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Huang F, Bai Y, Gu X, Kang S, Yang Y, Wang K. A Novel Fracturing Fluid Based on Functionally Modified Nano-Silica-Enhanced Hydroxypropyl Guar Gel. Gels 2024; 10:369. [PMID: 38920916 PMCID: PMC11203310 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the damage caused by conventional fracturing fluid in low-permeability reservoirs, a novel fracturing fluid (FNG) combining hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) and functionally modified nano-silica (FMNS) was prepared. The properties of heat/shear resistance, rheological property, proppant transportation, and formation damage were evaluated with systematic experiments. The results showed that the viscosities of FNG before and after the heat/resistance were 1323 mPa·s and 463 mPa·s, respectively, while that of conventional HPG gel was 350 mPa·s. FNG is a pseudoplastic strong gel with a yield stress of 12.9 Pa, a flow behavior index of 0.54, an elastic modulus of 16.2 Pa, and a viscous modulus of 6.2 Pa. As the proportions of proppant mass in further sections transported with FNG were higher than those transported with HPG gel, FNG could transport the proppant better than HPG gel at high temperatures. Because of the amphiphilic characteristics of FMNS, the surface/interface properties were improved by the FNG filtrate, resulting in a lower oil permeability loss rate of 10 percentage points in the matrix than with the filtrated HPG gel. Due to the considerable residual gel in broken HPG gel, the retained conductivity damaged with broken FNG was 9.5 percentage points higher than that damaged with broken HPG gel. FNG shows good potential for reducing formation damage during fracturing in low-permeability reservoirs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Huang
- School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Shaofei Kang
- School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yandong Yang
- School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
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Zhao C, Huang J, Yang Z, Huang Z, Li C, Li H, Wu Z, Zhang X, Qin X, Yao S, Ruan M. An energy-efficient solution to sludge drying and combustion process through Camellia oleifera shells amended foaming. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120400. [PMID: 38417358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Foaming pretreatment has been proven effective in promoting sludge drying, however, the variation in sludge properties significantly influences the foaming efficiency. Inspired by foam stabilizer of solid particles, Camellia oleifera shells (COS) was screened out from various biomasses as an additive incorporated with the CaO for promoting the sludge foaming. For the introduction of COS, this study analyzed the drying behaviors of foamed sludge, quantified the surface cracks information, characterized the combustion performance, and evaluated the energy consumption. The results indicated that 46.72-50.10% of time could be saved in foaming the sludge to 0.70 g/mL by addition of 3.0 wt% COS. Compared with the original sludge (OS), the 0.70 g/mL foamed sludge saved 47.43% of time for sludge drying at 80 °C, and this value further increased to 53.14% with 3.0 wt% COS addition. Combining the multifractal spectra and drying kinetics analysis, the foaming promoted the formation of complex surface cracks in the warm-up period, while COS further improved the complexity of cracks in the constant rate period, and the shrinkage of isolated sludge blocks in the falling rate period, thus enhanced the moisture diffusion and heat transfer. Furthermore, the appropriate porous structure and additional volatile matters promoted the combustion performance. The 0.90 g/mL foamed sludge with COS presented the lowest activation energy of 180.362 kJ/mol in combustion. Overall, compared with OS, the 0.70 g/mL foamed sludge with COS saved 40.65% energy consumption during the foaming, drying and combustion processes, providing an energy-efficient solution for the sludge treatment and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410076, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhongliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Changzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Zijian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Shirong Yao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410076, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Min Ruan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410076, PR China.
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Bai Y, Pu C, Li X, Huang F, Liu S, Liang L, Liu J. Performance evaluation and mechanism study of a functionalized silica nanofluid for enhanced oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Krizhanovskiy I, Temnikov M, Kononevich Y, Anisimov A, Drozdov F, Muzafarov A. The Use of the Thiol-Ene Addition Click Reaction in the Chemistry of Organosilicon Compounds: An Alternative or a Supplement to the Classical Hydrosilylation? Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153079. [PMID: 35956590 PMCID: PMC9370781 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents the main achievements in the use of the thiol-ene reaction in the chemistry of silicones. Works are considered, starting from monomers and ending with materials.The main advantages and disadvantages of this reaction are demonstrated using various examples. A critical analysis of the use of this reaction is made in comparison with the hydrosilylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Krizhanovskiy
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Maxim Temnikov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuriy Kononevich
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Anton Anisimov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Fedor Drozdov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
| | - Aziz Muzafarov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
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