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He X, Li M, Rong C, Zhao D, Liu W, Ayers PW, Liu S. Some Recent Advances in Density-Based Reactivity Theory. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1183-1196. [PMID: 38329898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Establishing a chemical reactivity theory in density functional theory (DFT) language has been our intense research interest in the past two decades, exemplified by the determination of steric effect and stereoselectivity, evaluation of electrophilicity and nucleophilicity, identification of strong and weak interactions, and formulation of cooperativity, frustration, and principle of chirality hierarchy. In this Featured Article, we first overview the four density-based frameworks in DFT to appreciate chemical understanding, including conceptual DFT, use of density associated quantities, information-theoretic approach, and orbital-free DFT, and then present a few recent advances of these frameworks as well as new applications from our studies. To that end, we will introduce the relationship among these frameworks, determining the entire spectrum of interactions with Pauli energy derivatives, performing topological analyses with information-theoretic quantities, and extending the density-based frameworks to excited states. Applications to examine physiochemical properties in external electric fields and to evaluate polarizability for proteins and crystals are discussed. A few possible directions for future development are followed, with the special emphasis on its merger with machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenjian Liu
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Paul W Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton ONL8S, Canada
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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2
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Lu T, Chen Q. Simple, Efficient, and Universal Energy Decomposition Analysis Method Based on Dispersion-Corrected Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7023-7035. [PMID: 37582201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) is an important class of methods to explore the nature of interaction between fragments in a chemical system. It can decompose the interaction energy into different physical components to understand the factors that play key roles in the interaction. This work proposes an EDA strategy based on dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT), called sobEDA. This method is fairly easy to implement and very universal. It can be used to study weak interactions, chemical bond interactions, open-shell systems, and interactions between multiple fragments. The total time consumption of sobEDA is only about twice that of conventional DFT single-point calculation for the entire system. This work also proposes a variant of the sobEDA method named sobEDAw, which is designed specifically for decomposing weak interaction energies. Through a proper combination of DFT correlation energy and dispersion correction term, sobEDAw gives a ratio between dispersion energy and electrostatic energy that is highly consistent with the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, which is quite popular and robust in studying weak interactions but expensive. We present a shell script sobEDA.sh to implement the methods proposed in this work based on the very popular Gaussian quantum chemistry program and Multiwfn wavefunction analysis code. Via the script, theoretical chemists can use the sobEDA and sobEDAw methods very conveniently in their study. Through a series of examples, the rationality of the new methods and their implementation are verified, and their great practical values in the study of various chemical systems are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing 100024, P.R. China
| | - Qinxue Chen
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing 100024, P.R. China
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3
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Li M, Wan X, He X, Rong C, Liu S. Impacts of external fields on aromaticity and acidity of benzoic acid: a density functional theory, conceptual density functional theory and information-theoretic approach study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2595-2605. [PMID: 36602177 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04557e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The impact of external fields on the molecular structure and reactivity properties has been of considerable interest in the recent literature. Benzoic acid as one of the most widely used compounds in medicinal and materials sciences is known for its dual propensity in aromaticity and acidity. In this work, we systematically investigate the impact of a uniform external electric field on these properties. We apply density functional theory, conceptual density functional theory, and an information-theoretic approach to appreciate the change pattern of aromaticity and acidity properties in external fields with different strengths. Our results show that they possess different change patterns under external fields, which can be satisfactorily rationalized by variations in reactivity descriptors and partial charges. The surprising yet novel results from this study should enrich the body of our knowledge about the impact of external fields for different kinds of electronic properties and provide guidance and foundation for future studies of this phenomenon in other molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Xinjie Wan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Xin He
