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Nifant'ev IE, Tavtorkin AN, Ryndyk MP, Gavrilov DE, Lukina YS, Bionyshev-Abramov LL, Serejnikova NB, Smolentsev DV, Ivchenko PV. Crystalline Micro-Sized Carbonated Apatites: Chemical Anisotropy of the Crystallite Surfaces, Biocompatibility, Osteoconductivity, and Osteoinductive Effect Enhanced by Poly(ethylene phosphoric acid). ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5067-5077. [PMID: 37943148 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbonated hydroxyapatites (CAp) are very close to natural bone apatite in chemical composition and are regarded as a prospective bone mineral substitute for bone surgery and orthopedics. However, until now, the studies and applications of CAp were limited because of the amorphous nature of the synthetic CAp. In the present work, microsized highly crystalline carbonated apatites with uniform hexagonal (hCAp) or platelike (pCAp) morphology have been studied for the first time in vitro and in vivo, comparing against commercial hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcuim phosphate (βTCP). In vitro experiments on dissolution of those calcium phosphate ceramics (CPCs) in acetate (pH 5.5) and Tris (pH 7.3) buffer solutions showed the following rank order of the dissolution rates: βTCP > hCAp > pCAp > HAp. The higher dissolution rate of hCAp in comparison with pCAp is explained by chemical anisotropy of the crystallite surfaces, which was proven by SEM studies of the changes in the morphology of hCAp and pCAp crystallites during hydrolysis. A 5-week experiment on subcutaneous implantation of CPC species showed the following rank order of bioresorption rates: βTCP > pCAp > hCAp > HAp. pCAp matrixes exhibited the highest biocompatibility, confirmed by histomorphological analysis. Three-month bone regeneration experiments involving a rat tibial defect model were conducted with 250-500 μm granules of pCAp and pCAp-PEPA [pCAp, pretreated with 2 wt % poly(ethylene phosphoric acid)]. Notably, pCAp-PEPA implants were resorbed at higher rates and induced the formation of more mature osseous tissue, a compact bone with Haversian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya st. 20, 101100 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Tavtorkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Maria P Ryndyk
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya st. 20, 101100 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E Gavrilov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia S Lukina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova st. 10, 127299 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Faculty of Digital Technologies and Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid L Bionyshev-Abramov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova st. 10, 127299 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya B Serejnikova
- N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova st. 10, 127299 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya st. 8, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitriiy V Smolentsev
- N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova st. 10, 127299 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Nifant'ev I, Tavtorkin A, Komarov P, Kretov E, Korchagina S, Chinova M, Gavrilov D, Ivchenko P. Dispersant and Protective Roles of Amphiphilic Poly(ethylene phosphate) Block Copolymers in Polyester/Bone Mineral Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11175. [PMID: 37446347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Composites of synthetic bone mineral substitutes (BMS) and biodegradable polyesters are of particular interest for bone surgery and orthopedics. Manufacturing of composite scaffolds commonly uses mixing of the BMS with polymer melts. Melt processing requires a high homogeneity of the mixing, and is complicated by BMS-promoted thermal degradation of polymers. In our work, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composites reinforced by commercial β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) or synthesized carbonated hydroxyapatite with hexagonal and plate-like crystallite shapes (hCAp and pCAp, respectively) were fabricated using injection molding. pCAp-based composites showed advanced mechanical and thermal characteristics, and the best set of mechanical characteristics was observed for the PLLA-based composite containing 25 wt% of pCAp. To achieve compatibility of polyesters and pCAp, reactive block copolymers of PLLA or PCL with poly(tert-butyl ethylene phosphate) (C1 and C2, respectively) were introduced to the composite. The formation of a polyester-b-poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) (PEPA) compatibilizer during composite preparation, followed by chemical binding of PEPA with pCAp, have been proved experimentally. The presence of 5 wt% of the compatibilizer provided deeper homogenization of the composite, resulting in a marked increase in strength and moduli as well as a more pronounced nucleation effect during isothermal crystallization. The use of C1 increased the thermal stability of the PLLA-based composite, containing 25 wt% of pCAp. In view of positive impacts of polyester-b-PEPA on composite homogeneity, mechanical characteristics, and thermal stability, polyester-b-PEPA will find application in the further development of composite materials for bone surgery and orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya St. 20, 101100 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Tavtorkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Komarov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Kretov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya St. 20, 101100 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofia Korchagina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Chinova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Gavrilov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Design, Synthesis and Actual Applications of the Polymers Containing Acidic P-OH Fragments: Part 1. Polyphosphodiesters. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314857. [PMID: 36499185 PMCID: PMC9738169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among natural and synthetic polymers, main-chain phosphorus-containing polyacids (PCPAs) (polyphosphodiesters), stand in a unique position at the intersection of chemistry, physics, biology and medicine. The structural similarity of polyphosphodiesters PCPAs to natural nucleic and teichoic acids, their biocompatibility, mimicking to biomolecules providing the 'stealth effect', high bone mineral affinity of polyphosphodiesters resulting in biomineralization at physiological conditions, and adjustable hydrolytic stability of polyphosphodiesters are the basis for various biomedical, industrial and household applications of this type of polymers. In the present review, we discuss the synthesis, properties and actual applications of polyphosphodiesters.
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Higino T, França R. Drug-delivery nanoparticles for bone-tissue and dental applications. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2022; 8. [PMID: 35439740 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac682c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles as biomaterials with applications in the biomedical field is growing every day. These nanomaterials can be used as contrast imaging agents, combination therapy agents, and targeted delivery systems in medicine and dentistry. Usually, nanoparticles are found as synthetic or natural organic materials, such as hydroxyapatite, polymers, and lipids. Besides that, they are could also be inorganic, for instance, metallic or metal-oxide-based particles. These inorganic nanoparticles could additionally present magnetic properties, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The use of nanoparticles as drug delivery agents has many advantages, for they help diminish toxicity effects in the body since the drug dose reduces significantly, increases drugs biocompatibility, and helps target drugs to specific organs. As targeted-delivery agents, one of the applications uses nanoparticles as drug delivery particles for bone-tissue to treat cancer, osteoporosis, bone diseases, and dental treatments such as periodontitis. Their application as drug delivery agents requires a good comprehension of the nanoparticle properties and composition, alongside their synthesis and drug attachment characteristics. Properties such as size, shape, core-shell designs, and magnetic characteristics can influence their behavior inside the human body and modify magnetic properties in the case of magnetic nanoparticles. Based on that, many different studies have modified the synthesis methods for these nanoparticles and developed composite systems for therapeutics delivery, adapting, and improving magnetic properties, shell-core designs, and particle size and nanosystems characteristics. This review presents the most recent studies that have been presented with different nanoparticle types and structures for bone and dental drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa Higino
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Rodrigo França
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Dental Biomaterials Research Lab, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Ye YX, Guan J, Chen XY, Yu YW, Xu ZM, Zeng SMZ, Wang ZC, Wang BZ, Jiao QC, Zhu HL. A new fluorescently labeled bisphosphonate for theranostics in tumor bone metastasis. Talanta 2021; 235:122796. [PMID: 34517654 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis of malignant solid tumors has become one of the most serious complications, especially in breast cancer, which was particularly challenging for early detection and treatment in clinical practice. In this work, we reported a new fluorescently labeled bisphosphonate for bone metastasis detection of breast cancer. The designed probes were based on Rhodamine B and bisphosphonate as recognition group, which can specifically target hydroxyapatite (HA) existed in bone tissue. After the osteoclasts were adsorbed on the bone surface, the surrounding microenvironment was acidified, causing the HA to locally dissolve. The probe bound to the HA was then released, and realized the fluorescence turn on under acidic conditions. In vitro experiments showed that G0 was more excellent than G2 owing to shorter connecting arm. Subsequently, we proved that G0 could combine with HA rapidly and exhibit excellent response in solid state. More importantly, we established a model of bone metastasis with MDA-MB-231 cells which was similar to the clinical cases and evaluated the theranostics value of G0 prospectively, which provide the potential application prospect in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jing Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xin-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ya-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhu-Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Shang-Ming-Zhu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Qing-Cai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Cheng X, Wei J, Ge Q, Xing D, Zhou X, Qian Y, Jiang G. The optimized drug delivery systems of treating cancer bone metastatic osteolysis with nanomaterials. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:37-53. [PMID: 33336610 PMCID: PMC7751395 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1856225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Some cancers such as human breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer easily metastasize to bone, leading to osteolysis and bone destruction accompanied by a complicated microenvironment. Systemic administration of bisphosphonates (BP) or denosumab is the routine therapy for osteolysis but with non-negligible side effects such as mandibular osteonecrosis and hypocalcemia. Thus, it is imperative to exploit optimized drug delivery systems, and some novel nanotechnology and nanomaterials have opened new horizons for scientists. Targeted and local drug delivery systems can optimize biodistribution depending on nanoparticles (NPs) or microspheres (MS) and implantable biomaterials with the controllable property. Drug delivery kinetics can be optimized by smart and sustained/local drug delivery systems for responsive delivery and sustained delivery. These delicately fabricated drug delivery systems with special matrix, structure, morphology, and modification can minimize unexpected toxicity caused by systemic delivery and achieve desired effects through integrating multiple drugs or multiple functions. This review summarized recent studies about optimized drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer metastatic osteolysis, aimed at giving some inspiration in designing efficient multifunctional drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Wei
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Ge
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Danlei Xing
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhu Qian
- Center of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqin Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Bagrov VV, Tavtorkin AN, Ilyin SO, Gavrilov DE, Ivchenko PV. Cyclic ethylene phosphates with (CH 2) nCOOR and CH 2CONMe 2 substituents: synthesis and mechanistic insights of diverse reactivity in aryloxy-Mg complex-catalyzed (co)polymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01277k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a comparative study of the reactivity of ethylene phosphates with –O(CH2)nCOOMe (n = 1–3, 5), –CH2COOtBu, –OCHMeCOOMe, and –OCH2CONMe2 substituents in BHT-Mg catalyzed ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V. Shlyakhtin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V. Bagrov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N. Tavtorkin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey O. Ilyin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E. Gavrilov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Nifant’ev I, Siniavin A, Karamov E, Kosarev M, Kovalchuk S, Turgiev A, Nametkin S, Bagrov V, Tavtorkin A, Ivchenko P. A New Approach to Developing Long-Acting Injectable Formulations of Anti-HIV Drugs: Poly(Ethylene Phosphoric Acid) Block Copolymers Increase the Efficiency of Tenofovir against HIV-1 in MT-4 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010340. [PMID: 33396968 PMCID: PMC7795142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the world’s combined efforts, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS, remains one of the world’s most serious public health challenges. High genetic variability of HIV complicates the development of anti-HIV vaccine, and there is an actual clinical need for increasing the efficiency of anti-HIV drugs in terms of targeted delivery and controlled release. Tenofovir (TFV), a nucleotide-analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has gained wide acceptance as a drug for pre-exposure prophylaxis or treatment of HIV infection. In our study, we explored the potential of tenofovir disoproxil (TFD) adducts with block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether and poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) (mPEG-b-PEPA) as candidates for developing a long-acting/controlled-release formulation of TFV. Two types of mPEG-b-PEPA with numbers of ethylene phosphoric acid (EPA) fragments of 13 and 49 were synthesized by catalytic ring-opening polymerization, and used for preparing four types of adducts with TFD. Antiviral activity of [mPEG-b-PEPA]TFD or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was evaluated using the model of experimental HIV infection in vitro (MT-4/HIV-1IIIB). Judging by the values of the selectivity index (SI), TFD exhibited an up to 14-fold higher anti-HIV activity in the form of mPEG-b-PEPA adducts, thus demonstrating significant promise for further development of long-acting/controlled-release injectable TFV formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Miasnitskaya Str. 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-4098
| | - Andrei Siniavin
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eduard Karamov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Sergey Kovalchuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ali Turgiev
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Sergey Nametkin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Vladimir Bagrov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Alexander Tavtorkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Chindamo G, Sapino S, Peira E, Chirio D, Gonzalez MC, Gallarate M. Bone Diseases: Current Approach and Future Perspectives in Drug Delivery Systems for Bone Targeted Therapeutics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E875. [PMID: 32370009 PMCID: PMC7279399 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone diseases include a wide group of skeletal-related disorders that cause mobility limitations and mortality. In some cases, e.g., in osteosarcoma (OS) and metastatic bone cancer, current treatments are not fully effective, mainly due to low patient compliance and to adverse