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Xu L, Wei H, Sun Z, Chu T, Li M, Liu R, Jiang L, Liang Z. Dynamic alterations of spontaneous neural activity in post-stroke aphasia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1177930. [PMID: 37250389 PMCID: PMC10213748 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The dynamic alterations in spontaneous neural activity of the brain during the acute phase of post-stroke aphasia (PSA) remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF) was applied to explore abnormal temporal variability in local functional activity of the brain during acute PSA. Materials and methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 26 patients with PSA and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were acquired. The sliding window method was used to assess dALFF, with the k-means clustering method used to identify dALFF states. The two-sample t-test was applied to compare differences in dALFF variability and state metrics between the PSA and HC groups. Results (1) In the PSA group, greater variance of dALFF in the cerebellar network (CBN) and left fronto-temporo-parietal network (FTPN) was observed. (2) Three dALFF states were identified among all subjects. States 1 and 2 were identified in the PSA patients, and the two dALFF states shared a similar proportion. Moreover, the number of transitions between the two dALFF states was higher in the patients compared with that in HCs. Conclusion The results of this study provide valuable insights into brain dysfunction that occurs during the acute phase (6.00 ± 3.52 days) of PSA. The observed increase in variability of local functional activities in CBN and left FTPN may be related to the spontaneous functional recovery of language during acute PSA, and it also suggests that cerebellum plays an important role in language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hongchun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongwen Sun
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Tongpeng Chu
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ruhui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhigang Liang
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Bruffaerts R, Pongos A, Shain C, Lipkin B, Siegelman M, Wens V, Sjøgård M, Pantazis D, Blank I, Goldman S, De Tiège X, Fedorenko E. Functional identification of language-responsive channels in individual participants in MEG investigations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.533424. [PMID: 36993378 PMCID: PMC10055362 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.533424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Making meaningful inferences about the functional architecture of the language system requires the ability to refer to the same neural units across individuals and studies. Traditional brain imaging approaches align and average brains together in a common space. However, lateral frontal and temporal cortex, where the language system resides, is characterized by high structural and functional inter-individual variability. This variability reduces the sensitivity and functional resolution of group-averaging analyses. This problem is compounded by the fact that language areas often lay in close proximity to regions of other large-scale networks with different functional profiles. A solution inspired by other fields of cognitive neuroscience (e.g., vision) is to identify language areas functionally in each individual brain using a 'localizer' task (e.g., a language comprehension task). This approach has proven productive in fMRI, yielding a number of discoveries about the language system, and has been successfully extended to intracranial recording investigations. Here, we apply this approach to MEG. Across two experiments (one in Dutch speakers, n=19; one in English speakers, n=23), we examined neural responses to the processing of sentences and a control condition (nonword sequences). We demonstrated that the neural response to language is spatially consistent at the individual level. The language-responsive sensors of interest were, as expected, less responsive to the nonwords condition. Clear inter-individual differences were present in the topography of the neural response to language, leading to greater sensitivity when the data were analyzed at the individual level compared to the group level. Thus, as in fMRI, functional localization yields benefits in MEG and thus opens the door to probing fine-grained distinctions in space and time in future MEG investigations of language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Bruffaerts
- Computational Neurology, Experimental Neurobiology Unit (ENU), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alvince Pongos
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley-UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cory Shain
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Lipkin
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Siegelman
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincent Wens
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Sjøgård
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Pantazis
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Idan Blank
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Serge Goldman
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Collette E, Content A, Schelstraete MA, Chetail F. The extraction of orthographic and phonological structure of printed words in adults with dyslexia. DYSLEXIA (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2022; 28:4-19. [PMID: 34580944 DOI: 10.1002/dys.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the extraction of orthographic and phonological structure of written words in adults with dyslexia. In adults without learning difficulties, Chetail and Content showed that orthographic structure, as determined by the number of vowel letter clusters, influences visual word length estimation. The authors also found a phonological effect determined by the number of syllables of words. In the present study, 22 French-speaking students diagnosed with dyslexia in childhood and 22 students without learning disabilities were compared. All participants performed the task of estimating word length. The pattern of results obtained by Chetail and Content was replicated: length estimates were biased by both the number of syllables and the number of vowel letter clusters. The study showed a significant interaction between phonological bias and group. The phonological effect was less important in students with dyslexia, suggesting reduced sensitivity to phonological parsing in reading. In contrast, the orthographic effect did not differ significantly between groups, suggesting that the sensitivity to the orthographic structure of written words is preserved in students with dyslexia despite their low-quality orthographic representations. We conclude that there is no systematic association between sensitivity to the structure of representations and quality of their content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Collette
- IPSY, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alain Content
- LCLD, CRCN, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. Roosevelt 50 - CP 191, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Fabienne Chetail
- LCLD, CRCN, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. Roosevelt 50 - CP 191, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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El Akiki C, Content A. Early Sensitivity to Morphology in Beginning Readers of Arabic. Front Psychol 2020; 11:552315. [PMID: 33071873 PMCID: PMC7538675 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.552315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the influence of morphological structure on the earliest stages of Arabic reading acquisition. More specifically, we aimed at examining the role of root and pattern units in beginners from Grade 1 to 3. A first set of reading tasks evaluated the presence of a morphology facilitation effect in word and pseudoword reading by manipulating independently the frequency of roots and patterns. Additional tasks aimed at examining the contribution of morphological awareness to reading performance. The results suggest that reading ability is early influenced by the awareness of morphological composition. Children read faster and more accurately pseudowords composed of frequent morphemes. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed, for every reading measure, a significant contribution of one morphological test in addition to grapheme knowledge. Results are discussed taking into account the differences obtained depending on lexicality and morpheme type (root or pattern).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole El Akiki
- Laboratoire Cognition Langage et Développement, Center of Research in Cognition & Neurosciences, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Alain Content
- Laboratoire Cognition Langage et Développement, Center of Research in Cognition & Neurosciences, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Colombo L, Spinelli G, Lupker SJ. The impact of consonant–vowel transpositions on masked priming effects in Italian and English. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2020; 73:183-198. [DOI: 10.1177/1747021819867638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are now a number of reports in the literature that transposed letter (TL) priming effects emerge when two consonants are transposed (e.g., caniso-CASINO) but not when two vowels are transposed (e.g., cinaso-CASINO). In the present article, four masked priming lexical decision experiments, two in Italian and two in English, are reported in which TL priming effects involving the transposition of two adjacent consonants (e.g., atnenna-ANTENNA) were contrasted with those involving the transposition of a vowel and an adjacent consonant (e.g., anetnna-ANTENNA), a contrast not directly examined in the previous literature. In none of the experiments was there any indication that the priming effects were different sizes for the two types of transpositions, including Experiment 4 in which a sandwich priming paradigm was used. These results support the assumption of most orthographic coding models that the consonant–vowel status of the letters is not relevant to the nature of the orthographic code. The question of how to reconcile these results with other TL manipulations investigating vowel versus consonant transpositions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Colombo
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Spinelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Lupker
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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