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Cao C, Zhou P, Wang J, Liu M, Wang P, Qi Y, Zhang T. Ultrahigh sensitive and rapid-response self-powered flexible pressure sensor based on sandwiched piezoelectric composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 664:902-915. [PMID: 38493655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Flexible sensors and actuators are the basis for realizing the Internet of Everything. This study identifies specific interfacial polarization and filler dispersion challenges in flexible sensors. A novel sandwich-structured flexible sensor with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-filled Nb2CTx as the interlayer and poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)]-filled barium titanate (BTO) as the upper and lower layers was designed and fabricated. The thickness of the interlayer was optimized to be 6.2 μm, resulting in an ultrahigh sensitivity of 16.05 V/N and ultrashort response time of 626 μs. The interlayer achieved an oriented arrangement of the dipoles in the upper and lower piezoelectric films through interfacial polarization, enhancing the piezoelectric output and sensitivity. The proposed mechanism was confirmed by the dielectric properties, local piezoelectric response, cross-sectional potential simulation, and interfacial electrical calculations. Additionally, the sensor effectively distinguishes various body movements, facial micro-expressions, and throat vibrations during vocalization, and can be applied to ultrahigh-sensitive self-powered flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Jianqiao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Miaoxuan Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yajun Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Tianjin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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Lai QT, Zhao XH, Sun QJ, Tang Z, Tang XG, Roy VAL. Emerging MXene-Based Flexible Tactile Sensors for Health Monitoring and Haptic Perception. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300283. [PMID: 36965088 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to their potential applications in physiological monitoring, diagnosis, human prosthetics, haptic perception, and human-machine interaction, flexible tactile sensors have attracted wide research interest in recent years. Thanks to the advances in material engineering, high performance flexible tactile sensors have been obtained. Among the representative pressure sensing materials, 2D layered nanomaterials have many properties that are superior to those of bulk nanomaterials and are more suitable for high performance flexible sensors. As a class of 2D inorganic compounds in materials science, MXene has excellent electrical, mechanical, and biological compatibility. MXene-based composites have proven to be promising candidates for flexible tactile sensors due to their excellent stretchability and metallic conductivity. Therefore, great efforts have been devoted to the development of MXene-based composites for flexible sensor applications. In this paper, the controllable preparation and characterization of MXene are introduced. Then, the recent progresses on fabrication strategies, operating mechanisms, and device performance of MXene composite-based flexible tactile sensors, including flexible piezoresistive sensors, capacitive sensors, piezoelectric sensors, triboelectric sensors are reviewed. After that, the applications of MXene material-based flexible electronics in human motion monitoring, healthcare, prosthetics, and artificial intelligence are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for MXene-based tactile sensors are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Teng Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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Shi Q, He S, He Y, Wu Y, Liu R. Enhanced the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of polyacrylonitrile piezoelectric composite fibers filled with ionic liquids. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qisong Shi
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Shifeng He
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Yongqing He
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Ruofan Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
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Lai QT, Sun QJ, Tang Z, Tang XG, Zhao XH. Conjugated Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for Pressure Sensors. Molecules 2023; 28:1627. [PMID: 36838615 PMCID: PMC9964060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible sensors are the essential foundations of pressure sensing, microcomputer sensing systems, and wearable devices. The flexible tactile sensor can sense stimuli by converting external forces into electrical signals. The electrical signals are transmitted to a computer processing system for analysis, realizing real-time health monitoring and human motion detection. According to the working mechanism, tactile sensors are mainly divided into four types-piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric tactile sensors. Conventional silicon-based tactile sensors are often inadequate for flexible electronics due to their limited mechanical flexibility. In comparison, polymeric nanocomposites are flexible and stretchable, which makes them excellent candidates for flexible and wearable tactile sensors. Among the promising polymers, conjugated polymers (CPs), due to their unique chemical structures and electronic properties that contribute to their high electrical and mechanical conductivity, show great potential for flexible sensors and wearable devices. In this paper, we first introduce the parameters of pressure sensors. Then, we describe the operating principles of resistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric sensors, and review the pressure sensors based on conjugated polymer nanocomposites that were reported in recent years. After that, we introduce the performance characteristics of flexible sensors, regarding their applications in healthcare, human motion monitoring, electronic skin, wearable devices, and artificial intelligence. In addition, we summarize and compare the performances of conjugated polymer nanocomposite-based pressure sensors that were reported in recent years. Finally, we summarize the challenges and future directions of conjugated polymer nanocomposite-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Teng Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511400, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 518060, China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518060, China
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AC/DC dual-type pressure and movement sensor based on the nanoresistance network. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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A Flexible Multifunctional PAN Piezoelectric Fiber with Hydrophobicity, Energy Storage, and Fluorescence. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214573. [PMID: 36365567 PMCID: PMC9657933 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lightweight, flexible, and hydrophobic multifunctional piezoelectric sensors have increasingly important research value in contemporary society. They can generate electrical signals under the action of pressure and can be applied in various complex scenarios. In this study, we prepared a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite fiber doped with imidazolium type ionic liquids (ILs) and europium nitrate hexahydrate (Eu (NO3)3·6H2O) by a facile method. The results show that the PAN composite fibers had excellent mechanical properties (the elongation at break was 114% and the elastic modulus was 2.98 MPa), hydrophobic self-cleaning ability (water contact angle reached 127.99°), and can also emit light under UV light irradiation red fluorescence. In addition, thanks to the induction of the piezoelectric phase of PAN by the dual fillers, the composite fibers exhibited efficient energy storage capacity and excellent sensitivity. The energy density of PAN@Eu-6ILs reached a maximum of 44.02 mJ/cm3 and had an energy storage efficiency of 80%. More importantly, under low pressure detection, the sensitivity of the composite fiber was 0.69 kPa−1. The research results show that this PAN composite fiber has the potential to act as wearable piezoelectric devices, energy storage devices, and other electronic devices.
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Enhanced piezoelectricity in polyvinyl chloride film plasticized by diethyl adipate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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