side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, nanotechnology is currently under study as a potential strategy allowing specific drug release kinetics and enhancing bone regeneration. Polymers, ceramics, semiconductors, metals, and self-assembled molecular complexes are some of the most used nanoscale materials, although in most cases their surface properties need to be tuned by chemical or physical reactions. Among all, scaffolds, nanoparticles (NPs), cements, and hydrogels exhibit more advantages than drawbacks when compared to other nanosystems and are therefore the object of several studies. The aim of this review is to provide information about the current therapies of different bone diseases focusing the attention on new discoveries in the field of targeted delivery systems. The authors hope that this paper could help to pursue further directions about bone targeted nanosystems and their application for bone diseases and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Chindamo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.); (D.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Simona Sapino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.); (D.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Elena Peira
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.); (D.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Daniela Chirio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.); (D.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Mónica Cristina Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina;
| | - Marina Gallarate
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.); (D.C.); (M.G.)
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10
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Otaka A, Yamaguchi T, Saisho R, Hiraga T, Iwasaki Y. Bone-targeting phospholipid polymers to solubilize the lipophilic anticancer drug. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2090-2099. [PMID: 32323471 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current chemotherapy methods have limited effectiveness in eliminating bone metastasis, which leads to a poor prognosis associated with severe bone disorders. To provide regional chemotherapy for this metastatic tumor, a bone-targeting drug carrier was produced by introducing the osteotropic bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) units into an amphiphilic phospholipid polymer, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-n-butyl methacrylate). The polymer can form nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 30 nm; ALN units were exposed to the outer layer of the particle. A simple mixing procedure was used to encapsulate a hydrophobic anticancer drug, known as docetaxel (DTX), in the polymer nanoparticle, providing a uniform solution of a polymer-DTX complex in the aqueous phase. The complex showed anticancer activities against several breast cancer cell lines, and the complex formation did not hamper the pharmacological effect of DTX. The fluorescence observations evaluated by an in vivo imaging system and fluorescence microscopy showed that the addition of ALN to the polymer-DTX complex enhanced bone accumulation. Bone-targeting phospholipid polymers are potential solubilizing excipients used to formulate DTX and deliver the hydrophobic drug to bone tissues by blood administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoki Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoya Saisho
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Hiraga
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- ORDIST, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Dera R, Diliën H, Adriaensens P, Guedens W, Cleij TJ. An Efficient Thermal Elimination Pathway toward Phosphodiester Hydrogels via a Precursor Approach. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dera
- IMOHasselt University 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor EngineeringFaculty of Science and EngineeringMaastricht University Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court Gebouw 200 6167 RD Geleen The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor EngineeringFaculty of Science and EngineeringMaastricht University Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court Gebouw 200 6167 RD Geleen The Netherlands
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12
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Iwasaki Y. Bone Mineral Affinity of Polyphosphodiesters. Molecules 2020; 25:E758. [PMID: 32050545 PMCID: PMC7036841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic molecular design is a promising approach for generating functional biomaterials such as cell membrane mimetic blood-compatible surfaces, mussel-inspired bioadhesives, and calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration. Polyphosphoesters (PPEs) are candidate biomimetic polymer biomaterials that are of interest due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural similarity to nucleic acids. While studies on the synthesis of PPEs began in the 1970s, the scope of their use as biomaterials has increased in the last 20 years. One advantageous property of PPEs is their molecular diversity due to the presence of multivalent phosphorus in their backbones, which allows their physicochemical and biointerfacial properties to be easily controlled to produce the desired molecular platforms for functional biomaterials. Polyphosphodiesters (PPDEs) are analogs of PPEs that have recently attracted interest due to their strong affinity for biominerals. This review describes the fundamental properties of PPDEs and recent research in the field of macromolecular bone therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
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13
