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Nuszkiewicz J, Wróblewska J, Budek M, Czuczejko J, Woźniak A, Maruszak-Parda M, Szewczyk-Golec K. Exploring the Link between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Head and Neck Cancer: Understanding the Impact of Smoking as a Cancer-Predisposing Factor. Biomedicines 2024; 12:748. [PMID: 38672104 PMCID: PMC11048483 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity globally, with smoking recognized as a key risk factor. This study investigates the interplay between smoking and inflammatory biomarkers in HNC development. The study involved 50 HNC patients, divided into smoking and non-smoking groups, and a control group of 30 healthy individuals. Serum levels of 48 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and other inflammatory markers were meticulously assessed. Significant differences in the levels of an extensive panel of inflammatory markers were observed between the patient groups and healthy controls. Elevated macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in both HNC groups implicated increased activity in pathways known for immunomodulation, proliferation, and angiogenesis during HNC cancerogenesis. In contrast, non-smokers with HNC demonstrated higher levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 15 (IL-15), suggesting a more robust immune response. Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) levels were particularly high in smokers with HNC. Smoking seems to alter the levels of crucial biomarkers in HNC, potentially affecting disease progression and responses to treatment. The data indicate that smokers may experience a more aggressive cancer phenotype, while non-smokers maintain a profile suggestive of a more active and effective immune response against HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Joanna Wróblewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marlena Budek
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Jolanta Czuczejko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marta Maruszak-Parda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
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Bolnykh I, Patterson JM, Harding S, Watson LJ, Lu L, Hurley K, Thomas SJ, Sharp L. Cancer-related pain in head and neck cancer survivors: longitudinal findings from the Head and Neck 5000 clinical cohort. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01554-x. [PMID: 38421499 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Reports suggest pain is common in head and neck cancer (HNC). However, past studies are limited by small sample sizes and design and measurement heterogeneity. Using data from the Head and Neck 5000 longitudinal cohort, we investigated pain over a year post-diagnosis. We assessed: temporal trends; compared pain across HNC treatments, stages, sites and by HPV status; and identified subgroups of patients at increased risk of pain. METHODS Sociodemographic and clinical data and patient-reported pain (measured by EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H&N35) were collected at baseline (pre-treatment), 4- and 12- months. Using mixed effects multivariable regression, we investigated time trends and identified associations between (i) clinically-important general pain and (ii) HN-specific pain and clinical, socio-economic, and demographic variables. RESULTS 2,870 patients were included. At baseline, 40.9% had clinically-important general pain, rising to 47.6% at 4-months and declining to 35.5% at 12-months. HN-specific pain followed a similar pattern (mean score (sd): baseline 26.4 (25.10); 4-months. 28.9 (26.55); 12-months, 17.2 (19.83)). Across time, general and HN-specific pain levels were increased in: younger patients, smokers, and those with depression and comorbidities at baseline, and more advanced, oral cavity and HPV negative cancers. CONCLUSIONS There is high prevalence of general pain in people living with HNC. We identified subgroups more often reporting general and HN-specific pain towards whom interventions could be targeted. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Greater emphasis should be placed on identifying and treating pain in HNC. Systematic pain screening could help identify those who could benefit from an early pain management plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iakov Bolnykh
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle, UK
| | - Joanne M Patterson
- Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, School of Health Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sam Harding
- Speech and Language Therapy Research Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Hospital Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura-Jayne Watson
- Speech & Language Therapy, Sunderland Royal Hospital, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK
| | - Liya Lu
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle, UK
- NHS Forth Valley, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Katrina Hurley
- Head & Neck 5000 Study, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve J Thomas
- Head & Neck 5000 Study, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Linda Sharp
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle, UK.
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Khadela A, Shah Y, Mistry P, Bodiwala K, CB A. Immunomodulatory Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Recent Advances and Clinical Prospects. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338221150559. [PMID: 36683526 PMCID: PMC9893386 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221150559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a significant role in the development, invasion, progression, and metastasis of head and neck cancer. Over the last decade, the emergence of immunotherapy has irreversibly altered the paradigm of cancer treatment. The current treatment modalities for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) include surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy which has failed to provide satisfactory clinical outcomes. To encounter this, there is a need for a novel or targeted therapy such as immunological targets along with conventional treatment strategy for optimal therapeutic outcomes. The immune system can contribute to promoting metastasis, angiogenesis, and growth by exploiting the tumor's influence on the microenvironment. Immunological targets have been found effective in recent clinical studies and have shown promising results. This review outlines the important immunological targets and the medications acting on them that have already been explored, are currently under clinical trials and are further being targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Khadela
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Yesha Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Priya Mistry
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kunjan Bodiwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Avinash CB
- Medical Oncologist, ClearMedi Radiant Hospital, Mysore, India
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Yuan X, Ma Y, Zhang T, Zhou F, Yu G. Effects of immune inflammation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Tumor microenvironment, drug resistance, and clinical outcomes. Front Genet 2022; 13:1085700. [PMID: 36579330 PMCID: PMC9790931 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1085700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignant tumor with a very high mortality rate, and a large number of studies have confirmed the correlation between inflammation and malignant tumors and the involvement of inflammation-related regulators in the progression of HNSCC. However, a prognostic model for HNSCC based on genes involved in inflammatory factors has not been established. Methods: First, we downloaded transcriptome data and clinical information from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from TCGA and GEO (GSE41613) for data analysis, model construction, and differential gene expression analysis, respectively. Genes associated with inflammatory factors were screened from published papers and intersected with differentially expressed genes to identify differentially expressed inflammatory factor-related genes. Subgroups were then typed according to differentially expressed inflammatory factor-related genes. Univariate, LASSO and multivariate Cox regression algorithms were subsequently applied to identify prognostic genes associated with inflammatory factors and to construct prognostic prediction models. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Subsequently, we analyzed differences in immune composition between patients in the high and low risk groups by immune infiltration. The correlation between model genes and drug sensitivity (GSDC and CTRP) was also analyzed based on the GSCALite database. Finally, we examined the expression of prognostic genes in pathological tissues, verifying that these genes can be used to predict prognosis. Results: Using univariate, LASSO, and multivariate cox regression analyses, we developed a prognostic risk model for HNSCC based on 13 genes associated with inflammatory factors (ITGA5, OLR1, CCL5, CXCL8, IL1A, SLC7A2, SCN1B, RGS16, TNFRSF9, PDE4B, NPFFR2, OSM, ROS1). Overall survival (OS) of HNSCC patients in the low-risk group was significantly better than that in the high-risk group in both the training and validation sets. By clustering, we identified three molecular subtypes of HNSCC carcinoma (C1, C2, and C3), with C1 subtype having significantly better OS than C2 and C3 subtypes. ROC analysis suggests that our model has precise predictive power for patients with HNSCC. Enrichment analysis showed that the high-risk and low-risk groups showed strong immune function differences. CIBERSORT immune infiltration score showed that 25 related and differentially expressed inflammatory factor genes were all associated with immune function. As the risk score increases, specific immune function activation decreases in tumor tissue, which is associated with poor prognosis. We also screened for susceptibility between the high-risk and low-risk groups and showed that patients in the high-risk group were more sensitive to talazoparib-1259, camptothecin-1003, vincristine-1818, Azd5991-1720, Teniposide-1809, and Nutlin-3a (-) -1047.Finally, we examined the expression of OLR1, SCN1B, and PDE4B genes in HNSCC pathological tissues and validated that these genes could be used to predict the prognosis of HNSCC. Conclusion: In this experiment, we propose a prognostic model for HNSCC based on inflammation-related factors. It is a non-invasive genomic characterization prediction method that has shown satisfactory and effective performance in predicting patient survival outcomes and treatment response. More interdisciplinary areas combining medicine and electronics will be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fangwei Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guodong Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Guodong Yu,
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Ai D, Dou Y, Ma C, Nan Z, Wang K, Dong Z, Tan W, Sun J, Qu X. Peri-tumoral infiltrate associates with postoperative prognosis of patients with OSCC: Stronger association in HPV negative patients. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103503. [PMID: 35636086 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current data on the relationship between local inflammatory infiltration and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are limited and controversial, especially in different HPV status. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between peri-tumoral inflammatory infiltrate (PTI) and HPV status and prognosis of patients with OSCC after surgery. METHODS A retrospective cohort of 99 primary OSCC patients who underwent surgery was constructed. P16 immunohistochemistry was used to determine HPV status. PTI was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and quantified into four levels: none (Score 0), weak (Score 1), moderate (Score 2) and strong (Score 3). The associations of PTI with clinico-pathological characteristics, HPV status and survival were examined. RESULTS Most OSCC patients had weak to moderate PTI. PTI was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.041), and patients with moderate PTI had significantly better OS (P = 0.009) than those with no PTI. In HPV negative OSCC, patients with moderate PTI also had significantly better OS (P = 0.019) than those with no PTI. However, PTI was not significantly associated with survival in HPV positive OSCC. CONCLUSIONS In HPV negative OSCC, moderate PTI may suggest a better postoperative prognosis than no PTI.
