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Magnetic and Microwave Properties of Nanocomposites Containing Iron Particles Encapsulated in Carbon. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155124. [PMID: 35897559 PMCID: PMC9332422 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic and microwave properties of nanocomposites containing iron particles encapsulated in a carbon shell (Fe@C), as well as carbon nanotubes (CNT), have been experimentally studied. The examination of magnetic properties of composites shows that the materials under study contain a ferromagnetic component. The availability of ferromagnetic ordering for the dielectric matrix-based nanocomposite sample with Fe@C particles has been confirmed by the measurement results of the transmission and the reflection coefficients of the microwaves, since the ferromagnetic resonance has been observed. Furthermore, in the fields less than the field of ferromagnetic resonance, there are the signs of the presence of ferromagnetic antiresonance. The ferromagnetic resonance leads to minima in the transmission and reflection coefficients, whereas the antiresonance, conversely, leads to maxima in the reflection coefficient. The measurement results have been compared with the theoretical calculations of the field dependence of microwave transmission and reflection coefficients.
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Zhou J, Hou J, Liu Y, Rao J. Targeted delivery of β-glucosidase-loaded magnetic nanoparticles: effect of external magnetic field duration and intensity. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2029-2040. [PMID: 32885735 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The effect of applied magnetic field duration and intensity on the delivery of β-glucosidase-loaded magnetic nanoparticles was evaluated. Materials & methods: The prepared β-glucosidase-loaded magnetic nanoparticles were targeted to subcutaneous tumors with an external magnetic field. Iron concentration and enzyme activity in tumor tissue were analyzed via electron spin resonance detection, Prussian blue staining and enzyme activity measurement. Results: The increase in magnetic nanoparticles quantity and enzyme activity in tumor tissue was not synchronous with the magnetic targeting duration. In addition, accumulation of magnetic nanoparticles and the increase in enzyme activity were not synchronous with the magnetic field intensity. Conclusion: The results suggested that appropriate magnetic field conditions should be considered for targeted delivery of bioactivity proteins based on magnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,Department of Urology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jing Hou
- Department of Urology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,Department of Urology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jun Rao
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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PEG modification enhances the in vivo stability of bioactive proteins immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1407-1418. [PMID: 32200524 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase the in vivo stability of bioactive proteins via optimized loading methods. RESULTS β-Glucosidase (β-Glu), as a model protein, was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles(denoted as MNP-β-Glu) by chemical coupling methods and was further modified by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules (denoted as MNP-β-Glu-PEG) to increase its stability. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared nanohybrids, including the particle size, zeta potential, and enzyme activity, were well characterized. The proper MNP/β-Glu feed ratio was important for optimizing the particle size. Analysis of enzyme activity showed that the stability of immobilized β-Glu compared with free β-Glu was lower in deionized water and higher in blood serum at 37 °C. MNP-β-Glu-PEG retained 77.9% of the initial activity within 30 days at 4 °C, whereas the free enzyme retained only 58.2%. Pharmacokinetic studies of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats showed that the MNP-β-Glu-PEG group retained a higher enzyme activity in vivo (41.46% after 50 min) than the MNP-β-Glu group (0.03% after 50 min) and the β-Glu group (0.37% after 50 min). Moreover, in contrast to the MNP-β-Glu group, the enzyme activity was not fully synchronous with the decrease in the Fe concentration in the MNP-β-Glu-PEG group. CONCLUSIONS All findings indicated that the method of immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles and PEG modification is promising for the application of bioactive proteins in vivo.
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Iriarte-Mesa C, López YC, Matos-Peralta Y, de la Vega-Hernández K, Antuch M. Gold, Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Bionanoconjugation Strategies Aimed at Electrochemical Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:12. [PMID: 31907672 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have revolutionized the sensing and biosensing fields, with the development of more sensitive and selective devices for multiple applications. Gold, silver and iron oxide nanoparticles have played a particularly major role in this development. In this review, we provide a general overview of the synthesis and characteristics of gold, silver and iron oxide nanoparticles, along with the main strategies for their surface functionalization with ligands and biomolecules. Finally, different architectures suitable for electrochemical applications are reviewed, as well as their main fabrication procedures. We conclude with some considerations from the authors' perspective regarding the promising use of these materials and the challenges to be faced in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Iriarte-Mesa
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química General e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 10 400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Yeisy C López
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química General e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 10 400, La Habana, Cuba.,Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Calzada Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, 11 500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yasser Matos-Peralta
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química General e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 10 400, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Manuel Antuch
- Unité de Chimie et Procédés, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA), Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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Khramtsov P, Kropaneva M, Bochkova M, Timganova V, Zamorina S, Rayev M. Solid-phase nuclear magnetic resonance immunoassay for the prostate-specific antigen by using protein-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:768. [PMID: 31713740 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A solid phase NMR-based sandwich immunoassay for the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is presented. Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles were functionalized with bovine serum albumin, coupled to monoclonal antibodies, and then used as magnetic labels. A nitrocellulose membrane with 8-μm pores was coated with capture antibodies and subsequently incubated with a serum sample and a suspension of the nanoconjugate. Test strips were placed in a portable homemade NMR relaxometer. Magnetic nanoparticles attached to nitrocellulose decrease the T2 relaxation time of the water protons located inside the pores of the membrane. Thus, T2 is inversely proportional to the concentration of the antigen (PSA) in the sample. The assay can be performed within 4 h. The detection limit is 0.44 ng mL-1. Kallikrein 2, human chorionic gonadotropin, and α-fetoprotein do not interfere. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of NMR relaxometry-based sandwich dot blot immunoassay of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Magnetic nanoparticles bound to immunosorbent decrease the transverse relaxation times (T2) of the water protons located within the pores of the membrane. RF coil: radiofrequency coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Khramtsov
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biology Faculty, Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukirev Str., Perm 614000, Russia.
