 ± 2.8 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.113 ± 0.01. VEN-SNEDDS displayed approximately 3-4 fold, 6-7 fold, and 5-6 fold reduced IC50 as compared to free VEN in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T47 D cells, respectively. VEN-SNEDDS showed greater cellular uptake, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species generation, and higher BAX/BCL2 ratio with decreased caspase 3 and 8 and BCL-2 levels in the MDA-MB-231 cells compared to pure VEN. VEN-SNEDDS exhibited approximately fivefold enhancement in Cmax and an improved oral bioavailability compared to VEN suspension in in vivo pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yeruva Sri Pooja
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Hoshiyar Singh
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Silva IR, Souza MACE, Machado RR, Oliveira RBD, Leite EA, César IDC. Enhancing oral bioavailability of an antifungal thiazolylhydrazone derivative: Development and characterization of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124011. [PMID: 38493843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
RN104 (2-[2-(cyclohexylmethylene)hydrazinyl)]-4-phenylthiazole) is a thiazolylhydrazone derivative with prominent antifungal activity. This work aimed to develop a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) loaded with RN104 to improve its biopharmaceutical properties and enhance its oral bioavailability. Medium chain triglycerides, sorbitan monooleate, and polysorbate 80 were selected as components for the SEDDS formulation based on solubility determination and a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The formulation was optimized using the central composite design in response surface methodology. The optimized condition consisted of medium chain triglycerides, sorbitan monooleate, and polysorbate 80 in a mass ratio of 65.5:23.0:11.5, achieving maximum drug loading (10 mg/mL) and minimum particle size (118.4 ± 0.7 nm). The developed RN104-SEDDS was fully characterized using dynamic light scattering, in vitro release studies, stability assessments, polarized light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in mice demonstrated that RN104-SEDDS significantly improved oral bioavailability compared to free RN104 (the relative bioavailability was 2133 %). These results clearly indicated the successful application of SEDDS to improve the pharmacokinetic profile and to enhance the oral bioavailability of RN104, substantiating its potential as a promising antifungal drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Rinco Silva
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mateus Araújo Castro E Souza
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renes Resende Machado
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elaine Amaral Leite
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela da Costa César
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Silva RA, Damasio DS, Coelho LD, de Morais-Teixeira E, Queiroz-Junior CM, Souza PE, Azevedo RB, Tedesco A, Ferreira LA, Oliveira MC, Aguiar MG. Combination of the Topical Photodynamic Therapy of Chloroaluminum Phthalocyanine Liposomes with Fexinidazole Oral Self-Emulsifying System as a New Strategy for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:509. [PMID: 38675171 PMCID: PMC11054953 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease. The treatment is restricted to drugs, such as meglumine antimoniate and amphotericin B, that exhibit toxic effects, high cost, long-term treatment, and limited efficacy. The development of new alternative therapies, including the identification of effective drugs for the topical and oral treatment of CL, is of great interest. In this sense, a combination of topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chloroaluminum phthalocyanine liposomes (Lip-ClAlPc) and the oral administration of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system containing fexinidazole (SEDDS-FEX) emerges as a new strategy. The aim of the present study was to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy with Lip-ClAlPc and SEDDS-FEX in the experimental treatment of Leishmania (Leishmania) major. Lip-ClAlPc and SEDDS-FEX were prepared, and the antileishmanial efficacy study was conducted with the following groups: 1. Lip-ClAlPc (0.05 mL); 2. SEDDS-FEX (50 mg/kg/day); 3. Lip-ClAlPc (0.05 mL)+SEDDS-FEX (50 mg/kg/day) combination; 4. FEX suspension (50 mg/kg/day); and 5. control (untreated). BALB/c mice received 10 sessions of topical Lip-ClAlPc on alternate days and 20 consecutive days of SEDDS-FEX or FEX oral suspension. Therapeutical efficacy was evaluated via the parasite burden (limiting-dilution assay), lesion size (mm), healing of the lesion, and histological analyses. Lip-ClAlPc and SEDDS-FEX presented physicochemical characteristics that are compatible with the administration routes used in the treatments. Lip-ClAlPc+SEDDS-FEX led to a significant reduction in the parasitic burden in the lesion and spleen when compared to the control group (p < 0.05) and the complete healing of the lesion in 43% of animals. The Lip-ClAlPc+SEDDS-FEX combination may be promising for the treatment of CL caused by L. major.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Ariany Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Danielle Soter Damasio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Larissa Dutra Coelho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Eliane de Morais-Teixeira
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz—FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte 330190-002, Brazil;
| | - Celso M. Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Eduardo Souza
- Laboratory of Software and Instrumentation in Applied Physics and Laboratory of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil;
| | - Antônio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering—Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil;
| | - Lucas Antônio Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Mônica Cristina Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Marta Gontijo Aguiar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (D.S.D.); (L.D.C.); (L.A.F.)
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Ifrah S, Dahan A, Debotton N. Towards Effective Antiviral Oral Therapy: Development of a Novel Self-Double Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Improved Zanamivir Intestinal Permeability. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2518. [PMID: 37896277 PMCID: PMC10610354 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-double emulsifying drug delivery systems have the potential to enhance the intestinal permeability of drugs classified under the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class III. One such example is the antiviral agent zanamivir, exhibiting suboptimal oral absorption (with a bioavailability range of 1-5%). To address this challenge, we have developed an innovative oral formulation for zanamivir: a self-double nanoemulsifying Winsor delivery system (SDNE-WDS) consisting of the microemulsion, which subsequently yields final double nanoemulsion (W1/O/W2) upon interaction with water. Two distinct formulations were prepared: SDNE-WDS1, classified as a W/O microemulsion, and SDNE-WDS2, discovered to be a bicontinuous microemulsion. The inner microemulsions displayed a consistent radius of gyration, with an average size of 35.1 ± 2.1 nm. Following self-emulsification, the resultant zanamivir-loaded nanoemulsion droplets for zSDNE-WDS1 and zSDNE-WDS2 measured 542.1 ± 36.1 and 174.4 ± 3.4 nm, respectively. Both types of emulsions demonstrated the ability to enhance the transport of zanamivir across a parallel artificial membrane. Additionally, in situ rat intestinal perfusion studies involving drug-loaded SDNE-WDSs revealed a significantly increased permeability of zanamivir through the small intestinal wall. Notably, both SDNE-WDS formulations exhibited effective permeability (Peff) values that were 3.5-5.5-fold higher than those of the low/high permeability boundary marker metoprolol. This research emphasizes the success of SDNE-WDSs in overcoming intestinal permeability barriers and enabling the effective oral administration of zanamivir. These findings hold promise for advancing the development of efficacious oral administration of BCS class III drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapir Ifrah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Nir Debotton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Ramat-Gan 52526, Israel
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Mohamad NV. Strategies to Enhance the Solubility and Bioavailability of Tocotrienols Using Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1403. [PMID: 37895874 PMCID: PMC10610013 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tocotrienols have higher medicinal value, with multiple sources of evidence showing their biological properties as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteoprotective compounds. However, tocotrienol bioavailability presents an ongoing challenge in its translation into viable products. This is because tocotrienol oil is known to be a poorly water-soluble compound, making it difficult to be absorbed into the body and resulting in less effectiveness. With the potential and benefits of tocotrienol, new strategies to increase the bioavailability and efficacy of poorly absorbed tocotrienol are required when administered orally. One of the proposed formulation techniques was self-emulsification, which has proven its capacity to improve oral drug delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs by advancing the solubility and bioavailability of these active compounds. This review discusses the updated evidence on the bioavailability of tocotrienols formulated with self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) from in vivo and human studies. In short, SEDDSs formulation enhances the solubility and passive permeability of tocotrienol, thus improving its oral bioavailability and biological actions. This increases its medicinal and commercial value. Furthermore, the self-emulsifying formulation presents a useful dosage form that is absorbed in vivo independent of dietary fats with consistent and enhanced levels of tocotrienol isomers. Therefore, a lipid-based formulation technique can provide an additional detailed understanding of the oral bioavailability of tocotrienols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur-Vaizura Mohamad
