1
|
Levin N, Hendler-Neumark A, Kamber D, Bisker G. Enhanced cellular internalization of near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes facilitated by a transfection reagent. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 664:650-666. [PMID: 38490040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) hold immense potential for diverse biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and optical properties, including near-infrared fluorescence. Specifically, SWCNTs have been utilized to target cells as a vehicle for drug delivery and gene therapy, and as sensors for various intracellular biomarkers. While the main internalization route of SWCNTs into cells is endocytosis, methods for enhancing the cellular uptake of SWCNTs are of great importance. In this research, we demonstrate the use of a transfecting reagent for promoting cell internalization of functionalized SWCNTs. We explore different types of SWCNT functionalization, namely single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipids, and two different cell types, embryonic kidney cells and adenocarcinoma cells. We show that internalizing PEGylated functionalized SWCNTs is enhanced in the presence of the transfecting reagent, where the effect is more pronounced for negatively charged PEG-lipid. However, ssDNA-SWCNTs tend to form aggregates in the presence of the transfecting reagent, rendering it unsuitable for promoting internalization. For all cases, cellular uptake is visualized by near-infrared fluorescence microscopy, showing that the SWCNTs are typically localized within the lysosome. Generally, cellular internalization was higher in the adenocarcinoma cells, thereby paving new avenues for drug delivery and sensing in malignant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naamah Levin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Hendler-Neumark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dotan Kamber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gili Bisker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kitamura M, Umemura K. Hybridization of papain molecules and DNA-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes evaluated by atomic force microscopy in fluids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4833. [PMID: 36964258 PMCID: PMC10039081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although various conjugates of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and biomolecules, such as nanobiosensors and nanobiodevices, have been reported, the conjugation of papain and SWNTs have not been reported because of the formation of unexpected aggregates. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) in liquid was used to investigate the interactions between papain and DNA-wrapped SWNTs (DNA-SWNTs) at two different pH values (pH 3.0 and 10.5). The direct AFM observation of the mixture of papain and DNA-SWNTs confirmed the aggregation of papain molecules with DNA-SWNTs in the buffer solutions. The numerous and non-uniform adsorption of papain molecules onto DNA-SWNTs was more pronounced at pH 3.0 than that at pH 10.5. Furthermore, thick conjugates appeared when papain and DNA-SWNTs were simultaneously mixed. The near-infrared photoluminescence spectra of the SWNTs drastically changed when the papain molecules were injected into the DNA-SWNT suspension at pH 3.0. Thus, the regulation of electrostatic interactions is a key aspect in preparing optimal conjugates of papain and DNA-SWNTs. Furthermore, although previous papers reported AFM images of dried samples, this study demonstrates the potential of AFM in liquid in evaluating individual bioconjugates of SWNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kitamura
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, 1628601, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Umemura
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, 1628601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hirayama K, Kitamura M, Hamano R, Umemura K. Stable Near-Infrared Photoluminescence of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Dispersed Using a Coconut-Based Natural Detergent. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30708-30715. [PMID: 34805698 PMCID: PMC8603184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We prepared single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) suspensions in phosphate buffer solutions containing 1% of a coconut-based natural detergent (COCO) or 1% of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The suspensions exhibited strong photoluminescence (PL) in the near-infrared region, suggesting that the SWNTs, such as those with (9, 4) and (7, 6) chiralities, were monodispersed. Upon diluting the suspensions with a detergent-free phosphate buffer solution, the PL intensity of the SDS-containing SWNT suspension was significantly lower than that of the COCO-containing SWNT suspension. The COCO-containing SWNT suspension was more stable than the SDS-containing SWNT suspension. The SWNT concentration of the suspensions prepared via bath-type sonication was lower than that of the suspensions prepared via probe-type sonication. However, near-infrared (NIR) PL intensity of the SWNT suspensions prepared via bath-type sonication was much higher than that of the SWNT suspensions prepared via probe-type sonication regardless of the detergent. This suggested that the fraction of monodispersed SWNTs of the suspensions prepared via bath-type sonication was larger than that of the suspensions prepared via probe-type sonication, although the SWNT concentration was low. Our results indicated that COCO favored the fabrication