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Zhang E, Zeng Q, Xu Y, Lu J, Li C, Xiao K, Li X, Li J, Li T, Li C, Zhang L. A smartphone-based immunochromatographic strip platform for on-site quantitative detection of antigenic targets. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39221502 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00484a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
To report the testing signal of an immunochromatographic assay for on-site quantitative detection, a portable and user-friendly smartphone-based biosensing platform is developed in this study. This innovative system is composed of an ambient light sensor inherent smartphone reader and a 3D-printed handhold device, a quantitative tool capable of directly interpreting carbon nanoparticle (CNP)-conjugated immunochromatographic strips. To showcase the platform capability, the smartphone-based immunochromatography system (SPICS) reader and device were successfully used in CNP strips for rapid detection of the early pregnancy marker human chorionic gonadotropin in female urine (HCG; limit of detection [LOD]: 0.30 mIU mL-1), prostate-specific antigen in patient blood (PSA; LOD: 0.28 ng mL-1) and ampicillin residue in animal milk (AMP; LOD: 0.23 ng mL-1). The results were fully correlated with conventional commercial instruments (R2 = 0.99). The SPICS platform exhibits significant advantages, including portability, cost-effectiveness, easy operation, and rapid and quantitative detection, making it a valuable on-site diagnosis tool for use in home and community healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, He Xian Memorial Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 511402, China
| | - Jinhui Lu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Chinese Medicine in Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Xiaozhou Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Shenzhen Bao'an District Central Blood Station, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
- Shenzhen Bao'an District Central Blood Station, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Chengyao Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Wang X, Gopalsamy K, Clavier G, Maurin G, Ding B, Tissot A, Serre C. Lanthanide MOF-based luminescent sensor arrays for the detection of castration-resistant prostate cancer curing drugs and biomarkers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6488-6499. [PMID: 38699260 PMCID: PMC11062119 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06899d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has profoundly impacted the lives of many men, and early diagnosis of medication and illness is crucial. Therefore, a highly efficient detection method for CRPC biomarkers and curing drugs is required. However, the complex and diverse structures of CRPC drugs pose significant challenges for their detection and differentiation. Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) show great potential for sensing applications due to their intense and characteristic luminescence. In this work, a series of new bimetallic Ln-MOFs (EuxTb1-x-MOF) based luminescent sensor arrays have been developed to identify CRPC drugs, including in mixtures, via principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) methods. These Ln-MOFs are built with a highly conjugated H2L linker (H2L = 5-(4-(triazole-1-yl)phenyl)isophthalic acid) and exhibit robust strong luminescence emissions (mainly located at 543 and 614 nm) and high energy transfer efficiencies. More specifically, Eu0.096Tb0.904-MOF (MOF 3) has demonstrated good sensing performances for CRPC curing drugs in real human serum samples. Furthermore, the curing drug hydroxyflutamide has been combined with MOF 3, to construct a robust composite sensing platform MOF 3@hydroxyflutamide for highly efficient detection of CRPC biomarkers such as the androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Finally, luminescence lifetime measurements, zeta potential measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to gain insights into the sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Wang
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Gilles Clavier
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | | | - Bin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University 393 Binshui West Road Tianjin 300387 PR China
| | - Antoine Tissot
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Christian Serre
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
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3
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Umrao S, Zheng M, Jin X, Yao S, Wang X. Net-Shaped DNA Nanostructure-Based Lateral Flow Assays for Rapid and Sensitive SARS-CoV-2 Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3291-3299. [PMID: 38306661 PMCID: PMC10922791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Lateral flow assay (LFA)-based rapid antigen tests are experiencing extensive global uptake as an expeditious and highly effective modality for the screening of viral infections during the COVID-19 pandemic. While these devices have played a significant role in alleviating the burden on the public healthcare system, their specificity and sensitivity fall short compared with molecular tests. In this study, we endeavor to address both limitations through the utilization of DNA nanotechnology in LFA format, wherein we substitute the target-specific antibody with designer DNA nanostructure-based molecular probes for recognizing the SARS-CoV-2 virus via multivalent, pattern-matching interactions. We meticulously designed a Net-shaped DNA nanostructure and strategically arranged trimeric clusters of aptamers that specifically recognize the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2. This approach has proven instrumental in bolstering virus-binding affinity on the LFAs. Our findings indicate high LFA sensitivity, enabling the detection of viral loads ranging from 103 to 108 viral copies/mL. This notable sensitivity is maintained across various SARS-CoV-2 viral strains, obviating the need for intricate sample preparation protocols. The significance of this heightened sensitivity lies in the crucial role played by the designer DNA nanostructure, which facilitates the detection of extremely low levels of viral loads. This not only enhances the overall reliability of self-testing but also reduces the likelihood of false-negative results, especially in cases of low viral load within patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Umrao