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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Ateeq MAM, Aalhate M, Mahajan S, Kumar GS, Sen S, Singh H, Gupta U, Maji I, Dikundwar A, Guru SK, Singh PK. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of docetaxel and carvacrol synergizes the anticancer activity and enables safer toxicity profile: optimization, and in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2614-2638. [PMID: 37067745 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is a first-line chemotherapeutic molecule with a broad-spectrum anticancer activity. On the other hand, carvacrol (CV) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and hepatoprotective properties that could reduce undue toxicity caused by DTX chemotherapy. Thus, in order to overcome the challenges posed by DTX's poor aqueous solubility, low permeability, hepatic first pass, and systemic toxicities, we have developed a novel solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) co-loaded with DTX and CV. In the present investigation, liquid-SNEDDS (L-SNEDDS) were fabricated using Nigella sativa oil, Cremophor RH 40, and Ethanol which was converted into solid by lyophilization using Aerosil 200. The reconstituted CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS showed an average globule size of < 200 nm with promising flow properties (angle of repose θ: 33.22 ± 0.06). Additionally, 2.3-fold higher dissolution of DTX was observed from CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS after 6 h as compared to free DTX. Similar trend was followed in dialysis release experiments with 1.5-fold higher release within 24 h. Ex vivo permeation studies demonstrated significantly increased permeation of 1077.02 ± 12.72 μg/cm2 of CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS after 12 h. In vitro cell cytotoxicity studies revealed 5.2-fold reduction in IC50 as compared to free DTX in MDA-MB-231 cells. Formulation was able to induce higher apoptosis in cells treated with CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS as compared to free DTX and CV. It was evident from toxicity studies that CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS was well tolerated at higher dose where CV was able to manage the toxic effects of free DTX. In vivo pharmacokinetic study showed 3.4-fold increased Cmax and improved oral bioavailability as compared to free DTX. Thus, CV-DTX-S-SNEDDS could be an encouraging option for facilitating DTX oral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aman Mohd Ateeq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Gogikar Shiva Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Sibu Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Hoshiyar Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Amol Dikundwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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Zewail MB, El-Gizawy SA, Asaad GF, Shabana ME, El-Dakroury WA. Chitosan coated clove oil-based nanoemulsion: An attractive option for oral delivery of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123224. [PMID: 37451327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a distressing inflammatory autoimmune disease, is managed mainly by Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), e.g. leflunomide (LEF). LEF (BCS class II) has limited solubility and adverse effects following its systemic exposure. The appealing antirheumatic properties of both clove oil and chitosan (CS) were exploited to design oral leflunomide (LEF)-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) system to augment the therapeutic action of LEF and decrease its systemic side effects as well. Different LEF-NEs were prepared using clove oil, Tween® 20 (surfactant), and PEG 400(co-surfactant) and characterized by thermodynamic stability, percentage transmittance, cloud point, size analysis, and drug content. Optimized LEF-NE was subjected to CS coating forming LEF-CS-NE that exhibited nanometric size range, prolonged drug release, and good physical stability. In vivo anti-rheumatic activity of pure LEF, market LEF, and LEF-CS-NE was assessed utilizing a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) rat model. Treatment with LEF-CS-NE reduced edema rate (48.68% inhibition) and caused a marked reduction in interleukin-6 (IL-6) (510.9 ± 2.48 pg/ml), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) (397.3 ± 2.53 pg/ml), and rheumatoid factor (RF) (42.58 ± 0.49 U/ml). Furthermore, LEF-CS-NE reduced serum levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) to (83.19%) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) to (40.68%) compared to the control + ve group. The effects of LEF-CS-NE were also superior to both pure and market LEF and showed better results in histopathological studies of paws, liver, kidney, lung, and heart. The remarkable therapeutic and safety profile of LEF-CS-NE makes it a potential oral system for the management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz B Zewail
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Sanaa A El-Gizawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
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El-Mancy SS, Boshra SA, Elnahas OS, Fayez SM, Sheta NM. Enhancement of Bottle Gourd Oil Activity via Optimized Self-Dispersing Lipid Formulations (SDLFs) to Mitigate Isoproterenol-Evoked Cardiac Toxicity in Rats via Modulating BMP, MMP2, and miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a Genes' Expression. Molecules 2023; 28:6168. [PMID: 37630419 PMCID: PMC10458851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bottle gourd (BG) oil (family Cucurbitaceae) has several pharmacological activities including a reduction of the hazard of cardiovascular and atherosclerosis conditions. This work aimed to develop and optimize self-dispersing lipid formulations (SDLFs) of BG oil by applying a full 32 factorial design. The formulation variables (oil concentration and surfactant mixture ratio) showed an obvious impact on the characters of the prepared BG-SDLFs including droplet size (DS), polydispersity index (PDI), emulsification time (ET), and transmission percentage (Tr%). The optimum BG-SDLF composed of 30% oil and Tween 80/Cremophor® RH40 (1:1) showed good emulsification characteristics and a better drug release profile compared with BG oil. In vivo study in isoproterenol-injected rats showed that BG oil and the optimized BG-SDLF improved cardiac function, by elevating the miRNA-23a gene expression level and decreasing miRNA-21 gene expression. They also caused the inhibition of the plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), cystatin c, galectin-3, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Our study demonstrated that BG oil and the optimized BG-SDLF provided a cardioprotection against isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxicity with better results in groups treated with the optimized BG-SDLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen S. El-Mancy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (S.S.E.-M.); (O.S.E.); (S.M.F.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Sylvia A. Boshra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Osama S. Elnahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (S.S.E.-M.); (O.S.E.); (S.M.F.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Sahar M. Fayez
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (S.S.E.-M.); (O.S.E.); (S.M.F.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Nermin M. Sheta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (S.S.E.-M.); (O.S.E.); (S.M.F.); (N.M.S.)
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10
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Fayez SM, Elnahas OS, Fayez AM, El-Mancy SS. Coconut oil based self-nano emulsifying delivery systems mitigate ulcerogenic NSAIDs side effect and enhance drug dissolution: Formula optimization, in-vitro, and in-vivo assessments. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122666. [PMID: 36736674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a common gastrointestinal ailment that affects many people worldwide. NSAIDs induced ulcers are the second most common etiology of gastric ulcers. Coconut oil has well-known potential anti-ulcerogenic characteristics. This work aimed to develop and optimize diclofenac potassium (a highly used model drug of NSAIDs) as self-nanoemulsifying delivery system containing coconut oil (DFP-COSNEDS) to overcome its ulcerogenic effect. A mixture design was applied for formula optimization and investigation of the effect of different formulation factors on the droplet size (DS) and polydispersity index (PDI) of the prepared DFP-COSNEDS. The optimized formulae showed good self-emulsification characters and better drug dissolution compared with the drug suspension. The ulcer protection was assessed in-vivo using 7 groups of adult male Wistar rats. Oxidative stress parameters (MDA, GSH, and SOD), inflammatory mediators (PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-6) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) gene expression were measured. The results revealed that pure coconut oil and DFP-COSNEDS containing 25 % of coconut oil showed close figures to normal group and better values than famotidine (FAM) group. In conclusion, coconut oil showed high potential for gastric-protection activity against DFP induced ulcer. DFP-COSNEDS offers dual benefits of improving DFP dissolution and alleviating its ulcerogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Fayez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Osama S Elnahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Fayez
- Department School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hert-fordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shereen S El-Mancy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.
