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Stuqui B, Provazzi PJS, Lima MLD, Cabral ÁS, Leonel ECR, Candido NM, Taboga SR, da Silva MG, Lima FDO, Melli PPDS, Quintana SM, Calmon MDF, Rahal P. Condyloma acuminata: An evaluation of the immune response at cellular and molecular levels. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284296. [PMID: 37053156 PMCID: PMC10101375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a benign proliferative disease mainly affecting in non-keratinized epithelia. Most cases of CA are caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly HPV 6 and 11. The aim of the current study was to highlight the candidate genes and pathways associated with immune alterations in individuals who did not spontaneously eliminate the virus and, thus, develop genital warts. Paraffin-embedded condyloma samples (n = 56) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD1a, FOXP3, CD3, CD4, CD8, and IFN-γ. The immunomarkers were chosen based on the evaluation of the innate and adaptive immune pathways using qPCR analysis of 92 immune-related genes, applying a TaqMan Array Immune Response assay in HPV 6 or HPV 11 positive samples (n = 27). Gene expression analysis revealed 31 differentially expressed genes in CA lesions. Gene expression validation revealed upregulation of GZMB, IFNG, IL12B, and IL8 and downregulation of NFATC4 and IL7 in CA samples. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased FOXP3, IFN-γ, CD1a, and CD4 expression in CA than in the control tissue samples. In contrast, CD3 and CD8 expression was decreased in CA lesion samples. Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HPV-positive patients compared with HPV-negative patients seem to reflect the elevated immunogenicity of HPV-positive CA lesions. Host defense against HPV begins during the early stages of the innate immune response and is followed by activation of T lymphocytes, which are mainly represented by CD4+ and regulatory T cells. The low CD8+ T cell count in CA may contribute to this recurrent behavior. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of host defense against HPV infection in CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Stuqui
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ágata Silva Cabral
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Maria Candido
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvana Maria Quintana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirāo Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Rahal
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Ding H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Xu Y, Yu Y, Liang W, Li Q. Effectiveness of combination therapy with ISA101 vaccine for the treatment of human papillomavirus-induced cervical cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:990877. [PMID: 36300095 PMCID: PMC9589033 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.990877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the women-associated tumors that affects numerous people yearly. It is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. Following early diagnosis, this cancer can be cured mainly by traditional methods such as surgery, tumor resection, and chemotherapy; nonetheless, it becomes more challenging to treat in advanced and metastatic stages. With the advent of novel treatments such as angiogenesis inhibitors or immuno-checkpoint blockers in recent years, the survival rate of patients with advanced cervical cancer has significantly increased. However, it has not yet reached a satisfactory level. It has been revealed that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is responsible for more than 90% of cervical cancer cases. However, evidence revealed that monotherapy with anti-HPV vaccines such as ISA101 could not affect tumor growth and progression in patients with HPV-induced cervical cancer. Therefore, combining ISA101 and immune checkpoint blockers or other immunotherapeutic approaches may be more robust and effective than monotherapy with ISA101 or immune checkpoint blockers for treating cervical cancer. This review summarizes the ISA101 properties, advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, various conducted combination therapies with ISA101 and the effectiveness and challenges of this treatment have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingping Li, ; Wenqing Liang,
| | - Qingping Li
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingping Li, ; Wenqing Liang,
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3
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Zhang J, Fan J, Skwarczynski M, Stephenson RJ, Toth I, Hussein WM. Peptide-Based Nanovaccines in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Review of Recent Advances. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:869-900. [PMID: 35241913 PMCID: PMC8887913 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s269986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, can induce cervical cancer in humans. The disease carries high morbidity and mortality among females worldwide. Inoculation with prophylactic HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil® or Cervarix®, is the predominant method of preventing cervical cancer in females 6 to 26 years of age. However, despite the availability of commercial prophylactic HPV vaccines, no therapeutic HPV vaccines to eliminate existing HPV infections have been approved. Peptide-based vaccines, which form one of the most potent vaccine platforms, have been broadly investigated to overcome this shortcoming. Peptide-based vaccines are especially effective in inducing cellular immune responses and eradicating tumor cells when combined with nanoscale adjuvant particles and delivery systems. This review summarizes progress in the development of peptide-based nanovaccines against HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jingyi Fan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel J Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Correspondence: Waleed M Hussein, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia, Tel +61 7 3365 2782, Email
