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Epshtein M, Tenorio BNC, Vidal ML, Scutelnic V, Yang Z, Xue T, Krylov AI, Coriani S, Leone SR. Signatures of the Bromine Atom and Open-Shell Spin Coupling in the X-ray Spectrum of the Bromobenzene Cation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3554-3560. [PMID: 36735829 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tabletop X-ray spectroscopy measurements at the carbon K-edge complemented by ab initio calculations are used to investigate the influence of the bromine atom on the carbon core-valence transitions in the bromobenzene cation (BrBz+). The electronic ground state of the cation is prepared by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization of neutral bromobenzene (BrBz) and probed by X-rays produced by high-harmonic generation (HHG). Replacing one of the hydrogen atoms in benzene with a bromine atom shifts the transition from the 1sC* orbital of the carbon atom (C*) bonded to bromine by ∼1 eV to higher energy in the X-ray spectrum compared to the other carbon atoms (C). Moreover, in BrBz+, the X-ray spectrum is dominated by two relatively intense transitions, 1sC→π* and 1sC*→σ*(C*-Br), where the second transition is enhanced relative to the neutral BrBz. In addition, a doublet peak shape for these two transitions is observed in the experiment. The 1sC→π* doublet peak shape arises due to the spin coupling of the unpaired electron in the partially vacant π orbital (from ionization) with the two other unpaired electrons resulting from the transition from the 1sC core orbital to the fully vacant π* orbitals. The 1sC*→σ* doublet peak shape results from several transitions involving σ* and vibrational C*-Br mode activations following the UV ionization, which demonstrates the impact of the C*-Br bond length on the core-valence transition as well as on the relaxation geometry of BrBz+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Epshtein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Marta L Vidal
- DTU Chemistry─Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valeriu Scutelnic
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zheyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tian Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry─Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stephen R Leone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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2
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Park YC, Perera A, Bartlett RJ. Density functionals for core excitations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:094107. [PMID: 36075732 DOI: 10.1063/5.0111095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The core excitation energies and related principal ionization energies are obtained for selected molecules using several density functionals and compared with benchmark equation-of-motion coupled cluster (EOM-CC) results. Both time-dependent and time-independent formulations of excitation spectra in the time-dependent density functional theory and the EOM-CC are employed to obtain excited states that are not always easily accessible with the time-independent method. Among those functionals, we find that the QTP(00) functional, which is only parameterized to reproduce the five IPs of water, provides excellent core IPs and core excitation energies, consistently yielding better excitation and ionization energies. We show that orbital eigenvalues of KS density functional theory play an important role in determining the accuracy of the excitation and photoelectron spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Choon Park
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
| | - Ajith Perera
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
| | - Rodney J Bartlett
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
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3
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Ji HY, Wang RY, Zhang BB, Ma Y, Song XN, Wang CK. Adsorption configurations of furan molecule on Si(100)-2×1 surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.2011973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Yu Ji
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Yu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Bing Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-kui Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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4
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Aarva A, Sainio S, Deringer VL, Caro MA, Laurila T. X-ray Spectroscopy Fingerprints of Pristine and Functionalized Graphene. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:18234-18246. [PMID: 34476042 PMCID: PMC8404192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate how to identify and characterize the atomic structure of pristine and functionalized graphene materials from a combination of computational simulation of X-ray spectra, on the one hand, and computer-aided interpretation of experimental spectra, on the other. Despite the enormous scientific and industrial interest, the precise structure of these 2D materials remains under debate. As we show in this study, a wide range of model structures from pristine to heavily oxidized graphene can be studied and understood with the same approach. We move systematically from pristine to highly oxidized and defective computational models, and we compare the simulation results with experimental data. Comparison with experiments is valuable also the other way around; this method allows us to verify that the simulated models are close to the real samples, which in turn makes simulated structures amenable to several computational experiments. Our results provide ab initio semiquantitative information and a new platform for extended insight into the structure and chemical composition of graphene-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Aarva
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Sainio
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box. 4500, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Volker L. Deringer
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Miguel A. Caro
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie
1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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5