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11
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Damasio DSDN, Antunes PA, Lages EB, Morais-Teixeira ED, Vital KD, Cardoso VN, Fernandes SOA, Aguiar MG, Ferreira LAM. A new oral self-emulsifying drug delivery system improves the antileishmania efficacy of fexinidazole in vivo. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122505. [PMID: 36549405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop, characterize and evaluate the in vivo oral efficacy of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing fexinidazole (FEX) in the experimental treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The developed FEX-SEDDS formulation presented as a clear, yellowish liquid, with absence of precipitate. The droplet size, polydispersion index and zeta potential after dilution in water (1:200) was of 91 ± 3 nm, 0.242 ± 0.005 and -16.7 ± 0.2, respectively. In the simulated gastric and intestinal media, the FEX-SEDDS had a size of 97 ± 1 and 106 ± 9 nm, respectively. The FEX retention in droplet after SEDDS dilution in simulated gastrointestinal media was almost 100 %. Antileishmanial efficacy studies showed that FEX-SEDDS was the only treatment able to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the parasite burden in the liver and spleen of animals experimentally infected with Leishmania infantum. Our intestinal permeability data suggest that FEX-SEDDS showed no evidence of injury to the intestinal mucosa. These findings suggest that FEX-SEDDS can be a promising oral alternative for the treatment of VL caused by L. infantum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Andrade Antunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Burgarelli Lages
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Eliane de Morais-Teixeira
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases - René Rachou Institute - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Kátia Duarte Vital
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Simone Odılia Antunes Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Marta Gontijo Aguiar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Shukla E, Kara DD, Katikala T, Rathnanand M. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of anti-cancer drugs: a multifaceted nanoplatform for the enhancement of oral bioavailability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023; 49:1-16. [PMID: 36803270 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2182124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A significant problem faced by the health care industry today is that though there are numerous drugs available to tackle diseases like cancer, their intrinsic properties make it difficult to be delivered to patients in a feasible manner. One of the key players that have helped researchers overcome poor solubility and permeability of drugs is Nanotechnology, this article further iterates on the same. SIGNIFICANCE Nanotechnology is used as an umbrella term in pharmaceutics and describes under it multiple technologies. Upcoming nanotechnology is a Self Nanoemulsifying System which is considered to be a futuristic delivery system both due to its scientific simplicity and relative ease of patient delivery. METHODS Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) are homogenous lipidic concoctions containing the drug solubilized in the oil phase and surfactants. The choice of components depends on the physicochemical properties of the drugs, the solubilization capability of oils and the physiological fate of the drug. The article contains further details of various methodologies that have been adopted by scientists to formulate and optimize such systems in order to make anticancer drugs orally deliverable. RESULTS The results that have been generated by scientists across the globe have been summarized in the article and all of the data supports the claim that SNEDDS significantly enhance the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic anticancer drugs. CONCLUSIONS This article mainly provides the application of SNEDDS in cancer therapy and concludes to provide a step for the oral administration of several BCS class II and IV anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eesha Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Divya Dhatri Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Tanvi Katikala
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Rathnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
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13
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Corrie L, Kaur J, Awasthi A, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Saini S, Kumar B, Pandey NK, Gupta G, Dureja H, Chellapan DK, Dua K, Tewari D, Singh SK. Multivariate Data Analysis and Central Composite Design-Oriented Optimization of Solid Carriers for Formulation of Curcumin-Loaded Solid SNEDDS: Dissolution and Bioavailability Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2395. [PMID: 36365213 PMCID: PMC9697677 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was initiated with two major purposes: investigating the role of isomalt (GIQ9) as a pharmaceutical carrier for solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDSs) and improving the oral bioavailability of lipophilic curcumin (CUN). GIQ9 has never been explored for solidification of liquid lipid-based nanoparticles such as a liquid isotropic mixture of a SNEDDS containing oil, surfactant and co-surfactant. The suitability of GIQ9 as a carrier was assessed by calculating the loading factor, flow and micromeritic properties. The S-SNEDDSs were prepared by surface adsorption technique. The formulation variables were optimized using central composite design (CCD). The optimized S-SNEDDS was evaluated for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microscopy, dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies. The S-SNEDDS showed a particle size, zeta potential and PDI of 97 nm, -26.8 mV and 0.354, respectively. The results of DSC, XRD, FTIR and microscopic studies revealed that the isotropic mixture was adsorbed onto the solid carrier. The L-SNEDDS and S-SNEDDS showed no significant difference in drug release, indicating no change upon solidification. The optimized S-SNEDDS showed 5.1-fold and 61.7-fold enhancement in dissolution rate and oral bioavailability as compared to the naïve curcumin. The overall outcomes of the study indicated the suitability of GIQ9 as a solid carrier for SNEDDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sumant Saini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pandey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellapan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Descipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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14
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Khan MA, Ullah K, Rahman NU, Mahmood A, Müllertz A, Mannan A, Murtaza G, Khan SA. Formulation, characterization and in-vitro evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system containing rhamnolipid biosurfactant. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Preparation, Optimization, and Investigation of Naringenin-Loaded Microemulsion for Topical Application. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:366-73. [PMID: 36403103 PMCID: PMC9763875 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are a large group of phenolic compounds possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. NAR is a flavonoid with various pharmacological properties. Using pharmaceutical compounds on skin is one of the routes of administration to achieve local and systemic effects. The aim of this study was to develop a topical formulation of NAR by the preparation of a NAR ME, which was further tested its skin permeability in rats. Methods Eight 0.5% NAR MEs were prepared by mixing appropriate amounts of surfactant (Tween 80 and Labrasol), cosurfactant (Capryol 90) and the oil phase (oleic acid-Transcutol P in a ratio of 1:10). The drug was dissolved in the oil phase. The physicochemical properties of MEs such as droplet size, viscosity, release, and skin permeability were assessed using Franz Cells diffusion. Results Based on the results, the droplet size of MEs ranged between 5.07 and 35.15 nm, and their viscosity was 164-291 cps. Independent factors exhibited a strong relationship with both permeability and drop size. The permeability findings revealed that the diffusion coefficient of NAR by the ME carrier increased compared to the drug saturation solution. Conclusion The most validated results were obtained for Jss and particle size. Optimal formulations containing MEs with Jss and particle sizes varying between minimum and maximum amounts are suitable for topical formulations of NAR.
