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Hussain J, Hussain R, Hussain A, Yawer MA, Arshad M, Alarfaji SS, Rauf A, Ayub K. Theoretical design of alkaline earthides M +(3 6 adz) Be - (M + = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) with excellent nonlinear optical response and ultraviolet transparency. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 130:108791. [PMID: 38776762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel series of alkaline earthides containing eight complexes based upon 36adz complexant are designed by placing carefully transition metals (V-Zn) on inner side and alkaline earth metal outer side of the complexant i.e., M+(36adz) Be- (M+ = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn). All the designed compounds are electronically and thermodynamically stable as evaluated by their interaction energy and vertical ionization potential respectively. Moreover, the true nature of alkaline earthides is verified through NBOs and FMO study, showing negative charge and excess electrons on alkaline earth metal respectively. Furthermore, true alkaline earthides characteristics are evaluated graphically by spectra of partial density state (PDOS). The energy gap (HOMO -LUMO gap) is very small (ranging 2.95 eV-1.89 eV), when it is compared with pure cage 36adz HOMO-LUMO gap i.e., 8.50 eV. All the complexes show a very small value of transition energy ranging from 1.68eV to 0.89eV. Also, these possess higher hyper polarizability values up to 2.8 x 105au (for Co+(36adz) Be-). Furthermore, an increase in hyper polarizability was observed by applying external electric field on complexes. The remarkable increase of 100fold in hyper polarizability of Zn+(36adz) Be- complex is determined after application of external electric field i.e., from 1.7 x 104 au to 1.7 x 106 au when complex is subjected to external electric field of 0.001 au strength. So, when external electric field is applied on complexes it enhances the charge transfer, polarizability and hyper polarizability of complexes and proves to be effective for designing of true alkaline earthides with remarkable NLO response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabir Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Arfan Yawer
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Saleh S Alarfaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdul Rauf
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
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Khalil K, Shahnaz, Ludwig R, Tighezza AM, Ayub K, Mahmood T, Gilani MA. Unraveling the role of superalkalis in modulating the static and dynamic hyperpolarizabilities of emerging calix[4]arenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6794-6805. [PMID: 38323625 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04825j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Calixarenes, as novel organic materials, can play a pivotal role in the development of high-performance nonlinear optical materials due to the ease of design and fabrication. In this study, DFT simulations were employed to investigate the geometric, electronic, and NLO responses of calix[4]arene doped with Li3O, Na3O, and K3O superalkalis. The computed values of the vertical ionization energies and interaction energies indicate the chemical and thermodynamic stabilities of the targeted M3O@calix[4]arene complexes. The corresponding energy gaps (2.01 to 3.49 eV) are notably reduced, indicating the semiconductor nature of the materials. Surprisingly, the M3O@calix[4]arene complexes exhibit transparency in the UV/visible range as the absorption peaks are shifted in the near infrared (NIR) region. The highest values of 5.9 × 105 a.u. and 2.3 × 108 a.u. for the respective first and second hyperpolarizabilities are observed for Na3O@calix[4]arene. Furthermore, the Na3O@calix[4]arene complex exhibits maximum values of 2.3 × 105 a.u. for second harmonic generation (SHG) and (K3O@calix[4]arene) 2.3 × 106 a.u. for the electro-optical Pockels effect (EOPE) at 1064 nm. Similarly, approximations are made for the dynamic second hyperpolarizability coefficients (EOKE and EFISHG) at different wavelengths. Notably, the Na3O@calix[4]arene complex demonstrates the highest quadratic nonlinear refractive index (n2) of 9.5 × 10-15 cm2 W-1 at 1064 nm. This research paves the way for the development of stable calix[4]arenes doped with superalkalis, leading to an improved nonlinear optical (NLO) response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalida Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
| | - Shahnaz
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, Rostock 18059, Germany
- University of Rostock, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Science and Technology of Life, Light and Matter, Rostock 18059, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Rostock 18059, Germany
| | - Ammar M Tighezza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
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Hameed S, Gul S, Ans M, Bhatti IA, Ayub K, Iqbal J, Khera RA. Designing neodymium-doped hexamine complexant as novel IR NLO material with extremely large non-linear optical behavior. J Mol Model 2022; 28:381. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05364-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Akram W, Nadeem E, Ayub K, Iqbal J, Al-Buriahi M, Alomairy S, Katubi KM, Ibraheem AA. Enhanced Non-Linear Optical Response of Alkali Metal-Doped Nitrogenated Holey Graphene (C2N). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Janjua MRSA. Quantum design of transition metals decorated on boron phosphide inorganic nanocluster for Favipiravir adsorption: a possible treatment for COVID-19. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04697g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a quantum drug delivery design of transition metals decorated on boron phosphide (B12P12) inorganic nanocage for favipiravir adsorption has been presented. Thus, these systems may facilitate us as COVID-19 therapy.