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3420, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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Kenouche S, Bachir N, Martínez-Araya JI. Explaining the High Catalytic Activity in Bis(indenyl)methyl Zirconium Cation Using Combined EDA-NOCV/QTAIM Approach. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200488. [PMID: 36161688 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to elucidate some discrepancies already observed in the catalytic activity values of some zirconocene methyl cations. The EDA-NOCV scheme was employed for a theoretical description of the interactions between an ethylene molecule and five catalysts of zirconocene methyl cation. The nature of the chemical interactions has been elucidated through the QTAIM topological analysis. The steric hindrance due to the ligands was evaluated qualitatively by means of an IRI-based analysis and quantitively through Fisher information. The findings prove that the indenyl ligand seems to favor the orbital interaction between the ethylene molecule and the metal centre of zirconocene methyl cation. Both electrostatic and orbital contributions play a crucial role in stabilising the studied complexes. Based on the NOCV deformation density contributions, the strongest orbital interaction is reached with the bis(indenyl)methyl zirconium cation, which is the only one exhibiting covalent interactions. Especially, the strong contribution of π-back donation (occurring from the occupied orbitals of the zirconium atom to the π* anti-bonding orbital of ethylene) may be a key to understand why this catalyst has a higher polymerisation yield than the other studied catalysts. This work suggests a perspective for predicting values of catalytic activity when theoretically designing novel catalysts of zirconocene type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kenouche
- Group of Modeling of Chemical Systems using Quantum Calculations, Applied Chemistry Laboratory (LCA)., University of M. Khider of Biskra, BP 145 RP, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Nassima Bachir
- Group of Modeling of Chemical Systems using Quantum Calculations, Applied Chemistry Laboratory (LCA)., University of M. Khider of Biskra, BP 145 RP, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Jorge I Martínez-Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello (UNAB), Av. República 275, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
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Rong C, Heidar-Zadeh F, Miranda-Quintana RA, Liu S, Ayers PW. Ranking the energy minima of the 20 natural amino acids using conceptual tools. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Wang K, He X, Rong C, Zhong A, Liu S, Zhao D. On the origin and nature of internal methyl rotation barriers: an information-theoretic approach study. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Revisiting the trapping of noble gases (He-Kr) by the triatomic H 3+ and Li 3+ species: a density functional reactivity theory study. J Mol Model 2022; 28:122. [PMID: 35437635 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Small atomic clusters with exotic stability, bonding, aromaticity, and reactivity properties can be made use of for various purposes. In this work, we revisit the trapping of noble gas atoms (He-Kr) by the triatomic H3+ and Li3+ species by using some analytical tools from density functional theory, conceptual density functional theory, and the information-theoretic approach. Our results showcase that though similar in geometry, H3+ and Li3+ exhibit markedly different behavior in bonding, aromaticity, and reactivity properties after the addition of noble gas atoms. Moreover, the exchange-correlation interaction and steric effect are key energy components in stabilizing the clusters. This study also finds that the origin of the molecular stability of these species is due to the spatial delocalization of the electron density distribution. Our work provides an additional arsenal towards a better understanding of small atomic clusters capturing noble gases.
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Nano-saturn and ExBox systems: Dominant role of steric, exchange-correlation, and electrostatic effects. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
There are different kinds of molecular chirality, such as zero-dimensional point chirality, one-dimensional axial chirality, 2D planar chirality, and 3D chirality. When they coexist in one system, such as in helical structures of proteins and DNA, they form a chirality hierarchy. Earlier, we showed that the chirality propensity of a lower level in a hierarchy is dictated by that of a higher level and henceforth proposed the Principle of Chirality Hierarchy. In this work, we confirm the validity of this principle in the three-blade propeller molecular system. Our results show that the preference of the 0D chirality of a functional group in the propeller system is determined by the 1D chirality, and homochirality is also a remarkable feature for this system. The establishment and confirmation of the Principle of Chirality Hierarchy from this work should find important applications in asymmetric synthesis, macromolecular assembly, and many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Agwupuye JA, Louis H, Unimuke TO, David P, Ubana EI, Moshood YL. Electronic structure investigation of the stability, reactivity, NBO analysis, thermodynamics, and the nature of the interactions in methyl-substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Wang B, Zhao D, Lu T, Liu S, Rong C. Quantifications and Applications of Relative Fisher Information in Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3802-3811. [PMID: 33891419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Though density functional theory is widely accepted as one of the most successful developments in theoretical chemistry in the past few decades, the knowledge of how to apply this new electronic structure theory, to help us better understand chemical processes and transformations, is still an unaccomplished task. The information-theoretic approach is emerging as a viable option for that purpose in the recent literature, providing new insights about steric effect, cooperativity, electrophilicity, nucleophilicity, stereoselectivity, homochirality, etc. In this