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Klein BP, Hall SJ, Maurer RJ. The nuts and bolts of core-hole constrained ab initiosimulation for K-shell x-ray photoemission and absorption spectra. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33. [PMID: 33682682 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdf00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photoemission (XPS) and near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy play an important role in investigating the structure and electronic structure of materials and surfaces.Ab initiosimulations provide crucial support for the interpretation of complex spectra containing overlapping signatures. Approximate core-hole simulation methods based on density functional theory (DFT) such as the delta-self-consistent-field (ΔSCF) method or the transition potential (TP) method are widely used to predictK-shell XPS and NEXAFS signatures of organic molecules, inorganic materials and metal-organic interfaces at reliable accuracy and affordable computational cost. We present the numerical and technical details of our variants of the ΔSCF and TP method (coined ΔIP-TP) to simulate XPS and NEXAFS transitions. Using exemplary molecules in gas-phase, in bulk crystals, and at metal-organic interfaces, we systematically assess how practical simulation choices affect the stability and accuracy of simulations. These include the choice of exchange-correlation functional, basis set, the method of core-hole localization, and the use of periodic boundary conditions (PBC). We particularly focus on the choice of aperiodic or periodic description of systems and how spurious charge effects in periodic calculations affect the simulation outcomes. For the benefit of practitioners in the field, we discuss sensible default choices, limitations of the methods, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt P Klein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- MAS CDT, Senate House, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Reinhard J Maurer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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6
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Epshtein M, Scutelnic V, Yang Z, Xue T, Vidal ML, Krylov AI, Coriani S, Leone SR. Table-Top X-ray Spectroscopy of Benzene Radical Cation. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9524-9531. [PMID: 33107734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast table-top X-ray spectroscopy at the carbon K-edge is used to measure the X-ray spectral features of benzene radical cations (Bz+). The ground state of the cation is prepared selectively by two-photon ionization of neutral benzene, and the X-ray spectra are probed at early times after the ionization by transient absorption using X-rays produced by high harmonic generation (HHG). Bz+ is well-known to undergo Jahn-Teller distortion, leading to a lower symmetry and splitting of the π orbitals. Comparison of the X-ray absorption spectra of the neutral and the cation reveals a splitting of the two degenerate π* orbitals as well as an appearance of a new peak due to excitation to the partially occupied π-subshell. The π* orbital splitting of the cation, elucidated on the basis of high-level calculations in a companion theoretical paper [Vidal et al. J. Phys. Chem. A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08732], is discovered to be due to both the symmetry distortion and even more dominant spin coupling of the unpaired electron in the partially vacant π orbital (from ionization) with the unpaired electrons resulting from the transition from the 1sC core orbital to the fully vacant π* orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Epshtein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Valeriu Scutelnic
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zheyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tian Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marta L Vidal
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stephen R Leone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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7
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Vidal ML, Epshtein M, Scutelnic V, Yang Z, Xue T, Leone SR, Krylov AI, Coriani S. Interplay of Open-Shell Spin-Coupling and Jahn-Teller Distortion in Benzene Radical Cation Probed by X-ray Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9532-9541. [PMID: 33103904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a theoretical investigation and elucidation of the X-ray absorption spectra of neutral benzene and of the benzene cation. The generation of the cation by multiphoton ultraviolet (UV) ionization and the measurement of the carbon K-edge spectra of both species using a table-top high-harmonic generation source are described in the companion experimental paper [Epshtein, M.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08736]. We show that the 1sC → π transition serves as a sensitive signature of the transient cation formation, as it occurs outside of the spectral window of the parent neutral species. Moreover, the presence of the unpaired (spectator) electron in the π-subshell of the cation and the high symmetry of the system result in significant differences relative to neutral benzene in the spectral features associated with the 1sC → π* transitions. High-level calculations using equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theory provide the interpretation of the experimental spectra and insight into the electronic structure of benzene and its cation. The prominent split structure of the 1sC → π* band of the cation is attributed to the interplay between the coupling of the core → π* excitation with the unpaired electron in the π-subshell and the Jahn-Teller distortion. The calculations attribute most of the splitting (∼1-1.2 eV) to the spin coupling, which is visible already at the Franck-Condon structure, and we estimate the additional splitting due to structural relaxation to be around ∼0.1-0.2 eV. These results suggest that X-ray absorption with increased resolution might be able to disentangle electronic and structural aspects of the Jahn-Teller effect in the benzene cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta L Vidal
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael Epshtein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Valeriu Scutelnic
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zheyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tian Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen R Leone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Nanda KD, Krylov AI. A simple molecular orbital picture of RIXS distilled from many-body damped response theory. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:244118. [PMID: 32611000 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ab initio calculations of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) often rely on damped response theory, which prevents the divergence of response solutions in the resonant regime. Within the damped response theory formalism, RIXS moments are expressed as the sum over all electronic states of the system [sum-over-states (SOS) expressions]. By invoking resonance arguments, this expression can be reduced to a few terms, an approximation commonly exploited for the interpretation of computed cross sections. We present an alternative approach: a rigorous formalism for deriving a simple molecular orbital picture of the RIXS process from many-body calculations using the damped response theory. In practical implementations, the SOS expressions of RIXS moments are recast in terms of matrix elements between the zero-order wave functions and first-order frequency-dependent response wave functions of the initial and final states such that the RIXS moments can be evaluated using complex response one-particle transition density matrices (1PTDMs). Visualization of these 1PTDMs connects the RIXS process with the changes in electronic density. We demonstrate that the real and imaginary components of the response 1PTDMs can be interpreted as contributions of the undamped off-resonance and damped near-resonance SOS terms, respectively. By analyzing these 1PTDMs in terms of natural transition orbitals, we derive a rigorous, black-box mapping of the RIXS process into a molecular orbital picture. We illustrate the utility of the new tool by analyzing RIXS transitions in the OH radical, benzene, para-nitroaniline, and 4-amino-4'-nitrostilbene. These examples highlight the significance of both the near-resonance and off-resonance channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik D Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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9
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Carniato S, Selles P, Ferté A, Berrah N, Wuosmaa AH, Nakano M, Hikosaka Y, Ito K, Žitnik M, Bučar K, Andric L, Palaudoux J, Penent F, Lablanquie P. Double-core ionization photoelectron spectroscopy of C6H6: Breakdown of the “intuitive” ortho-meta-para binding energy ordering of K−1K−1 states. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:214303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Carniato
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - P. Selles
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A. Ferté
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - N. Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A. H. Wuosmaa
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M. Nakano
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y. Hikosaka
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - K. Ito
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Boîte Postale 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M. Žitnik
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenija
| | - K. Bučar
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenija
| | - L. Andric
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - J. Palaudoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - F. Penent
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - P. Lablanquie
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement (UMP 7614), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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10
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Bauer U, Fromm L, Weiß C, Späth F, Bachmann P, Düll F, Steinhauer J, Matysik S, Pominov A, Görling A, Hirsch A, Steinrück HP, Papp C. Surface chemistry of 2,3-dibromosubstituted norbornadiene/quadricyclane as molecular solar thermal energy storage system on Ni(111). J Chem Phys 2019. [PMID: 31091921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b03746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dwindling fossil fuels force humanity to search for new energy production routes. Besides energy generation, its storage is a crucial aspect. One promising approach is to store energy from the sun chemically in strained organic molecules, so-called molecular solar thermal (MOST) systems, which can release the stored energy catalytically. A prototypical MOST system is norbornadiene/quadricyclane (NBD/QC) whose energy release and surface chemistry need to be understood. Besides important key parameters such as molecular weight, endergonic reaction profiles, and sufficient quantum yields, the position of the absorption onset of NBD is crucial to cover preferably a large range of sunlight's spectrum. For this purpose, one typically derivatizes NBD with electron-donating and/or electron-accepting substituents. To keep the model system simple enough to be investigated with photoemission techniques, we introduced bromine atoms at the 2,3-position of both compounds. We study the adsorption behavior, energy release, and surface chemistry on Ni(111) using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS), UV photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Both Br2-NBD and Br2-QC partially dissociate on the surface at ∼120 K, with Br2-QC being more stable. Several stable adsorption geometries for intact and dissociated species were calculated, and the most stable structures are determined for both molecules. By temperature-programmed HR-XPS, we were able to observe the conversion of Br2-QC to Br2-NBD in situ at 170 K. The decomposition of Br2-NBD starts at 190 K when C-Br bond cleavage occurs and benzene and methylidene are formed. For Br2-QC, the cleavage already occurs at 130 K when cycloreversion to Br2-NBD sets in.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - L Fromm
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Weiß
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Späth
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Bachmann
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Düll
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Steinhauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Matysik
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Pominov
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Görling
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hirsch
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - H-P Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Papp
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Lin J, Hu J, Zhang JR, Wang SY, Ma Y, Song XN. Electronic structures and spectral characteristics of the six C 32 fullerene isomers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 212:180-187. [PMID: 30639911 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the six C32 isomers which were of crucial importance in the manufacture of new electronic components were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). For the discernment, geometry optimizations of the six isomers have been carried out, and the C1s XPS and NEXAFS spectra have been simulated in the frame of density functional theory (DFT). XPS spectra, as accurately reflection of different chemical environments where a particular element was located, provided an effective way to identify the six isomers of C32. The NEXAFS spectra, which were commonly used in the electronic structure detection, captured information of unoccupied orbital and showed many recognizable characteristics. To further investigate the source of spectral features, the spectral components calculated from different types of carbon atoms in each C32 isomer also have been well explored and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014
| | - Jun-Rong Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014
| | - Sheng-Yu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China, 250014.