of SWNT suspensions with stable and strong NIR PL, which are useful for various biological applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng Y, Weight BM, Jones AC, Chandrasekaran V, Gifford BJ, Tretiak S, Doorn SK, Htoon H. Photoluminescence Dynamics Defined by Exciton Trapping Potential of Coupled Defect States in DNA-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:923-933. [PMID: 33395262 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions between semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) achieve spatially patterned covalent functionalization sites and create coupled fluorescent quantum defects on the nanotube surface, tailoring SWCNT photophysics for applications such as single-photon emitters in quantum information technologies. The evaluation of relaxation dynamics of photoluminescence (PL) from those coupled quantum defects is essential for understanding the nanotube electronic structure and beneficial to the design of quantum light emitters. Here, we measured the PL decay for ssDNA-functionalized SWCNTs as a function of the guanine content of the ssDNA oligo that dictates the red-shifting of their PL emission peaks relative to the band-edge exciton. We then correlate the observed dependence of PL decay dynamics on energy red-shifts to the exciton potential energy landscape, which is modeled using first-principles approaches based upon the morphology of ssDNA-altered SWCNTs obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. Our simulations illustrate that the multiple guanine defects introduced within a single ssDNA strand strongly interact to create a deep exciton trapping well, acting as a single hybrid trap. The emission decay from the distinctive trapping potential landscape is found to be biexponential for ssDNA-modified SWCNTs. We attributed the fast time component of the biexponential PL decay to the redistribution of exciton population among the lowest energy bright states and a manifold of dark states emerging from the coupling of multiple guanine defects. The long lifetime component in the biexponential decay, on the other hand, is attributed to the redistribution of exciton population among different exciton trapping sites that arise from the binding of multiple ssDNA strands along the nanotube axis. AFM measurements indicate that those trapping sites are separated on average by ∼8 nm along the nanotube axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Braden M Weight
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim KI, Yoon S, Chang J, Lee S, Cho HH, Jeong SH, Jo K, Lee JH. Multifunctional Heterogeneous Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites Assembled by DNA-Binding Peptide Anchors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1905821. [PMID: 31898870 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are remarkable materials with many exceptional characteristics, their poor chemical functionality limits their potential applications. Herein, a strategy is proposed for functionalizing CNTs, which can be achieved with any functional group (FG) without degrading their intrinsic structure by using a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding peptide (DBP) anchor. By employing a DBP tagged with a certain FG, such as thiol, biotin, and carboxyl acid, it is possible to introduce any FG with a controlled density on DNA-wrapped CNTs. Additionally, different types of FGs can be introduced on CNTs simultaneously, using DBPs tagged with different FGs. This method can be used to prepare CNT nanocomposites containing different types of nanoparticles (NPs), such as Au NPs, magnetic NPs, and quantum dots. The CNT nanocomposites decorated with these NPs can be used as reusable catalase-like nanocomposites with exceptional catalytic activities, owing to the synergistic effects of all the components. Additionally, the unique DBP-DNA interaction allows the on-demand detachment of the NPs attached to the CNT surface; further, it facilitates a CNT chirality-specific NP attachment and separation using the sequence-specific programmable characteristics of oligonucleotides. The proposed method provides a novel chemistry platform for constructing new functional CNTs suitable for diverse applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Il Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokyoung Yoon
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuck Chang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Hun Cho
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hwan Jeong
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubong Jo
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Heon Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toshimitsu F, Ishimaru W, Nakashima N. Individual Solubilization Behavior of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) in Water and Its Analyses Using Regression Approach and Computational Simulations. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyuki Toshimitsu
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Wataru Ishimaru
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakashima