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Freeze-drying: A Flourishing Strategy to Fabricate Stable Pharmaceutical and Biological Products. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rehman FU, Farid A, Shah SU, Dar MJ, Rehman AU, Ahmed N, Rashid SA, Shaukat I, Shah M, Albadrani GM, Kamel M, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM, Shah KU. Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS): Measuring Energy Dynamics to Determine Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091064. [PMID: 36145285 PMCID: PMC9500766 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was designed to identify thermodynamically and kinetically stable lipidic self-emulsifying formulations through simple energy dynamics in addition to highlighting and clarifying common ambiguities in the literature in this regard. Proposing a model study, this research shows how most of the professed energetically stable systems are actually energetically unstable, subjected to indiscriminate and false characterization, leading to significant effects for their pharmaceutical applications. A self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) was developed and then solidified (S-SEDDS) using a model drug finasteride. Physical nature of SEDDS was identified by measuring simple dynamics which showed that the developed dispersion was thermodynamically unstable. An in vivo study of albino rats showed a three-fold enhanced bioavailability of model drug with SEDDS as compared to the commercial tablets. The study concluded that measuring simple energy dynamics through inherent properties can distinguish between thermodynamically stable and unstable lipidic systems. It might lead to correct identification of a specific lipidic formulation and the application of appropriate characterization techniques accordingly. Future research strategies include improving their pharmaceutical applications and understanding the basic differences in their natures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (K.U.S.)
| | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research, GCPS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Dar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Abdur Rashid
- Skin/Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Research, GCPS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Shaukat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Narowal, Narowal 51600, Pakistan
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (K.U.S.)
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Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets as Potential Nanocarriers for Brain Delivery Assisted by Focused Ultrasound-Mediated Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071498. [PMID: 35890391 PMCID: PMC9323719 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of brain diseases remains a challenge, particularly because of the difficulty for drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier. Among strategies developed to improve drug delivery, nano-sized emulsions (i.e., nanoemulsions), employed as nanocarriers, have been described. Moreover, focused ultrasound-mediated blood–brain barrier disruption using microbubbles is an attractive method to overcome this barrier, showing promising results in clinical trials. Therefore, nanoemulsions combined with this technology represent a real opportunity to bypass the constraints imposed by the blood–brain barrier and improve the treatment of brain diseases. In this work, a stable freeze-dried emulsion of perfluorooctyl bromide nanodroplets stabilized with home-made fluorinated surfactants able to carry hydrophobic agents is developed. This formulation is biocompatible and droplets composing the emulsion are internalized in multiple cell lines. After intravenous administration in mice, droplets are eliminated from the bloodstream in 24 h (blood half-life (t1/2) = 3.11 h) and no long-term toxicity is expected since they are completely excreted from mice’ bodies after 72 h. In addition, intracerebral accumulation of tagged droplets is safely and significantly increased after focused ultrasound-mediated blood–brain barrier disruption. Thus, the proposed nanoemulsion appears as a promising nanocarrier for a successful focused ultrasound-mediated brain delivery of hydrophobic agents.
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Thermal Analysis Tools for Physico-Chemical Characterization and Optimization of Perfluorocarbon Based Emulsions and Bubbles Formulated for Ultrasound Imaging. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids6020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-emulsifying microbubbles, especially designed to increase the contrast of ultrasound images by the inclusion of perfluorocarbon molecules, have been studied by thermal analysis techniques. The microbubbles were made of a blend of gas (20%), surfactants (50%) and water (30%). The surfactants were mixtures of polysorbate-85, Span-80, poloxamer 188, glycerol and fluorinated surfactant (Zonyl®). Microbubbles have been characterized by means of diffusion light scattering and optical imaging. The effect of Zonyl® on encapsulation rate, as well as gas vaporization temperature and gas release temperature, has been assessed by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analyses (TGA). Microscopy and laser granulometry techniques have been also carried out for each formulation in order to determine the number of microbubbles and their size, respectively. Moreover, stability of the emulsions has been evaluated by DSC and confronted with the results obtained from the ultrasound experiments. Average microbubble concentrations of 7.2 × 107 and 8.9 × 107 per mL were obtained for perfluorohexane and perfluoropentane based emulsions, respectively. The present study demonstrates that the amount of encapsulated perfluorocarbon increases and the gas evaporation temperature decreases with the concentration of Zonyl®. Furthermore, the best ultrasound contrast images have been obtained in vitro with the samples containing the lowest Zonyl® concentration. An explication regarding the role of Zonyl® in the emulsion/microbubbles preparations is proposed here in order to optimize self-emulsifying microbubble formulation for pharmaceutical development.
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Khan AA, Atiya A, Akhtar S, Yadav Y, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, Mahmood S. Optimization of a Cefuroxime Axetil-Loaded Liquid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System: Enhanced Solubility, Dissolution and Caco-2 Cell Uptake. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040772. [PMID: 35456606 PMCID: PMC9028143 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cefuroxime axetil (CA) is an oral cephalosporin which hydrolyzes rapidly to the active parent compound cefuroxime. CA is known to have incomplete oral bioavailability (30−50%) due to its poor solubility and enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime in the gut lumen. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a lipid-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) has been developed and optimized. The SNEDDS formulations were prepared using the aqueous phase titration method. The greatest self-emulsifying area was found in the 2:1 Smix ratio. As a result, different SNEDDS formulations were carefully selected from this phase diagram based on their smaller droplet size < 100 nm, polydispersity index ≤ 0.5, dispersibility (Grade A), and transmittance (%) > 85%. Thermodynamic stability tests were carried out in order to rule out any metastable/unstable SNEDDS formulations. The droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (% EE) of optimized CA-loaded SNEDDS (C-3) were 18.50 ± 1.83 nm, 0.064 ± 0.008, −22.12 ± 1.20 mV, and 97.62 ± 1.06%, respectively. In vitro release studies revealed that the SNEDDS formulation had increased CA solubility. CA-SNEDDS-C3 increased CA cellular uptake, possibly due to increased CA solubility and the inhibition of enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime. Finally, in terms of the improvement of oral bioavailability, CA-loaded-SNEDDS could be a viable alternative to commercially available CA formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Ali Khan
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Correspondence: (A.A.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger St., Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safia Akhtar
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yogesh Yadav
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.A.K.); (S.M.)
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USTA DYILMAZ, TIMUR B, TEKSIN ZS. Formulation development, optimization by Box- Behnken design, characterization, in vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo evaluation of bosentan-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system: A novel alternative dosage form for pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 174:106159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Formulation Approaches for Improving the Dissolution Behavior and Bioavailability of Tolvaptan Using SMEDDS. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020415. [PMID: 35214147 PMCID: PMC8879311 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolvaptan, a selective vasopressin receptor antagonist, is a Class IV agent of Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). To improve bioavailability after oral administration, the new tolvaptan-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was further optimized using a “design of the experiment (DoE)” including components of D-optional mixture design. Based on a solubility study of tolvaptan in various oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants, Capryol® 90, Tween 20, and Transcutol® HP [or polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200)] were finally selected for optimization of tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS formulations. The fitting models of, and poly-nominal equations for, all response variables were acceptable, as revealed by analysis of variance (ANOVA, R2 > 0.900, p < 0.0001). The optimized formulations A-1 (Capryol® 90/Tween 20/Transcutol® HP = 10%/70%/20% w/w) and B-1 (Capryol® 90/Tween 20/PEG 200 = 10%/70%/20% w/w) with desirabilities of 0.905 and 1.000, respectively, showed low droplet size and the dissolution rate exceeded 95% at 15 and 60 min. The tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS remained stable for 3 months under accelerated conditions, thus with no change in any of content, color, particle size, or dissolution rate. In a rat pharmacokinetic study, the bioavailability of formulations A-1 (16.6%) and B-1 (11.5%) were 23–33-fold higher than that of raw tolvaptan powder (0.5%). Thus, the use of “quality by design (QbD)” during development of tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS improved the dissolution rate and oral drug bioavailability.