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12
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Michelitsch GS, Reuter K. Efficient simulation of near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) in density-functional theory: Comparison of core-level constraining approaches. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5083618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Georg S. Michelitsch
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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13
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Wang SY, Hu J, Zhang JR, Lin J, Song XN, Ma Y. Theoretical studies on structures and spectral properties for two C 86 isomers and their chlorinated derivatives. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1524937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Rong Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lin
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ma
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Kim IY, Kim S, Jin X, Premkumar S, Chandra G, Lee N, Mane GP, Hwang S, Umapathy S, Vinu A. Ordered Mesoporous C
3
N
5
with a Combined Triazole and Triazine Framework and Its Graphene Hybrids for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17135-17140. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In Young Kim
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Sungho Kim
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience College of Natural Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Selvarajan Premkumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Goutam Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Nam‐Suk Lee
- National Institute for Nanomaterials Technology (NINT) Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Gurudas P. Mane
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM'S NMIMS Mumbai 400056 India
| | - Seong‐Ju Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience College of Natural Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
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15
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Kim IY, Kim S, Jin X, Premkumar S, Chandra G, Lee N, Mane GP, Hwang S, Umapathy S, Vinu A. Ordered Mesoporous C
3
N
5
with a Combined Triazole and Triazine Framework and Its Graphene Hybrids for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In Young Kim
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Sungho Kim
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience College of Natural Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Selvarajan Premkumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Goutam Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Nam‐Suk Lee
- National Institute for Nanomaterials Technology (NINT) Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Gurudas P. Mane
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM'S NMIMS Mumbai 400056 India
| | - Seong‐Ju Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience College of Natural Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
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16
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Abstract
This report presents selected highlights from 2017 final birth data on key demographic, health care utilization, and infant health indicators. General fertility rates (the number of births per 1,000 females aged 15-44 years) and teen birth rates are presented by race and Hispanic origin. The use of Medicaid as the source of payment for the delivery and preterm birth rates are presented by the age of the mother. Data for 2017 are compared with 2016 for each indicator.
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17
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Ma Y, Wang SY, Hu J, Zhang JR, Lin J, Yang SQ, Song XN. Identification of Four C 40 Isomers by Means of a Theoretical XPS/NEXAFS Spectra Study. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4750-4755. [PMID: 29733610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
XPS and NEXAFS spectra of four stable C40 isomers [29( C2), 31( C s), 38( D2), and 39( D5 d)] have been investigated theoretically. We combined density functional theory and the full core hole potential method to simulate C 1s XPS and NEXAFS spectra for nonequivalent carbon atoms of four stable C40 fullerene isomers. The NEXAFS showed obvious dependence on the four C40 isomers, and XPS spectra are distinct for all four isomers, which can be employed to identify the four stable structures of C40. Furthermore, the individual components of the spectra according to different categories have been investigated, and the relationship between the spectra and the local structures of C atoms was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China.,Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology , Royal Institute of Technology , S-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Sheng-Yu Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Rong Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lin
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Qiong Yang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics , Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan , People's Republic of China
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18
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Ma Y, Wang SY, Hu J, Zhou Y, Song XN, Wang CK. Theoretical Identification of the Six Stable C 84 Isomers by IR, XPS, and NEXAFS Spectra. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1019-1026. [PMID: 29298066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Six stable C84 isomers satisfying isolated pentagon rule (IPR) have been theoretically identified by infrared (IR), X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra. The XPS and NEXAFS spectra at the K-edge for all nonequivalent carbon atoms were simulated by the density functional theory method. NEXAFS spectra show stronger dependence than IR and XPS spectra on the six C84 isomers, which can be properly used for isomer identification. Furthermore, spectral components of total spectra for carbon atoms in different local environment have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China.,Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sheng-Yu Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University , 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
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19
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Palacio I, Pinardi AL, Martínez JI, Preobrajenski A, Cossaro A, Jancarik A, Stará I, Starý I, Méndez J, Martín-Gago JA, López MF. Spectroscopic characterization of the on-surface induced (cyclo)dehydrogenation of a N-heteroaromatic compound on noble metal surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22454-22461. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03955g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Connecting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by on-surface chemistry.
