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Hülagü D, Tobias C, Dao R, Komarov P, Rurack K, Hodoroaba VD. Towards 3D determination of the surface roughness of core-shell microparticles as a routine quality control procedure by scanning electron microscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17936. [PMID: 39095507 PMCID: PMC11297195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have developed an algorithm to quantitatively evaluate the roughness of spherical microparticles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The algorithm calculates the root-mean-squared profile roughness (RMS-RQ) of a single particle by analyzing the particle's boundary. The information extracted from a single SEM image yields however only two-dimensional (2D) profile roughness data from the horizontal plane of a particle. The present study offers a practical procedure and the necessary software tools to gain quasi three-dimensional (3D) information from 2D particle contours recorded at different particle inclinations by tilting the sample (stage). This new approach was tested on a set of polystyrene core-iron oxide shell-silica shell particles as few micrometer-sized beads with different (tailored) surface roughness, providing the proof of principle that validates the applicability of the proposed method. SEM images of these particles were analyzed by the latest version of the developed algorithm, which allows to determine the analysis of particles in terms of roughness both within a batch and across the batches as a routine quality control procedure. A separate set of particles has been analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a powerful complementary surface analysis technique integrated into SEM, and the roughness results have been compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Hülagü
- Division 6.1 Surface and Thin Film Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Charlie Tobias
- Division 1.9 Chemical and Optical Sensing, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Radek Dao
- NenoVision S.R.O., Purkyňova 649/127, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Komarov
- NenoVision S.R.O., Purkyňova 649/127, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Knut Rurack
- Division 1.9 Chemical and Optical Sensing, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba
- Division 6.1 Surface and Thin Film Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
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Li Z, Liang S, Zhang C, Zhou L, Luo F, Lou Z, Chen Z, Zhang X, Yang M. A ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetry dual-signal sensing strategy based on o-phenylenediamine and AuNCs for determination of Cu 2+ and glyphosate. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:423. [PMID: 38922503 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A ratiometric fluorescence sensing strategy has been developed for the determination of Cu2+ and glyphosate with high sensitivity and specificity based on OPD (o-phenylenediamine) and glutathione-stabilized gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs). Water-soluble 1.75-nm size GSH-AuNCs with strong red fluorescence and maximum emission wavelength at 682 nm were synthesized using GSH as the template. OPD was oxidized by Cu2+, which produced the bright yellow fluorescence oxidation product 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) with a maximum fluorescence emission peak at 570 nm. When glyphosate existed in the system, the chelation between glyphosate and Cu2+ hindered the formation of DAP and reduced the fluorescence intensity of the system at the wavelength of 570 nm. Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity at the wavelength of 682 nm remained basically stable. It exhibited a good linear relationship towards Cu2+ and glyphosate in water in the range 1.0-10 µM and 0.050-3.0 µg/mL with a detection limit of 0.547 µM and 0.0028 µg/mL, respectively. The method was also used for the semi-quantitative determination of Cu2+ and glyphosate in water by fluorescence color changes visually detected by the naked eyes in the range 1.0-10 µM and 0.30-3.0 µg/mL, respectively. The sensing strategy showed higher sensitivity, more obvious color changes, and better disturbance performance, satisfying with the detection demands of Cu2+ and glyphosate in environmental water samples. The study provides a reliable detection strategy in the environment safety fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Changsheng Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Fengjian Luo
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Zhengyun Lou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Zongmao Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
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Norvilaite O, Lindsay C, Taylor P, Armes SP. Silica-Coated Micrometer-Sized Latex Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5169-5178. [PMID: 37001132 PMCID: PMC10100546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of silica-coated micrometer-sized poly(methyl methacrylate) latex particles are prepared using a Stöber silica deposition protocol that employs tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a soluble silica precursor. Given the relatively low specific surface area of the latex particles, silica deposition is best conducted at relatively high solids to ensure a sufficiently high surface area. Such conditions aid process intensification. Importantly, physical adsorption of chitosan onto the latex particles prior to silica deposition minimizes secondary nucleation and promotes the formation of silica shells: in the absence of chitosan, well-defined silica overlayers cannot be obtained. Thermogravimetry studies indicate that silica formation is complete within a few hours at 20 °C regardless of the presence or absence of chitosan. Kinetic data obtained using this technique suggest that the adsorbed chitosan chains promote surface deposition of silica onto the latex particles but do not catalyze its formation. Systematic variation of the TEOS/latex mass ratio enables the mean silica shell thickness to be tuned from 45 to 144 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of silica-coated latex particles after calcination at 400 °C confirm the presence of hollow silica particles, which indicates the formation of relatively smooth (albeit brittle) silica shells under optimized conditions. Aqueous electrophoresis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies are also consistent with latex particles coated in a uniform silica overlayer. The silica deposition formulation reported herein is expected to be a useful generic strategy for the efficient coating of micrometer-sized particles at relatively high solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Norvilaite
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - C. Lindsay
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International
Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, UK
| | - P. Taylor
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International
Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, UK
| | - S. P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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Varghese J, Mohammadi R, Pochylski M, Babacic V, Gapinski J, Vogel N, Butt HJ, Fytas G, Graczykowski B. Size-dependent nanoscale soldering of polystyrene colloidal crystals by supercritical fluids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:314-322. [PMID: 36459936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Polymer particles self-assembled into colloidal crystals have exciting applications in photonics, phononics, templates for nanolithography, and coatings. Cold soldering utilizing polymer plasticization by supercritical fluids enables a novel, low-cost, low-effort, chemical-free means for uniform mechanical strengthening of fragile polymer colloidal crystals at moderate temperatures. Here, we aim to elucidate the role of particle size and gas-specific response for the most efficient soldering, exploring the full potential of this method. EXPERIMENTS We investigate the elastic properties of polystyrene colloidal crystals made of nanoparticles with different diameters (143 to 830 nm) upon treatment with supercritical Ar and He at room temperature. By employing Brillouin light scattering, we quantify the effect of nanoparticle size on the strengthening of interparticle contacts, evaluating the permanent change in the effective elastic modulus upon cold soldering. FINDINGS The relative change in the effective elastic modulus reveals nonmonotonic dependence on the particle size with the most efficient soldering for mid-sized nanoparticles (about 610 nm diameter). We attribute this behavior to the crucial role of intrinsic fabrication impurities, which reduces the nanoparticles' free surface exposed to plasticization by supercritical fluids. Supercritical Ar, a good solvent for polystyrene, enabled effective soldering of nanoparticles, whereas high-pressure He treatment is entirely reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeena Varghese
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
| | - Mikolaj Pochylski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Visnja Babacic
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Gapinski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
| | - Hans-Juergen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Fytas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bartlomiej Graczykowski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Hano N, Ryu N, Nagaoka S, Ihara H, Takafuji M. Selective reflection enhancement by controlling of surface-layering structure of inorganic nanoparticles on polymer microspheres. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Preparation of metal and metal oxide doped silica hollow spheres and the evaluation of their catalytic performance. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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TEOS and Na2SiO3 as silica sources: study of synthesis and characterization of hollow silica nanospheres as nano thermal insulation materials. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01330-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wiercigroch-Walkosz K, Cichos J, Karbowiak M. Growth of silica shell on hydrophobic upconverting nanocrystals – Mechanism and control of porosity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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