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Wares KE, Cieri-Hutcherson NE, Woodruff AE, Hutcherson TC. Community pharmacist recommendations regarding raspberry leaf for induction of labor: A mystery caller approach. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2023; 63:1168-1174. [PMID: 37084809 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raspberry leaf products are recommended by health care providers to induce labor despite insufficient efficacy and safety data. Less is known about community pharmacists' knowledge and recommendations regarding raspberry leaf products. OBJECTIVE The primary end point was to describe New York State community pharmacist recommendations regarding raspberry leaf for labor induction. Secondary end points evaluated pharmacists' assessment of the patient for additional information, citation of a supporting reference, provision of safety and efficacy information, recommendation of a patient-appropriate reference, and change in recommendation after learning about the obstetrician-gynecologist's recommendation. DESIGN Using a list of registered New York State pharmacies via a Freedom of Information Law request, a randomized representative sample of included pharmacy types (grocery store, drugstore chain, independent, and mass merchandising) was called using a mystery caller approach. Calls were conducted by one investigator throughout July 2022. Data collection included items specific to the primary and secondary outcomes. This study was approved by the associated institutional review board. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS New York State community pharmacists from grocery store, drugstore chain, independent, and mass merchandising pharmacies were called using the mystery caller approach. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was measured by the number of evidence-based recommendations made by pharmacists. RESULTS The study included 366 pharmacies. Despite insufficient efficacy and safety data, there were 308 recommendations to use raspberry leaf products (n = 308 of 366, 84.1%). Most pharmacists attempted to collect additional patient information (n = 278 of 366, 76.0%). Many pharmacists did not clearly convey safety (n = 168 of 366, 45.9%) or efficacy (n = 197 of 366, 53.8%) information. Of those who discussed safety or efficacy, many said raspberry leaf products were safe and effective (n = 125 of 198, 63.1%; n = 82 of 169, 48.5%). Pharmacists often referred or deferred the patient to another medical professional for more information (n = 92 of 282, 32.6%). CONCLUSION There is an opportunity to improve pharmacists' knowledge on the use of raspberry leaf products for the induction of labor and in making evidence-based recommendations when limited or conflicting efficacy and safety data exist.
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Millward J, McKay K, Holmes JT, Owens CT. Pharmacist Knowledge and Perceptions of Homeopathy: A Survey of Recent Pharmacy Graduates in Practice. PHARMACY 2022; 10:pharmacy10050130. [PMID: 36287451 PMCID: PMC9608643 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeopathic products are available over the counter in many pharmacies in the United States and are popular among consumers, although there is no conclusive evidence of their therapeutic effects. Pharmacists are obligated to provide well-informed, evidence-based information on these products, but many graduates may not be receiving adequate training in this area. This report outlines the results of a survey assessing whether taking a focused elective course in complementary and integrative health (CIH) affects knowledge and perceptions regarding homeopathy. A 22-question survey was developed and distributed to graduates of Idaho State University College of Pharmacy. Responses on survey items were compared between those who had reported taking the CIH elective course and those who had not. Of the 475 pharmacists, 89 completed the survey (response rate of 18.7%). Pharmacists who had taken the CIH elective course reported being more comfortable answering patient questions (82% vs. 44%, p < 0.001), felt more able to make recommendations (75% vs. 36%, p < 0.001), and felt they could explain the proposed mechanism of action of homeopathic remedies to their patients (87% vs. 61%, p = 0.002). Those who took the elective course were also more likely to say that any benefits of homeopathy were due to the placebo effect (82% vs. 64%, p = 0.007). A significantly higher portion of respondents who had not taken the elective course indicated that they could benefit from further training on CIH topics when compared with those who had taken the elective course (85% vs. 51%, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference between groups with respect to their use of reliable resources (e.g., PubMed and Natural Medicines) vs. unreliable sources (other internet searches or personal anecdotes) when addressing CIH-related questions. These findings indicate that pharmacists with more focused training in CIH are more comfortable, confident, and knowledgeable when discussing homeopathy. Such education should be provided more broadly to students in colleges of pharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordin Millward
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - Kasidy McKay
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - John T. Holmes
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - Christopher T. Owens
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(208)-406-4161
