1
|
Long non-coding RNA signatures and related signaling pathway in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:2081-2089. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02886-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
2
|
Hariharan C, Tao Y, Jiang L, Wen X, Liao J. Assay technologies for apoptosis and autophagy. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
3
|
Enhancing therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia virus armed with Beclin-1, an autophagic Gene in leukemia and myeloma. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110030. [PMID: 32187960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Different strategies were taken to make virotherapy more effective at killing cancer cells. Among them, oncolytic virus which arms the therapeutic gene to enhance antitumor activity is a prevalent approach. In this study, a newly developed oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV) that expresses Beclin-1 (OVV-BECN1) was tested for its in vitro and in vivo oncolytic activity in blood cancer. Results showed that the OVV exhibited higher infectivity for leukemia cells. OVV-BECN1 induced significant apoptosis-independent cell death either in wild-type leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines or caspase-3 shRNA leukemia cell lines, and had a superior antitumor activity compared to the parent OVV. Autophagic cell death induced by OVV-BECN1 was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo experiments. Finally, upregulation of SIRT-1, a member of class III histone deacetylases, by OVV-BECN1 resulted in the deacetylation of LC3 and its distribution from the nucleus toward the cytoplasm, which might contribute to induction of autophagy. Overall, our data showed a favorable therapeutic effect of the oncolytic vaccinia virus on blood cancers through oncolytic and autophagic mechanisms, and may therefore constitute a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for treating human leukemia and MM. However, further studies are warranted for its reliable clinical translation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shin HJ, Park H, Shin N, Kwon HH, Yin Y, Hwang JA, Song HJ, Kim J, Kim DW, Beom J. Pink1-Mediated Chondrocytic Mitophagy Contributes to Cartilage Degeneration in Osteoarthritis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111849. [PMID: 31684073 PMCID: PMC6912334 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage loss is a central event in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), though other than mechanical loading, the biochemical mechanisms underlying OA pathology remain poorly elucidated. We investigated the role of Pink1-mediated mitophagy in mitochondrial fission, a crucial process in OA pathogenesis. We used a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rodent model of OA, which inhibits the activity of articular chondrocytes, leading to disruption of glycolytic energy metabolism and eventual cell death. The OA rat cartilage exhibits significant induction of autophagy-related proteins LC3B and p62, similar to human osteoarthritic cartilage. Moreover, expression of Pink1 and Parkin proteins were also increased in OA. Here, we confirm that Pink1-mediated mitophagy leads to cell death in chondrocytes following MIA treatment, while deficiency in Pink1 expression was associated with decreased cartilage damage and pain behaviors in MIA-induced OA. Finally, we found that autophagy and mitophagy-related genes are highly expressed in human osteoarthritic cartilage. These results indicate that OA is a degenerative condition associated with mitophagy, and suggest that targeting the Pink1 pathway may provide a therapeutic avenue for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Hyewon Park
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Hyeok Hee Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Yuhua Yin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Ah Hwang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Hee-Jung Song
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Jaewon Beom
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Izdebska M, Hałas-Wiśniewska M, Zielińska W, Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska A, Grzanka D, Gagat M. Lidocaine induces protective autophagy in rat C6 glioma cell line. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:1099-1111. [PMID: 30569147 PMCID: PMC6365045 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most common type of brain cancer with poor prognosis. Surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main therapeutic options; however, in addition to their insufficient efficacy, they are associated with the pain experienced by patients. To relieve pain, local anesthetics, such as lidocaine can be used. In the present study, the effects of lidocaine on the C6 rat glioma cell line were investigated. An MTT assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide analysis indicated the increase in the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in response to lidocaine. Furthermore, light microscopy analysis on the ultrastructural level presented the occurrence of vacuole-like structures associated with autophagy, which was supported by the analysis of autophagy markers (microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3, acridine orange and Beclin-1). Additionally, reorganization of the cytoskeleton was observed following treatment with lidocaine, which serves an important role in the course of autophagy. To determine the nature of autophagy, an inhibitor, bafilomycin A1 was applied. This compound suppressed the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. These results demonstrated that lidocaine may induce cytoprotective autophagy and that manipulation of this process could be an alternative therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Izdebska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Hałas-Wiśniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wioletta Zielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Targeting autophagy in lymphomas: a double-edged sword? Int J Hematol 2018; 107:502-512. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-018-2414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