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Kondoh N, Mizuno-Kamiya M. The Role of Immune Modulatory Cytokines in the Tumor Microenvironments of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122884. [PMID: 35740551 PMCID: PMC9221278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant phenotypes of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of immune modulatory cytokines associated with tumor microenvironments (TMEs). We first present the immune modulatory effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro- and anti- (pro-/anti-) inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon HNSCC phenotypes. We then report our evaluation of the functions of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the crosstalk between tumors and stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In HNSCCs, the status of lymph node metastasis is an important hallmark of a worse prognosis. Several chemokines mediate lymph node metastases in HNSCC patients. There are therapeutic approaches, using antitumoral cytokines or immunotherapies, that target cytokines, chemokines, or signal molecules essential for the immune evasion of HNSCCs. Finally, modulation by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in HNSCC phenotypes and the prognostic significance of serum cytokine levels in HNSCC patients are discussed. Abstract HNSCCs are the major progressive malignancy of the upper digestive and respiratory organs. Malignant phenotypes of HNSCCs are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of the immune modulatory cytokines associated with TMEs, i.e., a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ, plays a role as an anti-tumor regulator against HNSCCs; however, IFN-γ also drives programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1 expression to promote cancer stem cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 promotes the cytotoxic activity of T cells and natural killer cells; however, endogenous IL-2 can promote regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in the protection of HNSCCs. In this report, we first classified and mentioned the immune modulatory aspects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon HNSCC phenotypes. In the TME of HNSCCs, pro-tumoral immune modulation is mediated by stromal cells, including CAFs, MDSCs, pDCs, and TAMs. Therefore, we evaluated the functions of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells. In HNSCCs, the status of lymph node metastasis is an important hallmark of a worse prognosis. We therefore evaluated the possibility of chemokines mediating lymph node metastases in HNSCC patients. We also mention therapeutic approaches using anti-tumoral cytokines or immunotherapies that target cytokines, chemokines, or signal molecules essential for the immune evasion of HNSCCs. We finally discuss modulation by HPV infection upon HNSCC phenotypes, as well as the prognostic significance of serum cytokine levels in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-58-329-1416; Fax: +81-58-329-1417
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Business Administration, Asahi University School of Business Administration, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan;
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Lu Y, Jia Z. Inflammation-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:4793-4805. [PMID: 35592543 PMCID: PMC9113041 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s354349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The inflammatory response was associated with the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aimed to perform a novel prognostic signature based on inflammation-related genes (IRGs) for a better understanding of the prognosis of HNSCC. Patients and Methods IRGs were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to explore potential pathways. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression as well as the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) were utilized to construct an IRGs-based prognostic model on TCGA database and the GEO database was utilized for outcome validation. The nomogram model was constructed based on independent prognostic factors after univariate and multivariate Cox regression. The immune cell infiltration level was analyzed via the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. Results In this study, we confirmed that 60% IRGs were abnormally expressed in HNSCC samples, and these were associated with important oncobiology. Then, a prognostic signature comprising 7 hub genes was generated based on TCGA database. The results were validated in 97 patients from GSE41613. A nomogram comprising risk score, age, M stage and N stage was generated to improve the accuracy of prognosis evaluation. The immune cell infiltration analysis suggested that 5 hub genes (ADGRE1, OLR1, TIMP1, GPR132 and CCR7) were negatively correlated with tumor purity and positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells. Conclusion Our study established a novel signature consisting of 7 hub genes for the prognostic prediction in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Lu
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengrong Jia
- Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zengrong Jia, Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 135 874 22709, Fax +86 577 55578033, Email
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McGowan EM, Lin Y, Chen S. Targeting Chronic Inflammation of the Digestive System in Cancer Prevention: Modulators of the Bioactive Sphingolipid Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030535. [PMID: 35158806 PMCID: PMC8833440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is increasing, and late-stage diagnosis makes these cancers difficult to treat. Chronic and low-grade inflammation are recognized risks for most GI cancers. The GI mucosal immune system maintains healthy homeostasis and signalling molecules made from saturated fats, bioactive sphingolipids, play essential roles in healthy GI immunity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid, is a key mediator in a balanced GI immune response. Disruption in the S1P pathway underlies systemic chronic metabolic inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and GI cancers, providing a strong rationale for using modulators of the S1P pathway to treat pathological inflammation. Here, we discuss the effects of bioactive sphingolipids in immune homeostasis with a focus on S1P in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with increased risk of GI carcinogenesis. Contemporary information on S1P signalling involvement in cancers of the digestive system, from top to bottom, is reviewed. Further, we discuss the use of novel S1P receptor modulators currently in clinical trials and their potential as first-line drugs in the clinic for chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, ozanimod (ZeposiaTM) and etrasimod have been approved for clinical use to treat ulcerative colitis and eosinophilic oesophagitis, respectively, which may have longer term benefits in reducing risk of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M. McGowan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-614-0581-4048
| | - Yiguang Lin
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Size Chen
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Esteban F, Ramos-García P, Muñoz M, González-Moles MÁ. Substance P and Neurokinin 1 Receptor in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer of the Head and Neck: A Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010375. [PMID: 35010633 PMCID: PMC8751191 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is a growing worldwide public health problem, accounting for approximately 1,500,000 new cases and 500,000 deaths annually. Substance P (SP) is a peptide of the tachykinin family, which has roles related to a large number of physiological mechanisms in humans. The implications of SP in carcinogenesis have recently been reported through the stimulation of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), or directly, through the effects derived from the constitutive activation of NK1R. Consequently, SP/NK1R seems to play relevant roles in cancer, upregulating cell proliferation, cell migration and chronic inflammation, among other oncogenic actions. Furthermore, there is growing evidence pointing to a central role for SP in tumour progression, singularly so in laryngeal and oral squamous cell carcinomas. The current narrative review of the literature focuses on the relationship between the SP/NK1R system and chronic inflammation and cancer in the head-and-neck region. We described a role for SP/NK1R in the transition from chronic inflammation of the head and neck mucosa, to preneoplastic and neoplastic transformation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Esteban
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Research Laboratory on Neuropeptides (IBIS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Liao M, Cheng L, Zhou XD, Ren B. [Research progress of Candida albicans on malignant transformation of oral mucosal diseases]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:431-437. [PMID: 32865364 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck, and is one of the world's top ten malignancies. Microbial infection is an important risk factor of oral cancer. Candida albicans is the most popular opportunistic fungal pathogen. Epidemiological studies have shown that Candida albicans is closely tied to oral malignancy. Animal experimentation have also proven that infection of Candida albicans can promote the development of oral epithelial carcinogenesis. The current studies have revealed several mechanisms involved in this process, including destroying the epithelial barrier, producing carcinogenic substances (nitrosamines, acetaldehyde), inducing chronic inflammation, activating immune response, etc. However, current researches on mechanisms are still inadequate, and some hypotheses remain controversial. Here, we review the findings related to Candida albicans' effect on the malignant transformation of oral mucosa, hoping to provide reference for deep research and controlling oral cancer clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Fujii Y, Kaji S, Kawabata Y, Hyakudomi R, Yamamoto T, Taniura T, Tajima Y. Comparison of the prognostic value of immunoinflammation-based biomarkers in patients with gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2625-2635. [PMID: 32676164 PMCID: PMC7343633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII)—comprising platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte count—is an objective and reliable biomarker for predicting the prognosis in cancer patients because it comprehensively reflects the balance between host inflammatory and immune responses. In this study, we clarified the prognostic impact of immunoinflammation-based indices, i. e. SII, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in gastric cancer patients.
Results: In multivariate analysis, the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.366, p < 0.001), tumor differentiation (HR: 1.705, p = 0.020), pathological Tumor, Node, Metastasis (pTNM) stage (HR: 2.160, p = 0.008), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (HR: 1.964, p = 0.003) were independent prognostic factors for OS in all patients. Further, multivariate analysis revealed that age (HR: 2.088, p = 0.040), ASA-PS (HR: 2.339, p = 0.043), tumor differentiation (HR: 1.748, p = 0.044), and pTNM stage (HR: 2.114, p = 0.024) were independent prognostic factors for OS among patients without inflammation; SII was not a prognostic factor for OS. Meanwhile, body mass index (HR: 5.055, p = 0.011), ASA-PS (HR: 3.403, p = 0.007), and SII (HR: 4.208, p = 0.026) were independent prognostic factors for OS among patients with inflammation.
Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 412 patients who underwent curative laparoscopic gastrectomy. The prognostic value of SII was compared between a low SII group (SII<661.9) and high SII group (SII≥661.9). We analyzed the predictive ability of immunoinflammation-based indices for overall survival (OS) based on a C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 0.5.
Conclusions: Compared to NLR and PLR, SII is the most significant prognostic biomarker for OS, especially in gastric cancer patients with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hirahara
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsubara
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujii
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kaji
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kawabata
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ryoji Hyakudomi
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsu Yamamoto
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takahito Taniura
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Tajima
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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12
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Association of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) with Cisplatin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114002. [PMID: 32503307 PMCID: PMC7312011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance is a characteristic of cancer cells that significantly reduces the effectiveness of drugs. Despite the popularity of cisplatin (CP) as a chemotherapeutic agent, which is widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer, resistance of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy has been extensively observed. Among various reported mechanism(s), the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process can significantly contribute to chemoresistance by converting the motionless epithelial cells into mobile mesenchymal cells and altering cell–cell adhesion as well as the cellular extracellular matrix, leading to invasion of tumor cells. By analyzing the impact of the different molecular pathways such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, nuclear factor-κB (NF-ĸB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), and Wnt, which play an important role in resistance exhibited to CP therapy, we first give an introduction about the EMT mechanism and its role in drug resistance. We then focus specifically on the molecular pathways involved in drug resistance and the pharmacological strategies that can be used to mitigate this resistance. Overall, we highlight the various targeted signaling pathways that could be considered in future studies to pave the way for the inhibition of EMT-mediated resistance displayed by tumor cells in response to CP exposure.
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13
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Liao J, Yang Z, Carter-Cooper B, Chang ET, Choi EY, Kallakury B, Liu X, Lapidus RG, Cullen KJ, Dan H. Suppression of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through IKKβ inhibition. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:283-292. [PMID: 32020377 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We explored the role of the transcription factor, NF-κB, and its upstream kinase IKKβ in regulation of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We showed that cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cells have a stronger ability to migrate and invade, as well as display higher IKKβ/NF-κB activity compared to their parental partners. Importantly, we found that knockdown of IKKβ, but not NF-κB, dramatically impaired cell migration and invasion in these cells. Consistent with this, the IKKβ inhibitor, CmpdA, also inhibited cell migration and invasion. Previous studies have already shown that N-Cadherin, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker, and IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, play important roles in regulation of HNSCC migration, invasion, and metastasis. We found that cisplatin-resistant HNSCC expressed higher levels of N-Cadherin and IL-6, which were significantly inhibited by CmpdA. More importantly, we showed that CmpdA treatment dramatically abated cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cell metastasis to lungs in a mouse model. Our data demonstrated the crucial role of IKKβ in control of migration, invasion, and metastasis, and implicated that targeting IKKβ may be a potential therapy for cisplatin-resistant metastatic HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipei Liao
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zejia Yang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brandon Carter-Cooper
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Chang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin J Cullen
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hancai Dan
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Xia CX, Kao YW, Qin L, Chen MC, Shia BC, Wu SY. Cancer risk in chronic rhinosinusitis: a propensity score matched case-control cohort study. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:7146-7156. [PMID: 31814917 PMCID: PMC6895518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have infection, innate immune disorder and chronic inflammation problems which are considered as potential mechanism of tumorigenesis. To estimate cancer risk in CRS using propensity scores matching (PSM) case-control cohort study. METHODS A nationwide retrospective case-control cohort study is conducted on claim data from National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. From January 2000 to December 2005, case group included 32677 CRS patients (including 544 with surgery in case 1 group and 32133 without surgery in case 2 group), and control group included 98031 subjects without CRS which were matching by PSM method on all baseline characteristics. All subjects were followed up from January 2006 till December 2013, the risk of cancers were calculated during the period. Conditional logistic regression Analysis of Cancer Risk is used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for case, case 1 and case 2 compared with control group. The difference in cancer risk among case, case 1 and case 2 drew the conclusions of this paper. RESULTS The risk of cancers in head and neck (adjusted OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.33-1.75), colon (adjusted OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.09-1.39), liver (adjusted OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09-1.41), lung (adjusted OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1-1.3), skin (adjusted OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05-1.79), breast (adjusted OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36), prostate (adjusted OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.54-2.22) and bladder (adjusted OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.17-1.48) were statistical significantly higher in CRS patients than non-CRS group. Compared with CRS patients without surgery, risk of cancers in head and neck, colon, liver, lung, skin, breast, and prostate were higher in CRS patients receiving surgery. CONCLUSION Cancer risk in CRS patients is significant high than non-CRS patients, especially in head and neck, breast, lung, bladder, colorectal, liver, prostate, and skin cancers. Surgical interventions in CRS patients could not decrease cancer risk in CRS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Xin Xia
- Guanghua School of Management, Peking UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yi-Wei Kao
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Big Data, College of Management, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Lei Qin
- School of Statistics, University of International Business and EconomicsBeijing, China
| | - Ming-Chih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Research Center of Big Data, College of Management, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Executive Master Program of Business Administration in Biotechnology, College of Management, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- College of Management, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai HospitalYilan, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai HospitalYilan, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
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15
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Wang M, Cao Y, Xia M, Al-Hatmi AMS, Ou W, Wang Y, Sibirny AA, Zhao L, Zou C, Liao W, Bai F, Zhi X, de Hoog S, Kang Y. Virulence and antifungal susceptibility of microsatellite genotypes of Candida albicans from superficial and deep locations. Yeast 2019; 36:363-373. [PMID: 31037772 PMCID: PMC6618086 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of 185 strains of Candida albicans from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and from non‐VVC clinical sources in southwest China was analysed. Strains were subjected to genotyping using CAI microsatellite typing and amplification of an intron‐containing region of the 25S rRNA gene. Microsatellite genotypes of strains from non‐VVC sources showed high polymorphism, whereas those of VVC were dominated by few, closely similar genotypes. However, among non‐VVC strains, two genotypes were particularly prevalent in patients with lung cancer. 25S rDNA genotype A was dominant in VVC sources (86.7%), whereas genotypes A, B, and C were rather evenly distributed among non‐VVC sources; known genotypes D and E were not found. In an experimental mouse model, isolates from lung cancer and AIDS patients proved to have higher virulence than VVC strains. Among 156 mice infected with C. albicans, 19 developed non‐invasive urothelial carcinoma. No correlation could be established between parameters of virulence, source of infection, and incidence of carcinoma. C. albicans strains from VVC were less susceptible to itraconazole than the strains from non‐VVC sources, whereas there was small difference in antifungal susceptibility between different 25S rDNA genotypes of C. albicans tested against amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, and flucytosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou & Guizhou Talent Base for Microbiology and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yu Cao
- School of Big Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Maoning Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Dazu District, Chongqing, China
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Ministry of Health, Directorate General of Health Services, Ibri, Oman.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology of Radboudumc/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Weizheng Ou
- Department of Clinical Lab, Guiyang Public Health Treatment Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Infection Control Section, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Andriy A Sibirny
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.,Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou & Guizhou Talent Base for Microbiology and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wanqing Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengyan Bai
- Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xie Zhi
- Department of Dermatology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology of Radboudumc/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yingqian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou & Guizhou Talent Base for Microbiology and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Big Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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16
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Jaberie H, Hosseini SV, Naghibalhossaini F. Evaluation of Alpha 1-Antitrypsin for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1165-1173. [PMID: 31183614 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous proteomic studies have identified alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) as a potential serum biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this case-control study, we evaluated plasma A1AT concentration and activity as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in a group of 113 sporadic CRC patients. We also analyzed A1AT gene promoter methylation, and genotypes in this group of CRC patients. The plasma A1AT and CEA concentrations were measured using the nephelometric and ELISA methods, respectively. A1AT activity was determined by Trypsin Inhibitor Capacity assay. The genomic DNA from blood samples were subjected to Z and S genotype analysis using PCR-RFLP method and the gene promoter methylation in tumors and their adjacent normal tissues was determined by methylation specific-PCR assay. The plasma levels of A1AT and CEA in patients (median, 2.3 g/L and 5.96 ng/ml, respectively) were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (medians, 1.43 g/L and 2.57 ng/ml, respectively) (p = 0.0001). The plasma A1AT activity and concentrations were positively correlated with the tumor stage and well-discriminated between early and advanced stages. The A1AT activity in plasma was the most useful marker for CRC diagnosis (median 4.8 mmol/min/ml in cases vs 1.91 mmol/min/ml in controls, p = 0.0001). No deficient Z or S alleles of A1AT was observed in patients' genotype and the gene promoter tends to be more methylated in normal mucosa than in tumor tissues. We conclude that plasma A1AT activity has better sensitivity and specificity than CEA measurement for the early detection of CRC. Promoter demethylation might play a role in increasing plasma A1AT levels in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Jaberie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Street, Shiraz, 7134845794, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Street, Shiraz, 7134845794, Iran. .,Autoimmune Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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17
