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Liu S, Zhang W, Chen Q, Hou J, Wang J, Zhong Y, Wang X, Jiang W, Ran H, Guo D. Multifunctional nanozyme for multimodal imaging-guided enhanced sonodynamic therapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14049-14066. [PMID: 34477686 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01449h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a highly promising approach for cancer therapy, but its efficacy is severely hampered by the low specificity of sonosensitizers and the unfavorable characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as hypoxia and glutathione (GSH) overexpression. To solve these problems, in this work, we encapsulated IR780 and MnO2 in PLGA and linked Angiopep-2 (Ang) to synthesize a multifunctional nanozyme (Ang-IR780-MnO2-PLGA, AIMP) to enhance SDT. With Ang functionalization to facilitate blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and glioma targeting, and through the function of IR780, these nanoparticles (NPs) showed improved targeting of cancer cells, especially mitochondria, and spread deep into tumor centers. Upon low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were produced and induced tumor cell apoptosis. Combined with the specific mitochondria-targeting ability of IR780, the sonodynamic effects were amplified because mitochondria are sensitive to ROS. In addition, MnO2 exhibited enzyme-like activity, reacting with the high levels of hydrogen protons (H+), H2O2 and GSH in the TME to continuously produce oxygen and consume GSH, which further enhanced the effect of SDT. Moreover, Mn2+ can be released in response to TME stimulation and used as a magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent. In addition, IR780 has photoacoustic (PA)/fluorescence (FL) imaging capabilities. Our results demonstrated that AIMP NPs subjected to LIFU triggering maximally enhanced the therapeutic effect of SDT by multiple mechanisms, including multiple targeting, deep penetration, oxygen supply in situ and GSH depletion, thereby significantly inhibiting tumor growth and distal metastasis without systemic toxicity. In summary, this multifunctional nanozyme provides a promising strategy for cancer diagnosis and treatment under the intelligent guidance of multimodal imaging (PA/FL/MR) and may be a safe clinical translational method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China.
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Kalaiselvan C, Thorat ND, Sahu NK. Carboxylated PEG-Functionalized MnFe 2O 4 Nanocubes Synthesized in a Mixed Solvent: Morphology, Magnetic Properties, and Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5266-5275. [PMID: 33681567 PMCID: PMC7931194 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferrites are one of the most studied materials around the globe due to their distinctive biological and magnetic properties. In the same line, anisotropic MnFe2O4 nanoparticles have been explored as a potential candidate possessing excellent magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and strong magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties such as r2 relaxivity for magnetic field-guided biomedical applications. The current work reports the synthesis and morphological evolution of MnFe2O4 nanocubes (MNCs) in a hydrothermal process using different volume ratios of water and ethanol. The synthesis protocol was designed to influence the properties of the ferrite nanocubes, for example, the variation in surface tension, dielectric properties, and the ionic character of the solvent, and this has been achieved by adding ethanol into water during the synthesis. Pristine MnFe2O4 is formed with well-defined cubic to irregular cubic shapes with the addition of ethanol, as evidenced from XRD, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and porosity measurements. MNCs have been investigated for magnetic hyperthermia and MRI applications. Well-defined cubic-shaped MNCs with uniform size distribution possessed a high saturation magnetization of 63 emu g-1 and a transverse relaxivity (r2) of 216 mM-1 s-1 (Mn + Fe). Furthermore, the colloidal nanocubes showed concentration-dependent hyperthermic response under an alternating magnetic field. The MNCs are biocompatible but advantageously show anticancer activities on breast cancer MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandunika
R. Kalaiselvan
- Centre
for Nanotechnology Research, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nanasaheb D. Thorat
- Medical
Science Division, Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive
Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K.