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He X, Zhou S, Quinn B, Jahagirdar D, Ortega J, Abrams SI, Lovell JF. HPV-Associated Tumor Eradication by Vaccination with Synthetic Short Peptides and Particle-Forming Liposomes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007165. [PMID: 33605054 PMCID: PMC8011812 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV)-16 is associated with cervical cancers and induces expression of the E6 and E7 oncogenes. Using a murine cell line that expresses these, the genes are sequenced, and six predicted major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) epitopes are identified. A liposomal vaccine adjuvant based on cobalt-porphyrin-phospholipid (CoPoP) is admixed with synthetic 9-mer epitopes appended with three histidine residues, resulting in rapid formation of peptide-liposome particles. Immunization with multivalent peptides leads to protection from tumor challenge. Of the peptides screened, only the previously identified E749-57 epitope is functional. The peptide-liposome particles that form upon mixing E7HHH49-57 with CoPoP liposomes are stable in serum and are avidly taken up by immune cells in vitro. Immunization results in robust protection from tumor challenge and re-challenge. A 100 ng peptide dose protects mice in a therapeutic tumor challenge when admixed with CoPoP liposomes, whereas 200-fold higher peptide doses are ineffective with the polyinosinic-polycytidylic (poly(I:C)) adjuvant. CoPoP induces a strong infiltrating CD8+ T-cell response within the tumor microenvironment with an improved functional profile. Vaccine monotherapy using nanogram dosing of the E7HHH49-57 peptide admixed with CoPoP reverses the growth of large established tumors, eradicating subcutaneous tumors upwards of 100 mm3 . Immunization also eradicates lung tumors in a metastasis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan He
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Breandan Quinn
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Dushyant Jahagirdar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joaquin Ortega
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Scott I. Abrams
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Immunology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jonathan F. Lovell
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
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Welters MJP, Santegoets SJ, van der Burg SH. The Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:545385. [PMID: 33425717 PMCID: PMC7793705 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.545385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) develops as a consequence of several mutations in the tumor suppressor pathways or after a progressive infection with high risk human papillomavirus (HPV). The dismal side effects of the current standard of care and the clear involvement of the immune system has led to a surge in clinical trials that aim to reinforce the tumor-specific immune response as a new treatment option. In this review, we have focused on the most recent literature to discuss the new findings and insights on the role of different immune cells in the context of OPSCC and its etiology. We then applied this knowledge to describe potential biomarkers and analyzed the rationale and outcomes of earlier and ongoing immunotherapy trials. Finally, we describe new developments that are still at the preclinical phase and provide an outlook on what the near future may bring, now that several new and exciting techniques to study the immune system at the single cell level are being exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marij J P Welters
- Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Saskia J Santegoets
- Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Abdulrahman Z, de Miranda NFCC, Hellebrekers BWJ, de Vos van Steenwijk PJ, van Esch EMG, van der Burg SH, van Poelgeest MIE. A pre-existing coordinated inflammatory microenvironment is associated with complete response of vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions to different forms of immunotherapy. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2914-2923. [PMID: 32574376 PMCID: PMC7540004 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy of vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (vHSIL) is investigated as an alternative for surgery, because of high comorbidity and risk of recurrence. Limited evidence exists on the role and composition of the immune microenvironment in current immunotherapeutic approaches for vHSIL. The vHSIL of 29 patients biopsied before treatment with imiquimod were analyzed by two multiplex seven-color immunofluorescence panels to investigate the pre-existing T-cell and myeloid cell composition in relation to treatment response. The samples were scanned with the Vectra multispectral imaging system. Cells were automatically phenotyped and counted with inForm advanced image analysis software. Cell counts and composition were compared to that of vHSIL patients before therapeutic vaccination (n = 29) and to healthy vulva (n = 27). Our data show that the immune microenvironment of complete responders (CR) to imiquimod resembled the coordinated infiltration with type 1 CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and CD14+ inflammatory myeloid cells also found in healthy vulva. However, more CD8+ T cells and FoxP3+ regulatory T cells were present in CR. The lesions of partial responders (PR) lacked such a coordinated response and displayed an impaired influx of CD14+ inflammatory myeloid cells. Importantly, complete responses after imiquimod or therapeutic vaccination showed the same dependency on a pre-existing coordinated type 1 T-cell and CD14+ myeloid cell infiltration. In conclusion, a good clinical outcome after two different forms of immunotherapy for vHSIL is associated with the presence of a primary inflammatory process resulting in the coordinated influx of several types of immune cells which is then amplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziena Abdulrahman