7
|
Fakhimahmadi A, Nazmi F, Rahmati M, Bonab NM, Hashemi M, Moosavi MA. Nucleostemin silencing induces differentiation and potentiates all-trans-retinoic acid effects in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells via autophagy. Leuk Res 2017; 63:15-21. [PMID: 29096331 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report that targeting Nucleostemin (NS), a recently discovered stem cells-enriched gene, by a specific small interference RNA (siNS), decreases the rate of proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells and induces differentiation and autophagy. In addition, NS silencing promotes the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy in NB4 cells. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin block the effect of NS targeting on differentiation, indicating a new functional link between NS and autophagy as an important regulator of differentiation in NB4 cells. The capability of NS in modulating autophagy and differentiation, alone or in combination with ATRA, may help to broaden the range of treatment options available to treat leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aila Fakhimahmadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nazmi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Moghtaran Bonab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen YF, Liu H, Luo XJ, Zhao Z, Zou ZY, Li J, Lin XJ, Liang Y. The roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy in the survival and death of leukemia cells. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 112:21-30. [PMID: 28325262 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the etiology and pathogenesis of leukemia is not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that cellular homeostasis plays an essential role in maintaining the function of HSCs because dysregulation of cellular homeostasis is one of the major factors underlying the malignant transformation of HSCs. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy, key factors regulating cellular homeostasis, are commonly observed in the human body. Autophagy can be induced by ROS through a variety of signaling pathways, and conversely inhibits ROS-induced damage to cells and tissues. ROS and autophagy coordinate to maintain cellular homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that both of ROS and autophagy play important roles in the development of leukemia and are closely involved in drug resistance in leukemia. Interference with cellular homeostasis by promoting programmed leukemia cell death via ROS and autophagy has been verified to be an efficient technique in the treatment of leukemia. However, the critical roles of ROS and autophagy in the development of leukemia are largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the roles of ROS and autophagy in the pathogenesis of leukemia, which may allow the identification of novel targets and drugs for the treatment of leukemia based on the regulation of HSCs homeostasis through ROS and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin-Jing Luo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-You Zou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; Biochemistry Department of Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Lin
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Radwan SM, Hamdy NM, Hegab HM, El-Mesallamy HO. Beclin-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α genes expression: Potential biomarkers in acute leukemia patients. Cancer Biomark 2017; 16:619-26. [PMID: 27002764 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beclin-1, an important autophagic gene, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), the master regulator of the hypoxic response, are reported in several human cancers. However, their expressions in acute leukemia haven't yet been well investigated. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the gene expression of beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3B (MAB1LC3B), the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2, and HIF-1α, as well as to evaluate the relationship between their expressions profile and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) adult patients. METHODS The study involved 30 AML patients, 25 ALL patients, and 20 controls. Gene expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). RESULTS In both AML and ALL groups, beclin-1 and MAB1LC3B expressions were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.001), while HIF-1α (p < 0.01) and Bcl-2 (p < 0.001) expressions were significantly up-regulated compared to the control group. HIF-1α fold expression was significantly negatively correlated with beclin-1 (p < 0.01). Moreover, decreased beclin-1 gene expression and increased HIF-1α gene expression were both associated with poor survival, supporting their pivotal role in the development and progression of acute leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Both Beclin-1 and HIF-1α could be considered as important biomarkers determinants of pathogenesis and survival in acute leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany M Hegab