work, based on the result from a recent paper by one of us [ J. Chem. Phys, 2019, 151, 141103], we present two quantifications of the relative Fisher information and discuss their physiochemical properties and possible applications. To that end, their analytical properties have been elucidated. They have also been applied to six categories of systems to illustrate their applicability. A better descriptor to quantify the single bond rotation barrier has been obtained. The relative Fisher information can also simultaneously determine electrophilicity and nucleophilicity, and effectively describe helical structures with different homochiral and heterochiral propensities. As integral parts of the information-theoretic approach, these newly introduced quantities will provide us with more analytical tools toward the long-term goal of crafting a chemical reactivity theory in the density-based language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan P.R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing 100022, P.R. China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
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12
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Li M, He X, Chen J, Wang B, Liu S, Rong C. Density Functional Theory and Information-Theoretic Approach Study on the Origin of Homochirality in Helical Structures. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1269-1278. [PMID: 33527833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Homochirality of macromolecules such as proteins and DNA is one of the most striking features in nature; yet, there is still no convincing theory to explain its origin. In a recent work by one of the present authors (J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 8690-8696), a general proposal from the viewpoint of thermodynamics has been put forward. It proposes that it is the handedness of helices ubiquitous in biological macromolecules that plays the decisive role. It also unveiled that there exist strong cooperativity effects dominated by favorable electrostatic interactions in the homochiral conformer. In this work, making use of analytical tools, we recently developed a density functional theory and an information-theoretic approach and through four sets of helical structures we designed for the present study, we examine these systems to provide new insights about these properties. We found that the 310-helix and the α-helix are markedly different in cooperativity from the viewpoint of both the total energy and its three components. The electrostatic dominance of homochiral species is manifested by both the electron charge distribution and information gain. At the atomic level, different elements behave significantly differently because they play different roles in the systems. Our results from this work validate that these analytical tools can be applied to homochiral systems, which can be further extended to others with potential interest in asymmetric synthesis and macromolecular assembly where the Principle of Homochirality Hierarchy comes into play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
| | - Xin He
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
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Abstract
Homochirality is a common feature of amino acids and carbohydrates, and its origin is still unknown. Meanwhile, right-handed helices are ubiquitous in nature. Are these two phenomena intrinsically correlated? Here, we propose that homochirality of amino acids and nucleotide sugars originated from the handedness of helices. We show that right-handed 310-helix and α-helix favor the l-chiral form for amino acids, but for deoxyribose sugars, right-handed helices prefer the d-chiral form instead. Our analyses unveil strong cooperativity effects dominated by electrostatic interactions. This work not only resolves the mystery of homochirality by providing a unified explanation for the origin of homochirality in proteins and DNA using helical secondary structures as the root cause but also ratifies the Principle of Chirality Hierarchy, in which the chirality of a higher hierarchy dictates that of lower ones. Possible applications of this work to asymmetric synthesis and macromolecular assembly are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
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14
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Chen J, Liu S, Li M, Rong C, Liu S. A density functional theory and information-theoretic approach study of chiral molecules in external electric fields. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Bläsing K, Labbow R, Michalik D, Reiß F, Schulz A, Villinger A, Walker S. On Silylated Oxonium and Sulfonium Ions and Their Interaction with Weakly Coordinating Borate Anions. Chemistry 2020; 26:1640-1652. [PMID: 31738450 PMCID: PMC7028070 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Attempts have been made to prepare salts with the labile tris(trimethylsilyl)chalconium ions, [(Me3 Si)3 E]+ (E=O, S), by reacting [Me3 Si-H-SiMe3 ][B(C6 F5 )4 ] and Me3 Si[CB] (CB- =carborate=[CHB11 H5 Cl6 ]- , [CHB11 Cl11 ]- ) with Me3 Si-E-SiMe3 . In the reaction of Me3 Si-O-SiMe3 with [Me3 Si-H-SiMe3 ][B(C6 F5 )4 ], a ligand exchange was observed in the [Me3 Si-H-SiMe3 ]+ cation leading to the surprising formation of the persilylated [(Me3 Si)2 (Me2 (H)Si)O]+ oxonium ion in a formal [Me2 (H)Si]+ instead of the desired [Me3 Si]+ transfer reaction. In contrast, the expected homoleptic persilylated [(Me3 Si)3 S]+ ion was formed and isolated as [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- and [CB]- salt, when Me3 Si-S-SiMe3 was treated with either [Me3 Si-H-SiMe3 ][B(C6 F5 )4 ] or Me3 Si[CB]. However, the addition of Me3 Si[CB] to Me3 Si-O-SiMe3 unexpectedly led to the release of Me4 Si with simultaneous formation of a cyclic dioxonium dication of the type [Me3 Si-μO-SiMe2 ]2 [CB]2 in an anion-mediated reaction. DFT studies on structure, bonding and thermodynamics of the [(Me3 Si)3 E]+ and [(Me3 Si)2 (Me2 (H)Si)E]+ ion formation are presented as well as mechanistic investigations on the template-driven transformation of the [(Me3 Si)3 E]+ ion into a cyclic dichalconium dication [Me3 Si-μE-SiMe2 ]2 2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bläsing
