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Wang J, Liu R, Wang B, Cheng Z, Liu C, Tang Y, Zhu J. Synthesis of Polyether Carboxylate and the Effect of Different Electrical Properties on Its Viscosity Reduction and Emulsification of Heavy Oil. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3139. [PMID: 37514526 PMCID: PMC10385753 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy oil exploitation needs efficient viscosity reducers to reduce viscosity, and polyether carboxylate viscosity reducers have a significant viscosity reduction effect on heavy oil. Previous work has studied the effect of different side chain lengths on this viscosity reducer, and now a series of polyether carboxylate viscosity reducers, including APAD, APASD, APAS, APA, and AP5AD (the name of the viscosity reducer is determined by the name of the desired monomer), with different electrical properties have been synthesized to investigate the effect of their different electrical properties on viscosity reduction performance. Through the performance tests of surface tension, contact angle, emulsification, viscosity reduction, and foaming, it was found that APAD viscosity reducers had the best viscosity reduction performance, reducing the viscosity of heavy oil to 81 mPa·s with a viscosity reduction rate of 98.34%, and the worst viscosity reduction rate of other viscosity reducers also reached 97%. Additionally, APAD viscosity reducers have the highest emulsification rate, and the emulsion formed with heavy oil is also the most stable. The net charge of APAD was calculated from the molar ratio of the monomers and the total mass to minimize the net charge. While the net charge of other surfactants was higher. It shows that the amount of the surfactant's net charge affects the surfactant's viscosity reduction effect, and the smaller the net charge of the surfactant itself, the better the viscosity reduction effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid & Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Shaanxi Key Research Laboratory of Chemical Additives, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bo Wang
- The Fourth Oil Production Factory of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Jingbian 718500, China
| | - Zhigang Cheng
- The Third Gas Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Chengkun Liu
- The First Gas Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yiwen Tang
- Shaanxi Key Research Laboratory of Chemical Additives, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid & Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Key Research Laboratory of Chemical Additives, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Zhang DT, Riccardi E, van Erp TS. Enhanced path sampling using subtrajectory Monte Carlo moves. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:024113. [PMID: 36641412 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Path sampling allows the study of rare events, such as chemical reactions, nucleation, and protein folding, via a Monte Carlo (MC) exploration in path space. Instead of configuration points, this method samples short molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories with specific start- and end-conditions. As in configuration MC, its efficiency highly depends on the types of MC moves. Since the last two decades, the central MC move for path sampling has been the so-called shooting move in which a perturbed phase point of the old path is propagated backward and forward in time to generate a new path. Recently, we proposed the subtrajectory moves, stone-skipping (SS) and web-throwing, that are demonstrably more efficient. However, the one-step crossing requirement makes them somewhat more difficult to implement in combination with external MD programs or when the order parameter determination is expensive. In this article, we present strategies to address the issue. The most generic solution is a new member of subtrajectory moves, wire fencing (WF), that is less thrifty than the SS but more versatile. This makes it easier to link path sampling codes with external MD packages and provides a practical solution for cases where the calculation of the order parameter is expensive or not a simple function of geometry. We demonstrate the WF move in a double-well Langevin model, a thin film breaking transition based on classical force fields, and a smaller ruthenium redox reaction at the ab initio level in which the order parameter explicitly depends on the electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Zhang
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Enrico Riccardi
- Department of Informatics, UiO, Gaustadalléen 23B, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Titus S van Erp
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Barbosa GD, Luz AM, Camargo CL, Tavares FW, Turner CH. Molecular simulation of the structural and thermodynamic properties of n-alkane/brine interfacial systems with nonionic surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang ZS, Zhou ZH, Han L, Chen X, He HJ, Zhang Q, Xu ZC, Gong QT, Zhang L, Ma GY, Zhang L. The mechanism for lowering interfacial tension by extended surfactant containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhou W, Jiang L, Liu X, Hu Y, Yan Y. Molecular insights into the effect of anionic-nonionic and cationic surfactant mixtures on interfacial properties of oil-water interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chen IC, Lee MT. Rhamnolipid Biosurfactants for Oil Recovery: Salt Effects on the Structural Properties Investigated by Mesoscale Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6223-6237. [PMID: 35224385 PMCID: PMC8867548 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnolipids (RLs) are biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas. The biodegradability and the variety of their functionality make them suitable for environmental remediation and oil recovery. We use dissipative particle dynamics simulations to investigate the aggregation behaviors of ionic RL congeners with nonane in various operating conditions. Under zero-salinity conditions, all RL congeners studied here form small ellipsoidal clusters with detectable free surfactants. When salt ions are present, the electrostatic repulsion between the ionized heads is overcome, resulting in the formation of larger aggregates of unique structures. RLs with C10-alkyl tails tend to form elongated wormlike micelles, while RLs with C16-alkyl tails tend to form clusters in spherical symmetry, including vesicles. Di-rhamnolipids (dRLs) require stronger solvation than monorhamnolipids (mRLs) to form clusters, and the resulting size of micelles is decreased. The morphology of the mixed dRL/mRL/oil systems is controlled based on the type of the congeners and the oil contents. In addition, the divalent calcium ions are found to be influential to the structure of the micelles through different mechanisms. For 5 wt % salinity, the ionic RLs can form oil-swollen micelles up to a 1:1 surfactant-to-oil ratio, suggesting that ionic RLs are superb to act as cleaning agents for petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine area. These key findings may guide the design for RL-based washing techniques in enhanced oil recovery.