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Abd Wahab MS, Wan Ismail WNS, Ali AA, Ibrahim N, Othman N, Mohd Nor Hazalin NA, Goh KW, Ming LC. Self-Learning about Herbal and Dietary Supplements: Perspectives Using the Theoretical Domains Framework. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10901. [PMID: 36078618 PMCID: PMC9518025 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Self-learning (SL) is a process in which individuals take the initiative to acquire knowledge with or without the help of others. Knowledge about herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) is important for pharmacists. Unfortunately, there is limited coverage of topics relating to HDS in the pharmacy curricula. The present focus group study applies the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore pharmacy students' practices and beliefs regarding SL about HDS (SL-HDS). Methods: Focus group interviews (FGIs) were conducted between April and May 2019 among a sample of undergraduate pharmacy students at a public university (n = 20). Four FGI sessions were conducted, each lasting about 60 to 75 min, and all the sessions were audio-recorded. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results: Beliefs about SL-HDS were categorised into 12 domains based on the TDF. Students showed positive attitudes towards SL-HDS and agreed that their involvement in SL-HDS was instrumental in improving their knowledge about various aspects of HDS including indications, adverse effects, and HDS-drug interactions. Various facilitators and barriers influencing students' participation in SL-HDS were uncovered (e.g., access to the internet, time, availability of reference resources). The students demanded to be equipped with critical appraisal skills, as they had limited confidence in assessing literature or information about HDS. Conclusion: This study revealed that the students saw the benefits of SL-HDS. They also perceived that engaging in SL-HDS is compatible with the role of pharmacy students. The findings showed students' readiness and willingness to conduct SL-HDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahezwan Abd Wahab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nur Syamimi Wan Ismail
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Aida Azlina Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Norkasihan Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Noordin Othman
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 30001, Saudi Arabia
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aqmar Mohd Nor Hazalin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
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Chang HY, Chen CH, Liu CW. The effect of a virtual simulation-based educational application on nursing students' belief and self-efficacy in communicating with patients about complementary and alternative medicine. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 114:105394. [PMID: 35580537 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simulation-based learning that focuses on the development and assessment of communication and counseling skills can help nursing students achieve better skill performance and gain self-confidence with decision-making ability. It is unknown whether virtual simulation as an instructional design significantly improves educational outcomes than a traditional lecture with low-fidelity simulation in students. OBJECTIVES The aim was to explore the effect of a virtual simulation-based educational smartphone application on nursing students' beliefs and self-efficacy in communicating with patients about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 101 nursing students, who were in their second or third-year nursing program at a Southern Taiwan university volunteered to participate in the academic year 2020-2021. Participants were assigned to an experimental or control group in an elective course. METHODS All participants received a 4-hour lecture that included an in-class lecture with low-fidelity simulation (paper-based scenarios) about the risk-benefit assessment of a patient's CAM use. The experimental group received a series of 13 virtual simulation exercises with clinical scenarios by means of a smartphone application. Data from belief and self-efficacy scales were collected at the beginning and end of the course from September 2020 to February 2021. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed using the IBM® SPSS® version 23.0. RESULTS Although both groups significantly improved their belief and self-efficacy scale scores, the experimental group had significant differences in overall self-efficacy in communicating with patients about CAM use compared with the control group, specifically the CAM perceptions and self-confidence scores. CONCLUSIONS Although both in-class and virtual simulation improved nursing students' belief and self-efficacy, the virtual simulation-based educational app is effective as an adjunct learning tool in significantly increasing nursing students' self-efficacy in communicating with patients about CAM use to help minimize their risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Yun Chang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ching Hsiu Chen
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chien Wei Liu
- Department of Nursing, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Rogge M, Kumar P, Grundmann O. Front-Line Health Care Professionals Lack Critical Knowledge in Dietary Supplement and Nutraceutical Products: A Call to Action for Comprehensive Educational Opportunities. J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 62:17-19. [PMID: 34648667 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Factors Affecting Tendency and Adherence to Traditional Persian Medicine: A Qualitative Study. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adherence to medications is crucial for them to be effective. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is an ancient medical discipline originated from old Persia and is currently used along with modern medicine in Iran. Evaluating the factors affecting adherence to TPM can have far-reaching implications for policymakers to make informed decisions. Objectives: This qualitative study investigates the factors affecting tendency and adherence to TPM among Iranians. Methods: We collected data from stakeholders in TPM using a focus group involving 13 participants and by conducting four in-depth interviews. The saturation point was reached at the 4th interview. We recorded all the interviews and then transcribed them verbatim for thematic content analysis. Results: We obtained 297 codes and 29 sub-themes for the factors affecting adherence to TPM, including the factors affecting compliance and tendency. Then we extracted the main themes. People’s beliefs, the inherent characteristics of traditional medicine and its status quo, attempts to bring about positive changes to TPM, and the problems facing the modern health system were the main factors affecting adherence to TPM. Conclusions: Despite many strenuous efforts in Iran to study TPM along with the lines of evidence-based medicine, policymaking, financing, patients’ and healthcare providers’ education, popular beliefs, and administrative transparency are needed to be addressed more adequately to promote adherence to TPM and help build integrative medicine in Iran’s healthcare system.