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Zhang QS, Deater M, Phan N, Marcogliese A, Major A, Guinan EC, Grompe M. Combination therapy with atorvastatin and celecoxib delays tumor formation in a Fanconi anemia mouse model. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27460. [PMID: 30255556 PMCID: PMC6249055 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fanconi anemia is an inherited bone marrow failure disorder associated with a high incidence of leukemia and solid tumors. Currently, no interventions to prevent or delay the formation of solid tumors are available. PROCEDURE Two of the most important hallmarks of Fanconi anemia are inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we administrated the antioxidant atorvastatin and the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib to cohorts of Fancd2-/- /Trp53+/- mice, a model of Fanconi anemia. Treatment started at weaning and continued until the mice developed a palpable mass or suffered from >20% weight loss. Tumor samples and selected tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. χ2 test was performed to analyze tumor incidence, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were evaluated with log-rank test. In addition, a small cohort of mice was monitored for the safety of the drugs. RESULTS The combined oral administration of both drugs significantly delayed tumor onset in Fancd2-/- /Trp53+/- mice. Specifically, the treatment delayed the onset of ovarian tumors in Fancd2-/- /Trp53+/- mice and increased the mean ovarian tumor-free survival time by 17%, whereas this combinatorial drug regimen did not have a significant effect on other tumor types. In addition, no detrimental effects on hematopoiesis from the drug treatment were observed during a 12-month safety monitoring. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here suggest that a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib may be a good candidate for chemoprevention in Fanconi anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-shuo Zhang
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Matthew Deater
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Ngoc Phan
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
| | | | - Angela Major
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Eva C. Guinan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
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18
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Chen J, Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhao D, Wu M, Fan J, Li J, Gong Y, Dan N, Yang D, Liu R, Zhan Q. The diacylglycerol kinase α (DGKα)/Akt/NF-κB feedforward loop promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression via FAK-dependent and FAK-independent manner. Oncogene 2018; 38:2533-2550. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Zheng X, Wu K, Liao S, Pan Y, Sun Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Xia S, Hu Y, Zhang J. MicroRNA-transcription factor network analysis reveals miRNAs cooperatively suppress RORA in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:79. [PMID: 30293994 PMCID: PMC6174157 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents over 90% of oral cancer incidence, while its mechanisms of tumorigenesis remain poorly characterized. In this study, we applied RNA-seq and microRNA-seq methodologies in four pairs of cancer and adjacent normal tissues to profile the contribution of miRNAs to tumorigenesis-altered functional pathways by constructing a comprehensive miRNA-mediated mRNA regulatory network. There were 213 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and 2172 DE mRNAs with the involvement of negative miRNA-mRNA interactions identified by at least two pairs of cancerous tissues. GO analysis revealed that the upregulated microRNAs significantly contributed to a global down-regulation of a number of transcription factors (TFs) in OSCC. Among the negative regulatory networks between the selected miRNAs (133) and TFs (167), circadian rhythm genes (RORA, RORB, RORC, and CLOCK) simultaneously regulated by multiple microRNAs were of particular interest. For instance, RORA transcript was predicted to be targeted by 25 co-upregulated miRNAs, of which, miR-503-5p, miR-450b-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-181a-5p and miR-183-5p were further validated to directly target RORA, resulting in a stronger effect on RORA suppression together. In addition, we showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of RORα were significantly decreased in most OSCC samples, associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. RORα significantly suppressed the proliferation of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Attenuated RORα decreased p53 protein expression and suppressed p53 phosphorylation activity. Altogether, our results strongly suggest the importance of the role of miRNAs in regulating the activity of circadian rhythm-related TFs network during OSCC tumorigenesis, and provide further clues to understand the clinical link between circadian rhythm and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejing Wu
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Shengjie Liao
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China.,Laboratory for Genome Regulation and Human Health, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Yuemei Pan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinming Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China.,Laboratory for Genome Regulation and Human Health, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Shu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaying Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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20
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Li Z, Yang Z, Passaniti A, Lapidus RG, Liu X, Cullen KJ, Dan HC. A positive feedback loop involving EGFR/Akt/mTORC1 and IKK/NF-kB regulates head and neck squamous cell carcinoma proliferation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31892-906. [PMID: 26895469 PMCID: PMC5077984 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression or mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been associated with a number of cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Increasing evidence indicates that both the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) are constitutively active and contribute to aggressive HNSCC downstream of EGFR. However, whether these two oncogenic signaling pathways exhibit molecular and functional crosstalk in HNSCC is unclear. Our results now reveal that mTORC1, not mTORC2, contributes to NF-κB activation downstream of EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling. Mechanistically, mTORC1 enhances the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) activity to accelerate NF-κB signaling. Concomitantly, activated NF-κB/IKK up-regulates EGFR expression through positive feedback regulation. Blockage of NF-κB/IKK activity by the novel IKKβ specific inhibitor, CmpdA, leads to significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. CmpdA also sensitizes intrinsic cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cells to cisplatin treatment. Our findings reveal a new mechanism by which EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling promotes head and neck cancer progression and underscores the need for developing a therapeutic strategy for targeting IKK/NF-κB either as a single agent or in combination with cisplatin in head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zejia Yang
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonino Passaniti
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin J Cullen
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Han C Dan
- The Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Silva LP, Gonzaga AKG, Serpa MS, Nascimento GJF, Sobral APV. Immunohistochemical expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and cyclin-D1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Hettmann A, Demcsák A, Bach Á, Decsi G, Dencs Á, Pálinkó D, Rovó L, Nagy K, Minarovits J, Takács M. Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Torque Teno Virus in Salivary and Tumor Biopsy Samples from Head and Neck Carcinoma Patients. Intervirology 2016; 59:123-129. [DOI: 10.1159/000452974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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23
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NFκB activation demarcates a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma patients for targeted therapy. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:523-536. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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24
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Kamide D, Yamashita T, Araki K, Tomifuji M, Tanaka Y, Tanaka S, Shiozawa S, Shiotani A. Selective activator protein-1 inhibitor T-5224 prevents lymph node metastasis in an oral cancer model. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:666-73. [PMID: 26918517 PMCID: PMC4970834 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a transcriptional factor that regulates the expression of various genes associated with tumor invasion and migration. The purpose of our study was to assess the therapeutic effects of a novel selective AP-1 inhibitor, T-5224, in preventing lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in an orthotopic mouse model. We assessed the effect of T-5224 on HNSCC cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and MMP activity by carrying out an in vitro study using an invasion assay, scratch assay, WST-8 assay, and gelatin zymography. We also observed morphological changes in HNSCC cells by time-lapse microscopy. Furthermore, cervical lymph node metastasis was assessed using an orthotopic tumor model of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC-3-M3) injected in the tongue of a BALB/c nude mouse. T-5224 (150 mg/kg) or vehicle was given orally every day for 4 weeks. Animals were killed and assessed for lymph node metastasis by H&E staining of resected lymph nodes. T-5224 significantly inhibited the invasion, migration, and MMP activity of HNSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner; there was no significant influence on cell proliferation. The antimetastatic effect of T-5224 was also confirmed in our animal study. The rate of cervical lymph node metastasis in the model was 40.0% in the T-5224-treated group (n = 30) versus 74.1% in the vehicle-treated group (n = 27; P < 0.05). In conclusion, T-5224 inhibited the invasion and migration of HNSCC cells in vitro, and prevented lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kamide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Taku Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Koji Araki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tomifuji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Shunichi Shiozawa
- Department of Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shiotani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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25
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Li F, Shanmugam MK, Siveen KS, Wang F, Ong TH, Loo SY, Swamy MMM, Mandal S, Kumar AP, Goh BC, Kundu T, Ahn KS, Wang LZ, Hui KM, Sethi G. Garcinol sensitizes human head and neck carcinoma to cisplatin in a xenograft mouse model despite downregulation of proliferative biomarkers. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5147-63. [PMID: 25762616 PMCID: PMC4467139 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum compounds such as cisplatin and carboplatin are frequently used as the first-line chemotherapy for the treatment of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we investigated whether garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone can chemosensitize HNSCC to cisplatin. We found that garcinol inhibited the viability of a panel of diverse HNSCC cell lines, enhanced the apoptotic effect of cisplatin, suppressed constitutive as well as cisplatin-induced NF-κB activation, and downregulated the expression of various oncogenic gene products (cyclin D1, Bcl-2, survivin and VEGF). In vivo study showed that administration of garcinol alone (0.5 mg/kg body weight, i.p. five times/week) significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor, and this effect was further increased by cisplatin. Both the markers of proliferation index (Ki-67) and microvessel density (CD31) were downregulated in tumor tissues by the combination of cisplatin and garcinol. The pharmacokinetic results of garcinol indicated that good systemic exposure was achievable after i.p. administration of garcinol at 0.5 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg with mean peak concentration (Cmax) of 1825.4 and 6635.7 nM in the mouse serum, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that garcinol can indeed potentiate the effects of cisplatin by negative regulation of various inflammatory and proliferative biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Tina H Ong