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - Rene Labbow
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - Dirk Michalik
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
- MaterialdesignLeibniz-Institut für KatalyseA.-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
- MaterialdesignLeibniz-Institut für KatalyseA.-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
- MaterialdesignLeibniz-Institut für KatalyseA.-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - Svenja Walker
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für ChemieUniversität RostockA.-Einstein-Str. 3a18059RostockGermany
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Rong C, Wang B, Zhao D, Liu S. Information‐theoretic approach in density functional theory and its recent applications to chemical problems. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Hunan Normal University Changsha P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Centre University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina
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17
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Liu S. Identity for Kullback-Leibler divergence in density functional reactivity theory. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:141103. [PMID: 31615242 DOI: 10.1063/1.5124244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional reactivity theory (DFRT) makes use of simple electron density functionals to appreciate chemical reactivity. The Kullback-Leibler divergence, also called information gain or relative Shannon entropy, as a key component of the DFRT framework has entertained a few fascinating applications in the recent literature. For instance, it was employed to rationalize the Hirshfeld stockholder partition of atoms in molecules. It has also been applied to both determine regioselectivity and simultaneously quantify molecular electrophilicity and nucleophilicity, the capability of atoms in molecules to accept and donate electrons. In this work, we examine the local behavior of the Kullback-Leibler divergence and present a novel identity for it. The validity of the identity is subsequently verified by the numerical results of neutral atoms from He to Kr with different choices of the reference density. Analytical properties and local behaviors of the three new functions introduced in the identity are discussed. These new local functions, together with the identity unveiled in this work, should provide new perspectives for us to further develop the DFRT framework with added insights about the local behavior of molecular physiochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, USA
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18
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Wang B, Yu D, Zhao D, Rong C, Liu S. Nature and origin of γ-gauche effect in sulfoxides: A density functional theory and information-theoretic approach study. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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On the theoretical rationalization of intermolecular interactions: insights from DFT energy partitioning schemes. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Alipour M, Badooei Z. Toward Electron Correlation and Electronic Properties from the Perspective of Information Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6424-6437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Alipour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran
| | - Zeinab Badooei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran
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SCI: a robust and reliable density-based descriptor to determine multiple covalent bond orders. J Mol Model 2018; 24:213. [PMID: 30032451 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Very recently [J. Phys. Chem. A 2018, 122 (11), 3087-3095], we proposed to employ the Pauli energy to identify and determine strong covalent interactions (SCI), whose bond order are equal to or larger than two. This is done through the signature isosurface shape between the two bonding atoms. We discovered that the signature shape for a double, triple, and quadruple covalent bond is like a dumbbell, donut (torus), and four-beats, respectively. Systems with even higher bond orders were examined and confirmed. This work is a follow-up study of our previous work. The dependence of the signature isosurface shape on the choice of methodologies and basis sets is systematically investigated. Its effectiveness and robustness in determining bond orders are highlighted again with more examples. In addition, using the molybdenum dimer in different environments, e.g., in vacuum, sandwiched between molecules, and encapsulated in the C80 cage, as illustrative examples, we show that, generally speaking, bond strength and bond order are two different chemical concepts. For systems containing transition metals, it is not always true that a short metal-metal bond length corresponds to a larger bond order. Put together, these results should provide additional pieces of convincing evidence showing that the SCI index is a robust and reliable density-based descriptor to accurately determine multiple covalent bond orders.
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Deng Y, Yu D, Cao X, Liu L, Rong C, Lu T, Liu S. Structure, aromaticity and reactivity of corannulene and its analogues: a conceptual density functional theory and density functional reactivity theory study. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1403657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youer Deng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Lianghong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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