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20
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Schmidt N, Wenzel J, Dreuw A, Fink RH, Hieringer W. Matrix effects in the C 1s photoabsorption spectra of condensed naphthalene. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:234307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Norman Schmidt
- Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Interdisciplinary Center for Interface-Controlled Processes (IC-ICP), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Wenzel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer H. Fink
- Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Interdisciplinary Center for Interface-Controlled Processes (IC-ICP), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hieringer
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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21
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22
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Diller K, Ma Y, Luo Y, Allegretti F, Liu J, Tang BZ, Lin N, Barth JV, Klappenberger F. Polyphenylsilole multilayers--an insight from X-ray electron spectroscopy and density functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31117-24. [PMID: 26536125 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02935j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined investigation by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy of condensed multilayers of two polyphenylsiloles, namely hexaphenylsilole (HPS) and tetraphenylsilole (TPS). Both compounds exhibit very similar spectroscopic signatures, whose interpretation is aided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. High-resolution XPS spectra of the Si 2p and C 1s core levels of these multilayers indicate a positively charged silicon ion flanked by two negatively charged adjacent carbon atoms in the silole core of both molecules. This result is corroborated quantitatively by DFT calculations on isolated HPS (TPS) molecules, which show a natural bond orbital partial charge of +1.67 e (+1.58 e) on the silicon and -0.34 e (-0.58 e) on the two neighbouring carbon atoms in the silole ring. These charges are conserved in direct contact with a Cu(111) substrate for films of submonolayer coverage, as evidenced by the Si 2p XPS data. The C K-edge NEXAFS spectra of HPS and TPS multilayers exhibit distinct and differing features. Their main characteristics reappear in the simulated spectra and are assigned to the different inequivalent carbon species in the molecule. The angle-dependent measurements hardly reveal any dichroism, i.e., the molecular π-systems are not uniformly oriented parallel or perpendicular with respect to the surface. Changes in the growth conditions of TPS, i.e., a reduction of the substrate temperature from 240 K to 80 K during deposition, lead to a broadening of both XPS and NEXAFS signatures, as well as an upward shift of the Si 2p and C 1s binding energies, indicative of a less ordered growth mode at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Diller
- Physik-Department, E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Yong Ma
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yi Luo
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physik-Department, E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik-Department, E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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23
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Reitsma G, Boschman L, Deuzeman MJ, Hoekstra S, Hoekstra R, Schlathölter T. Near edge X-ray absorption mass spectrometry on coronene. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:024308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4905471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Reitsma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L. Boschman
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M. J. Deuzeman
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S. Hoekstra
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. Hoekstra
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T. Schlathölter
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Kawerk E, Carniato S, Journel L, Marchenko T, Piancastelli MN, Žitnik M, Bučar K, Bohnic R, Kavčič M, Céolin D, Khoury A, Simon M. Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering on iso-C2H2Cl2 around the chlorine K-edge: Structural and dynamical aspects. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:144301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4897251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elie Kawerk
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences II, Université Libanaise, 90656 Jdeidet el Metn, Liban
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stéphane Carniato
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Loïc Journel
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Marchenko
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Novella Piancastelli
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matjaž Žitnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Bučar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Bohnic
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Kavčič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Denis Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Antonio Khoury
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences II, Université Libanaise, 90656 Jdeidet el Metn, Liban
| | - Marc Simon
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
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25
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Natsume Y, Kohno T, Minakata T, Konishi T, Gullikson EM, Muramatsu Y. Chemical-state analysis of organic semiconductors using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with first-principles calculation. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1527-31. [PMID: 22217144 DOI: 10.1021/jp208939u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemical states of organic semiconductors were investigated by total-electron-yield soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TEY-XAS) and first-principles calculations. The organic semiconductors, pentacene (C(22)H(14)) and pentacenequinone (C(22)H(12)O(2)), were subjected to TEY-XAS and the experimental spectra obtained were compared with the 1s core-level excited spectra of C and O atoms, calculated by a first-principles planewave pseudopotential method. Excellent agreement between the measured and the calculated spectra were obtained for both materials. Using this methodology, we examined the chemical states of the aged pentacene, and confirmed that both C-OH and C═O chemical bonds are generated by exposure to air. This result implies that not only oxygen but also humidity causes pentacene oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Natsume
- Asahi-Kasei Corporation, 2-1 Samejima, Fuji, Shizuoka, Japan.