- Department of Internal Medicine-Clinical Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Colecchia D, Rossi M, Sasdelli F, Sanzone S, Strambi A, Chiariello M. MAPK15 mediates BCR-ABL1-induced autophagy and regulates oncogene-dependent cell proliferation and tumor formation. Autophagy 2016; 11:1790-802. [PMID: 26291129 PMCID: PMC4824572 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1084454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A reciprocal translocation of the ABL1 gene to the BCR gene results in the expression of the oncogenic BCR-ABL1 fusion protein, which characterizes human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a myeloproliferative disorder considered invariably fatal until the introduction of the imatinib family of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Nonetheless, insensitivity of CML stem cells to TKI treatment and intrinsic or acquired resistance are still frequent causes for disease persistence and blastic phase progression experienced in patients after initial successful therapies. Here, we investigated a possible role for the MAPK15/ERK8 kinase in BCR-ABL1-dependent autophagy, a key process for oncogene-induced leukemogenesis. In this context, we showed the ability of MAPK15 to physically recruit the oncogene to autophagic vesicles, confirming our hypothesis of a biologically relevant role for this MAP kinase in signal transduction by this oncogene. Indeed, by modeling BCR-ABL1 signaling in HeLa cells and taking advantage of a physiologically relevant model for human CML, i.e. K562 cells, we demonstrated that BCR-ABL1-induced autophagy is mediated by MAPK15 through its ability to interact with LC3-family proteins, in a LIR-dependent manner. Interestingly, we were also able to interfere with BCR-ABL1-induced autophagy by a pharmacological approach aimed at inhibiting MAPK15, opening the possibility of acting on this kinase to affect autophagy and diseases depending on this cellular function. Indeed, to support the feasibility of this approach, we demonstrated that depletion of endogenous MAPK15 expression inhibited BCR-ABL1-dependent cell proliferation, in vitro, and tumor formation, in vivo, therefore providing a novel "druggable" link between BCR-ABL1 and human CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Colecchia
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy.,b Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica; Sede di Siena, CNR ; Siena , Italy
| | - Matteo Rossi
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy
| | - Federica Sasdelli
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy.,b Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica; Sede di Siena, CNR ; Siena , Italy
| | - Sveva Sanzone
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy
| | - Angela Strambi
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy
| | - Mario Chiariello
- a Istituto Toscano Tumori-Core Research Laboratory; Signal Transduction Unit, AOU Senese ; Siena Italy.,b Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica; Sede di Siena, CNR ; Siena , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chiu CF, Weng JR, Jadhav A, Wu CY, Sargeant AM, Bai LY. T315 Decreases Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Viability through a Combination of Apoptosis Induction and Autophagic Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081337. [PMID: 27537872 PMCID: PMC5000734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T315, an integrin-linked kinase (ILK) inhibitor, has been shown to suppress the proliferation of breast cancer, stomach cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Here we demonstrate that T315 decreases cell viability of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines (HL-60 and THP-1) and primary leukemia cells from AML patients in a dose-responsive manner. Normal human bone marrow cells are less sensitive than leukemia cells to T315. T315 down regulates protein kinase B (Akt) and p-Akt and induces caspase activation, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage, apoptosis and autophagy through an ILK-independent manner. Interestingly, pretreatment with autophagy inhibitors rescues cells from apoptosis and concomitant PARP cleavage, which implicates a key role of autophagic cell death in T315-mediated cytotoxicity. T315 also demonstrates efficacy in vivo, suppressing the growth of THP-1 xenograft tumors in athymic nude mice when administered intraperitoneally. This study shows that autophagic cell death and apoptosis cooperatively contribute to the anticancer activity of T315 in AML cells. In conclusion, the complementary roles of apoptotic and autophagic cell death should be considered in the future assessment of the translational value of T315 in AML therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Fang Chiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Appaso Jadhav
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Chia-Yung Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Aaron M Sargeant
- Charles River Laboratories, Preclinical Services, Spencerville, OH 45887, USA.
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheong JW, Kim Y, Eom JI, Jeung HK, Min YH. Enhanced autophagy in cytarabine arabinoside-resistant U937 leukemia cells and its potential as a target for overcoming resistance. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3433-40. [PMID: 26935591 PMCID: PMC4805098 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation mechanism that is essential for cell survival, differentiation, development, and homeostasis. Autophagy protects cells from various stresses, including protecting normal cells from harmful metabolic conditions, and cancer cells from chemotherapeutics. In the current study, a cytarabine arabinoside (Ara-C)-sensitive U937 leukemia cell line and an Ara-C-resistant U937 (U937/AR) cell line were assessed for baseline autophagy activity by investigating the LC3-I conversion to LC3-II, performing EGFP-LC3 puncta, an acidic autophagolysosome assay, and measuring the expression of various autophagy-related genes. The results demonstrated significantly higher autophagic activity in the U937/AR cells compared with the U937 cells, when the cells were cultured with or without serum. Furthermore, an increase in the autophagic activity in starved U937/AR cells was demonstrated, compared with that in the starved U937 cells. Administration of an autophagy inhibitor demonstrated no change in cell death in the two cell lines when cultured with serum, however, it induced cell death regardless of the Ara-C sensitivity when the cell lines were cultured without serum. In addition, the U937 cells demonstrated an Ara-C resistance when cultured without serum. Co-treatment with Ara-C and the autophagy inhibitor significantly induced cell death in the U937/AR and Ara-C-sensitive U937 cells. In conclusion, autophagy serves an important role in protecting U937 cells from Ara-C and in the development of Ara-C resistance. Inhibition of autophagy combined with the Ara-C treatment in the U937 cells augmented the anti-leukemic effect of Ara-C and overcame Ara-C resistance, suggesting that autophagy may be an important therapeutic target to further improve the treatment outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June-Won Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yundeok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju In Eom
- Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi-Kyung Jeung
- Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hong Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Engür S, Dikmen M, Öztürk Y. Comparison of antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of a novel proteasome inhibitor MLN2238 with bortezomib on K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 38:87-97. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1122616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
14
|
Bologna C, Buonincontri R, Serra S, Vaisitti T, Audrito V, Brusa D, Pagnani A, Coscia M, D'Arena G, Mereu E, Piva R, Furman RR, Rossi D, Gaidano G, Terhorst C, Deaglio S. SLAMF1 regulation of chemotaxis and autophagy determines CLL patient response. J Clin Invest 2015; 126:181-94. [PMID: 26619119 DOI: 10.1172/jci83013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a variable disease; therefore, markers to identify aggressive forms are essential for patient management. Here, we have shown that expression of the costimulatory molecule and microbial sensor SLAMF1 (also known as CD150) is lost in a subset of patients with an aggressive CLL that associates with a shorter time to first treatment and reduced overall survival. SLAMF1 silencing in CLL-like Mec-1 cells, which constitutively express SLAMF1, modulated pathways related to cell migration, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular vesicle formation and recirculation. SLAMF1 deficiency associated with increased expression of CXCR4, CD38, and CD44, thereby positively affecting chemotactic responses to CXCL12. SLAMF1 ligation with an agonistic monoclonal antibody increased ROS accumulation and induced phosphorylation of p38, JNK1/2, and BCL2, thereby promoting the autophagic flux. Beclin1 dissociated from BCL2 in response to SLAMF1 ligation, resulting in formation of the autophagy macrocomplex, which contains SLAMF1, beclin1, and the enzyme VPS34. Accordingly, SLAMF1-silenced cells or SLAMF1(lo) primary CLL cells were resistant to autophagy-activating therapeutic agents, such as fludarabine and the BCL2 homology domain 3 mimetic ABT-737. Together, these results indicate that loss of SLAMF1 expression in CLL modulates genetic pathways that regulate chemotaxis and autophagy and that potentially affect drug responses, and suggest that these effects underlie unfavorable clinical outcome experienced by SLAMF1(lo) patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Autophagy
- Cell Movement
- Chemotaxis
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- MAP Kinase Kinase 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1
Collapse
|
15
|
Vilimanovich U, Bosnjak M, Bogdanovic A, Markovic I, Isakovic A, Kravic-Stevovic T, Mircic A, Trajkovic V, Bumbasirevic V. Statin-mediated inhibition of cholesterol synthesis induces cytoprotective autophagy in human leukemic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:415-28. [PMID: 26358205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Statins exhibit anti-leukemic properties due to suppression of the mevalonate pathway by the inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and subsequent depletion of cholesterol, farnesylpyrophosphate, and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate. We investigated the role of autophagy, a controlled intracellular self-digestion, in the anti-leukemic action of statins. Treatment with low concentrations (≤6 µM) of statins, cholesterol depletion, and specific inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and protein farnesylation or geranylgeranylation, all inhibited proliferation of leukemic cell lines and primary leukemic cells without inducing overt cell death. Statins and agents that selectively reduce intracellular cholesterol levels, but not the inhibition of protein farnesylation or geranylgeranylation, induced autophagy in leukemic cells. The observed autophagic response was associated with the reduction of phosphorylated Akt levels in the lipid rafts, accompanied by a decrease in the activation of the main autophagy suppressor mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its substrate ribosomal p70S6 kinase (p70S6K). No significant autophagy induction and downregulation of mTOR/p70S6K activation were observed in normal leukocytes. Autophagy suppression by bafilomycin A1 or RNA interference-mediated knockdown of beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B induced apoptotic death in statin-treated leukemic cells, an effect attenuated by the addition of mevalonate or squalene, but not farnesylpyrophosphate or geranylgeranylpyrophosphate. Therefore, while the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, protein farnesylation, and geranylgeranylation all contributed to anti-leukemic effects of statins, the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis was solely responsible for the induction of cytoprotective autophagy. These data indicate that combined treatment with statins and autophagy inhibitors might be potentially useful in anti-leukemic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urosh Vilimanovich
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrija Bogdanovic
