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Aribisala BS, Valdés Hernández MDC, Okely JA, Cox SR, Ballerini L, Dickie DA, Wiseman SJ, Riha RL, Muñoz Maniega S, Radakovic R, Taylor A, Pattie A, Corley J, Redmond P, Bastin ME, Deary I, Wardlaw JM. Sleep quality, perivascular spaces and brain health markers in ageing - A longitudinal study in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Sleep Med 2023; 106:123-131. [PMID: 37005116 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is thought to play a major role in brain health and general wellbeing. However, few longitudinal studies have explored the relationship between sleep habits and imaging markers of brain health, particularly markers of brain waste clearance such as perivascular spaces (PVS), of neurodegeneration such as brain atrophy, and of vascular disease, such as white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We explore these associations using data collected over 6 years from a birth cohort of older community-dwelling adults in their 70s. METHOD We analysed brain MRI data from ages 73, 76 and 79 years, and self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and vascular risk factors from community-dwelling participants in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study. We calculated sleep efficiency (at age 76), quantified PVS burden (at age 73), and WMH and brain volumes (age 73 to 79), calculated the white matter damage metric, and used structural equation modelling (SEM) to explore associations and potential causative pathways between indicators related to brain waste cleaning (i.e., sleep and PVS burden), brain and WMH volume changes during the 8th decade of life. RESULTS Lower sleep efficiency was associated with a reduction in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) volume (β = 0.204, P = 0.009) from ages 73 to 79, but not concurrent volume (i.e. age 76). Increased daytime sleep correlated with less night-time sleep (r = -0.20, P < 0.001), and with increasing white matter damage metric (β = -0.122, P = 0.018) and faster WMH growth (β = 0.116, P = 0.026). Shorter night-time sleep duration was associated with steeper 6-year reduction of NAWM volumes (β = 0.160, P = 0.011). High burden of PVS at age 73 (volume, count, and visual scores), was associated with faster deterioration in white matter: reduction of NAWM volume (β = -0.16, P = 0.012) and increasing white matter damage metric (β = 0.37, P < 0.001) between ages 73 and 79. On SEM, centrum semiovale PVS burden mediated 5% of the associations between sleep parameters and brain changes. CONCLUSION Sleep impairments, and higher PVS burden, a marker of impaired waste clearance, were associated with faster loss of healthy white matter and increasing WMH in the 8th decade of life. A small percentage of the effect of sleep in white matter health was mediated by the burden of PVS consistent with the proposed role for sleep in brain waste clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Aribisala
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Maria Del C Valdés Hernández
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judith A Okely
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lucia Ballerini
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Stewart J Wiseman
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Renata L Riha
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Sleep Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK
| | - Susana Muñoz Maniega
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ratko Radakovic
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele Taylor
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison Pattie
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janie Corley
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohort Studies, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh, UK.
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Chauhan S, Norbury R, Faßbender KC, Ettinger U, Kumari V. Beyond sleep: A multidimensional model of chronotype. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105114. [PMID: 36868368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronotype can be defined as an expression or proxy for circadian rhythms of varied mechanisms, for example in body temperature, cortisol secretion, cognitive functions, eating and sleeping patterns. It is influenced by a range of internal (e.g., genetics) and external factors (e.g., light exposure), and has implications for health and well-being. Here, we present a critical review and synthesis of existing models of chronotype. Our observations reveal that most existing models and, as a consequence, associated measures of chronotype have focused solely or primarily on the sleep dimension, and typically have not incorporated social and environmental influences on chronotype. We propose a multidimensional model of chronotype, integrating individual (biological and psychological), environmental and social factors that appear to interact to determine an individual's true chronotype with potential feedback loops between these factors. This model could be beneficial not only from a basic science perspective but also in the context of understanding health and clinical implications of certain chronotypes as well as designing preventive and therapeutic approaches for related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Chauhan
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Veena Kumari
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
