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Yang WH, Yu FQ, Guo ZW, Huang R, Chen JR, Gao FQ, Shao GF, Liu TD, Wen YH. Hierarchical structures and magnetism of Co clusters: a perspective from integration of deep learning and a hybrid differential evolution algorithm. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:17537-17548. [PMID: 39225229 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Theoretically determining the lowest-energy structure of a cluster has been a persistent challenge due to the inherent difficulty in accurate description of its potential energy surface (PES) and the exponentially increasing number of local minima on the PES with the cluster size. In this work, density-functional theory (DFT) calculations of Co clusters were performed to construct a dataset for training deep neural networks to deduce a deep potential (DP) model with near-DFT accuracy while significantly reducing computational consumption comparable to classic empirical potentials. Leveraging the DP model, a high-efficiency hybrid differential evolution (HDE) algorithm was employed to search for the lowest-energy structures of CoN (N = 11-50) clusters. Our results revealed 38 of these clusters superior to those recorded in the Cambridge Cluster Database and identified diverse architectures of the clusters, evolving from layered structures for N = 11-27 to Marks decahedron-like structures for N = 28-42 and to icosahedron-like structures for N = 43-50. Subsequent analyses of the atomic arrangement, structural similarity, and growth pattern further verified their hierarchical structures. Meanwhile, several highly stable clusters, i.e., Co13, Co19, Co22, Co39, and Co43, were discovered by the energetic analyses. Furthermore, the magnetic stability of the clusters was verified, and a competition between the coordination number and bond length in affecting the magnetic moment was observed. Our study provides high-accuracy and high-efficiency prediction of the optimal structures of clusters and sheds light on the growth trend of Co clusters containing tens of atoms, contributing to advancing the global optimization algorithms for effective determination of cluster structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Yang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Fang-Qi Yu
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zi-Wen Guo
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rao Huang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jun-Ren Chen
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363105, China
| | - Feng-Qiang Gao
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363105, China
| | - Gui-Fang Shao
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tun-Dong Liu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wen
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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2
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Wang X, Wang H, Luo Q, Yang J. Structural and electro-catalytic properties of copper clusters: a study via deep learning and first principles . J Chem Phys 2022; 157:074304. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the atomic structure of clusters has been a long-term challenge in theoretical calculations due to the high computational cost of density-functional theory (DFT). Deep learning potential (DP), as an alternative way, has been demonstrated to be able to conduct cluster simulations with close-to DFT accuracy but at a much lower computational cost. In this work, we update 34 structures of the 41 Cu clusters with atomic numbers ranging from 10 to 50 by combining global optimization and the DP model. The calculations show that the configuration of small Cu n clusters ( n = 10 −15) tends to be oblate and it gradually transforms into a cage-like configuration as the size increases ( n > 15). Based on the updated structures, their relative stability and electronic properties are extensively studied. Besides, we select 3 different clusters (Cu13, Cu38, and Cu49) to study their electrocatalytic ability of CO2 reduction. The simulation indicates that the main product is CO for these three clusters, while the selectivity of hydrocarbons is inhibited. This work is expected to clarify the ground-state structures and fundamental properties of Cu n clusters, and to guide experiments for the design of Cu-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | | | | | - Jinlong Yang
- Dept.of Chem. Phys., University of Science and Technology of China, China
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3
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Mancini G, Fusè M, Lazzari F, Chandramouli B, Barone V. Unsupervised search of low-lying conformers with spectroscopic accuracy: A two-step algorithm rooted into the island model evolutionary algorithm. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:124110. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0018314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Mancini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Fusè
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Lazzari
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56125 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Nevalaita J, Koskinen P. Stability limits of elemental 2D metals in graphene pores. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22019-22024. [PMID: 31713567 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08533e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be used as stabilizing templates for exotic nanostructures, including pore-stabilized, free-standing patches of elemental metal monolayers. Although these patches represent metal clusters under extreme conditions and are thus bound for investigations, they are poorly understood as their energetic stability trends and the most promising elements remain unknown. Here, using density-functional theory simulations and the liquid drop model to explore the properties of 45 elemental metal candidates, we identify metals that enable the largest and most stable patches. Simulations show that pores can stabilize patches up to ∼8 nm2 areas and that the most prominent candidate in a graphene template is Cu. The results, which are generalizable to templates also beyond graphene, provide encouragement for further, even more resolute experimental pursuit of 2D metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Nevalaita
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Pekka Koskinen