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Nifant’ev I, Bukharova T, Dyakonov A, Goldshtein D, Galitsyna E, Kosarev M, Shlyakhtin A, Gavrilov D, Ivchenko P. Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived MSCs by Non-Toxic Calcium Poly(ethylene phosphate)s. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6242. [PMID: 31835689 PMCID: PMC6940807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a current clinical need for the development of bone void fillers and bioactive bone graft substitutes. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are seeded into 3D scaffolds and induce bone generation in the event of MSCs osteogenic differentiation is highly promising. Since calcium ions and phosphates promote the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, the use of the calcium complexes of phosphate-containing polymers is highly prospective in the development of osteogenic scaffolds. Calcium poly(ethylene phosphate)s (PEP-Ca) appear to be potentially suitable candidates primarily because of PEP's biodegradability. In a series of experiments with human adipose-tissue-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), we demonstrated that PEP-Ca are non-toxic and give rise to osteogenesis gene marker, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and mineralization of the intercellular matrix. Owing to the synthetic availability of poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) block copolymers, these results hold out the possibility for the development of promising new polymer composites for orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Bukharova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Alexander Dyakonov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Elena Galitsyna
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Dmitry Gavrilov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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14
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Ultrafast hydrolytic degradation of 2,3-dihydroxypropyl functionalized poly(ethylene phosphates). MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Endocytosis of poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) by macrophages and the effect of polymer length on cellular uptake. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Dera R, Diliën H, Billen B, Gagliardi M, Rahimi N, Van Den Akker NMS, Molin DGM, Grandfils C, Adriaensens P, Guedens W, Cleij TJ. Phosphodiester Hydrogels for Cell Scaffolding and Drug Release Applications. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900090. [PMID: 31166090 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given the major structural role phosphodiesters play in the organism it is surprising they have not been more widely adopted as a building block in sophisticated biomimetic hydrogels and other biomaterials. The potential benefits are substantial: phosphoester-based materials show excellent compatibility with blood, cells, and a remarkable resistance to protein adsorption that may trigger a foreign-body response. In this work, a novel class of phosphodiester-based ionic hydrogels is presented which are crosslinked via a phosphodiester moiety. The material shows good compatibility with blood, supports the growth and proliferation of tissue and presents opportunities for use as a drug release matrix as shown with fluorescent model compounds. The final gel is produced via base-induced elimination from a phosphotriester precursor, which is made by the free-radical polymerization of a phosphotriester crosslinker. This crosslinker is easily synthesized via multigram one-pot procedures out of common laboratory chemicals. Via the addition of various comonomers the properties of the final gel may be tuned leading to a wide range of novel applications for this exciting class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dera
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court, Gebouw 200, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Brecht Billen
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Mick Gagliardi
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke M S Van Den Akker
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel G M Molin
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Grandfils
- Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 11, B-4000, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wanda Guedens
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court, Gebouw 200, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Kunomura S, Iwasaki Y. Immobilization of polyphosphoesters on poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) for facilitating mineral coating. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:861-876. [PMID: 31013199 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1595305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is an alternative material to metals for orthopedic applications. However, the compatibility of PEEK with hard tissues needs to be improved. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel technique for PEEK surface modifications. A polyphosphodiester macromonomer (PEPMA·Na) was synthesized via the demethylation of polyphosphotriester macromonomer obtained via the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic phosphoesters using 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide as the initiator. The surface modification of PEEK was performed via photoinduced and self-initiated graft polymerization of PEPMA·Na without using any photoinitiators. The amount of phosphorus due to poly(PEPMA·Na) immobilized on PEEK increased with an increase in the photoirradiation time. The PEEK surface turned hydrophilic due to poly(PEPMA·Na) grafting, with almost similar advancing and receding contact angles, implying that the modified PEEK surface (PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na)) was homogeneous. Specimens were mineral coated by simple static soaking in ×1.5 simulated body fluid (1.5SBF) and by an alternative process that included additional soaking steps in 200 mM CaCl2 aq. and 200 mM K2HPO4 aq. before static soaking in 1.5SBF. Specimens were immersed in 1.5SBF for 28 days in simple static soaking, after which the PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na) surface was completely covered with spherical cauliflower-like mineral deposits that resembled octacalcium phosphate (OCP). Their structural similarities were confirmed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. However, these mineral deposits were not observed on the bare PEEK surface. Due to the additional soaking steps (alternative soaking) undertaken before the static soaking of the specimens in 1.5SBF, the mineral coating on the PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na) was dramatically accelerated and the surface was fully covered with mineral deposits in only one day of soaking. The mineral deposits resulting from both the soaking processes had similar structures. Compared with bare PEEK, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells proliferated more actively on mineral-coated PEEK-g-poly(PEPMA·Na). Thus, the surface immobilization of poly(PEPMA·Na) on a PEEK surface is effective for mineral coating and may be useful to provide hard-tissue compatibility on PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kunomura
- a Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- a Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University , Osaka , Japan
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18
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Noree S, Iwasaki Y. Thermally Assisted Generation of Protein-Poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) Conjugates with High Mineral Affinity. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:3398-3404. [PMID: 31459555 PMCID: PMC6648864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics has recently attracted interest in various medical treatments. However, the structure and function preservation in proteins under physiological conditions is still an important issue and reliable immobilization techniques are required. In this study, the thermally assisted complexation of proteins with amphiphilic polyphosphoesters is proposed as a new methodology for their durability improvement. Amphiphilic cholesterol-terminated poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) (CH-PEP·Na) was synthesized via the organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization of 2-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane initiated by cholesterol as the hydrophobic molecule and followed by demethylation and neutralization. For the protein nanocarrier preparation, a complex of the amphiphilic CH-PEP·Na with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was formed through the hydrophobic interactions between the lipophilic moieties of the protein and the cholesteryl groups of the CH-PEP·Na chains, which were induced by thermal treatment at 90 °C. The resulting complex size ranged between 27 and 51 nm, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering. The complexes dispersed in an aqueous medium exhibited a high stability in size for up to 1 month of storage. CH-PEP·Na efficiently inhibited the thermal aggregation and sedimentation of BSA, unlike poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) (PEP·Na) and cholesterol-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (CH-PEG). In addition, CH-PEP·Na was able to protect the complexed BSA against proteolytic digestion and the BSA-CH-PEP·Na complexes well adsorbed onto hydroxyapatite even in the presence of BSA (5.5 g/dL). Hence, thermally induced protein-CH-PEP·Na complexes can be a potential tool for the development of bone and dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susita Noree
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials
and Bioengineering, and ORDIST, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials
and Bioengineering, and ORDIST, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
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19
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Markwart JC, Wurm FR. The 2-acetylthioethyl ester group: A versatile protective group for P-OH-groups. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Bagrov VV, Komarov PD, Tavtorkin AN, Minyaev ME, Kosarev MA, Ivchenko PV. Synthesis in aqueous media of poly(ethylene phosphoric acids) by mild thermolysis of homopolymers and block copolymers based on tert-butyl ethylene phosphate. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Iwasaki Y, Yokota A, Otaka A, Inoue N, Yamaguchi A, Yoshitomi T, Yoshimoto K, Neo M. Bone-targeting poly(ethylene sodium phosphate). Biomater Sci 2018; 6:91-95. [PMID: 29184942 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00930e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) (PEP·Na) showed excellent cytocompatibility and in vivo bone affinity. Moreover, PEP·Na did not interact with thrombin, which is a coagulation-related protein. Because immobilization of therapeutic agents and imaging probes on PEP·Na is easily performed, PEP·Na is a promising polymer for bone-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.
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22
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Synthesis and ring-opening polymerization of glycidyl ethylene phosphate with a formation of linear and branched polyphosphates. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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