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (HMNTL), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mengxi Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiaohe Jin
- Atom Bioworks Inc., Cary, North Carolina 27513, United States
| | - Sherwood Yao
- Atom Bioworks Inc., Cary, North Carolina 27513, United States
| | - Xing Wang
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (HMNTL), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Petrenko VA. Phage Display's Prospects for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Viruses 2024; 16:277. [PMID: 38400052 PMCID: PMC10892688 DOI: 10.3390/v16020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most diagnosed cancer among men. It was observed that early diagnosis of disease is highly beneficial for the survival of cancer patients. Therefore, the extension and increasing quality of life of PC patients can be achieved by broadening the cancer screening programs that are aimed at the identification of cancer manifestation in patients at earlier stages, before they demonstrate well-understood signs of the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for standard, sensitive, robust, and commonly available screening and diagnosis tools for the identification of early signs of cancer pathologies. In this respect, the "Holy Grail" of cancer researchers and bioengineers for decades has been molecular sensing probes that would allow for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of cancer diseases via their interaction with cell-secreted and cell-associated PC biomarkers, e.g., PSA and PSMA, respectively. At present, most PSA tests are performed at centralized laboratories using high-throughput total PSA immune analyzers, which are suitable for dedicated laboratories and are not readily available for broad health screenings. Therefore, the current trend in the detection of PC is the development of portable biosensors for mobile laboratories and individual use. Phage display, since its conception by George Smith in 1985, has emerged as a premier tool in molecular biology with widespread application. This review describes the role of the molecular evolution and phage display paradigm in revolutionizing the methods for the early diagnosis and monitoring of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery A Petrenko
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Garg S, Sachdeva A, Peeters M, McClements J. Point-of-Care Prostate Specific Antigen Testing: Examining Translational Progress toward Clinical Implementation. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3643-3658. [PMID: 37830899 PMCID: PMC10616866 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer and is attributable to over 375,000 deaths annually. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for PCa and therefore measuring patient PSA levels is an important aspect of the diagnostic pathway. Automated immunoassays are currently utilized for PSA analysis, but they require a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and trained personnel. This results in high diagnostic costs, extended therapeutic turnaround times, and restrictions on testing capabilities in resource-limited settings. Consequently, there is a strong drive to develop point-of-care (PoC) PSA tests that can offer accurate, low-cost, and rapid results at the time and place of the patient. However, many emerging PoC tests experience a trade-off between accuracy, affordability, and accessibility which distinctly limits their translational potential. This review comprehensively assesses the translational advantages and limitations of emerging laboratory-level and commercial PoC tests for PSA determination. Electrochemical and optical PSA sensors from 2013 to 2023 are systematically examined. Furthermore, we suggest how the translational potential of emerging tests can be optimized to achieve clinical implementation and thus improve PCa diagnosis globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saweta Garg
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
| | - Ashwin Sachdeva
- Division
of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
- Department
of Urology, The Christie NHS Foundation
Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Jake McClements
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