| | - Niroj Kumar Sahu
- Centre
for Nanotechnology Research, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kim JG, Jang MS, Kumari N, Choi JK, Im GH, Kwon T, Lee JH, Lee WJ, Lee IS. Differential characterization of hepatic tumors in MR imaging by burst-released Mn 2+-ions from hollow manganese-silicate nanoparticles in the liver. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119600. [PMID: 31727420 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gd3+-based contrast agents monopolize in the clinical MR imaging-based diagnosis of hepatic tumors, however, the inherent toxicity by the released Gd3+-ions triggered an urgent demand for safer alternatives. Here, we demonstrate hollow manganese silicate nanoparticles (HMS), which exert burst-release of Mn2+-ions by switching to physiological acidic condition, exhibiting high effectiveness in hepatic tumor characterization as liver-specific MR contrast agent through the in-depth in vivo MR imaging study and immunohistochemical investigations with three hepatic tumor models (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, adenocarcinoma). Their characteristic time-sequential enhancement patterns in HMS-enhanced MR imaging with improved conspicuity reflect their biological features such as vascularity, cellularity, mitochondrial activity and hepatocellular specificity, and thus allow the disease-specific characterization of various hepatic tumors. HMS-enhanced MR imaging with necrotic hepatocellular carcinoma model suggested the good correlation of the extent of tumor necrosis with residual mitochondrial activity. Such multi-responsive spatio-biological distribution and function of HMS resulting in time-dependent bioimaging coupled with low systemic toxicity sets the clinical potential to accurate diagnosis and therapeutic response in various hepatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Goo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Sun Jang
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Nitee Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Ho Im
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewan Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea; Departments of Health Science and Technology and Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea; Departments of Health Science and Technology and Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Su Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Geninatti Crich S, Cutrin JC, Lanzardo S, Conti L, Kálmán FK, Szabó I, Lago NR, Iolascon A, Aime S. Mn-loaded apoferritin: a highly sensitive MRI imaging probe for the detection and characterization of hepatocarcinoma lesions in a transgenic mouse model. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:281-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | | | - Ibolya Szabó
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry IFM; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | - Néstor R. Lago
- Center of Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine; University of Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires; Argentina
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate; University of Naples; Naples; Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry IFM; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
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Yang Y, Gervai PD, Sun J, Gruwel ML, Kupriyanov V. Dynamic manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can detect chronic cryoinjury-induced infarction in pig hearts in vivo. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2011; 6:426-36. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Yang
- University of Manitoba; Winnipeg; Manitoba; Canada
| | | | - Jiankang Sun
- Institute for Biodiagnostics, NRC; Winnipeg; Manitoba; Canada
| | - Marco L. Gruwel
- Institute for Biodiagnostics, NRC; Winnipeg; Manitoba; Canada
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Tahir B, Sandrasegaran K, Ramaswamy R, Bertrand K, Mhapsekar R, Akisik FM, Saxena R. Does the hepatocellular phase of gadobenate dimeglumine help to differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients according to histological grade? Clin Radiol 2011; 66:845-52. [PMID: 21771548 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the role of the hepatocellular phase on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following gadobenate in characterizing the grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of the MRI database from October 2004 to February 2009, performed for this Institutional Review Board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-complaint study, revealed 237 cirrhotic patients with focal liver lesions. Patients who had both a hepatocellular phase after gadobenate and pathological confirmation of HCC were included. Forty-six patients with 73 HCC were analysed independently by two reviewers for signal characteristics. Absolute contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and enhancement ratio (ER) were calculated. Univariate analysis, stepwise logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were performed. RESULTS The mean age was 61.3 years (range 45 to 78 years). There were 11 females and 35 males, who had 22 well-differentiated (WD HCC), 35 moderately-differentiated (MD HCC), and 16 poorly-differentiated (PD HCC) hepatocellular carcinomas. On visual analysis of the hepatocellular phase, a hyperintense or isointense lesion had a sensitivity and specificity of 45% and 76%, respectively, for WD HCC. On quantitative analysis, the only significant predictor of the grade of HCC was the ER on the hepatocellular phase (p=0.019 and 0.001 for the two reviewers in logistic regression model). On ROC analysis, an ER of >13% was 47% sensitive and 89% specific in predicting WD HCC histology. CONCLUSION Although the hepatocellular phase of gadobenate may help to differentiate some cases of WD HCC from the more aggressive grades, there is overlap between the different grades on qualitative and quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tahir
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Sano K, Ichikawa T, Motosugi U, Sou H, Muhi AM, Matsuda M, Nakano M, Sakamoto M, Nakazawa T, Asakawa M, Fujii H, Kitamura T, Enomoto N, Araki T. Imaging study of early hepatocellular carcinoma: usefulness of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 2011; 261:834-44. [PMID: 21998047 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe imaging findings of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, dynamic contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT), CT during arterial portography (CTAP), and CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) and to compare the diagnostic performance of each modality for small (≤ 2 cm) HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institute ethics committee deemed study approval unnecessary. One hundred eight resected small lesions in 64 patients were diagnosed as a dysplastic nodule (DN) (n = 12), progressed HCC (n = 66), or early HCC (n = 30). All but two patients underwent all imaging examinations. The imaging characteristics of the lesions with each modality were determined. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the modalities, two radiologists graded the presence of HCC with use of a five-point confidence scale. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (A(z)), sensitivity, and specificity of each modality were compared. RESULTS The imaging features that are statistically significant for differentiating an early HCC from a DN include fat-containing lesions at dual-echo T1-weighted MR imaging (seen in 16 of the 30 early HCCs and none of the DNs), low attenuation at unenhanced CT (seen in 13 of the 30 early HCCs and none of the DNs), low attenuation at CTAP (seen in 11 of the 30 early HCCs and none of the DNs), and low signal intensity at hepatocyte phase gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging (seen in 29 of the 30 early HCCs and none of the DNs). The diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging (A(z), 0.98 and 0.99) was significantly greater than that of contrast-enhanced CT (A(z), 0.87) and CTHA-CTAP (A(z), 0.85 and 0.86) owing to its significantly higher sensitivity (P < .001). CONCLUSION Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging is the most useful imaging technique for evaluating small HCC, including early HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Sano
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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Gadoxetate disodium-enhanced hepatobiliary phase MRI of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with histological characteristics. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011; 197:399-405. [PMID: 21785086 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.10.5439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess whether gadoxetate disodium-enhanced hepatobiliary phase MRI could predict the histologic factors of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-three HCCs histopathologically proved by surgery in 51 patients were evaluated retrospectively. All patients underwent gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI before surgical resection. The differences in contrast enhancement ratio of the lesions and differences in contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) among the histologic grades of HCC were compared by using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Spearman method was used to determine the correlations among contrast enhancement ratio, CNR, cell density ratio, and positivity for anti-hepatocyte antibody, keratin 7, and keratin 19. RESULTS Of 53 HCCs, 50 showed low signal intensity on hepatobiliary phase images, whereas three HCCs were hyperintense on hepatobiliary phase images compared with surrounding hepatic parenchyma. Although well-differentiated HCCs tended to show higher contrast enhancement, there was no statistical significance between contrast enhancement ratio of the tumors and histologic grade (p = 0.414). No significant difference was observed between CNR and histologic grade (p = 0.965). The contrast enhancement ratios of the tumors were significantly lower in the keratin 19-positive group than in the keratin 19-negative group (p = 0.015). There was no significant correlation among contrast enhancement ratio, anti-hepatocyte antibody positivity, cell density ratio, and keratin 7 positivity (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The contrast enhancement ratio and CNR of HCCs were not correlated with histologic grades. The contrast enhancement ratio was significantly lower in keratin 19-positive HCCs.
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Sutcliffe RP, Lewis D, Kane PA, Portmann BC, O'Grady JG, Karani JB, Rela M, Heaton ND. Manganese-enhanced MRI predicts the histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma in potential surgical candidates. Clin Radiol 2010; 66:237-43. [PMID: 21295202 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the role of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance (Mn-MRI) in predicting tumour differentiation prior to liver transplant or resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The inclusion criteria were patients with HCC who underwent Mn-MRI prior to transplantation or resection from 2001-2008. T1-weighted MRI images were acquired at 0 and 24h after manganese dipyridoxal diphosphate (MnDPDP) intravenous contrast medium and reviewed prospectively. Manganese retention at 24h was correlated with tumour differentiation and disease-free survival. RESULTS Eighty-six patients underwent Mn-MRI (transplantation 60, resection 26); 114/125 lesions (91%) that were arterialised as evidenced at computed tomography (CT) and had manganese uptake on MRI were HCC. There were 11 false positives (9%) that were regenerative nodules. Ten of fourteen non-manganese-retaining HCC (71%) were poorly differentiated, compared with only 13/114 manganese-retaining HCC (11%) (p<0.0001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of non-retention of MnDPDP in predicting poorly differentiated tumours were 0.43, 0.96, 0.71 and 0.88. Median disease-free survival of patients with non-manganese-retaining HCC was less than for patients with manganese-retaining HCC (14±5 months versus 39±3 months, log rank p=0.025). CONCLUSION Non-manganese-retaining HCCs are likely to be poorly differentiated and have a poor prognosis. Manganese-enhanced MRI appears to have a role in preoperative assessment of HCC and warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Sutcliffe
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Lee SA, Lee CH, Jung WY, Lee J, Choi JW, Kim KA, Park CM. Paradoxical high signal intensity of hepatocellular carcinoma in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI: initial experience. Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 29:83-90. [PMID: 20832227 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the paradoxical high signal intensity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the hepatobiliary phase on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A database search was performed to identify cases of HCC that showed unusual prolonged enhancement in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI. All patients received 3.0-T liver MRI including precontrast T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images and a post Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced dynamic study. The signal intensity of HCC was measured at pre-enhanced, arterial, portal, delayed and hepatobiliary phase using regions of interest. Radiologic and pathologic correlation was performed for the paradoxically prolonged enhancing portion of HCC in the hepatobiliary phase. RESULTS Four patients (all male, age range 44-70; mean 57.5 years) were included in this study. All patients showed HCC lesions that were low signal intensity (SI) on T1-WI, high SI on T2-WI, enhanced in arterial phase, and washed-out in delayed phase. All cases showed paradoxically high SI in hepatobiliary phase, which was unusual for HCC. Pathologically, they were all diagnosed as well-differentiated HCC with prominent cytoplasm and a bile secreting appearance. CONCLUSION HCC may demonstrate the prolonged high signal intensity at the hepatobiliary phase on Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI. These HCCs tended to be highly differentiated and to have prominent bile secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun Ah Lee
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
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