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Arias E, Florez E, Pérez–Torres JF. Algorithm based on the Thomson problem for determination of equilibrium structures of metal nanoclusters. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4984049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Arias
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - E. Florez
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - J. F. Pérez–Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
- Escuela de Qumica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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6
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Zhao J, Shi R, Sai L, Huang X, Su Y. Comprehensive genetic algorithm forab initioglobal optimisation of clusters. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2015.1121386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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7
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Rohrmann U, Schwerdtfeger P, Schäfer R. Atomic domain magnetic nanoalloys: interplay between molecular structure and temperature dependent magnetic and dielectric properties in manganese doped tin clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23952-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rohrmann U, Schäfer R. Stern-Gerlach experiments on Mn@Sn12: identification of a paramagnetic superatom and vibrationally induced spin orientation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:133401. [PMID: 24116778 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.133401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Beam deflection experiments in inhomogeneous magnetic fields reveal a new limiting case of the magnetization distribution of isolated clusters. Endohedrally doped clusters are produced in a temperature controlled, cryogenically cooled laser ablation source. Temperature dependent experiments indicate a crucial contribution of molecular vibrations to the spin dynamics of Mn@Sn12. In its vibrational ground state the cluster behaves magnetically like a paramagnetic atom, with quantized spin states. However, excited molecular vibrations induce spin orientation in the magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Rohrmann
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Hermann A, Ashcroft NW, Hoffmann R. Binary compounds of boron and beryllium: a rich structural arena with space for predictions. Chemistry 2013; 19:4184-97. [PMID: 23401125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We explore ground-state structures and stoichiometries of the Be-B system in the static limit, with Be atom concentrations of 20 % or greater, and from P = 1 atm up to 320 GPa. At P = 1 atm, predictions are offered for several known compounds, the structures of which have not yet been determined experimentally. Specifically, at 1 atm, we predict a structure of R3m symmetry for the compound Be2B3, seen experimentally at high temperatures, which contains interesting BeBBBBe rods; and for the compound BeB4 we calculate metastability with respect to the elements with a structure similar to MgB4, which is quickly replaced as the pressure is elevated by a Cmcm structure that features 6- and 4-membered rings in B cages, with Be interstitials. For another high-temperature compound, Be2B, we confirm the CaF2 structure, but find a competitive and actually slightly more stable ground-state structure of C2/m symmetry that features B2 pairs. In the case of BeB2, a material for which the stoichiometry has been the subject of debate, we have a clear prediction of a stable F43m structure at P=1 atm. It has a diamondoid structure that is based on cubic (lower P) or hexagonal (higher P) diamond networks of B, but with Be in the interstices. This Zintl structure is a semiconductor at low and intermediate pressures. At higher pressures, BeB2 dominates the phase diagram. In general, the Zintl-Klemm concept of effective electron transfer from the more electropositive ion and bond formation among the resulting anions has proven useful in analyzing the structural preferences of many compositions in the Be-B system at P=1 atm and at elevated pressures. An unusual feature of this binary system is that the 1:1 BeB stoichiometry never appears to reach stability in the static limit, although it comes close, as does Be17B12. Also stable at high pressures are stoichiometries BeB3, BeB4, and Be5B2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Jiang M, Zeng Q, Zhang T, Yang M, Jackson KA. Icosahedral to double-icosahedral shape transition of copper clusters. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104501. [PMID: 22423842 DOI: 10.1063/1.3689442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lowest-energy isomers of Cu(N) clusters for N = 20-30 are identified using an unbiased search algorithm and density functional theory calculations. The low-energy structures over this size range are dominated by those based on a 13-atom icosahedral (I(h)) core and a 19-atom double icosahedron (DI(h)) core. A transition in the ground-state isomers from I(h)-based to DI(h)-based structures is predicted overt N = 21-23. We discuss this transition in the broader context of the growth pattern for Cu(N) over N = 2-30 that features regions of gradual evolution in which atoms successively add to the cluster surface, separated by sudden changes to a different structural organization and more compact shape. These transitions result from a competition between interatomic bonding energy and surface energy. The implications of this growth pattern for the further evolution of copper from microstructure to bulk are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglong Jiang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
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11
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Addicoat MA, Page AJ, Brain ZE, Flack L, Morokuma K, Irle S. Optimization of a Genetic Algorithm for the Functionalization of Fullerenes. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:1841-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300190u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Addicoat
- Department
of Computer Science, Australian National University, ACT, 0200, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-4602, Japan
| | - Alister J. Page
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental
Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103,
Japan
| | - Zoe E. Brain
- Department
