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Zhang G, Wu W, Yao M, Cui Y, Jiao Y, Qu H, Xu J. A graphene@Cu-MOF hybrid synthesized by mechanical ball milling method and its flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect on EP. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140521. [PMID: 37925028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The traditional method of preparing graphene will cause serious environmental pollution, and the combustion of polymer materials will seriously harm people's health. In this paper, a Cu-MOF-coated graphene composite flame retardant (G@Cu-MOF) rich in flame retardant elements such as B and N was synthesized through green mechanical ball milling method. Flame retardants reduce the threat to the environment and people's lives and property. After adding 6 wt% G@Cu-MOF, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, CO production and CO2 production of epoxy resin (EP) composite samples decreased by 55, 14, 59, and 55%, respectively. This type of Cu-MOF releases incombustible gases such as boron trifluoride (BF3) and ammonia (NH3) during combustion, diluting the concentration of combustible gases and producing copper borate in the condensed phase. Cu2+ is reduced to Cu, and boron compounds are converted into boron oxides. The thermal conductivity of graphene can reduce the temperature of the matrix, and has good flame retardancy. It synergistically acts with Cu-MOF to promote the formation of high-quality residual char, and can significantly inhibit the heat and smoke release of EP. It plays a role in flame retardancy and protecting the substrate from fire. This study provides a new approach for preparing graphene hybrid flame retardants through mechanical ball milling, in order to improve the flame retardancy of EP and suppress the release of smoke and toxic gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Weihong Wu
- College of Science, Agriculture University of Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Meng Yao
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yumeng Cui
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yunhong Jiao
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Hongqiang Qu
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
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Liu HL, Zhang Y, Lv XX, Cui MS, Cui KP, Dai ZL, Wang B, Weerasooriya R, Chen X. Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3116. [PMID: 38133013 PMCID: PMC10745632 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a widely used antibiotic to treat bacterial infections prevalent among humans and animals. SMX undergoes several transformation pathways in living organisms and external environments. Therefore, the development of efficient remediation methods for treating SMX and its metabolites is needed. We fabricated a photo-Fenton catalyst using an UIO-66 (Zr) metal-organic framework (MOF) dispersed in diatomite by a single-step solvothermal method for hydroxylation (HO-UIO-66). The HO-UIO-66-0/DE-assisted Fenton-like process degraded SMX with 94.7% efficiency; however, HO-UIO-66 (Zr) is not stable. We improved the stability of the catalyst by introducing a calcination step. The calcination temperature is critical to improving the catalytic efficiency of the composite (for example, designated as HO-UIO-66/DE-300 to denote hydroxylated UIO-66 dispersed in diatomite calcined at 300 °C). The degradation of SMX by HO-UIO-66/DE-300 was 93.8% in 120 min with 4 mmol/L H2O2 at pH 3 under visible light radiation. The O1s XPS signatures signify the stability of the catalyst after repeated use for SMX degradation. The electron spin resonance spectral data suggest the role of h+, •OH, •O2-, and 1O2 in SMX degradation routes. The HO-UIO-66/DE-300-assisted Fenton-like process shows potential in degrading pharmaceutical products present in water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Xin-Xin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Min-Shu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Kang-Ping Cui
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Zheng-Liang Dai
- Anqing Changhong Chemical Co., Ltd., Anqing 246002, China; (Z.-L.D.); (B.W.)
| | - Bei Wang
- Anqing Changhong Chemical Co., Ltd., Anqing 246002, China; (Z.-L.D.); (B.W.)
| | - Rohan Weerasooriya
- Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
- National Centre for Water Quality Research, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
| | - Xing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (H.-L.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (M.-S.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
- National Centre for Water Quality Research, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
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Feng X, Lin X, Deng K, Yang H, Yan C. Facile Ball Milling Preparation of Flame-Retardant Polymer Materials: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:5090. [PMID: 37446752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To meet the growing needs of public safety and sustainable development, it is highly desirable to develop flame-retardant polymer materials using a facile and low-cost method. Although conventional solution chemical synthesis has proven to be an efficient way of developing flame retardants, it often requires organic solvents and a complicated separation process. In this review, we summarize the progress made in utilizing simple ball milling (an important type of mechanochemical approach) to fabricate flame retardants and flame-retardant polymer composites. To elaborate, we first present a basic introduction to ball milling, and its crushing, exfoliating, modifying, and reacting actions, as used in the development of high-performance flame retardants. Then, we report the mixing action of ball milling, as used in the preparation of flame-retardant polymer composites, especially in the formation of multifunctional segregated structures. Hopefully, this review will provide a reference for the study of developing flame-retardant polymer materials in a facile and feasible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaming Feng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Kaiwen Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
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Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang G, Liu Y, Gao C. Preparation and properties of flame retardant biobased polyamide elastomer with shape memory. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yuetao Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chuanhui Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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The designation of highly efficient intrinsic fame-retarding epoxy materials via the regulation of the phosphorus and nitrogen content for the curing agents. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Composites Filled with Metal Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives: Recent Developments in Flame Retardants. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235279. [PMID: 36501673 PMCID: PMC9740387 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer matrix is vulnerable to fire hazards and needs to add flame retardants to enhance its performance and make its application scenarios more extensive. At this stage, it is more necessary to add multiple flame-retardant elements and build a multi-component synergistic system. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been studied for nearly three decades since their introduction. MOFs are known for their structural advantages but have only been applied to flame-retardant polymers for a relatively short period of time. In this paper, we review the development of MOFs utilized as flame retardants and analyze the flame-retardant mechanisms in the gas phase and condensed phase from the original MOF materials, modified MOF composites, and MOF-derived composites as flame retardants, respectively. The effects of carbon-based materials, phosphorus-based materials, nitrogen-based materials, and biomass on the flame-retardant properties of polymers are discussed in the context of MOFs. The construction of MOF multi-structured flame retardants is also introduced, and a variety of MOF-based flame retardants with different morphologies are shown to broaden the ideas for subsequent research.
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Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-containing melamine cyanurate derivative to enhance the fire resistance and mechanical properties of epoxy resin. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hu WJ, Li YM, Hu SL, Li YR, Wang DY. The design of the nano-container to store the highly efficient flame retardants toward the enhancement of flame retardancy and smoke suppression for the unsaturated polyester resins. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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