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Oulton T, Mahamar A, Sanogo K, Diallo M, Youssouf A, Niambele SM, Samaké S, Keita S, Sinaba Y, Sacko A, Traore SF, Lanke K, Collins KA, Bradley J, Drakeley C, Stone WJR, Dicko A. Persistence of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 antigenaemia after artemisinin combination therapy is not associated with gametocytes. Malar J 2022; 21:372. [PMID: 36474274 PMCID: PMC9724264 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04387-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In some settings, sensitive field diagnostic tools may be needed to achieve elimination of falciparum malaria. To this end, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) based on the detection of the Plasmodium falciparum protein HRP-2 are being developed with increasingly lower limits of detection. However, it is currently unclear how parasite stages that are unaffected by standard drug treatments may contribute to HRP-2 detectability and potentially confound RDT results even after clearance of blood stage infection. This study assessed the detectability of HRP-2 in periods of post-treatment residual gametocytaemia. METHODS A cohort of 100 P. falciparum infected, gametocyte positive individuals were treated with or without the gametocytocidal drug primaquine (PQ), alongside standard artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), in the context of a randomised clinical trial in Ouelessebougou, Mali. A quantitative ELISA was used to measure levels of HRP-2, and compared time to test negativity using a standard and ultra-sensitive RDT (uRDT) between residual gametocyte positive and negative groups. RESULTS Time to test negativity was longest by uRDT, followed by ELISA and then standard RDT. No significant difference in time to negativity was found between the treatment groups with and without residual gametocytes: uRDT (HR 0.79 [95% CI 0.52-1.21], p = 0.28), RDT (HR 0.77 [95% CI 0.51-1.15], p = 0.20) or ELISA (HR 0.88 [95% CI 0.59-1.32], p = 0.53). Similarly, no difference was observed when adjusting for baseline asexual parasite density. Quantified levels of HRP-2 over time were similar between groups, with differences attributable to asexual parasite densities. Furthermore, no difference in levels of HRP-2 was found between individuals who were or were not infectious to mosquitoes (OR 1.19 [95% CI 0.98-1.46], p = 0.077). CONCLUSIONS Surviving sexual stage parasites after standard ACT treatment do not contribute to the persistence of HRP-2 antigenaemia, and appear to have little impact on RDT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tate Oulton
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Almahamoudou Mahamar
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Koualy Sanogo
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Makonon Diallo
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Ahamadou Youssouf
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sidi M Niambele
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Siaka Samaké
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sekouba Keita
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Sinaba
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Adama Sacko
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sekou F Traore
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kjerstin Lanke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katharine A Collins
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John Bradley
- MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Chris Drakeley
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Will J R Stone
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Alassane Dicko
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
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A Novel, Quick, and Reliable Smartphone-Based Method for Serum PSA Quantification: Original Design of a Portable Microfluidic Immunosensor-Based System. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184483. [PMID: 36139646 PMCID: PMC9496945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and second most common cause of cancer-related death in males. An early diagnosis is crucial to improve the prognosis. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is the most widely used biomarker for PCa, but this type of biomarker analysis is performed in centralized laboratories, delaying the diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Our team has developed a miniaturized platform for portable PSA quantification to overcome this shortcoming. It includes a microfluidic chip, immune capture of PSA by magnetic microbeads, and electrochemical quantification. The utilization of a micro-potentiostat allows PSA levels to be read on a smartphone in less than 30 min. This technique was found to offer a fast, easy, specific, sensitive, and reproducible method for PSA quantification. Further research is warranted to verify these findings and explore its potential application at all health care levels. Abstract We describe a versatile, portable, and simple platform that includes a microfluidic electrochemical immunosensor for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection. It is based on the covalent immobilization of the anti-PSA monoclonal antibody on magnetic microbeads retained in the central channel of a microfluidic device. Image flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the magnetic microbeads. A direct sandwich immunoassay (with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated PSA antibody) served to quantify the cancer biomarker in serum samples. The enzymatic product was detected at −100 mV by amperometry on sputtered thin-film electrodes. Electrochemical reaction produced a current proportional to the PSA level, with a linear range from 10 pg mL−1 to 1500 pg mL−1. The sensitivity was demonstrated by a detection limit of 2 pg mL−1 and the reproducibility by a coefficient of variation of 6.16%. The clinical performance of this platform was tested in serum samples from patients with prostate cancer (PCa), observing high specificity and full correlation with gold standard determinations. In conclusion, this analytical platform is a promising tool for measuring PSA levels in patients with PCa, offering a high sensitivity and reduced variability. The small platform size and low cost of this quantitative methodology support its suitability for the fast and sensitive analysis of PSA and other circulating biomarkers in patients. Further research is warranted to verify these findings and explore its potential application at all healthcare levels.
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