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26
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Richter MH, Friedrich D, Schmeißer D. Valence and Conduction Band States of PCBM as Probed by Photoelectron Spectroscopy at Resonant Excitation. BIONANOSCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-011-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Flesch R, Serdaroglu E, Blobner F, Feulner P, Brykalova XO, Pavlychev AA, Kosugi N, Rühl E. Gas-to-solid shift of C 1s-excited benzene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9397-402. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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29
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Besley NA, Asmuruf FA. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the spectroscopy of core electrons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12024-39. [PMID: 20714478 DOI: 10.1039/c002207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in X-ray sources have led to a renaissance in spectroscopic techniques in the X-ray region. These techniques that involve the excitation of core electrons can provide an atom specific probe of electronic structure and provide powerful analytical tools that are used in many fields of research. Theoretical calculations can often play an important role in the analysis and interpretation of experimental spectra. In this perspective, we review recent developments in quantum chemical calculations of X-ray absorption spectra, focusing on the use of time-dependent density functional theory to study core excitations. The practical application of these calculations is illustrated with examples drawn from surface science and bioinorganic chemistry, and the application of these methods to study X-ray emission spectroscopy is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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30
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Gahl C, Schmidt R, Brete D, McNellis ER, Freyer W, Carley R, Reuter K, Weinelt M. Structure and excitonic coupling in self-assembled monolayers of azobenzene-functionalized alkanethiols. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:1831-8. [PMID: 20099853 DOI: 10.1021/ja903636q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optical properties and the geometric structure of self-assembled monolayers of azobenzene-functionalized alkanethiols have been investigated by UV/visible and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy in combination with density-functional theory. By attaching a trifluoro-methyl end group to the chromophore both the molecular tilt and twist angle of the azobenzene moiety are accessible. Based on this detailed structural analysis the energetic shifts observed in optical reflection spectroscopy can be qualitatively described within an extended dipole model. This substantiates sizable excitonic coupling among the azobenzene chromophores as an important mechanism that hinders trans to cis isomerization in densely packed self-assembled monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Gahl
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Bolognesi P, O'Keeffe P, Feyer V, Plekan O, Prince K, Coreno M, Mattioli G, Bonapasta AA, Zhang W, Carravetta V, Ovcharenko Y, Avaldi L. Inner shell excitation, ionization and fragmentation of pyrimidine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/212/1/012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Reichert J, Schiffrin A, Auwärter W, Weber-Bargioni A, Marschall M, Dell'angela M, Cvetko D, Bavdek G, Cossaro A, Morgante A, Barth JV. L-tyrosine on Ag(111): universality of the amino acid 2D zwitterionic bonding scheme? ACS NANO 2010; 4:1218-26. [PMID: 20092357 DOI: 10.1021/nn901669p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined study of the adsorption and ordering of the l-tyrosine amino acid on the close-packed Ag(111) noble-metal surface in ultrahigh vacuum by means of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. On this substrate the biomolecules self-assemble at temperatures exceeding 320 K into linear structures primarily following specific crystallographic directions and evolve with larger molecular coverage into two-dimensional nanoribbons which are commensurate with the underlying atomic lattice. Our high resolution topographical STM data reveal noncovalent molecular dimerization within the highly ordered one-dimensional nanostructures, which recalls the geometrical pattern already seen in the l-methionine/Ag(111) system and supports a universal bonding scheme for amino acids on smooth and unreactive metal surfaces. The molecules desorb for temperatures above 350 K, indicating a relatively weak interaction between the molecules and the substrate. XPS measurements reveal a zwitterionic adsorption, whereas NEXAFS experiments show a tilted adsorption configuration of the phenol moiety. This enables the interdigitation between aromatic side chains of adjacent molecules via parallel-displaced pi-pi interactions which, together with the hydrogen-bonding capability of the hydroxyl functionality, presumably mediates the emergence of the self-assembled supramolecular nanoribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Reichert