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7
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Thin film breakage in oil–in–water emulsions, a multidisciplinary study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nan Y, Li W, Jin Z. Ion Valency and Concentration Effect on the Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Brine-Decane Interfaces with Anionic Surfactant (SDS). J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:9610-9620. [PMID: 34402618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Salt ion valency and concentration vary in actual oil reservoirs, which play an important role in the functionalities of surfactant formula during chemical flooding processes to enhance oil recovery. Herein, we report a molecular dynamics (MD) study to investigate the ion valency and concentration effect on the structural and thermodynamic properties of brine-decane interfaces with anionic surfactant (SDS), under typical reservoir conditions (353 K and 200 bar). We use two different cations (Na+ and Ca2+) and a wide range of ion concentrations (up to 3.96 M) to simulate reservoir conditions. We find that ion valency has a significant effect on the molecular configurations, which further influences the thermodynamic properties. Ca2+ ions can have a strong adsorption at the interface due to the strong electrostatic interactions between Ca2+ ions and SDS, which also results in the Cl- ion enrichment at the interface. Furthermore, Ca2+ ions can form pentagon-like SDS-Ca2+ complexes through SDS-Ca2+-SDS cation bridging, which renders a nonuniform distribution of SDS at the interface. On the other hand, the cation bridging density monotonically increases as ion concentration increases for the systems without Ca2+ ions, while first increases, then decreases for the systems with Ca2+ ions. This is because the accumulation of Cl- ions at the interface at high salt concentrations can melt SDS-Ca2+ complexes. This work should provide new insights into the structural and thermodynamic properties of brine-oil interfaces with an anionic surfactant, which can facilitate the optimization of chemical flooding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Nan
- School of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenhui Li
- School of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Zhehui Jin
- School of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Xu Z, He Z, Quan X, Sun D, Miao Z, Yu H, Yang S, Chen Z, Zeng J, Zhou J. Molecular simulations of charged complex fluids: A review. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Aarøen O, Riccardi E, Sletmoen M. Exploring the effects of approach velocity on depletion force and coalescence in oil-in-water emulsions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8730-8740. [PMID: 35423378 PMCID: PMC8695179 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00661d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An emulsion is a thermodynamically unstable system consisting of at least two immiscible liquid phases, one of which is dispersed in the other in the form of droplets of varying size. Most studies on emulsions have focused on the behaviour of emulsion droplets with diameter from ∼50 μm and upwards. However, the properties of smaller droplets may be highly relevant in order to understand the behaviour of emulsions, including their performance in numerous applications within the fields of food, industry, and medical science. The relatively long life-time and small size of these droplets compared to other emulsion droplets, make them suited for optical trapping and micromanipulation technologies. Optical tweezers have previously shown potential in the study of stabilized emulsions. Here we employ optical tweezers to examine unstable oil-in-water emulsions to determine the effects of system parameters on depletion force and coalescence times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Aarøen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Høgskoleringen 5 7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Enrico Riccardi
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Høgskoleringen 5 7491 Trondheim Norway
- Department of Informatics, UiO Gaustadalléen 23B 0373 Oslo Norway
| | - Marit Sletmoen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Høgskoleringen 5 7491 Trondheim Norway
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Vera RE, Salazar‐Rodríguez F, Marquez R, Forgiarini AM. How the Influence of Different Salts on Interfacial Properties of Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems at Optimum Formulation Matches the Hofmeister Series Ranking. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon E. Vera
- Laboratorio FIRPUniversidad de Los Andes Mérida Av Don Tulio Febres Cordero, Mérida 5101 Venezuela
| | | | - Ronald Marquez
- Laboratorio FIRPUniversidad de Los Andes Mérida Av Don Tulio Febres Cordero, Mérida 5101 Venezuela
| | - Ana M. Forgiarini
- Laboratorio FIRPUniversidad de Los Andes Mérida Av Don Tulio Febres Cordero, Mérida 5101 Venezuela
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Shi Y, Yan F, Jia Q, Wang Q. Norm descriptors for predicting the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of anionic surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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