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Ser Yue Loo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Mahadeva M M Swamy
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Somnath Mandal
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Tapas Kundu
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ling Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
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26
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Seppälä M, Tervo S, Pohjola K, Laranne J, Huhtala H, Toppila-Salmi S, Paavonen T. The association and prognostic relevance of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A and inflammation in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. APMIS 2015; 123:1007-15. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miia Seppälä
- Transplantation Laboratory; Haartman Institute; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanni Tervo
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Konsta Pohjola
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Jussi Laranne
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- School of Health Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Transplantation Laboratory; Haartman Institute; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Allergy; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Timo Paavonen
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd; Tampere Finland
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27
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Talero E, García-Mauriño S, Ávila-Román J, Rodríguez-Luna A, Alcaide A, Motilva V. Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Microalgae in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6152-209. [PMID: 26437418 PMCID: PMC4626684 DOI: 10.3390/md13106152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of onset of cancer is influenced by poorly controlled chronic inflammatory processes. Inflammatory diseases related to cancer development include inflammatory bowel disease, which can lead to colon cancer, or actinic keratosis, associated with chronic exposure to ultraviolet light, which can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Chronic inflammatory states expose these patients to a number of signals with tumorigenic effects, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins release and ROS production. In addition, the participation of inflammasomes, autophagy and sirtuins has been demonstrated in pathological processes such as inflammation and cancer. Chemoprevention consists in the use of drugs, vitamins, or nutritional supplements to reduce the risk of developing or having a recurrence of cancer. Numerous in vitro and animal studies have established the potential colon and skin cancer chemopreventive properties of substances from marine environment, including microalgae species and their products (carotenoids, fatty acids, glycolipids, polysaccharides and proteins). This review summarizes the main mechanisms of actions of these compounds in the chemoprevention of these cancers. These actions include suppression of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, stimulation of antimetastatic and antiangiogenic responses and increased antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Sofía García-Mauriño
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Javier Ávila-Román
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Azahara Rodríguez-Luna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Antonio Alcaide
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
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28
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Li Z, Yang Z, Lapidus RG, Liu X, Cullen KJ, Dan HC. IKK phosphorylation of NF-κB at serine 536 contributes to acquired cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:3098-3110. [PMID: 26693062 PMCID: PMC4656733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment methods for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. For recurrent and metastatic HNSCC, cisplatin is the most common treatment option, but most of patients will eventually develop cisplatin resistance. Therefore, it is imperative to define the mechanisms involved in cisplatin resistance and find novel therapeutic strategies to overcome this deadly disease. In order to determine the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in contributing to acquired cisplatin resistance in HNSCC, the expression and activity of NF-κB and its upstream kinases, IKKα and IKKβ, were evaluated and compared in three pairs of cisplatin sensitive and resistant HNSCC cell lines, including a pair of patient derived HNSCC cell line. The experiments revealed that NF-κB p65 activity was elevated in cisplatin resistant HNSCC cells compared to that in their parent cells. Importantly, the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 at serine 536 and the phosphorylation of IKKα and IKKβ at their activation loops were dramatically elevated in the resistant cell lines. Furthermore, knockdown of NF-κB or overexpression of p65-S536 alanine (p65-S536A) mutant sensitizes resistant cells to cisplatin. Additionally, the novel IKKβ inhibitor CmpdA has been shown to consistently block the phosphorylation of NF-κB at serine 536 while also dramatically improving the efficacy of cisplatin in inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the cisplatin resistant cancer cells. These results indicated that IKK/NF-κB plays a pivotal role in controlling acquired cisplatin resistance and that targeting the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway may provide a possible therapeutic method to overcome the acquired resistance to cisplatin in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zejia Yang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical CenterWashington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin J Cullen
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Han C Dan
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
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29
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Khanna P, Chua PJ, Bay BH, Baeg GH. The JAK/STAT signaling cascade in gastric carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1617-26. [PMID: 26398764 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma remains one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide, despite the decline in incidence rates, increased awareness of the disease and advancement in treatment strategies. Helicobacter pylori infection, dietary factors, lifestyle influences and various genetic aberrations have been shown to contribute to the development and progression of gastric cancer. Recent studies on the genomic landscape of gastric adenocarcinoma have identified several key signaling molecules, including epidermal growth factor receptor family (ErbB) members, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor family (VEGFR) members and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway components, that have been implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancers. However, clinical trials with compounds that target these molecules have failed to show a significant improvement in overall survival rates when supplemented with conventional therapies. Therefore, it is essential to identify effective prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers and develop molecular targeted therapies. The JAK/STAT cascade is a principal signal transduction pathway in cytokine and growth factor signaling, regulating various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that dysregulated JAK/STAT signaling is a driving force in the pathogenesis of various solid cancers as well as hematopoietic malignancies. Hence, a large number of preclinical and clinical studies of drugs targeting this pathway are currently underway. Notably, aberrant JAK/STAT signaling has also been implicated in gastric cancers. In this review, we focus on the ongoing research on the JAK/STAT cascade in gastric carcinoma and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting JAK/STAT signaling for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Khanna
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pei Jou Chua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597, Republic of Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gyeong Hun Baeg
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597, Republic of Singapore
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30
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Zhao Y, Zhang J, Tian Y, Xue C, Hu Z, Zhang L. Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PF-2341066, suppresses growth and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4897-907. [PMID: 26345996 PMCID: PMC4555972 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s85837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We explored the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/Met signaling pathway on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in vitro and in vivo, and investigated the ability of Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) to block HGF-induced biological signaling. Experimental design Met TKI inhibitor PF-2341066 alone, or in combination with cisplatin, was investigated for its ability to block HGF-induced signaling and biological effects in vitro and in vivo. HGF/Met expression and activation of signaling in NPC cells were detected by using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Biological evaluation, including wound healing, cell proliferation, and invasion of NPC cells, was also examined, and the correlation between HGF/Met expression of primary and metastatic tumor in NPC patients and clinical prognosis were also analyzed. Results Met TKI inhibitor, PF-2341066, inhibited growth of NPC cells in vivo with half maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.79±0.21 μmol/L, and suppressed invasion and migration of NPC cells; also, the inhibition of PF-2341066 was synergized with cisplatin treatment. Compared with the control group, Met TKI inhibited metastasis of transplanted NPC in nude mice (the number of live metastases [mean ± SD]: 5.8±2.2 versus 11.8±2.2, P=0.03; the number of lung metastases: 2.3±1.5 versus 5.3±0.9, P=0.06). HGF was widely expressed in both primary and metastatic lesions while Met expression of metastatic lesions was higher than that of primary lesions (primary lesions: 24.7%; liver metastases: 40%; lung metastases: 29%; lymph node metastases: 29%, P<0.05), and overall survival of NPC patients with higher expression of Met was shorter (P=0.13). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that HGF/Met signaling promoted NPC growth, further resulting in metastasis and poor prognosis. Met TKI, PF-2341066, showed potent antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro which was enhanced by combination with cisplatin. Our study implied that HGF/Met signaling was the potential therapeutic target in NPC, and blockage of the signaling could prevent growth and metastasis of NPC and derive clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guang Zhou Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihuang Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; National Anti-Cancer Drug Research Centre, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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31
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Raudenska M, Sztalmachova M, Gumulec J, Fojtu M, Polanska H, Balvan J, Feith M, Binkova H, Horakova Z, Kostrica R, Kizek R, Masarik M. Prognostic significance of the tumour-adjacent tissue in head and neck cancers. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9929-39. [PMID: 26168959 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with significant advances in operative skills and adjuvant therapies, the overall survival of patients suffering with head and neck squamous cancers (HNSCC) is unsatisfactory. Accordingly, no clinically useful prognostic biomarkers have been found yet for HNSCC. Many studies analysed the expression of potential markers in tumour tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Nevertheless, due to the sharing of the same microenvironment, adjacent tissues show molecular similarity to tumour tissues. Thus, gene expression patterns of 94 HNSCC tumorous tissues were compared with 31 adjacent tissues and with 10 tonsillectomy specimens of non-cancer individuals. The genes analysed at RNA level using quantitative RT-PCR and correlated with clinico-pathological conditions were as follows: EGF, EGFR, MKI67, BCL2, BAX, FOS, JUN, TP53, VEGF, FLT1, MMP2, MMP9, MT1A and MT2A. The elevated MT2A, BAX, EGF and JUN expression was associated with the influence of tumour cells on the rearrangement of healthy tissues, as well as a significant shift in the BAX/BCL2 ratio. Our investigation also indicated that adjacent tissues play an important role in cancerogenesis by releasing several tumour-supporting factors such as EGF. A gradual increase in the metallothionein expression, from the lowest one in tonsillectomy samples to the highest ones in tumour samples, suggests that MT expression might be tissue reaction to the presence of tumour cells. The results of this study confirmed the significance of metallothionein in tumori-genesis and gave evidences for its use as a potential HNSCC biomarker. Furthermore, this study highlighted the importance of histologically normal tumour-adjacent tissue in prediction of HNSCC progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Sztalmachova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Fojtu