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gong X, Park M, Parviz D, Silmore KS, Gordiichuk P, Lew TTS, Strano MS. Single-Particle Tracking for Understanding Polydisperse Nanoparticle Dispersions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901468. [PMID: 31338962 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal dispersions of nanomaterials are often polydisperse in size, significantly complicating their characterization. This is particularly true for materials early in their historical development due to synthetic control, dispersion efficiency, and instability during storage. Because a wide range of system properties and technological applications depend on particle dimensions, it remains an important problem in nanotechnology to identify a method for the routine characterization of polydispersity in nanoparticle samples, especially changes over time. Commonly employed methods such as dynamic light scattering or analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) accurately estimate only the first moment of the distribution or are not routine. In this work, the use of single-particle tracking (SPT) to probe size distributions of common nanoparticle dispersions, including polystyrene nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, chitosan-tripolyphosphate, acrylate, hexagonal boron nitride, and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), is proposed and explored. The analysis of particle tracks is conducted using a newly developed Bayesian algorithm that is called Maximum A posteriori Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. By combining SPT and AUC techniques, it is shown that it is possible to independently estimate the mean aspect ratio of anisotropic particles, an important characterization property. It is concluded that SPT provides a facile, rapid analytical method for routine nanomaterials characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Minkyung Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kevin S Silmore
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Pavlo Gordiichuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tedrick Thomas Salim Lew
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 66-570b, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Safaee MM, Gravely M, Rocchio C, Simmeth M, Roxbury D. DNA Sequence Mediates Apparent Length Distribution in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:2225-2233. [PMID: 30575397 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized with short single-stranded DNA have been extensively studied within the last decade for biomedical applications due to the high dispersion efficiency and intrinsic biocompatibility of DNA as well as the photostable and tunable fluorescence of SWCNTs. Characterization of their physical properties, particularly their length distribution, is of great importance regarding their application as a bioengineered research tool and clinical diagnostic agent. Conventionally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to quantify the length of DNA-SWCNTs by depositing the hybrids onto an electrostatically charged flat surface. Here, we demonstrate that hybrids of DNA-SWCNTs with different oligomeric DNA sequences ((GT)6 and (GT)30) differentially deposit on the AFM substrate, resulting in significant inaccuracies in the reported length distributions of the parent solutions. Using a solution-based surfactant exchange technique, we placed both samples into a common surfactant wrapping and found identical SWCNT length distributions upon surface deposition. Additionally, by spin-coating the surfactant-wrapped SWCNTs onto a substrate, thus mitigating effects of electrostatic interactions, we found length distributions that did not depend on DNA sequence but were significantly longer than electrostatic deposition methods, illuminating the inherent bias of the surface deposition method. Quantifying the coverage of DNA molecules on each SWCNT through both absorbance spectroscopy and direct observation, we found that the density of DNA per SWCNT was significantly higher in short (GT)6-SWCNTs (length < 100 nm) compared to long (GT)6-SWCNTs (length > 100 nm). In contrast, we found no dependence of the DNA density on SWCNT length in (GT)30-SWCNT hybrids. Thus, we attribute differences in the observed length distributions of DNA-SWCNTs to variations in electrostatic repulsion induced by sequence-dependent DNA density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moein Safaee
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States
| | - Mitchell Gravely
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States
| | - Caroline Rocchio
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States
| | - Matthew Simmeth
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States
| | - Daniel Roxbury
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Umemura K, Sato S. Scanning Techniques for Nanobioconjugates of Carbon Nanotubes. SCANNING 2018; 2018:6254692. [PMID: 30008981 PMCID: PMC6020491 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6254692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanobioconjugates using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive and promising hybrid materials. Various biological applications using the CNT nanobioconjugates, for example, drug delivery systems and nanobiosensors, have been proposed by many authors. Scanning techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have advantages to characterize the CNT nanobioconjugates under various conditions, for example, isolated conjugates, conjugates in thin films, and conjugates in living cells. In this review article, almost 300 papers are categorized based on types of CNT applications, and various scanning data are introduced to illuminate merits of scanning techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Umemura
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| | - Shizuma Sato