of Computer Science, Australian National University, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Lloyd Flack
- Department
of Rheumatology, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental
Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103,
Japan
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for
Scientic Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322,
United States
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-4602, Japan
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12
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Abstract
H(2)O will be more resistant to metallization than previously thought. From computational evolutionary structure searches, we find a sequence of new stable and meta-stable structures for the ground state of ice in the 1-5 TPa (10 to 50 Mbar) regime, in the static approximation. The previously proposed Pbcm structure is superseded by a Pmc2(1) phase at p = 930 GPa, followed by a predicted transition to a P2(1) crystal structure at p = 1.3 TPa. This phase, featuring higher coordination at O and H, is stable over a wide pressure range, reaching 4.8 TPa. We analyze carefully the geometrical changes in the calculated structures, especially the buckling at the H in O-H-O motifs. All structures are insulating--chemistry burns a deep and (with pressure increase) lasting hole in the density of states near the highest occupied electronic levels of what might be component metallic lattices. Metallization of ice in our calculations occurs only near 4.8 TPa, where the metallic C2/m phase becomes most stable. In this regime, zero-point energies much larger than typical enthalpy differences suggest possible melting of the H sublattice, or even the entire crystal.
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13
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Brain ZE, Addicoat MA. Optimization of a genetic algorithm for searching molecular conformer space. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:174106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3656323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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14
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Yuan X, Liu L, Wang X, Yang M, Jackson KA, Jellinek J. Theoretical Investigation of Adsorption of Molecular Oxygen on Small Copper Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8705-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jp200125t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liuxia Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mingli Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Koblar Alan Jackson
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Julius Jellinek
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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15
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Gao Y, Shao N, Pei Y, Zeng XC. Icosahedral crown gold nanocluster au(43)cu(12) with high catalytic activity. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:1055-62. [PMID: 20155966 DOI: 10.1021/nl100017u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural and catalytic properties of the gold alloy nanocluster Au(43)Cu(12) are investigated using a density-functional method. In contrast to the pure Au(55) nanocluster, which exhibits a low-symmetry C(1) structure, the 55-atom "crown gold" nanocluster exhibits a multishell structure, denoted by Au@Cu(12)@Au(42), with the highest icosahedral group-symmetry. In addition, density functional calculations suggest that this geometric magic-number nanocluster possesses comparable catalytic capability as a small-sized Au(10) cluster for the CO oxidation, due in part to their low-coordinated Au atoms on vertexes. The gold alloy nanocluster also shows higher selectivity for styrene oxidation than the bare Au(111) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Nebraska Center for Nanoscience and Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
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16
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Assadollahzadeh B, Schäfer S, Schwerdtfeger P. Electronic properties for small tin clusters Snn(n≤ 20) from density functional theory and the convergence toward the solid state. J Comput Chem 2009; 31:929-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Assadollahzadeh B, Schwerdtfeger P. A systematic search for minimum structures of small gold clusters Au[sub n] (n=2–20) and their electronic properties. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:064306. [PMID: 19691387 DOI: 10.1063/1.3204488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Assadollahzadeh
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Albany), Private Bag 102904, North Shore MSC, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand.
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18
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Schäfer S, Assadollahzadeh B, Mehring M, Schwerdtfeger P, Schäfer R. Structure and Electric Properties of SnN Clusters (N = 6−20) from Combined Electric Deflection Experiments and Quantum Theoretical Studies. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:12312-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8030754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Schäfer
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, and Centre of Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Auckland Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore City, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Behnam Assadollahzadeh
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, and Centre of Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Auckland Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore City, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Max Mehring
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, and Centre of Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Auckland Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore City, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, and Centre of Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Auckland Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore City, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rolf Schäfer
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, and Centre of Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Auckland Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore City, 0745 Auckland, New Zealand
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