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Chaudhuri A, Shrivastava N, Kumar S, Singh AK, Ali J, Baboota S. Designing and development of omega-3 fatty acid based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of docetaxel with enhanced biopharmaceutical attributes for management of breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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El-Dakroury WA, Zewail MB, Elsabahy M, Shabana ME, Asaad GF. Famotidine-loaded solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system demonstrates exceptional efficiency in amelioration of peptic ulcer. Int J Pharm 2022; 611:121303. [PMID: 34798155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Famotidine (FMD) is a highly potent H2-receptor antagonist used in peptic ulcer treatment. However, the drug possesses poor aqueous solubility and permeability. FMD-loaded solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (FMD-S-SNEDDS) comprised of Labrafil® M 1944 CS, Tween® 20 and PEG 400, adsorbed on Aerosil® 200, has been developed. FMD-S-SNEDDS has demonstrated acceptable micromeritic properties, and upon reconstitution in water, spherical nanosized particles were released, as demonstrated by dynamic light scattering studies and transmission electron microscopy imaging. High encapsulation efficiency of FMD in the developed SNEDDS has been attained, and the saturated solubility of the drug has increased by 20-fold when it was incorporated in the SNEDDS. Several in vitro characterizations have been carried out, including, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and drug dissolution studies. In vivo, upon administration of the free drug suspension, marketed product (FAMOTIN®) and FMD-S-SNEDDS (40 mg/kg) in peptic ulcer rat models, FMD-S-SNEDDS and the marketed FMD demonstrated 12.5- and 4.7-fold reduction in ulcers number, and 28.7- and 7.2-fold reduction in ulcer severity, respectively, compared to the control untreated animals. FMD-S-SNEDDS showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of depleted glutathione and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated level of malondialdehyde, as compared to the free and marketed FMD. Only FMD-S-SNEDDS could restore the elevated proton pump activity and cyclic adenosine monophosphate RNA expression to their normal levels. Hence, FMD-S-SNEDDS provides a great potential as a nanotherapeutic system for treatment of peptic ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Moataz B Zewail
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Preparation and evaluation of solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of eprosartan mesylate using vegetable oils. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mundada VP, Patel MH, Mundada PK, Sawant KK. Development of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System to Improve Nisoldipine Bioavailability: Cell Line and In Vivo Evaluations : Development of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:256. [PMID: 34676456 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors attempted to fabricate a novel lipid-based formulation of a lipophilic drug, nisoldipine (NISO). As NISO belongs to BCS class 2 drug, it suffers from low bioavailability (5%). Hence, the research was intended to ameliorate oral bioavailability of NISO via intestinal lymphatic transport. The NISO loaded self microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) (NISO SMEDDS) was prepared using Peceol, Cremophor EL, and Transcutol HP. The Cremophor EL and Transcutol HP at 1:1 ratio showed maximum microemulsifying area, and average globule size was 16.78 ± 0.97 nm with PDI 0.121 ± 0.024. Cellular uptake studies (confocal microscopy and flow cytometry) using Caco-2 cells depicted higher fluorescence with coumarin-6 loaded SMEDDS as that of coumarin-6 solution which indicated deeper penetration. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of coumarin-6 loaded SMEDDS was significantly improved (9.92-fold) in contrast to coumarin-6 solution. The NISO SMEDDS showed enhanced permeability (5.02 times) across Caco-2 cells compared to NISO suspension. The bioavailability improvement with NISO SMEEDS was 2.14 times relative to suspension, and lymphatic uptake was involved in oral absorption of NISO SMEDDS.
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Enhancement of Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activities of Standardized Frankincense Extract Using Optimized Self-Nanoemulsifying Delivery System. Sci Pharm 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm89030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellic acids (BAs) are the main bioactive compounds of frankincense, a natural resin obtained from the genus Boswellia. This study aimed to develop a self-nanoemulsifying delivery system (SNEDS) to improve the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of standardized frankincense extract (Fr-extract). Fr-extract was standardized, and BA content was quantified using the developed HPLC-UV method. Screening studies of excipients followed by formula optimization using a mixture simplex lattice design was employed. The optimized Fr-SENDS formulation was characterized. Furthermore, microbiological and antiproliferative assessments of the standardized Fr-extract and Fr-SNEDS were evaluated. Quantification demonstrated that the major constituent is 11-keto-boswellic acid (KBA) (16.25%) among BA content (44.96%). The optimized Fr-SENDS (composed of 5% CapryolTM 90, 48.7% Gelucire® 44/14 and 46.3% ethanol) showed spherical nanosized dispersions with DS, PDI, and zeta potential of 17.9 nm, 0.2, and −14.5 mV, respectively. Fr-SNEDS exhibited lower MIC and MBC values compared with Fr-extract against pathogens conjugated with lung cancer and was comparable to reference antimicrobials. Fr-SNEDS showed superior antiproliferative activity over Fr-extract, with IC50 values of 20.49 and 109.5 μg mL−1, respectively. In conclusion, the optimized Fr-SNEDS could be easily developed and manufactured at a low cost and the in vitro results support its use as a potential adjuvant oral therapy for lung cancer. Further in vivo studies could be continued to assess the therapeutic efficiency of the prepared system.
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Lin L, Asghar S, Huang L, Hu Z, Ping Q, Chen Z, Shao F, Xiao Y. Preparation and evaluation of oral self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of Chlorophyll. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:857-866. [PMID: 33650446 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1892746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at improving the water solubility and oral bioavailability of Chl by self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (Chl-SMEDDS). METHODS Compatibility experiments, pseudo-ternary phase diagram and central composite design were used to optimize the formulation. The selected systems were further evaluated for physical characteristics, including particle size, zeta potential, and appearance. The stability, in vitro dispersion test, and in vivo intestinal perfusion experiments were used to evaluate the SMEDDS. RESULTS The optimal composition of Chl-SMEDDS included: Labrafil M 1944 CS (35%), kolliphor RH 40 (46%), Transcutol HP (19%) and 60 mg/g Chl. The appearance of water emulsified Chl-SMEDDS was green and transparent. The particle size, ζ-potential, and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that spherical globules of Chl-SMEDDS with a size of about 22.82 ± 1.29 nm and a negative surface charge of -24.21 ± 3.45 mV were obtained. Chl-SMEDDS could remain stable at 25 °C and 4 °C for at least 6 months. The dispersion test showed that Chl-SMEDDS dispersed spontaneously to form microemulsion after disintegration of capsule shell and 90% drug dispersed in just 30 min in pH 1.2 HCl without any drug precipitation during the test period. In vivo intestinal perfusion experiment revealed that the main absorption site for Chl-SMEDDS was duodenum. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that SMEDDS formulation could be an effective strategy for the oral administration of Chl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qineng Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Shao