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Zhang W, Carravetta V, Plekan O, Feyer V, Richter R, Coreno M, Prince KC. Electronic structure of aromatic amino acids studied by soft x-ray spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:035103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3168393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Asmuruf FA, Besley NA. Time dependent density functional theory study of the near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure of benzene in gas phase and on metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:064705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2967190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bagus PS, Wöll C, Ilton ES. A definitive analysis of the Rydberg and valence anti-bonding character of states in the O K-edge of H2O. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kolczewski C, Williams FJ, Cropley RL, Vaughan OPH, Urquhart AJ, Tikhov MS, Lambert RM, Hermann K. Adsorption geometry and core excitation spectra of three phenylpropene isomers on Cu(111). J Chem Phys 2006; 125:34701. [PMID: 16863367 DOI: 10.1063/1.2212398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical C 1s near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra for the C(9)H(10) isomers trans-methylstyrene, alpha-methylstyrene, and allylbenzene in gas phase and adsorbed at Cu(111) surfaces have been obtained from density functional theory calculations where adsorbate geometries were determined by corresponding total energy optimizations. The three species show characteristic differences in widths and peak shapes of the lowest C 1s-->pi(*) transitions which are explained by different coupling of the pi-electron system of the C(6) ring with that of the side chain in the molecules as well as by the existence of nonequivalent carbon centers. The adsorbed molecules bind only weakly with the substrate which makes the use of theoretical NEXAFS spectra of the oriented free molecules meaningful for an interpretation of experimental angle-resolved NEXAFS spectra of the adsorbate systems obtained in this work. However, a detailed quantitative account of relative peak intensities requires theoretical angle-resolved NEXAFS spectra of the complete adsorbate systems which have been evaluated within the surface cluster approach. The comparison with experiment yields almost perfect agreement and confirms the reliability of the calculated equilibrium geometries of the adsorbates. This can help to explain observed differences in the catalytic epoxidation of the three molecules on Cu(111) based on purely geometric considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kolczewski
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Wilks RG, MacNaughton JB, Kraatz HB, Regier T, Moewes A. Combined X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Examination of Ferrocene-Labeled Peptides. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:5955-65. [PMID: 16553403 DOI: 10.1021/jp056573l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A combination of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements and StoBe density functional theory (DFT) calculations has been used to study the electronic structures of the ferrocene-labeled peptides Fc-Pro(n)-OBz (n = 1-4). Excellent agreement between the measured and the simulated data is observed in all cases, and the origin of all major spectral features was assigned. The breaking of the degeneracy of the ferrocene 3e(2u)-like unoccupied molecular orbital under the influence of a substituent attached to a Cp ring was observed experimentally. The influence of the bonding environment on the O 1s and N 1s XAS spectra was examined. A corrected assignment of one of the major features in the Fe 2p XAS spectra of ferrocene is proposed and supported by the DFT simulations, as well as the measured spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Wilks
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.
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Kolczewski C, Püttner R, Martins M, Schlachter AS, Snell G, Sant'anna MM, Hermann K, Kaindl G. Spectroscopic analysis of small organic molecules: A comprehensive near-edge x-ray-absorption fine-structure study of C6-ring-containing molecules. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:034302. [PMID: 16438578 DOI: 10.1063/1.2139674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report high-resolution C 1s near-edge x-ray-absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectra of the C6-ring-containing molecules benzene (C6H6), 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexadiene (C6H8), cyclohexene (C6H10), cyclohexane (C6H12), styrene (C8H8), and ethylbenzene (C8H10) which allow us to examine the gradual development of delocalization of the corresponding pi electron systems. Due to the high experimental resolution, vibrational progressions can be partly resolved in the spectra. The experimental spectra are compared with theoretical NEXAFS spectra obtained from density-functional theory calculations where electronic final-state relaxation is accounted for. The comparison yields very good agreement between theoretical spectra and experimental results. In all cases, the spectra can be described by excitations to pi*- and sigma*-type final-state orbitals with valence character, while final-state orbitals of Rydberg character make only minor contributions. The lowest C 1s-->1pi* excitation energy is found to agree in the (experimental and theoretical) spectra of all molecules except for 1,3-cyclohexadiene (C6H8) where an energy smaller by about 0.6 eV is obtained. The theoretical analysis can explain this result by different binding properties of this molecule compared to the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kolczewski
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Schnadt J, Schiessling J, Brühwiler P. Comparison of the size of excitonic effects in molecular π systems as measured by core and valence spectroscopies. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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