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Edith M G van Esch
- Department of Gynaecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ramos-Martínez E, Rojas-Serrano J, García-Hernández O, García-Vázquez FJ, Andrade WA, Avila G, Salinas-Pasquier L, López-Vancell MR. The immune response to Hymenolepis nana in mice decreases tumorigenesis induced by 7,12 dimethylbenz-anthracene. Cytokine 2019; 123:154743. [PMID: 31255915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a high-impact disease throughout the world. A negative correlation has been established between the development of cancer and the Th2 immune response. Infection by helminth parasites is characterized by the induction of a strong and long-lasting Th2 response. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the immune response induced by the infection with the helminth Hymenolepis nana, on the tumorigenesis induced by dimethylbenz-anthracene (DMBA) in mice. METHODOLOGY Four different groups of 14 female BALB/c mice were formed; Group A, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle) was administered cutaneously, Group B infected with H. nana, group C, cutaneously DMBA and finally Group D infected with H. nana and cutaneous DMBA. The tumor load was determined in those animals that developed cancerous lesions. In all groups were determined: serum concentration of IgE, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-5 and malondialdehyde (MDA). The inflammatory infiltrate was analyzed from skin samples and the expression of the main eosinophilic protein and myeloperoxidase was determined. RESULTS The group previously infected with H. nana had a reduced amount of tumors with smaller size, in comparison to the group that received only DMBA; this reduction was associated with lower levels of IFNγ and IL-10, while levels of IgE, IL-5 and MDA were higher. Further, the number of eosinophils and neutrophils was statistically higher in the animals that were previously infected with the helminth and developed less tumors. CONCLUSION The immune response induced by H. nana infection is associated with the reduction of tumors probably due to the activity of eosinophils and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ramos-Martínez
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - J Rojas-Serrano
- Servicio Clínico de enfermedades del Intersticio del Pulmón y Reumatología Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - O García-Hernández
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - F J García-Vázquez
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Laboratorio de Inmunogenética Molecular, Departamento de Análisis Clínicos y Estudios Especiales, México, DF, Mexico
| | - W A Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Avila
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - L Salinas-Pasquier
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Unidad de Citopatología. Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M R López-Vancell
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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8
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Buttarelli M, Babini G, Raspaglio G, Filippetti F, Battaglia A, Ciucci A, Ferrandina G, Petrillo M, Marino C, Mancuso M, Saran A, Villani ME, Desiderio A, D’Ambrosio C, Scaloni A, Scambia G, Gallo D. A combined ANXA2-NDRG1-STAT1 gene signature predicts response to chemoradiotherapy in cervical cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:279. [PMID: 31242951 PMCID: PMC6595690 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1268-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is mandatory for further improving the rates of disease control, since a significant proportion of patients still fail to respond or undergo relapse after concurrent chemoradiation treatment (CRT), and survival for these patients has generally remained poor. METHODS To identify specific markers of CRT response, we compared pretreatment biopsies from LACC patients with pathological complete response (sensitive) with those from patients showing macroscopic residual tumor (resistant) after neoadjuvant CRT, using a proteomic approach integrated with gene expression profiling. The study of the underpinning mechanisms of chemoradiation response was carried out through in vitro models of cervical cancer. RESULTS We identified annexin A2 (ANXA2), N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) as biomarkers of LACC patients' responsiveness to CRT. The dataset collected through qPCR on these genes was used as training dataset to implement a Random Forest algorithm able to predict the response of new patients to this treatment. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated the key role of the identified genes in the balance between death and survival of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results define a predictive gene signature that can help in cervical cancer patient stratification, thus providing a useful tool towards more personalized treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Buttarelli