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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Almehmady AM, Ali SA. Transdermal Film Loaded with Garlic Oil-Acyclovir Nanoemulsion to Overcome Barriers for Its Use in Alleviating Cold Sore Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050669. [PMID: 34066923 PMCID: PMC8148569 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponentially mounting cases of herpes simplex virus infection or cold sores have become a serious global concern. Acyclovir (ACV) and garlic oil (GO)-loaded lipid nanocarrier could be a promising therapeutic approach in alleviating cold sores, as well as limiting the biopharmaceutical constraints associated with ACV absorption and therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the objective of the current research study was to formulate an ACV-GO self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (ACV-GO-SNEDDS) as transdermal films. The prepared SNEDDS was optimized using an experimental mixture design. The optimized ACV-GO SNEDDS was loaded in transdermal film and was evaluated for ex vivo skin permeation and in vivo pharmacokinetic prospects. An optimized ACV-GO SNEDDs formulation constituted of 10.4% (w/w) of GO, 64.8% (w/w) of surfactant mixture (Tween 20®-Span 20®); 24.8%(w/w) of co-surfactant (Propylene glycol®), and 200mg of ACV, respectively, were prepared and characterized for particle size (Y). The observed globule size of the optimized ACV-GO SNEDDS is 170 ± 13.45 nm. The results of stability studies indicated that the stability index of optimized ACV-GO-SNEDDS was more than 92 ± 3%. This optimized ACV-GO SNEDDS was loaded in hydroxypropyl cellulose transdermal film. The outcome of the ex vivo skin permeation study demonstrated a 2.3-fold augmented permeation of ACV from the optimized ACV-GO SNEDDS HPC transdermal film in comparison to the raw ACV transdermal film. There was a 3-fold increase in the relative bioavailability of the optimized ACV-GO SNEDDS transdermal film compared to the raw ACV-HPC film. The study findings confirmed that the ACV-GO SNEDDS transdermal film exhibited excellent potential to enhance the bioavailability of ACV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa M. Almehmady
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-550-665-900
| | - Sarah A. Ali
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Fitria A, Hanifah S, Chabib L, Uno AM, Munawwarah H, Atsil N, Pohara HA, Weuanggi DA, Syukri Y. Design and characterization of propolis extract loaded self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system as immunostimulant. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:625-634. [PMID: 34194270 PMCID: PMC8233540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This current study aims to optimize, characterize, and observe the stability of the self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of propolis extract (PE) for improving the immune response. Optimization of the selected composition of SNEDDS was conducted using a D-optimal mixture design. SNEDDS was prepared by loading 150 mg/mL of PE in oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant phases. The thermodynamic stability test was carried out with phase separation parameters followed by the robustness to dilution and accelerated stability test. The immunostimulant activity was examined in vitro and in vivo by determining the phagocytic activity, cell proliferation, production of nitrite oxide levels of RAW 264.7 cells, phagocytic activity of macrophages, and the number of leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. The formula optimization showed that the formula containing Capryol-90, Cremophor RH40, and PEG 400 at a ratio of 30: 34: 36 was optimum. The verification response of the optimum formula with drug loading showed that the transmittance, droplet size, and zeta potential were 96.90 ± 0.00%, 28.7 ± 1.20 nm, and -56.5 ± 2.05 mV, respectively. The thermodynamic stability test and robustness to dilution did not find any separation phase. The accelerated stability test results were classified as stable. The in vitro and in vivo immunostimulant activity test showed that PE-loaded SNEDDS exhibited a higher immunostimulant effect than PE. In conclusion, the optimum and stable composition of PE loaded SNEDDS was found with a simple and accurate method using the D-Optimal mixture design and demonstrated an immunostimulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annisa Fitria
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suci Hanifah
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lutfi Chabib
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Adnan Muhammad Uno
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Nur Atsil
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Yandi Syukri
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Tran P, Park JS. Recent trends of self-emulsifying drug delivery system for enhancing the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dholakiya A, Dudhat K, Patel J, Mori D. An integrated QbD based approach of SMEDDS and liquisolid compacts to simultaneously improve the solubility and processability of hydrochlorthiazide. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ansari MJ, Alnakhli M, Al-Otaibi T, Meanazel OA, Anwer MK, Ahmed MM, Alshahrani SM, Alshetaili A, Aldawsari MF, Alalaiwe AS, Alanazi AZ, Zahrani MA, Ahmad N. Formulation and evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of brigatinib: Improvement of solubility, in vitro release, ex-vivo permeation and anticancer activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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Preparation and In vitro characterization of a novel self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system for a fixed-dose combination of candesartan cilexetil and hydrochlorothiazide. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Khattab A, Ahmed-Farid O, Nasr S. Enhanced brain biodistribution of Ginsenoside Rg1 based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system to ameliorate metabolic syndromes and keep homeostatic balance. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sun C, Li W, Zhang H, Adu-Frimpong M, Ma P, Zhu Y, Deng W, Yu J, Xu X. Improved Oral Bioavailability and Hypolipidemic Effect of Syringic Acid via a Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:45. [PMID: 33439366 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to enhance the solubility, oral bioavailability, and hypolipidemic effects of syringic acid (SA), a bioactive and poorly-soluble polyphenol. Based on the response surface methodology-central composite design (RSM-CCD), an optimum formulation of SA-SMEDDS, consisting of ethyl oleate (oil, 12.30%), Cremophor-EL (surfactant, 66.25%), 1,2-propanediol (cosurfactant, 21.44%), and drug loading (50 mg/g), was obtained. The droplets of SA-SMEDDS were nanosized (16.38 ± 0.12 nm), spherically shaped, and homogeneously distributed (PDI = 0.058 ± 0.013) nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiency (98.04 ± 1.39%) and stability. In vitro release study demonstrated a prolonged and controlled release of SA from SMEDDS. In vitro cell studies signified that SA-SMEDDS droplets substantially promoted cellular internalization. In comparison with the SA suspension, SA-SMEDDS showed significant prolonged Tmax, t1/2, and MRT after oral administration. Also, SA-SMEDDS exhibited a delayed in vivo elimination, increased bioavailability (2.1-fold), and enhanced liver accumulation. Furthermore, SA-SMEDDS demonstrated significant improvement in alleviating serum lipid profiles and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice. Collectively, SMEDDS demonstrated potential as a nanosystem for the oral delivery of SA with enhanced bioavailability and hypolipidemic effects.
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Trajanovska E, Simonoska Crcarevska M, Mirchev M, Jovanovikj F, Atanasova A, Ugarkovic S, Glavas Dodov M. Optimization of self-emulsifying drug delivery system of cefuroxime axetil. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2021. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2020.66.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Overcoming solubility problems is the greatest challenge during formulation of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s) into oral solid dosage forms. Different formulation approaches were used to surpass this problem and enhance their solubility in the gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, in order to achieve a faster dissolution and better absorption, which will directly influence their therapeutic effect. In this paper, an evaluation of the potential of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to improve the solubility of the active ingredient cefuroxime axetil (CA) was done. Screening of the solubility of the API in different excipients was done, and Tween 80, PEG 400, and Olive oil as a surfactant, co-solvent, and oil, respectively, were chosen as the most convenient system constituents. An optimal self-emulsification and solubilization ability of this system was assessed using mixture experimental design statistical tools based on the response surface methodology (RSM). The prepared CA-SEDDS were evaluated for droplet size (d10, d50, d90 in µm), droplet size distribution (Span factor), and absorbance. As a complementary approach, for better representation of the non-linear relationship between the formulation compositions and the observed dispersion characteristics an artificial neural network (ANN) was used. Optimal formulation that consists of 10% (w/w) Tween 80 as surfactant, 80% (w/w) PEG 400 as co-solvent and 10% (w/w) Olive oil, was obtained. Both, mixture experimental design and ANN were combined for a comprehensive evaluation of CA-SEDDS and the obtained results suggested that formulation of SEDDS is a useful approach for improving the solubility of the CA.