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivanka Markovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isakovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mircic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Bumbasirevic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kristensen L, Kristensen T, Abildgaard N, Thomassen M, Frederiksen M, Mourits-Andersen T, Møller MB. High expression of PI3K core complex genes is associated with poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2015; 39:555-60. [PMID: 25840748 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia among adults in the Western world. Autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotic cells. In CLL autophagy is involved in mediating the effect of chemotherapy but the role of autophagy in CLL pathogenesis remains unknown. In the present study, we used real-time RT-PCR to analyze expression of the PIK3C3, PIK3R4, and BECN1 genes. These genes encode the components of the PI3K core complex, which is central to initiation of autophagy. A consecutive series of 149 well-characterized CLL cases from Region of Southern Denmark were included in the study. All three genes were observed to be independent markers of prognosis in CLL with high expression being associated with more aggressive disease. With this clear association with outcome in CLL, these genes thereby represent promising candidates for future functional studies on the role of autophagy in CLL, and they may further represent targets of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Abildgaard
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Palmeira dos Santos C, Pereira GJS, Barbosa CMV, Jurkiewicz A, Smaili SS, Bincoletto C. Comparative study of autophagy inhibition by 3MA and CQ on Cytarabine‑induced death of leukaemia cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:909-20. [PMID: 24659340 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the molecular mechanisms of Cytarabine,one of the most important drugs used in the leukaemia’s treatment, are only partially understood and the role of autophagy on leukaemia development and treatment is only recently being investigated, in this study, by using Chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3MA) as autophagy inhibitors, we aim to evaluate the contribution of an autophagic mechanism to Cytarabine (AraC)-induced death of HL60 leukaemia cells. METHODS Trypan blue exclusion and AnnexinV/PI assays were used to evaluate HL60 cell death under AraC treatment in the presence or absence of 3MA and CQ. Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments were performed to show the involvement of apoptosis and autophagy protein expressions. Phenotypic characterization of HL60-treated cells was performed by using immunophenotyping. Clonogenic assays were applied to analyse clonal function of HL60-treated cells. RESULTS We observed that although autophagy inhibition by 3MA, but not CQ, increased the death of HL60 AraC cells after 24 h of treatment, no significant differences between AraC and AraC + 3MA-treated groups were observed by using clonogenic assay. In addition, increased number of immature (CD34(+)/CD38(−)Lin(−/low)) HL60 cells was found in AraC and AraC-3MA groups when compared with control untreated cells. CONCLUSIONS Although AraC anti-leukaemia effects could be potentiated by 3MA autophagy inhibition after 24 h of exposure, leukaemia cell resistance, the main causes of treatment failure, is also promoted by autophagy initial stage impairment by 3MA, denoting the complex role of autophagy in leukaemia cells’ response to chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bai LY, Weng JR, Chiu CF, Wu CY, Yeh SP, Sargeant AM, Lin PH, Liao YM. OSU-A9, an indole-3-carbinol derivative, induces cytotoxicity in acute myeloid leukemia through reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1430-40. [PMID: 24041743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a broadly targeted phytochemical shown to prevent carcinogenesis in animal studies and to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells of human breast, colon, prostate, and endometrium. Here we demonstrate that OSU-A9, an I3C derivative with improved anticancer potency, induces cytotoxicity in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines (HL-60 and THP-1) and primary leukemia cells from AML patients in a dose-responsive manner. Normal human bone marrow cells were less sensitive to OSU-A9 than leukemia cells. OSU-A9 induces caspase activation, PARP cleavage, and autophagy but not autophagic cell death. Interestingly, pretreatment of AML cell lines and primary AML cells with N-acetylcysteine or glutathione rescues them from apoptosis (and concomitant PARP cleavage) and Akt hypophosphorylation, implicating a key role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in OSU-A9-related cytotoxicity. Importantly, the anticancer utility of OSU-A9 is extended in vivo as it, administered intraperitoneally, suppresses the growth of THP-1 xenograft tumors in athymic nude mice without obvious toxicity. This study shows that ROS-mediated apoptosis contributes to the anticancer activity of OSU-A9 in AML cell lines and primary AML cells, and thus should be considered in the future assessment of its translational value in AML therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 2, Yude road, Taichung 40402 Taiwan; College of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih road, Taichung 40402 Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
The role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in lymphoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 87:306-22. [PMID: 23541070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) maintains the integrity of cellular processes by controlling protein degradation pathways. The role of the UPS in proliferation, cell cycle, differentiation, DNA repair, protein folding, and apoptosis is well documented, and a wide range of protein activities in these signaling pathways can be manipulated by UPS inhibitors, which include many anti-cancer agents. Naturally occurring and synthetic drugs designed to target the UPS are currently used for hematological cancers, including lymphoma. These drugs largely interfere with the E1 and E2 regions of the 26S proteasome, blocking proteasomal activity and promoting apoptosis by enhancing activities of the extrinsic (death receptors, Trail, Fas) and intrinsic (caspases, Bax, Bcl2, p53, nuclear factor-kappa B, p27) cell death programs. This review focuses on recent clinical developments concerning UPS inhibitors, signaling pathways that are affected by down-regulation of UPS activities, and apoptotic mechanisms promoted by drugs in this class that are used to treat lymphoma.
Collapse
|