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Babini
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Raspaglio
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Filippetti
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Battaglia
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ciucci
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Ferrandina
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Petrillo
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Marino
- Division of Health Protection Technology, Department for Sustainability, National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Mancuso
- Division of Health Protection Technology, Department for Sustainability, National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Saran
- Division of Health Protection Technology, Department for Sustainability, National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Villani
- Division of Biotechnologies and Agroindustry, Department for Sustainability, National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Angiola Desiderio
- Division of Biotechnologies and Agroindustry, Department for Sustainability, National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara D’Ambrosio
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM-National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM-National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Obhielo E, Ezeanochie M, Olokor O O, Okonkwo A, Gharoro E. The Relationship between the Serum Level of Selenium and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comparative Study in a Population of Nigerian Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1433-1436. [PMID: 31127904 PMCID: PMC6857890 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.5.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the relationship between the serum level of selenium and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
(CIN). Methods: A case controlled study that compared the serum level of selenium in 45 women with CIN (cases) to
45 women (age matched controls) with normal cervical cytology. Socio-demographic data and information on known
risk factors for cervical cancer among the sample was compared between both groups using inferential statistics.
Results: There was no significant difference in the mean selenium values between the cases and controls [p- 0.076,
95% CI (-15.08 – 0.76)]. However, subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant difference between patients
with normal cervical cytology, CIN I, II and III (p= 0.021). In addition, there was also significant difference in the
selenium level between women with normal cervical cytology and CIN III (p value = 0.016) with a significant inverse
linear trend (p= 0.025). Conclusion: With increasing severity of CIN, a significant reduction in the level of selenium
in serum was observed. This reducing value of serum selenium, a surrogate marker for increased oxidative stress, may
be important factor for the development of persistent HPV infection and in particular high grade CIN III lesions. This
observation requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Ezeanochie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria.
| | - Oghenefegor Olokor O
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony Okonkwo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria.
| | - Etedafe Gharoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria.
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Mirza AH, Thomas G, Ottensmeier CH, King EV. Importance of the immune system in head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2019; 41:2789-2800. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adal H. Mirza
- Somers Cancer Research Building MP824; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Poole United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Thomas
- Somers Cancer Research Building MP824; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma V. King
- Somers Cancer Research Building MP824; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Poole United Kingdom
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11
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Bolhassani A, Shahbazi S, Agi E, Haghighipour N, Hadi A, Asgari F. Modified DCs and MSCs with HPV E7 antigen and small Hsps: Which one is the most potent strategy for eradication of tumors? Mol Immunol 2019; 108:102-110. [PMID: 30802787 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with DCs as antigen-presenting vehicles have already improved patients' outcome against a variety of tumors. Moreover, MSCs were recently used to develop anti-cancer therapeutic or anti-microbial prophylactic vaccines. The current study evaluated immune responses and anti-tumor effects generated by DCs and MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow which were modified with small heat shock proteins 27 and 20 (sHsp27 and sHsp20) and also E7 oncoprotein in tumor mouse model. Two vaccination strategies were utilized including homologous DC or MSC prime/ DC or MSC boost, and heterologous MSC or DC prime/ protein boost vaccinations. Our data revealed that DCs pulsed with E7+Hsp27 and/or E7+Hsp20 in homologous and heterologous prime/ boost vaccinations could stimulate high levels of IgG2a, IgG2b, IFN-γ and IL-10 directed toward Th1 responses. Moreover, these regimens induced an increased level of Granzyme B, and displayed complete protection more than 60 days after treatment. On the other hand, MSCs transfected with E7+Hsp27 DNA in homologous and heterologous prime/ boost vaccinations could significantly enhance the E7-specific T-cell responses and suppress tumor growth in mice. However, MSCs transfected with E7+Hsp20 DNA did not induce a complete protection against TC-1 tumor compared to DCs pulsed with E7+Hsp20 protein complexes. These results indicated that DC- and MSC-based vaccinations with specific modalities will be a useful approach for immunotherapy and protection against HPV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDs, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Shahbazi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDs, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Agi