Keywords: self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), cefuroxime axetil, design of experiment, artificial neural network (ANN)
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Trajanovska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Maja Simonoska Crcarevska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Miroslav Mirchev
- Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Rugjer Boskovikj 16, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Frosina Jovanovikj
- Research and Development, Alkaloid AD, Blvd. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Ana Atanasova
- Research and Development, Alkaloid AD, Blvd. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Sonja Ugarkovic
- Research and Development, Alkaloid AD, Blvd. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Marija Glavas Dodov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
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Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery Systems: From the Development to the Current Applications and Challenges in Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121194. [PMID: 33317067 PMCID: PMC7764143 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one third of newly discovered drug molecules show insufficient water solubility and therefore low oral bio-availability. Self-nano-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SNEDDSs) are one of the emerging strategies developed to tackle the issues associated with their oral delivery. SNEDDSs are composed of an oil phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant or cosolvent. SNEDDSs characteristics, their ability to dissolve a drug, and in vivo considerations are determinant factors in the choice of SNEDDSs excipients. A SNEDDS formulation can be optimized through phase diagram approach or statistical design of experiments. The characterization of SNEDDSs includes multiple orthogonal methods required to fully control SNEDDS manufacture, stability, and biological fate. Encapsulating a drug in SNEDDSs can lead to increased solubilization, stability in the gastro-intestinal tract, and absorption, resulting in enhanced bio-availability. The transformation of liquid SNEDDSs into solid dosage forms has been shown to increase the stability and patient compliance. Supersaturated, mucus-permeating, and targeted SNEDDSs can be developed to increase efficacy and patient compliance. Self-emulsification approach has been successful in oral drug delivery. The present review gives an insight of SNEDDSs for the oral administration of both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds from the experimental bench to marketed products.
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Gardouh AR, Nasef AM, Mostafa Y, Gad S. Design and evaluation of combined atorvastatin and ezetimibe optimized self- nano emulsifying drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abou Assi R, M. Abdulbaqi I, Seok Ming T, Siok Yee C, A. Wahab H, Asif SM, Darwis Y. Liquid and Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDs) as Carriers for the Oral Delivery of Azithromycin: Optimization, In Vitro Characterization and Stability Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1052. [PMID: 33158058 PMCID: PMC7693798 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM) is a macrolide antibiotic used for the treatment of various bacterial infections. The drug is known to have low oral bioavailability (37%) which may be attributed to its relatively high molecular weight, low solubility, dissolution rate, and incomplete intestinal absorption. To overcome these drawbacks, liquid (L) and solid (S) self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDs) of AZM were developed and optimized. Eight different pseudo-ternary diagrams were constructed based on the drug solubility and the emulsification studies in various SEDDs excipients at different surfactant to co-surfactant (Smix) ratios. Droplet size (DS) < 150 nm, dispersity (Đ) ≤ 0.7, and transmittance (T)% > 85 in three diluents of distilled water (DW), 0.1 mM HCl, and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) were considered as the selection criteria. The final formulations of L-SEDDs (L-F1(H)), and S-SEDDs (S-F1(H)) were able to meet the selection requirements. Both formulations were proven to be cytocompatible and able to open up the cellular epithelial tight junctions (TJ). The drug dissolution studies showed that after 5 min > 90% and 52.22% of the AZM was released from liquid and solid SEDDs formulations in DW, respectively, compared to 11.27% of the pure AZM, suggesting the developed SEDDs may enhance the oral delivery of the drug. The formulations were stable at refrigerator storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abou Assi
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim M. Abdulbaqi
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq
| | - Toh Seok Ming
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Chan Siok Yee
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Habibah A. Wahab
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Shaik Mohammed Asif
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- Pharma Research, Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad 431002, India
| | - Yusrida Darwis
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
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Bahadur S, Yadu K, Baghel P, Naurange T, Sahu M. Review of formulation and evaluation of self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). SCIENCERISE: PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.15587/2519-4852.2020.210825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Simvastatin-loaded nanoemulsions: development, characterization, stability study and toxicity assays. Ther Deliv 2020; 11:497-505. [PMID: 32842914 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to prepare and characterize simvastatin-loaded nanoemulsions (SIM-LN) as well as evaluate their physicochemical properties and toxicity. Methodology & results: The SIM-LN were prepared, their characteristics evaluated for 30 days, and after that, the SIM-LN toxicity was evaluated using Vero cell culture and the in vivo model of Caenorhabditis elegans. The prepared SIM-LN had an average droplet size of 139 ± 22 nm, with high encapsulation rate (>98.4%). The storage at room temperature proved to be the most optimal condition. Toxicity assays demonstrated no toxicity. Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the surfactants used as emulsifiers optimized the properties without side effects, because no toxicity was measured in preliminary tests.
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Akhtar N, Mohammed SA, Khan RA, Yusuf M, Singh V, Mohammed HA, Al-Omar MS, Abdellatif AA, Naz M, Khadri H. Self-Generating nano-emulsification techniques for alternatively-routed, bioavailability enhanced delivery, especially for anti-cancers, anti-diabetics, and miscellaneous drugs of natural, and synthetic origins. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Alghananim A, Özalp Y, Mesut B, Serakinci N, Özsoy Y, Güngör S. A Solid Ultra Fine Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (S-SNEDDS) of Deferasirox for Improved Solubility: Optimization, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080162. [PMID: 32722238 PMCID: PMC7465256 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The research work was designed to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) of deferasirox (DFX). According to the solubility studies of DFX in different components, Peceol, Kolliphor EL, and Transcutol were selected as excipients. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed, and then SNEDDS formation assessment studies and solubility of DFX in selected SNEDDSs formulations were performed. DFX loaded SNEDDS were prepared and characterized. The optimum DFX-SNEDDS formulations were developed. The relative safety of the optimized SNEDDS formulation was examined in a human immortalized myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562 cells, using the MTT cell viability test. Cytotoxicity studies revealed more cell viability (71.44%) of DFX loaded SNEDDS compared to pure DFX (3.99%) at 40 μM. The selected DFX-SNEDDS formulation was converted into S-SNEDDS by adsorbing into porous carriers, in order to study its dissolution behavior. The in vitro drug release studies indicated that DFX release (Q5%) from S-SNEDDS solidified with Neusilin UFL2 was significantly higher (93.6 ± 0.7% within 5 min) compared with the marketed product (81.65 ± 2.10%). The overall results indicated that the S-SNEDDS formulation of DFX could have the potential to enhance the solubility of DFX, which would in turn have the potential to improve its oral bioavailability as a safe novel delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alghananim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia 99010, Cyprus; (A.A.); (Y.Ö.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jerash University, Jerash 26150, Jordan
| | - Yıldız Özalp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia 99010, Cyprus; (A.A.); (Y.Ö.)
| | - Burcu Mesut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (B.M.); (Y.Ö.)
| | - Nedime Serakinci
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99010, Cyprus;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art and Sciences Near East University, Nicosia 99010, Cyprus
| | - Yıldız Özsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (B.M.); (Y.Ö.)