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Polanska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Feith
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Binkova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Horakova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rom Kostrica
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Liu R, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhang X, Mikkelsen R, Song S, Zhou H. HIV Protease Inhibitors Sensitize Human Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells to Radiation by Activating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125928. [PMID: 25933118 PMCID: PMC4416809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most malignant cancer worldwide. Despite significant advances in the delivery of treatment and surgical reconstruction, there is no significant improvement of mortality rates for this disease in the past decades. Radiotherapy is the core component of the clinical combinational therapies for HNSCC. However, the tumor cells have a tendency to develop radiation resistance, which is a major barrier to effective treatment. HIV protease inhibitors (HIV PIs) have been reported with radiosensitizing activities in HNSCC cells, but the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study has shown that HIV PIs induce cell apoptosis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The aim of this study was to examine the role of ER stress in HIV PI-induced radiosensitivity in human HNSCC. Methodology and Principal Findings HNSCC cell lines, SQ20B and FaDu, and the most commonly used HIV PIs, lopinavir and ritonavir (L/R), were used in this study. Clonogenic assay was used to assess the radiosensitivity. Cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed using Cellometer Vision CBA. The mRNA and protein levels of ER stress-related genes (eIF2α, CHOP, ATF-4, and XBP-1), as well as cell cycle related protein, cyclin D1, were detected by real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The results demonstrated that L/R dose-dependently sensitized HNSCC cells to irradiation and inhibited cell growth. L/R-induced activation of ER stress was correlated to down-regulation of cyclin D1 expression and cell cycle arrest under G0/G1 phase. Conclusion and Significance HIV PIs sensitize HNSCC cells to radiotherapy by activation of ER stress and induction of cell cycle arrest. Our results provided evidence that HIV PIs can be potentially used in combination with radiation in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runping Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
| | - Ross Mikkelsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
| | - Shiyu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America; McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, United States of America
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Li F, Zhang J, Arfuso F, Chinnathambi A, Zayed ME, Alharbi SA, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Sethi G. NF-κB in cancer therapy. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:711-31. [PMID: 25690730 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has attracted increasing attention in the field of cancer research from last few decades. Aberrant activation of this transcription factor is frequently encountered in a variety of solid tumors and hematological malignancies. NF-κB family members and their regulated genes have been linked to malignant transformation, tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion/metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we highlight the diverse molecular mechanism(s) by which the NF-κB pathway is constitutively activated in different types of human cancers, and the potential role of various oncogenic genes regulated by this transcription factor in cancer development and progression. Additionally, various pharmacological approaches employed to target the deregulated NF-κB signaling pathway, and their possible therapeutic potential in cancer therapy is also discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Funk S, Mark R, Bayo P, Flechtenmacher C, Grabe N, Angel P, Plinkert PK, Hess J. High S100A8 and S100A12 protein expression is a favorable prognostic factor for survival of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2037-46. [PMID: 25302747 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
S100/calgranulins (S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12) are key players of innate immune function and elevated levels are a characteristic feature of acute and chronic inflammation, and inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. However, reduced S100A8 and S100A9 expression has been detected for squamous cell carcinoma, including the head and neck region (HNSCC), which originate from mucosal epithelia with abundant expression of both proteins under physiological conditions. In contrast to S100A8 and S100A9, only sparse information is available for S100A12 and a comparative study of all three S100/calgranulins in HNSCC is still missing. We analyzed S100/calgranulin protein levels in a retrospective patient cohort (n = 131) of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays. Common characteristics of all three S100/calgranulins were: (i) abundant expression in supra-basal keratinocytes of normal mucosa with predominant nuclear staining, (ii) low expression in 30.4-51.9% of primary OPSCCs and (iii) variable accumulation of S100/calgranulin-positive immune cells in the tumor stroma. These features were associated with histopathological characteristics, such as tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed worse overall survival of OPSCC patients with simultaneous reduction of S100A8 and S100A12 expression, while expression of S100A9 or presence of the S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer had no impact, suggesting distinct regulation and function of individual S100/calgranulins in the pathogenesis of HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Funk
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Section Experimental and Translational Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Minelli R, Occhipinti S, Gigliotti CL, Barrera G, Gasco P, Conti L, Chiocchetti A, Zara GP, Fantozzi R, Giovarelli M, Dianzani U, Dianzani C. Solid lipid nanoparticles of cholesteryl butyrate inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo models. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:233-44. [PMID: 23713413 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles containing cholesteryl butyrate (cholbut SLN) can be a delivery system for the anti-cancer drug butyrate. These nanoparticles inhibit adhesion of polymorphonuclear and tumour cells to endothelial cells and migration of tumour cells, suggesting that they may act as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour agents. Here we have evaluated the effects of cholbut SLN on tumour cell growth using in vitro and in vivo models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cholbut SLNs were incubated with cultures of four tumour cell lines, and cell growth was analysed by assessing viability, clonogenic capacity and cell cycle. Effects on intracellular signalling was assessed by Western blot analysis of Akt expression. The in vivo anti-tumour activity was measured in two models of PC-3 cell xenografts in SCID/Beige mice. KEY RESULTS Cholbut SLN inhibited tumour cell line viability, clonogenic activity, Akt phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. In mice injected i.v. with PC3-Luc cells and treated with cholbut SLN, . in vivo optical imaging and histological analysis showed no metastases in the lungs of the treated mice. In another set of mice injected s.c. with PC-3 cells and treated with cholbut SLN when the tumour diameter reached 2 mm, analysis of the tumour dimensions showed that treatment with cholbut SLN substantially delayed tumour growth. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Cholbut SLN were effective in inhibiting tumour growth in vitro and in vivo. These effects may involve, in part, inhibition of Akt phosphorylation, which adds another mechanism to the activity of this multipotent drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Minelli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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Sharp L, McDevitt J, Carsin AE, Brown C, Comber H. Smoking at Diagnosis Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Cancer-Specific Survival in Head and Neck Cancer: Findings from a Large, Population-Based Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2579-90. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ramirez-Garcia A, Rementeria A, Aguirre-Urizar JM, Moragues MD, Antoran A, Pellon A, Abad-Diaz-de-Cerio A, Hernando FL. Candida albicans and cancer: Can this yeast induce cancer development or progression? Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:181-93. [PMID: 24963692 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.913004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is currently increasing concern about the relation between microbial infections and cancer. More and more studies support the view that there is an association, above all, when the causal agents are bacteria or viruses. This review adds to this, summarizing evidence that the opportunistic fungus Candida albicans increases the risk of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Until recent years, Candida spp. had fundamentally been linked to cancerous processes as it is an opportunist pathogen that takes advantage of the immunosuppressed state of patients particularly due to chemotherapy. In contrast, the most recent findings demonstrate that C. albicans is capable of promoting cancer by several mechanisms, as described in the review: production of carcinogenic byproducts, triggering of inflammation, induction of Th17 response and molecular mimicry. We underline the need not only to control this type of infection during cancer treatment, especially given the major role of this yeast species in nosocomial infections, but also to find new therapeutic approaches to avoid the pro-tumor effect of this fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aize Pellon
- a Department of Immunology, Microbiology, and Parasitology
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38
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Kesselring R, Thiel A, Pries R, Fichtner-Feigl S, Brunner S, Seidel P, Bruchhage KL, Wollenberg B. The complement receptors CD46, CD55 and CD59 are regulated by the tumour microenvironment of head and neck cancer to facilitate escape of complement attack. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2152-61. [PMID: 24915776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membrane-bound complement restriction proteins (mCRPs) CD46, CD55 and CD59 enable tumour cells to evade complement dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent killing mechanisms. But less is known about the role of these mCRPs in head and neck cancer. METHODS In this study we determined the expression of the mCRPs on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, on tumour tissue and TDLNs (tumour-draining lymph nodes) as well as on lymphocytes from HNSCC patients. The influence of the HNSCC microenvironment on the mCRP regulation was analysed using Flow Cytometry, Western blotting and small interfering RNAs (siRNA) transfection studies. RESULTS We examined the effects of the HNSCC tumour milieu on the expression levels of CD46, CD55 and CD59. We investigated the susceptibility of HNSCC cells to CDC (complement-dependent cytotoxicity) while silencing the mCRPs. Our results demonstrate a huge influence of the HNSCC tumour microenvironment on the regulation of mCRP expression and show a reciprocal regulation between the different mCRPs themselves. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data indicate that HNSCC has evolved different strategies to evade complement attacks and that the tumour microenvironment leads to the enhancement of complement resistance of the surrounding tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kesselring
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Annette Thiel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Pries
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Seidel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Bruchhage
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Plastic Surgery, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany.