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Mendoza M, Shotbolt M, Faiq MA, Parra C, Chan KC. Advanced Diffusion MRI of the Visual System in Glaucoma: From Experimental Animal Models to Humans. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030454. [PMID: 35336827 PMCID: PMC8945790 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This review summarizes current applications of advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) throughout the glaucomatous visual system, focusing on the eye, optic nerve, optic tract, subcortical visual brain nuclei, optic radiations, and visual cortex. Glaucoma continues to be the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and often remains undetected until later disease stages. The development of non-invasive methods for early detection of visual pathway integrity could pave the way for timely intervention and targeted treatment strategies. Principles of diffusion have been integrated with MRI protocols to produce a diffusion-weighted imaging modality for studying changes to tissue microstructures by quantifying the movement of water molecules in vivo. The development and applications of diffusion MRI in ophthalmology have allowed a better understanding of neural pathway changes in glaucoma. The feasibility of translating diffusion MRI techniques to assess both humans and experimental animal models of glaucoma and other optic neuropathies or neurodegenerative diseases is discussed. Recent research focuses on overcoming limitations in imaging quality, acquisition times, and biological interpretation suggest that diffusion MRI can provide an important tool for the non-invasive evaluation of glaucomatous changes in the visual system. Abstract Glaucoma is a group of ophthalmologic conditions characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve degeneration, and irreversible vision loss. While intraocular pressure is the only clinically modifiable risk factor, glaucoma may continue to progress at controlled intraocular pressure, indicating other major factors in contributing to the disease mechanisms. Recent studies demonstrated the feasibility of advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) in visualizing the microstructural integrity of the visual system, opening new possibilities for non-invasive characterization of glaucomatous brain changes for guiding earlier and targeted intervention besides intraocular pressure lowering. In this review, we discuss dMRI methods currently used in visual system investigations, focusing on the eye, optic nerve, optic tract, subcortical visual brain nuclei, optic radiations, and visual cortex. We evaluate how conventional diffusion tensor imaging, higher-order diffusion kurtosis imaging, and other extended dMRI techniques can assess the neuronal and glial integrity of the visual system in both humans and experimental animal models of glaucoma, among other optic neuropathies or neurodegenerative diseases. We also compare the pros and cons of these methods against other imaging modalities. A growing body of dMRI research indicates that this modality holds promise in characterizing early glaucomatous changes in the visual system, determining the disease severity, and identifying potential neurotherapeutic targets, offering more options to slow glaucoma progression and to reduce the prevalence of this world’s leading cause of irreversible but preventable blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mendoza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 11201, USA; (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Max Shotbolt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 11201, USA; (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Muneeb A. Faiq
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA; (M.A.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Carlos Parra
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA; (M.A.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Kevin C. Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 11201, USA; (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA; (M.A.F.); (C.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
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Reyes S, Rimkus CDM, Lozoff B, Algarin C, Peirano P. Nighttime Sleep Characteristics and White Matter Integrity in Young Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1363-1373. [PMID: 35965887 PMCID: PMC9364986 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s360311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep is essential for life and plays a key role for optimal physiology, brain functioning, and health. Evidence suggests a relation between sleep and cerebral white matter integrity. Human studies report that sleep duration shows a U-shaped association with brain functioning. We hypothesized that participants with longer or shorter sleep time in the nighttime period show altered microstructural white matter integrity. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Seventy-three young adult participants were evaluated. Sleep-wake cycle parameters were assessed objectively using actigraphy. Diffusion tensor imaging studies were performed to assess white matter integrity using fractional anisotropy and mean, axial, and radial diffusivities. Relations between white matter microstructure indexes and sleep parameters were investigated through tract-based spatial statistics. Participants were grouped according to their nocturnal total sleep time: 27 in the Reference sleep group (6.5-8.0 h), 23 in the Short sleep group (<6.5 h) and 23 in the Long sleep group (>8.0 h). RESULTS Compared with the Reference sleep group, participants in the Long sleep group showed lower fractional anisotropy (p < 0.05) and higher radial diffusivity (p < 0.05) values in white matter tracts linked to sleep regulation (corona radiata, body of the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and anterior thalamic radiation). CONCLUSION This pattern of reduced fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity in the Long sleep group indicates an association between sleep duration and lower integrity of myelin sheaths. Because myelin is continuously remodeled in the brain, nighttime sleep characteristics appear to be a key player for its quality and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sussanne Reyes
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina de Medeiros Rimkus
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-44), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cecilia Algarin
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Peirano
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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