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen J, Liu B, Gao X, Xu D. A review of the interfacial characteristics of polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28048-28085. [PMID: 35542749 PMCID: PMC9083916 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of recent advances in research on the interfacial characteristics of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites. The state of knowledge about the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes as well as the interaction at the interface between the carbon nanotube and the polymer matrix is presented. The primary focus of this paper is on identifying the fundamental relationship between nanocomposite properties and interfacial characteristics. The progress, remaining challenges, and future directions of research are discussed. The latest developments of both microscopy and scattering techniques are reviewed, and their respective strengths and limitations are briefly discussed. The main methods available for the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes are summarized, and particular interest is given to evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. The critical issues related to the interaction at the interface are discussed, and the important techniques for improving the properties of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites are introduced. Additionally, the mechanism responsible for the interfacial interaction at the molecular level is briefly described. Furthermore, the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposites are discussed separately, and their influencing factors are briefly introduced. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities for efficiently translating the remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes to polymer matrices are summarized in the hopes of facilitating the development of this emerging area. Potential topics of oncoming focus are highlighted, and several suggestions concerning future research needs are also presented. The state of research on the characteristics at the interface in polymer nanocomposites is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the recent advances in the fundamental relationship between interfacial characteristics and nanocomposite properties.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Baofang Liu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Xuhui Gao
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Deguang Xu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Using a fluorescence quenching method to detect DNA adsorption onto single-walled carbon nanotube surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:201-206. [PMID: 28934663 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with DNA molecules has attracted much attention in recent years to increase SWNT solubility and make various SWNT-based nanobiodevices. Therefore, there is a critical need to quantify the interaction between DNA molecules and SWNT surfaces, particularly the intermediate structures during DNA adsorption. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to detect the adsorption of DNA oligomers on SWNT surfaces by fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescein-labelled, 30mer, thymine oligonucleotides (F-T30) were employed as a fluorescent probe to study the interaction of DNA with SWNTs. A clear quenching effect was observed when F-T30 was adsorbed onto SWNT surfaces. Using this method, the amount of DNA adsorbed onto the SWNT surfaces was measured under different sonication conditions to correlate adsorption efficiency with sonication strength and duration. When a bath-type sonicator was used, mild adsorption of F-T30 on SWNT surfaces was observed. Furthermore, a two-step adsorption was observed in this condition. In contrast, we observed rapid adsorption of F-T30 to SWNT surfaces at the higher sonication amplitude (60% maximal) using a probe-type sonicator, while only slight adsorption of DNA molecules was observed at the lower amplitude (20% maximal). Our data revealed that the quenching effect can be used to evaluate DNA adsorption onto SWNT surfaces. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) were conducted to provide complementary information on the DNA-SWNT nanoconjugates.
Collapse
|
12
|
Handschuh-Wang S, Wang T, Zhou X. Recent advances in hybrid measurement methods based on atomic force microscopy and surface sensitive measurement techniques. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08515j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summaries the recent progress of the combination of optical and non-optical surface sensitive techniques with the atomic force microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Umemura K, Izumi K, Oura S. Probe Microscopic Studies of DNA Molecules on Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6100180. [PMID: 28335308 PMCID: PMC5245195 DOI: 10.3390/nano6100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hybrids of DNA and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nanobioconjugates for nanobiosensors, carriers for drug delivery, and other biological applications. In this review, nanoscopic characterization of DNA-CNT hybrids, in particular, characterization by scanning probe microscopy (SPM), is summarized. In many studies, topographical imaging by atomic force microscopy has been performed. However, some researchers have demonstrated advanced SPM operations in order to maximize its unique and valuable functions. Such sophisticated approaches are attractive and will have a significant impact on future studies of DNA-CNT hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Umemura
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Katsuki Izumi
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Shusuke Oura
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|