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Arginase and C-reactive protein as potential serum-based biomarker of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients of north east India. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6739-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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40
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Kindt N, Lechien JR, Nonclercq D, Laurent G, Saussez S. Involvement of CD74 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:937-47. [PMID: 24663824 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been extensively studied in the context of inflammation and inflammatory disorders, less work has been devoted to its involvement in cancer, notably in neoplastic progression. In a previous study, we have found evidence that MIF plays a role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The current investigations were undertaken in order to estimate the importance of the MIF receptor, CD74 in the progression of HNSCC. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cohort of 46 cases of oral cavity carcinomas, immunohistochemical staining revealed an increase in CD74 expression during progression from benign lesions to carcinoma. As shown by cell culture experiments using squamous carcinoma cell line (SCCVII) transduced with anti-CD74 shRNA, the amount of cell-produced VEGF was lower in SCCVII CD74KD cell line compared with control SCCVII CD74sc cell line, suggesting that CD74 could be implicated in angiogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of CD74 decreased proliferation of SCCVII cells in vitro. The migration of SCCVII cells, as well as the cell secretion of matrix metallopeptidase 9, was also negatively affected by CD74 knockdown. These observations in vitro were confirmed in an orthotopic mouse model of SCC where tumors produced by SCCVII CD74KD cell inoculation were found to grow more slowly than tumors generated by SCCVII CD74sc cells. CONCLUSION The clinical observations and experimental data reported here suggest that CD74, as well as MIF, plays a pivotal role in HNSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Kindt
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Pentagone 2A, 6 Ave du Champ de Mars, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Curry JM, Sprandio J, Cognetti D, Luginbuhl A, Bar-ad V, Pribitkin E, Tuluc M. Tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Semin Oncol 2014; 41:217-34. [PMID: 24787294 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is comprised of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and other supporting cells. Genetic changes in the carcinoma cells, such as alterations to TP53, NOTCH1, and specific gene expression profiles, contribute to derangements in cancer and microenvironment cells such as increased ROS, overproduction of cytokines, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). CAFs are among the most critical elements of the TME contributing to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The adaptive immune response is suppressed in HNSCC through overexpression of cytokines, triggered apoptosis of T cells, and alterations in antigen processing machinery. Overexpression of critical cytokines, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), contributes to EMT, immune suppression, and evolution of CAFs. Inflammation and hypoxia are driving forces in angiogenesis and altered metabolism. HNSCC utilizes glycolytic and oxidative metabolism to fuel tumorigenesis via coupled mechanisms between cancer cell regions and cells of the TME. Increased understanding of the TME in HNSCC illustrates that the long-held notion of "condemned mucosa" reflects a process that extends beyond the epithelial cells to the entire tissue comprised of each of these elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Curry
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - John Sprandio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David Cognetti
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Adam Luginbuhl
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Voichita Bar-ad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Edmund Pribitkin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Madalina Tuluc
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Du J, Romano RA, Si H, Mattox A, Bian Y, Yang X, Sinha S, Van Waes C, Chen Z. Epidermal overexpression of transgenic ΔNp63 promotes type 2 immune and myeloid inflammatory responses and hyperplasia via NF-κB activation. J Pathol 2014; 232:356-68. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Du
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
- Central Laboratory, Nanshan Hospital; Guangdong Medical College; Shenzhen Guangdong 518052 China
| | - Rose-Anne Romano
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo; Center for Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences; Buffalo New York USA
| | - Han Si
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Austin Mattox
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Yansong Bian
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Xinping Yang
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo; Center for Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences; Buffalo New York USA
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Clinical Genomics Unit and Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; NIH, Bethesda MD 20892 USA
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Uehara T, Kanazawa T, Mizukami H, Uchibori R, Tsukahara T, Urabe M, Kume A, Misawa K, Carey TE, Suzuki M, Ichimura K, Ozawa K. Novel anti-tumor mechanism of galanin receptor type 2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2013; 105:72-80. [PMID: 24168112 PMCID: PMC4317884 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Galanin and its receptors, GALR1 and GALR2, are known tumor suppressors and potential therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Previously, we demonstrated that, in GALR1-expressing HNSCC cells, the addition of galanin suppressed tumor proliferation via upregulation of ERK1/2 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, whereas, in GALR2-expressing cells, the addition of galanin not only suppressed proliferation, but also induced apoptosis. In this study, we first transduced HEp-2 and KB cell lines using a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector and confirmed a high GFP expression rate (>90%) in both cell lines at the standard vector dose. Next, we demonstrated that GALR2 expression in the presence of galanin suppressed cell viability to 40-60% after 72 h in both cell lines. Additionally, the annexin V-positive rate and sub-G0/G1 phase population were significantly elevated in HEp-2 cells (mock vs GALR2: 12.3 vs 25.0% (P < 0.01) and 9.1 vs 32.0% (P < 0.05), respectively) after 48 h. These changes were also observed in KB cells, although to a lesser extent. Furthermore, in HEp-2 cells, GALR2-mediated apoptosis was caspase-independent, involving downregulation of ERK1/2, followed by induction of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, Bim. These results illustrate that transient GALR2 expression in the presence of galanin induces apoptosis via diverse pathways and serves as a platform for suicide gene therapy against HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Uehara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan; Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
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Friedman JA, Wise SC, Hu M, Gouveia C, Vander Broek R, Freudlsperger C, Kannabiran VR, Arun P, Mitchell JB, Chen Z, Van Waes C. HSP90 Inhibitor SNX5422/2112 Targets the Dysregulated Signal and Transcription Factor Network and Malignant Phenotype of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2013; 6:429-41. [PMID: 23908686 PMCID: PMC3730018 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a chaperone protein that stabilizes proteins involved in oncogenic and therapeutic resistance pathways of epithelial cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Here, we characterized the molecular, cellular, and preclinical activity of HSP90 inhibitor SNX5422/2112 in HNSCC overexpressing HSP90. SNX2112 inhibited proliferation, induced G2/M block, and enhanced cytotoxicity, chemosensitivity, and radiosensitivity between 25 and 250 nM in vitro. SNX2112 showed combinatorial activity with paclitaxel in wild-type (wt) TP53-deficient and cisplatin in mutant (mt) TP53 HNSCC lines. SNX2112 decreased expression or phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-MET, v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, inhibitor κB kinase, and signal transducer and transcription factor 3 (STAT3), corresponding downstream nuclear factor κB, activator protein-1, and STAT3 reporter genes, and target oncogenes and angiogenic cytokines. Furthermore, SNX2112 enhanced re-expression of TP53 and targets p21WAF1 and PUMA, while TP53 inhibitor Pifithrin or siRNA attenuated the antiproliferative activity of SNX2112 in wtTP53 HNSCC in vitro. Prodrug SNX5422 similarly down-modulated key signal targets, enhanced TP53 expression and apoptosis, and inhibited proliferation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis in a wtTP53-deficient HNSCC xenograft model. Thus, HSP90 inhibitor SNX5422/2112 broadly modulates multiple key nodes within the dysregulated signaling network, with corresponding effects upon the malignant phenotype. Our data support investigation of SNX5422/2112 in combination with paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiotherapy in HNSCC with different TP53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A Friedman
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephanie C Wise
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael Hu
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chris Gouveia
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert Vander Broek
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christian Freudlsperger
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vishnu R Kannabiran
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Pattatheyil Arun