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Choi AN, Payakachat N, Harrington HP, Compadre C. Yoga therapy knowledge in third-year pharmacy students: An education intervention. CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING & LEARNING 2021; 13:665-671. [PMID: 33867062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The omission of yoga education in health professions curricula limits health professionals from understanding how to support patient well-being in an integrated manner. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a yoga therapy-based educational intervention in increasing yoga knowledge of third-year pharmacy students. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AND SETTING Students in the Pharmacognosy and Complementary and Alternative Medicine course received a three-hour educational intervention over two class meetings on yoga therapy during fall 2019. The pedagogical method of peer instruction was used, and pre- and post-questionnaires were administered online prior to and after the intervention. The instrument contained eight demographic, six yoga knowledge and participation, 10 yoga therapy, and 15 referral behavior questions. FINDINGS A statistically significant increase in yoga knowledge scores from 1.43 ± 0.9 before the education intervention to 5.69 ± 1.65 after the intervention occurred (P < .01) was found. A majority believed that yoga therapy should be included in the curriculum. SUMMARY Increases in post-questionnaire knowledge scores suggested that the educational intervention increased pharmacy students' knowledge of yoga therapy in our sample. Studies specific to yoga education in health professional students, especially in the United States, are scarce. Additionally, the impact of an educational intervention on yoga knowledge in pharmacy students has not been studied. Including yoga therapy in pharmacy curricula should be explored as greater integration of yoga in healthcare is likely to occur due to its effectiveness as an adjunct and widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie N Choi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 4301 West Markham St, #522, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
| | - Nalin Payakachat
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 4301 West Markham St, #522, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
| | - Hayley P Harrington
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 4301 West Markham St, #522, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
| | - Cesar Compadre
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 4301 West Markham St, #522, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
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Tommelein E, De Boevre M, Vanhie L, Van Tongelen I, Boussery K, De Saeger S. Revisiting the Food- and Nutrition-Related Curriculum in Healthcare Education: An Example for Pharmacy Education. PHARMACY 2021; 9:pharmacy9020104. [PMID: 34067396 PMCID: PMC8162543 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy9020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to obtain an objective overview of nutritional topics discussed in community pharmacies to adapt the nutrition-related course content in pharmacy education. Methods: We performed an observational study between July 2014 and April 2015 in 136 community pharmacies in Belgium. During four months, each pharmacy intern recorded the first two food- and nutrition-related cases with which they were confronted. Each case was classified into one of 18 categories. Results: 1004 cases were included by 135 pharmacy interns. The most often discussed subjects include “food supplements” (38%), “baby food” (19%), and “healthy food and nutritional recommendations” (11%). In 45% (447/1004) of all cases, pharmacy interns were able to immediately discuss the cases without searching for additional information. Eventually, after looking up extra information, 95% (958/1004) of cases could be answered. Conclusions: Food- and nutrition-related cases are discussed in primary healthcare. We recommend food- and nutrition-related courses in the curriculum of every healthcare profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Tommelein
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FARM), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-264-81-15
| | - Lize Vanhie
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Inge Van Tongelen
- Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.V.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Koen Boussery
- Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.V.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
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Boylan PM, Murzello A, Parmar J, Chow NK. Integration of Latin American Complementary and Alternative Medicine Topics Into a Doctor of Pharmacy Curriculum and Survey of Student Attitudes and Behaviors. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2020; 7:2382120520904121. [PMID: 32072013 PMCID: PMC6997959 DOI: 10.1177/2382120520904121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One in 3 adults report using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and as many as 7 in 10 Hispanic patients report CAM use. Pharmacists often encounter patients who use CAM products and therefore college of pharmacy curricular standards require both CAM and cultural competence training; however, there is little guidance for colleges on how to best deliver this material. In Fall 2017, Larkin University College of Pharmacy implemented a curricular change wherein first professional (P1) year pharmacy students selected, researched, and presented on a CAM product from Latin America. Pre-post surveys were administered to the students to measure their attitudes and behaviors toward CAM before and after completing their project. Survey results showed that student attitudes and behaviors toward CAM were largely unchanged; however, post-survey results showed that students agreed that they knew where to search for Latin American CAM information (P < 0.05). Integration of Latin American CAM topics was successfully implemented in the P1 year of a Doctor of Pharmacy degree curriculum to foster cultural competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Boylan
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
| | - Andrea Murzello
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
- Office of Experiential Education,
