1
|
Pimenta PHN, Rebouças RB, Oliveira TF. Magnetic field effects on the surfactant concentration over ferrofluid droplet surfaces in shear flows. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:438-445. [PMID: 38364469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the impact of a magnetic field on surfactant concentration and interfacial forces across droplet surfaces within shear flows. Our analysis centers on a single two-dimensional ferrofluid droplet covered with surfactants, suspended in an immiscible, non-magnetizable liquid. The model combines incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and Maxwell's equations in the superparamagnetic limit in the single-fluid formulation, augmented by terms accounting for Marangoni, capillary, and magnetic forces at the droplet interface. We solve the surfactant convection-diffusion equation at the surface, while a non-linear Langmuir equation of state relates surfactant concentration to surface tension. The model is numerically solved using finite differences, a level-set method for multiphase flow computation, and the closest-point method for concentration equation. Our findings reveal that even though the surfactant is magnetically neutral, the presence of a magnetic field significantly modifies its distribution at the interface. A magnetic field perpendicular to the primary flow direction shifts the maximum concentration zone from the droplet tips toward the flow vorticity direction, while a parallel field produces the opposite effect. Alterations in surfactant distribution directly impact the surface tension field, offering a potential wireless means of controlling droplet dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P H N Pimenta
- Department of Academic Areas IV, Federal Institute of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74055-110, Brazil.
| | - R B Rebouças
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, IL 60607, United States.
| | - T F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Energy and Environment, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Universal self-scalings in a micro-co-flowing. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
3
|
Lee C, Kim HH. Velocity measurement of magnetic particles simultaneously affected by two-phase flow and an external magnetic field using dual-sided SPIM-µPIV. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
4
|
Zhu GP, Wang QY, Ma ZK, Wu SH, Guo YP. Droplet Manipulation under a Magnetic Field: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030156. [PMID: 35323426 PMCID: PMC8946071 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic manipulation of droplets is one of the emerging magnetofluidic technologies that integrate multiple disciplines, such as electromagnetics, fluid mechanics and so on. The directly driven droplets are mainly composed of ferrofluid or liquid metal. This kind of magnetically induced droplet manipulation provides a remote, wireless and programmable approach beneficial for research and engineering applications, such as drug synthesis, biochemistry, sample preparation in life sciences, biomedicine, tissue engineering, etc. Based on the significant growth in the study of magneto droplet handling achieved over the past decades, further and more profound explorations in this field gained impetus, raising concentrations on the construction of a comprehensive working mechanism and the commercialization of this technology. Current challenges faced are not limited to the design and fabrication of the magnetic field, the material, the acquisition of precise and stable droplet performance, other constraints in processing speed and so on. The rotational devices or systems could give rise to additional issues on bulky appearance, high cost, low reliability, etc. Various magnetically introduced droplet behaviors, such as deformation, displacement, rotation, levitation, splitting and fusion, are mainly introduced in this work, involving the basic theory, functions and working principles.
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu D, Sun M, Zhang J, Hu R, Fu W, Xuanyuan T, Liu W. Single-cell droplet microfluidics for biomedical applications. Analyst 2022; 147:2294-2316. [DOI: 10.1039/d1an02321g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent advances in the fundamentals of single-cell droplet microfluidics and its applications in biomedicine, providing insights into design and establishment of single-cell microsystems and their further performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Meilin Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenzhu Fu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Tingting Xuanyuan
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferrofluid droplet breakup process and neck evolution under steady and pulse-width modulated magnetic fields. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Yu Z, Jin J, Shui L, Chen H, Zhu Y. Recent advances in microdroplet techniques for single-cell protein analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
8
|
Formation of droplets of shear‐thinning
non‐Newtonian
fluids in a step‐emulsification microdevice. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Liu Z, Duan C, Jiang S, Zhu C, Ma Y, Fu T. Microfluidic step emulsification techniques based on spontaneous transformation mechanism: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
10
|
Shah RK, Khandekar S. Manipulation of Taylor bubble flow in a magneto-fluidic system. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
Bijarchi MA, Favakeh A, Shafii MB. The effect of a non-uniform pulse-width modulated magnetic field with different angles on the swinging ferrofluid droplet formation. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
12
|
Experimental Studies of Microchannel Tapering on Droplet Forming Acceleration in Liquid Paraffin/Ethanol Coaxial Flows. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13040944. [PMID: 32093232 PMCID: PMC7078719 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The formations of micro-droplets are strongly influenced by the local geometries where they are generated. In this paper, through experimental research, we focus on the roles of microchannel tapering in the liquid paraffin/ethanol coaxial flows in their flow patterns, flow regimes, and droplet parameters, i.e., their sizes and forming frequencies. For validity, the non-tapering coaxial flows (the convergence angle α=0∘) are investigated, the experimental methods and experimental data are examined and analyzed by contrasting the details with previous works, and consistent results are obtained. We consider a slightly tapering microchannel (the convergence angle α=2.8∘) and by comparison, the experiments show that the tapering has significant effects on the flow patterns, droplet generation frequencies, and droplet sizes. The regimes of squeezing, dripping, jetting, tubing, and threading are differentiated to shrink toward the coordinate origin of the Cac–Wed space. The closer it is to the origin, the less variations will occur. For the adjacent regimes of the origin, i.e., dripping and squeezing, slight changes have occurred in both flow patterns, as well as the droplet characters. In the dripping and squeezing modes, the liquid droplets are generated near the orifice of the inner tube. Their forming positions (geometry) and flow conditions are almost the same. Therefore, the causes of minute changes in such regimes are physically understandable. While in the jetting regimes, the droplets shrink in size and their forming frequencies increase. The droplet sizes and the frequencies are both linearly related to those of the non-tapering cases with the corresponding relations derived. Furthermore, the threading and the tubing patterns almost did not emerged in the non-tapering data, as it seemed easier to form elongated jets, thinning or widening, in the tapered tubes. This can be explained by the stable analysis of the coaxial jets, which indicates that the reductions in the microchannel diameters can suppress the development of the interface disturbances.
Collapse
|
13
|
Han W, Chen X. New insights into generation of highly controllable monodisperse high-throughput microdroplets in a T-junction microchannel with step structure. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1679643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Han
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xueye Chen
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang D, Ma P, Zhu C, Fu T, Ma Y, Wang K, Luo G. Manipulable Formation of Ferrofluid Droplets in Y-Shaped Flow-Focusing Microchannels. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Youguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|