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Li X. Graphdiyne: A promising nonlinear optical material modulated by tetrahedral alkali-metal nitrides. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li X, Lu J. Giant enhancement of electronic polarizability and the first hyperpolarizability of fluoride-decorated graphene versus graphyne and graphdiyne: insights from ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13165-13175. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01118h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An effective strategy based on the adsorption of alkali-metal fluorides on graphene, graphyne, and graphdiyne is presented for exploring the strong electro-optical properties, which are correlated with the TDDFT two-level model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- School of Science
- Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Xi’an 710121
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
- Baotou 014010
- P. R. China
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Lu SJ. Exploring the structural evolution and electronic properties of medium-sized Nb2Sin−/0 (n = 13–20) clusters by density functional theory calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lu SJ, Wu LS, Lin F. Probing the geometric structures and bonding properties in Nb2Si20−/0 clusters by density functional theory calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Probing structure, thermochemistry, electron affinity, and magnetic moment of thulium-doped silicon clusters TmSi
n
(n = 3–10) and their anions with density functional theory. J Mol Model 2017; 24:29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li X. Structural, electronic and spectral properties of carborane-containing boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs): A first-principles study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 185:149-154. [PMID: 28570985 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we reported the geometrical structures, electronic and spectral properties of the carborane-containing BODIPYs complexes using the density functional theory calculations. In two structures, the calculated main bond lengths and bond angels of structural framework are consistent with X-ray experiment, and the two BODIPYs complexes are thermodynamically and kinetically stable. The strongest DOS band is mainly dominated by the BB and BH σ-bonds of carborane fragment, whereas the π-type MOs on the pyrromethene fragment contribute to the high-energy DOS bands. Analysis of the AdNDP chemical bonding indicates that the carborane cage can be stabilized by eleven delocalized 3c2e and two delocalized 4c2e σ-bonds, while the pyrromethene fragment corresponds to five delocalized 3c2e π-bonds. In addition, the main characteristic peaks of the two simulated IR spectra for the BODIPYs complexes are properly assigned. Hopefully, all these results will be helpful for understanding the electronic structures, and further stimulate the study on the biological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Li X, Li S, Ren H, Yang J, Tang Y. Effect of Alkali Metal Atoms Doping on Structural and Nonlinear Optical Properties of the Gold-Germanium Bimetallic Clusters. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7070184. [PMID: 28714906 PMCID: PMC5535250 DOI: 10.3390/nano7070184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new series of alkali-based complexes, AM@GenAu (AM = Li, Na, and K), have been theoretically designed and investigated by means of the density functional theory calculations. The geometric structures and electronic properties of the species are systematically analyzed. The adsorption of alkali metals maintains the structural framework of the gold-germanium bimetallic clusters, and the alkali metals prefer energetically to be attached on clusters’ surfaces or edges. The high chemical stability of Li@Ge12Au is revealed by the spherical aromaticity, the hybridization between the Ge atoms and Au-4d states, and delocalized multi-center bonds, as well as large binding energies. The static first hyperpolarizability (βtot) is related to the cluster size and geometric structure, and the AM@GenAu (AM = Na and K) clusters exhibit the much larger βtot values up to 13050 a.u., which are considerable to establish their strong nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviors. We hope that this study will promote further application of alkali metals-adsorbed germanium-based semiconductor materials, serving for the design of remarkable and tunable NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Shuna Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Hongjiang Ren
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Juxiang Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yongqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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Hou L, Yang J, Liu Y. Density-functional study of the structures and properties of holmium-doped silicon clusters HoSi n (n = 3–9) and their anions. J Mol Model 2017; 23:117. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lu SJ, Cao GJ, Xu XL, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. The structural and electronic properties of NbSi n-/0 (n = 3-12) clusters: anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19769-19778. [PMID: 27874133 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07480d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Niobium-doped silicon clusters, NbSin- (n = 3-12), were generated by laser vaporization and investigated by anion photoelectron spectroscopy. The structures and electronic properties of NbSin- anions and their neutral counterparts were investigated with ab initio calculations and compared with the experimental results. It is found that the Nb atom in NbSin-/0 prefers to occupy the high coordination sites to form more Nb-Si bonds. The most stable structures of NbSi3-7-/0 are all exohedral structures with the Nb atom face-capping the Sin frameworks. At n = 8, both the anion and neutral adopt a boat-shaped structure and the openings of the boat-shaped structures remain unclosed in NbSi9-10-/0 clusters. The most stable structure of the NbSi11- anion is endohedral, while that of neutral NbSi11 is exohedral. The global minima of both the NbSi12- anion and neutral NbSi12 are D6h symmetric hexagonal prisms with the Nb atom at the center. The perfect D6h symmetric hexagonal prism of NbSi12- is electronically stable as it obeys the 18-electron rule and has a shell-closed electronic structure with a large HOMO-LUMO gap of 2.70 eV. The molecular orbital analysis of NbSi12- suggests that the delocalized Nb-Si12 ligand interactions may contribute to the stability of the D6h symmetric hexagonal prism. The AdNDP analysis shows that the delocalized 2c-2e Si-Si bonds and multicenter-2e NbSin bonds are important for the structural stability of the NbSi12- anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo-Jin Cao
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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