- Iranian Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Hadi
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Jabbar B, Rafique S, Salo-Ahen OMH, Ali A, Munir M, Idrees M, Mirza MU, Vanmeert M, Shah SZ, Jabbar I, Rana MA. Antigenic Peptide Prediction From E6 and E7 Oncoproteins of HPV Types 16 and 18 for Therapeutic Vaccine Design Using Immunoinformatics and MD Simulation Analysis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3000. [PMID: 30619353 PMCID: PMC6305797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) induced cervical cancer is the second most common cause of death, after breast cancer, in females. Three prophylactic vaccines by Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD) and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) have been confirmed to prevent high-risk HPV strains but these vaccines have been shown to be effective only in girls who have not been exposed to HPV previously. The constitutively expressed HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are usually used as target antigens for HPV therapeutic vaccines. These early (E) proteins are involved, for example, in maintaining the malignant phenotype of the cells. In this study, we predicted antigenic peptides of HPV types 16 and 18, encoded by E6 and E7 genes, using an immunoinformatics approach. To further evaluate the immunogenic potential of the predicted peptides, we studied their ability to bind to class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules in a computational docking study that was supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and estimation of the free energies of binding of the peptides at the MHC-I binding cleft. Some of the predicted peptides exhibited comparable binding free energies and/or pattern of binding to experimentally verified MHC-I-binding epitopes that we used as references in MD simulations. Such peptides with good predicted affinity may serve as candidate epitopes for the development of therapeutic HPV peptide vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basit Jabbar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Outi M H Salo-Ahen
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Mobeen Munir
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michiel Vanmeert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Syed Zawar Shah
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Jabbar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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13
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Therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines in head and neck cancer: A systematic review of current clinical trials. Vaccine 2018; 36:6594-6605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Chenal A, Ladant D. Bioengineering of Bordetella pertussis Adenylate Cyclase Toxin for Antigen-Delivery and Immunotherapy. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E302. [PMID: 30037010 PMCID: PMC6070788 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10070302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) is one of the major virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. CyaA is able to invade eukaryotic cells where, upon activation by endogenous calmodulin, it synthesizes massive amounts of cAMP that alters cellular physiology. The CyaA toxin is a 1706 residues-long bifunctional protein: the catalytic domain is located in the 400 amino-proximal residues, whereas the carboxy-terminal 1306 residues are implicated in toxin binding to the cellular receptor, the αMβ₂ (CD11b/CD18) integrin, and subsequently in the translocation of the catalytic domain across the cytoplasmic membrane of the target cells. Indeed, this protein is endowed with the unique capability of delivering its N-terminal catalytic domain directly across the plasma membrane of eukaryotic target cells. These properties have been exploited to engineer the CyaA toxin as a potent non-replicating vector able to deliver antigens into antigen presenting cells and elicit specific cell-mediated immune responses. Antigens of interest can be inserted into the CyaA protein to yield recombinant molecules that are targeted in vivo to dendritic cells, where the antigens are processed and presented by the major class I and class II histocompatibility complexes (MHC-I and II). CyaA turned out to be a remarkably effective and versatile vaccine vector capable of inducing all the components of the immune response (T-CD4, T-CD8, and antibody). In this chapter, we summarize the basic knowledge on the adenylate cyclase toxin and then describe the application of CyaA in vaccinology, including some recent results of clinical trials of immunotherapy using a recombinant CyaA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Chenal
- Institut Pasteur, Biochemistry of Macromolecular Interactions Unit, UMR CNRS 3528, Structural Biology and Chemistry Department, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.
| | - Daniel Ladant
- Institut Pasteur, Biochemistry of Macromolecular Interactions Unit, UMR CNRS 3528, Structural Biology and Chemistry Department, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.