| | - Sevgi Güngör
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (B.M.); (Y.Ö.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-212-440-00-00 (ext. 13493)
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Mohammady M, Mohammadi Y, Yousefi G. Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Nanoparticles: The Effects of Formulation and Technique Parameters on Nanoparticles Characteristics. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3235-3247. [PMID: 32702373 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are of the most interesting novel vehicles for effective drug delivery to humans. Freeze drying is known as an engaging process to improve the long lasting stability of NPs formulations. This study aims to elucidate the importance of various parameters involving in freeze-drying of the most common pharmaceutical/nutraceutical NPs including nanosuspensions, nanocrystals (NCs), cocrystals/nanococrystals, nanoemulsions (NEs), nanocapsules (NCPs) and nanospheres (NSPs). Regarding this, the therapeutic goals of NPs and specifications of drug must be considered. According to our survey, the most influential factors for achieving optimum results include type and concentration of cryoprotectant/lyoprotectant, stabilizer structure and concentration, the NPs concentration in solution, freezing, annealing, and drying rate, the interaction between protectants and stabilizer, solvent type and antisolvent to solvent ratio. The study shows that for each class of NPs, specific variables are of highest significance and should be optimized. For instance, about NCs, freezing rate and antisolvent/solvent ratio should be particularly considered and for emulsified NPs, the best results have been obtained by 5-20% of saccharides as cryoprotectants. These findings suggest that to obtain a product with the lowest aggregation and particle size (PS), optimization of the effective factors in formulation and lyophilization process are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mohammady
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yasaman Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Yousefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran; Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems for Enhancing Solubility, Permeability, and Bioavailability of Sesamin. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143119. [PMID: 32650503 PMCID: PMC7397308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamin (SSM) is a water-insoluble compound that is easily eliminated by liver metabolism. To improve the solubility and bioavailability of SSM, this study developed and characterized a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for the oral delivery of SSM and conducted pharmacokinetic assessments. Oil and surfactant materials suitable for SNEDDS preparation were selected on the basis of their saturation solubility at 37 ± 0.5 °C. The mixing ratios of excipients were determined on the basis of their dispersibility, transmittance (%), droplet sizes, and polydispersity index. An SNEDDS (F10) formulation comprising glyceryl trioctanoate, polyoxyethylene castor oil, and Tween 20 at a ratio of 10:10:80 (w/w/w) was the optimal formulation. This formulation maintained over 90% of its contents in different storage environments for 12 weeks. After the self-emulsification of SNEDDS, the SSM dispersed droplet size was 66.4 ± 31.4 nm, intestinal permeability increased by more than three-fold, relative bioavailability increased by approximately 12.9-fold, and absolute bioavailability increased from 0.3% to 4.4%. Accordingly, the developed SNEDDS formulation can preserve SSM's solubility, permeability, and bioavailability. Therefore, this SNEDDS formulation has great potential for the oral administration of SSM, which can enhance its pharmacological application value.
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Niu J, Xu Z, Li X, Wang Z, Li J, Yang Z, Khattak SU, Liu Y, Shi Y. Development and evaluation of rhubarb free anthraquinones loaded self-nanoemulsifying tablets. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kazi M, Shahba AA, Alrashoud S, Alwadei M, Sherif AY, Alanazi FK. Bioactive Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (Bio-SNEDDS) for Combined Oral Delivery of Curcumin and Piperine. Molecules 2020; 25:E1703. [PMID: 32276393 PMCID: PMC7181043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bioactive oils of natural origin have gained huge interests from health care professionals and patients. Objective: To design a bioactive self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (Bio-SNEDDS) comprising curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PP) by incorporating bioactive natural oils in the formulation. Methods: The self-emulsifying properties of apricot, avocado, black seed and Zanthoxylum rhetsa seed oils were screened within various SNEDDS formulations. Each liquid SNEDDS formulation was loaded with both CUR and PP. The optimal liquid SNEDDS were solidified using Aeroperl® and Neusilin® at 1:1 w/w ratio. Liquid and solid SNEDDS were characterized by droplet size analysis, equilibrium solubility, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In-vitro dissolution studies were performed to evaluate the efficiency of CUR and PP release from solid Bio-SNEDDS. Results: The liquid SNEDDS comprised of black seed oil exhibited excellent self-emulsification performance, low droplet size along with transparent appearance. The inclusion of the cosolvent Transcutol P improved the solubilization capacity of both CUR and PP. The liquid SNEDDS were efficiently solidified using the two adsorbents and presented the drugs within amorphous state. In particular, SNEDDS comprised of black seed oil/Imwitor988/Transcutol P/Cremophor RH40 (20/20/10/50) and when solidified with Neusilin showed enhanced CUR and PP release (up to 60% and 77%, respectively). In addition, this formulation efficiently delivers the highly bioactive black seed oil to the patient. Conclusions: The optimized Bio-SNEDDS comprising black seed oil showed outstanding self-emulsification characteristics along with enhanced CUR/PP dissolution upon solidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (A.Y.S.); (F.K.A.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad A. Shahba
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad Alrashoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (A.Y.S.); (F.K.A.)
| | - Majed Alwadei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (A.Y.S.); (F.K.A.)
| | - Abdelrahman Y. Sherif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (A.Y.S.); (F.K.A.)
| | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (A.Y.S.); (F.K.A.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Gupta S, Kesarla R, Omri A. Approaches for CNS delivery of drugs - nose to brain targeting of antiretroviral agents as a potential attempt for complete elimination of major reservoir site of HIV to aid AIDS treatment. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 16:287-300. [PMID: 30779602 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1583206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) infection causing acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most life-threatening infections. The central nervous system (CNS) is reported to be the most important HIV reservoir site where the antiretroviral drugs are unable to reach. AREAS COVERED This article includes the review about HIV infections, its pathogenesis, HIV infections in CNS, its consequences, current therapies, challenges associated with the existing therapies, approaches to overcome them, CNS delivery of drugs - barriers, transport routes, approaches for transporting drugs across the blood-brain barrier, nasal route of drug delivery, and nose to brain targeting of antiretroviral agents as a potential approach for complete cure of AIDS. EXPERT OPINION Various approaches are exploited to enhance the drug delivery to the brain for various categories of drugs. However, very few have investigated on the delivery of antiretrovirals to the brain. Targeting antiretrovirals to CNS through oral/nasal routes along with oral/parenteral delivery of drug to the plasma can be a promising approach for an attempt to completely eradicate HIV reservoir and cure AIDS, after clinical trials. Further research is required to identify the exact location of the HIV reservoir in CNS and developing good animal models for evaluation of different newly developed formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gupta
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research , University of Mumbai , Mumbai, Maharashtra , India
| | - Rajesh Kesarla
- b Corporate Quality Assurance , Zydus Cadila , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- c The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Laurentian University , Sudbury , ON , Canada
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Mundada VP, Patel MH, Mundada PK, Sawant KK. Enhanced bioavailability and antihypertensive activity of nisoldipine loaded nanoemulsion: optimization, cytotoxicity and uptake across Caco-2 cell line, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:376-387. [PMID: 32031412 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1724128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The present study explored the antihypertensive activity of nisoldipine in oil in water nanoemulsion to improve its oral bioavailability via intestinal lymphatic uptake.Methods: Nanoemulsion was prepared by ultrasonication technique using Peceol, Cremophor EL and Transcutol HP as oil, surfactant and cosurfactant respectively. Optimization was done employing 32 full factorial design. The developed formulation was assessed for in vitro,cell line, ex vivo and in vivo studies.Results: The experimental results indicated homogeneity of the nanoemulsion with globule size of 62.35 ± 2.55 nm and PDI value of 0.108 ± 0.01 with negative zeta potential (-26.2 ± 3.6 mV). Transmission electron microscopy showed spherical oil globules morphology. The in vitro diffusion study showed significant increase in drug release from NE formulations (98.51 ± 2.64%) as compared to plain drug dispersion (29.73 ± 2.15%) in 0.1 N HCl + 0.5% SLS medium. Moreover, higher quantitative and qualitative uptake of nanoemulsion via Caco-2 cells showed superior intestinal absorption and improved therapeutic activity of nisoldipine when compared to drug dispersion. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study confirmed significantly (p ˂ 0.05) greater bioavailability and antihypertensive activity of nisoldipine nanoemulsion when compared to its dispersion. These results are visualized in abstract figure.Conclusion: Thus, prepared nanoemulsion showed potential as oral delivery system for nisoldipine with superior oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy over drug dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veenu P Mundada
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Mitali H Patel
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Piyush K Mundada
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Krutika K Sawant
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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