| | - Maria Kropaneva
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Svetlana Zamorina
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biology Faculty, Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukirev Str., Perm 614000, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, branch of PSRC UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., Perm 614081, Russia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biology Faculty, Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukirev Str., Perm 614000, Russia
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Magnetic Nanoclusters Coated with Albumin, Casein, and Gelatin: Size Tuning, Relaxivity, Stability, Protein Corona, and Application in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Immunoassay. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9091345. [PMID: 31546937 PMCID: PMC6781099 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles improves their physicochemical properties and applicability in biomedicine. Natural polymers, including proteins, are prospective coatings capable of increasing the stability, biocompatibility, and transverse relaxivity (r2) of magnetic nanoparticles. In this work, we functionalized the nanoclusters of carbon-coated iron nanoparticles with four proteins: bovine serum albumin, casein, and gelatins A and B, and we conducted a comprehensive comparative study of their properties essential to applications in biosensing. First, we examined the influence of environmental parameters on the size of prepared nanoclusters and synthesized protein-coated nanoclusters with a tunable size. Second, we showed that protein coating does not significantly influence the r2 relaxivity of clustered nanoparticles; however, the uniform distribution of individual nanoparticles inside the protein coating facilitates increased relaxivity. Third, we demonstrated the applicability of the obtained nanoclusters in biosensing by the development of a nuclear-magnetic-resonance-based immunoassay for the quantification of antibodies against tetanus toxoid. Fourth, the protein coronas of nanoclusters were studied using SDS-PAGE and Bradford protein assay. Finally, we compared the colloidal stability at various pH values and ionic strengths and in relevant complex media (i.e., blood serum, plasma, milk, juice, beer, and red wine), as well as the heat stability, resistance to proteolytic digestion, and shelf-life of protein-coated nanoclusters.
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Farahavar G, Abolmaali SS, Gholijani N, Nejatollahi F. Antibody-guided nanomedicines as novel breakthrough therapeutic, diagnostic and theranostic tools. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4000-4016. [PMID: 31355391 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00931k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology, such as the development of various types of nanoparticles and hybrid nanomaterials, have revolutionized nanomedicine. The small size, customizable surface, enhanced solubility, and multi-functionality endow the nanoparticles with an ability to interact with complex cellular and biological functions in new ways. Furthermore, these systems can deliver drugs to specific tissues and provide a targeted therapy. For this purpose, different categories of molecules, particularly antibodies, have been used as ligands. Antibody-conjugated nanomaterials can significantly enhance the efficiency of nanomedicines, especially in the field of cancer. This review is focused on three major medical applications of antibody-conjugated nanomaterials, namely, therapeutic, diagnostic and theranostic applications. To provide comprehensive information on the topic and an overview of these hybrid nanomaterials for biomedical applications, a brief summary of nanomaterials and antibodies is given. Moreover, the review has depicted the potential applications of antibody-conjugated nanomaterials in different fields and their capabilities to empower nanomedicine, particularly in relation to the treatment and detection of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Farahavar
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345, Iran.
| | - Samira Sadat Abolmaali
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Department and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345, Iran.
| | - Nasser Gholijani
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Foroogh Nejatollahi
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS research center, Institute of health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Investigations on Forming Ether Coated Iron Nanoparticle Materials by First-Principle Calculations and Molecular Dynamic Simulations. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of coating effects between ether molecules and iron (Fe) nanoparticles was generally estimated using first-principle calculations and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations coupling with Fe (110) crystal layers and sphere models. In the present work, the optimized adsorption site and its energy were confirmed. The single sphere model in MD simulations was studied for typical adsorption behaviors, and the double sphere model was built to be more focused on the gap impact between two particles. In those obtained results, it is demonstrated that ether molecules were prone to be adsorbed on the long bridge site of the Fe (110) crystal while comparing with other potential sites. Although the coating was not completely uniform at early stages, the formation of ether layer ended up being equilibrated finally. Accompanied with charge transfer, those coated ether molecules exerted much binding force on the shell Fe atoms. Additionally, when free ether molecules were close to the gap between two nanoparticles, they were found to come under double adsorption effects. Although this effect might not be sufficient to keep them adsorbed, the movement of these ether molecules were hindered to some extent.
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