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Ikram Z, Azmat E, Perviaz M. Degradation Efficiency of Organic Dyes on CQDs As Photocatalysts: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10017-10029. [PMID: 38463277 PMCID: PMC10918811 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Across the globe, the task of providing clean and safe drinking water is getting harder. Organic contaminants, including dyes and pharmaceutical medications, are a significant environmental threat, especially in aquatic bodies due to their uncontrolled emission. Therefore, a method for their degradation in water bodies that is both environmentally friendly and commercially feasible must be developed. In the realm of photocatalysis, carbon-based nanomaterials have drawn more attention in the last ten years. Due to their exceptional and distinct qualities, metal-free carbon-based photocatalytic systems have received a lot of attention recently for their ability to degrade organic contaminants into semiconductor quantum dots, which are already available. A class of nanomaterials with a particle size between 2 and 10 nm showing distinct optoelectrical characteristics is among the variety of catalytic quantum dots. This review covers several synthesis techniques such as electrochemical, laser ablation, microwave radiation, hydrothermal, and optical features of CQDs such as the photoluminescent (PL) property and quantum confinement effect. The uses of CQDs in the degradation of various dyes as well as the difficulties that still exist and the opportunities that lie ahead have also been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkifle Ikram
- Department
of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, 1- Khayaban-e- Jinnah, Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Esha Azmat
- Department
of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, 1- Khayaban-e- Jinnah, Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Perviaz
- Department
of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, 1- Khayaban-e- Jinnah, Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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2
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Falara PP, Ibrahim I, Zourou A, Sygellou L, Sanchez DE, Romanos GE, Givalou L, Antoniadou M, Arfanis MK, Han C, Terrones M, Kordatos KV. Bi-functional photocatalytic heterostructures combining titania thin films with carbon quantum dots (C-QDs/TiO 2) for effective elimination of water pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124976-124991. [PMID: 37160858 PMCID: PMC10754734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, carbon quantum dots (C-QDs), prepared via hydrothermal-microwave procedures, were successfully combined with nanostructured titania (TiO2). The photocatalytic oxidation/reduction activity of the C-QDs/TiO2 composite films was evaluated in the decomposition of organic-inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions under UV illumination. Physicochemical characterizations were applied to investigate the crystal structure of the carbon quantum dots and the composites. It was found that the prepared C-QDs/TiO2 composites had great contribution to the photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr+6) species and 4-Nitrophenol (PNP) as well as to the photocatalytic oxidation of methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. The mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction was studied with trapping experiments, revealing that the electron (e-) radical species were powerfully supported for the photocatalytic reduction of Cr+6 and PNP and the holes (h+) are the main active species for the photocatalytic oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi P Falara
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Islam Ibrahim
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Adamantia Zourou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Labrini Sygellou
- Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ICE-HT), POB 1414, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - David Emanuel Sanchez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - George Em Romanos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Lida Givalou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, ZEP, 50100, Kozani, Greece
| | - Michalis K Arfanis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Changseok Han
- Department of Environmental Engineering, INHA University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
- Program in Environmental & Polymer Engineering, Graduate School of INHA University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Konstantinos V Kordatos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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Xu J, Zhang J, Tao F, Liang P, Zhang P. Kilogram-scale fabrication of TiO 2 nanoparticles modified with carbon dots with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2226-2237. [PMID: 37056612 PMCID: PMC10089113 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00886f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Incorrect discharge of dye wastewater will cause environment pollution and be very harmful to human health. Visible-light photocatalysis over large-scale synthesized semiconductor materials can become one of the feasible solutions for the practical application of purifying dye wastewater. As a new candidate, carbon dots (CDs) with unique fluorescence were fabricated on a tens of grams scale and then further applied to the kilogram-scale synthesis of a CDs/TiO2 composite by one-step heat treatment. Compared with single TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), the CDs/TiO2 composite with a large specific surface area exhibits enhanced photo-degradation performance for methyl orange (MO). This phenomenon can be attributed to the loading of CDs in the TiO2 NPs, which is conducive to broadening the light absorption spectrum and improving absorption intensity, narrowing the band gap, charge carrier trapping, up-converting properties, and charge separation. The kilogram-scale synthesis of the CDs/TiO2 photocatalyst does not affect the morphology, structure, optical properties and photocatalytic performance of the composite, which opens up a new avenue to construct elaborate heterostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance using visible light as the light source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Zhejiang 312000 P. R. China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Zhejiang 312000 P. R. China
| | - Feifei Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Zhejiang 312000 P. R. China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Zhejiang 312000 P. R. China
| | - Pingan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Zhejiang 312000 P. R. China
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Li S, Zhang J, Cao Y, Yang Y, Xie T, Lin Y. Visible light assisted heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B based on the Co-POM/N-TiO2 composites: Catalyst properties, photogenerated carrier transfer and degradation mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sendão RMS, Esteves da Silva JCG, Pinto da Silva L. Photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical water pollutants by TiO 2 - Carbon dots nanocomposites: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134731. [PMID: 35489458 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are becoming increasingly more relevant water contaminants, with photocatalysts (such as TiO2) being a promising approach to remove these compounds from water. However, TiO2 has poor sunlight-harvesting capacity, low photonic efficiency, and poor adsorption towards organic pollutants. One of the emerging strategies to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 is by conjugating it with fluorescent carbon dots. Herein, we performed a critical review of the development of TiO2 - carbon dots nanocomposites for the photocatalytic removal of pharmaceuticals. We found that carbon dots can improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the resulting nanocomposites, mostly due to increasing the adsorption of organic pollutants and enhancing the absorption in the visible range. However, while this approach shows significant promise, we also identified and discussed several aspects that need to be addressed before this strategy could be more widely used. We hope that this review can guide future studies aiming to the development of enhanced photocatalytic TiO2 - carbon dots nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M S Sendão
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C G Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
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Jung H, Sapner VS, Adhikari A, Sathe BR, Patel R. Recent Progress on Carbon Quantum Dots Based Photocatalysis. Front Chem 2022; 10:881495. [PMID: 35548671 PMCID: PMC9081694 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.881495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel carbon allotrope, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been investigated in various fields, including photocatalysis, bioimaging, optoelectronics, energy and photovoltaic devices, biosensing, and drug delivery owing to their unique optical and electronic properties. In particular, CQDs' excellent sunlight harvesting ability, tunable photoluminescence (PL), up-conversion photoluminescence (UCPL), and efficient photo-excited electron transfer have enabled their applications in photocatalysis. This work focuses on the recent progress on CQDs-related materials' synthesis, properties, and applications in photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwapyung Jung
- Nano Science and Engineering, Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Vijay S. Sapner
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Bhaskar R. Sathe
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Bhaskar R. Sathe, ; Rajkumar Patel,
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea,*Correspondence: Bhaskar R. Sathe, ; Rajkumar Patel,
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Facile synthesis of quantum dots/TiO2 photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic activity: the effect of carbon nitride quantum dots and N-doped carbon dots. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wang L, Zuo N, Sun M, Ma Y, Mominou N, Jiang W, Li S, Jing C. Deep desulfurization and denitrogenation of diesel fuel over Ir/Pr-N-CQDs-TiO2 under ultraviolet radiation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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WITHDRAWN: Visible light assisted heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B based on the Co-POM/N-TiO2 composites: Catalyst properties, photogenerated carrier transfer and degradation mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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