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - James B Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Li F, Shanmugam MK, Chen L, Chatterjee S, Basha J, Kumar AP, Kundu TK, Sethi G. Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone modulates multiple proinflammatory signaling cascades leading to the suppression of growth and survival of head and neck carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:843-54. [PMID: 23803415 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive activation of proinflammatory transcription factors such as STAT3 and NF-κB plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). Thus, the agents that can modulate deregulated STAT3 and NF-κB activation have a great potential both for the prevention and treatment of HNSCC. In the present report, we investigated the potential effects of garcinol, an active component of Garcinia indica on various inflammatory mediators involved in HNSCC progression using cell lines and xenograft mouse model. We found that garcinol inhibited constitutively activated STAT3 in HNSCC cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which correlated with the suppression of the upstream kinases (c-Src, JAK1, and JAK2) in HNSCC cells. Also, we noticed that the generation of reactive oxygen species is involved in STAT3 inhibitory effect of garcinol. Furthermore, garcinol exhibited an inhibitory effect on the constitutive NF-κB activation, mediated through the suppression of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and inhibitor of IκB kinase (IKK) activation in HNSCC cells. Garcinol also downregulated the expression of various gene products involved in proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis that led to the reduction of cell viability and induction of apoptosis in HNSCC cells. When administered intraperitoneally, garcinol inhibited the growth of human HNSCC xenograft tumors in male athymic nu/nu mice. Overall, our results suggest for the first time that garcinol mediates its antitumor effects in HNSCC cells and mouse model through the suppression of multiple proinflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Lee CH, Hyun MK, Jang EJ, Lee NR, Kim K, Yim JJ. Inhaled corticosteroid use and risks of lung cancer and laryngeal cancer. Respir Med 2013; 107:1222-33. [PMID: 23768737 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers, including lung and laryngeal cancer. The objective of the study is to elucidate the association between ICS use and diagnosis of lung and laryngeal cancer. METHODS A nested case-control study based on the Korean national claims database included new adult users of inhaled medications between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2010. Patients diagnosed with lung cancer or laryngeal cancer after enrollment were identified as cases and up to five control individuals matched for age, sex, diagnosis of asthma or COPD, Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, number of health care visits, and initiation date were selected. RESULTS From the 792,687 eligible cohort, 9177 individuals diagnosed with lung cancer were matched with 37,048 controls. Additionally, 408 laryngeal cancer patients and 1651 controls were matched. ICS use was associated with a decreased rate of lung cancer diagnosis [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-0.90]. The inverse association between ICS use and lung cancer risk was dose dependent (P < 0.0001 for the trend). However, no reduction in the risk of laryngeal cancer among ICS users was identified (aOR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.62-1.18). CONCLUSION The use of ICS is associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer but not of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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47
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Jian SL, Hsieh HY, Liao CT, Yen TC, Nien SW, Cheng AJ, Juang JL. Gα₁₂ drives invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma through up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66133. [PMID: 23762476 PMCID: PMC3676329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks among the top ten most prevalent cancers worldwide. Like most head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), OSCC is highly inflammatory and aggressive. However, the signaling pathways triggering the activation of its inflammatory processes remain elusive. G protein-coupled receptor signaling regulates the inflammatory response and invasiveness of cancers, but it remains unclear whether Gα12 is a critical player in the inflammatory cytokine pathway during the tumorigenesis of OSCC. This study was undertaken to determine the role of Gα12 signaling in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in their mediation of OSCC invasion. We found that both the transcription and protein levels of Gα12 are up-regulated in OSCC tumors. The elevated Gα12 expressions in OSCC patients also correlated with extra-capsular spread, an indicator of tumor invasiveness in HNSCCs. This clinical finding was supported by the studies of overexpression and RNAi knockdown of Gα12 in OSCC cells, which demonstrated that Gα12 promoted tumor cell migration and invasion. To understand how Gα12 modulates OSCC invasiveness, we analyzed key biological processes in microarray data upon depletion of Gα12 and found that cytokine- and other immune-related pathways were severely impaired. Importantly, the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 proinflammatory cytokines in clinical samples were found to be significantly correlated with the increased Gα12 levels, suggesting a potential role of Gα12 in modulating the IL-6 and IL-8 expressions. Supporting this hypothesis, overexpression or RNAi knockdown of Gα12 in OSCC cell lines both showed that Gα12 positively regulated the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Finally, we demonstrated that the Gα12 promotion of tumor cell invasiveness was suppressed by the neutralization of IL-6 and IL-8 in OSCC cells. Together, these findings suggest that Gα12 drives OSCC invasion through the up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Ling Jian
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hsieh
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Nien
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Graduate School of Medical Biotechnology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Lyh Juang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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48
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Leef G, Thomas SM. Molecular communication between tumor-associated fibroblasts and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2013; 49:381-6. [PMID: 23357526 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, it has become increasingly clear that the lethality of cancers depends on more than the malignant cells themselves. The environment those malignant cells are exposed to is just as important a determinant of their behavior. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is both common and deadly. It is the 6th most frequently occurring cancers, and prognosis is still generally poor. Recent evidence indicates that activated fibroblasts residing within the tumor stroma play a significant role in promoting the aggressive spread often seen in head and neck cancer. Tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) have also been implicated in facilitating angiogenesis and suppressing the normal anti-tumor function of immune cells. Studying the signaling molecules involved in these processes will facilitate the development of promising targets and inhibitors to prevent tumor-associated fibroblasts from exerting their reinforcing effects on the tumor. In this article, we review the recent literature on the signals used in tumor associated fibroblast communication, with a focus on potential therapeutic targets. Further, we highlight the lead candidates for TAF-targeted therapeutic interventions. Future anti-cancer strategies may achieve better results than current approaches by targeting the support cells in tumor stroma in addition to the cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Leef
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, USA
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49
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Pendyala G, Joshi S, Chaudhari S, Gandhage D. Links demystified: Periodontitis and cancer. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10:704-12. [PMID: 24379856 PMCID: PMC3872619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is marked by the uncontrolled growth of cells, tissue invasion and metastasis to various organs via the circulatory and lymphatic systems. Recent data have expanded the concept that inflammation is a critical component of tumor progression. Many cancers arise from sites of infection, chronic irritation, and inflammation. The tumor microenvironment, which is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells, is an indispensable participant in the neoplastic process, fostering proliferation, survival, and migration. Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition is characterized by an oral bacterial infection leading to inflammation within the supporting tissues of the teeth, which often leads to the destruction of the periodontal tissues and alveolar bone that support the teeth. This oral inflammation often has systemic effects leading to an increased concentration of circulating inflammatory markers with the severity of disease being correlated directly with levels of serum inflammatory markers. Periodontal infection has been linked to organ and systemic diseases. There is documented evidence of significant associations between cancer of the lung, kidney, pancreas, hematological and oral cancers, and periodontal disease. This articles reviews and summarizes the possible biological mechanisms involved between periodontal infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Pendyala
- Department of Periodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Gowri Pendyala, Department of Periodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra - 413 736, India. E-mail:
| | - Saurabh Joshi
- Department of Pedodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shantanu Chaudhari
- Department of Pedodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhananjay Gandhage
- Department of Prosthodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
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50
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Koontongkaew S. The tumor microenvironment contribution to development, growth, invasion and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Cancer 2013; 4:66-83. [PMID: 23386906 PMCID: PMC3564248 DOI: 10.7150/jca.5112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a complex tissue that contains tumor cells and the surrounding stroma, which is populated by different types of mesenchymal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Collectively, they are referred to as the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have shown that TME has a more profound influence on the growth and metastasis of HNSCC than was previously appreciated. Because carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are frequently observed in the stroma of the tumor, this review focuses on the potential role of tumor-CAFs interactions in progression of HNSCC. Tumor-CAFs crosstalk enhances the production of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and inflammatory mediators, which eventually facilitates tumor growth. In fact, factors and cells that do not support tumor growth are usually down regulated or mitigated in TME. Therefore TME may determine the fate of the tumors at the site of invasion and metastasis. For tumor cells that survive at these sites, stromal activation may serve to establish a supportive tumor stroma, fostering the outgrowth of the metastatic cells. The concept of tumor-stromal interactions and microenvironmental niche has profound consequences in tumor growth and metastasis and therefore, it's understanding will open up new strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sittichai Koontongkaew
- 1. Oral Biology Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Prathumtani 12121, Thailand ; 2. Medicinal Herb Research Unit, Thammasat University, Thailand
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