College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jayesh Parmar
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
| | - Nicholas K Chow
- Clinical Trials, Miami Cancer Institute,
Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
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Nathan JP, Kudadjie-Gyamfi E, Halberstam L, Wright JT. Consumers' Information-Seeking Behaviors on Dietary Supplements. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2019; 40:171-176. [PMID: 31514581 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x19874967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Consumers are advised to seek information about dietary supplements (DS) before using them; little is known concerning whether this recommendation is heeded. Objective The objectives of this pilot study were to investigate whether users of DS seek information about these products before using them and particularly whether such information is sought from health-care professionals (HCPs). Methods Surveys administered face-to-face to adult consumers at three venues in New York City. Results Between November 2017 and October 2018, 199 consumers were surveyed. Of the 139 (70%) DS users, 104 (75%) used at least one DS that was not prescribed/recommended by an HCP. Of those, 88 (85%) reported seeking information about DS before using them and two (2%) noted that for some they do and for some they do not. The source of information most frequently used was the Internet (76; 84%). Pharmacists, dietitians/nutritionists, and medical doctors were reported to be a source of information by seven (8%), six (7%), and five (6%) of the respondents, respectively. DS were most commonly purchased at a pharmacy (76; 54%). Of the 199 participants, 111 (56%) perceived DS to be “very safe” or “safe,” while 20 (10%) reported that DS were “unsafe” or “very unsafe”; 60 (30%) participants were “neutral.” Conclusion Although most DS users sought information prior to using them, the majority did so by using the Internet and only a few consulted with an HCP. HCPs should be proactive in educating consumers about the importance of consulting with them prior to using these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Nathan
- International Drug Information Center, CVS Health, Queens, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Josephine T Wright
- Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hamouda O, Sweilam M, Abdellah A, El Sayed SM. Evaluation of pioneering introduction of integrative and prophetic medicine education in an Arabic medical school (Taibah University, Saudi Arabia): 10 years' experience. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:2157-2165. [PMID: 30966841 PMCID: PMC6567772 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519831174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess physicians' attitudes toward integrative medicine (IM), including prophetic medicine (PM), combining the best of modern medicine with the best of alternative and complementary medicine. Most physicians are unfamiliar with IM and PM and may thus be against them and it may communicate that to the public. Methods Taibah University (Saudi Arabia) is the sole university in the Arab world with an educational medical course in IM and PM. We assessed IM scientific knowledge and students’ feedback regarding course contents, course design, and teaching methods. A questionnaire was administered to medical students who attended the course. Results A total 650 students (264 men, 386 women) participated in the study; 83% considered the IM (including PM) education beneficial. Among them, 49.6% (range, 60% to 100%) reported that they gained medical benefit from studying IM, and 74% expressed strong positive attitudes toward studying IM. Among participants, 65.8% agreed with the current course topics, without the need to add or delete any topics; 95% of students were satisfied with IM and PM education. Students' interest in the branches of IM included all IM subspecialties. Conclusion IM and PM education should be globally generalized to all medical students, physicians, and health practitioners, particularly in Arabic universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Hamouda
- 1 Assistant professor, Integrative Medicine and Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,2 Department of Dermatology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Sweilam
- 3 Professor, Department of Statistics, Community College, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,4 Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Antar Abdellah
- 5 Professor of TESOL, Department of Curricula and instruction, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,6 Professor of TESOL, Department of Curricula and instruction, College of Education, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Salah Mohamed El Sayed
- 1 Assistant professor, Integrative Medicine and Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,7 Assistant professor, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,8 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Longyhore DS, Dixon DL, Noel ZR. A Modified Approach to Setting Curriculum Boundaries in Pharmacy School. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2018; 82:7010. [PMID: 30559503 PMCID: PMC6291673 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe7010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Doctor of Pharmacy department heads are responsible for determining the breadth and depth of content within courses. While the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) provides standards for what content, skills, and abilities should be included in PharmD education, the process that schools and colleges use to determine the degree to which these measured outcomes are taught is variable. As new topics and content for instruction are identified, schools and colleges are faced with either extending the PharmD curriculum length, removing other content, or diminishing the depth that other content is covered to make room for new content. To assist with these decisions, the Ebel grid is a tool that can be used to identify the criticality and relevance of encountered topics as well as guide pre-APPE curriculum selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dave L. Dixon
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zachary R. Noel
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland
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