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15
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Chabeda A, Yanez RJR, Lamprecht R, Meyers AE, Rybicki EP, Hitzeroth II. Therapeutic vaccines for high-risk HPV-associated diseases. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 5:46-58. [PMID: 29277575 PMCID: PMC5887015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and it is estimated that Human papillomavirus (HPV) related cancers account for 5% of all human cancers. Current HPV vaccines are extremely effective at preventing infection and neoplastic disease; however, they are prophylactic and do not clear established infections. Therapeutic vaccines which trigger cell-mediated immune responses for the treatment of established infections and malignancies are therefore required. The E6 and E7 early genes are ideal targets for vaccine therapy due to their role in disruption of the cell cycle and their constitutive expression in premalignant and malignant tissues. Several strategies have been investigated for the development of therapeutic vaccines, including live-vector, nucleic acid, peptide, protein-based and cell-based vaccines as well as combinatorial approaches, with several vaccine candidates progressing to clinical trials. With the current understanding of the HPV life cycle, molecular mechanisms of infection, carcinogenesis, tumour biology, the tumour microenvironment and immune response mechanisms, an approved HPV therapeutic vaccine seems to be a goal not far from being achieved. In this article, the status of therapeutic HPV vaccines in clinical trials are reviewed, and the potential for plant-based vaccine production platforms described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleyo Chabeda
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Romana J R Yanez
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Renate Lamprecht
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Ann E Meyers
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Inga I Hitzeroth
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
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16
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17
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Baghban Rahimi S, Mohebbi A, Vakilzadeh G, Biglari P, Razeghi Jahromi S, Mohebi SR, Shirian S, Gorji A, Ghaemi A. Enhancement of therapeutic DNA vaccine potency by melatonin through inhibiting VEGF expression and induction of antitumor immunity mediated by CD8+ T cells. Arch Virol 2017; 163:587-597. [PMID: 29149434 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To be effective, therapeutic cancer vaccines should stimulate both an effective cell-mediated and a robust cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell response against human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected cells to treat the pre-existing tumors and prevent potential future tumors. In this study, the therapeutic experiments were designed in order to evaluate antitumor effect against the syngeneic TC-1 tumor model. The anti-tumor efficacy of a HPV-16 E7 DNA vaccine adjuvanted with melatonin (MLT) was evaluated in a C57BL/6 mouse tumor model by measuring tumor growth post vaccination and the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice, analyzing the specific lymphocyte proliferation responses in control and vaccinated mice by MTT assay. The E7-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) were analyzed by lymphocyte proliferation and lactate dehydrogenates (LDH) release assays. IFN-γ, IL-4 and TNF-α secretion in splenocyte cultures as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-10 in the tumor microenvironment were assayed by ELISA. Our results demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of C57BL/6 mice with a DNA vaccine adjuvanted with MLT dose-dependently and significantly induced strong HPV16 E7-specific CD8+ cytotoxicity and IFN-γ and TNF-α responses capable of reducing HPV-16 E7-expressing tumor volume. A significantly higher level of E7-specific T-cell proliferation was also found in the adjuvanted vaccine group. Furthermore, tumor growth was significantly inhibited when the DNA vaccine was combined with MLT and the survival time of TC-1 tumor bearing mice was also significantly prolonged. In vivo studies further demonstrated that MLT decreased the accumulation of IL-10 and VEGF in the tumor microenvironment of vaccinated mice. These data indicate that melatonin as an adjuvant augmented the cancer vaccine efficiency against HPV-associated tumors in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Baghban Rahimi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohebbi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gelareh Vakilzadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Biglari
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Reza Mohebi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 27a, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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