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Du XX, Todorov P, Isachenko E, Sanchez R, Uribe P, Rahimi G, Mallmann P, Isachenko V. Model of micro-metastases of breast cancer cells in ovarian tissue: Cryopreservation of ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231 cells with increased speed of warming increases malignancy. Cryobiology 2024; 116:104910. [PMID: 38777075 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In medicine, ovarian tissue cryopreservation exists for fertility preservation of cancer patients. In fact, ovarian tissue frozen for subsequent thawing and re-transplantation can be contaminated with cancer cells. Therefore, investigations on the effect of cryopreservation on the post-thawed viability of such cells are relevant. Speed of warming is a key parameter of cell cryopreservation. However, the data about comparative viability of cancer cells cryopreserved with different parameters of warming are limited. The aim of our investigations was to assess the malignancy of cryopreserved cancer cells after conventional cooling followed by relatively slow and quick speed of warming. In vitro cultured breast cancer cells of lines ZR-75-1 and MD0MD-231 in form of compacted fragments (as a model of solid tumors) were frozen following a protocol usually used for freezing of ovarian tissue (6 % ethylene glycol+6 % glycerol+0.15 M sucrose, -0.3 °C/min). Cells were warmed by two routine regimes of warming: at 37 °C ("slow" warming) and 100 °C ("quick" warming). Biological properties of cells were investigated: viability, proliferation rate, 2D- and 3D-migration, transmembrane movement and invasion. Quick warming at 100 °C in comparison with slow warming at 37 °C exhibited significantly higher cell survival for MDA-MB-231 cells: 70.1 % vs. 63.2 % and for ZR-75-1 86.8 % vs. 82.9 %, respectively. The cell motility including 2D movement and 3D transmembrane migration were higher after quick thawing at 100 °C. Invasive abilities of cells after cryopreservation were higher than that of fresh (non-treated cells). Both thawing regimes showed a similar rate of cell proliferation. Cryopreservation procedures, and especially this one with quick thawing, increase malignancy of ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and risk of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Du
- Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, IVF-Laboratory and Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Plamen Todorov
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Evgenia Isachenko
- Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, IVF-Laboratory and Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Raul Sanchez
- Temuco University de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Pamela Uribe
- Temuco University de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Gohar Rahimi
- Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, IVF-Laboratory and Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum AMEDES für IVF- und Pränatalmedizin in Köln GmbH, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Peter Mallmann
- Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, IVF-Laboratory and Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Volodimir Isachenko
- Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, IVF-Laboratory and Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Oktay K, Marin L, Bedoschi G, Pacheco F, Sugishita Y, Kawahara T, Taylan E, Acosta C, Bang H. Ovarian transplantation with robotic surgery and a neovascularizing human extracellular matrix scaffold: a case series in comparison to meta-analytic data. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:181-192. [PMID: 34801235 PMCID: PMC8863399 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report our experience with robot-assisted (RA) autologous cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation (ACOTT) with the use of a neovascularizing extracellular matrix scaffold. DESIGN Case series with meta-analytic update. SETTING Academic. PATIENT(S) Seven recipients of RA-ACOTT. INTERVENTION(S) Before or shortly after initiating chemotherapy, ovarian tissue was cryopreserved from 7 women, who then underwent RA-ACOTT 9.9 ± 1.8 years (range, 7-12 years) later. Perioperatively, they received transdermal estrogen and low-dose aspirin to enhance graft vascularization. Ovarian cortical pieces were thawed and sutured on an extracellular matrix scaffold, which was then robotically anastomosed to the bivalved remaining ovary in 6 cases and retroperitoneally (heterotopic) to the lower abdomen in 1 case. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Ovarian function return, the number of oocytes/embryos, aneuploidy %, live births, and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Graft longevity was compared with the mean from the meta-analytic data. RESULT(S) Ovarian function returned 13.9 ± 2.7 weeks (11-16.2 weeks) after ACOTT, and oocytes were retrieved in all cases with 12.3 ± 6.9 embryos generated. In contrast to orthotopic, the heterotopic ACOTT demonstrated low embryo quality and an 80% aneuploidy rate. A recipient did not attempt to conceive and 2 needed a surrogate, whereas 4 of 4 delivered 6 healthy children, compared with 115 of 460 (25% pregnancy rate) from the meta-analytic data (n = 79). The mean graft longevity (43.2 ± 23.6/47.4 ± 22.8 months with/without sensitivity analysis) trended longer than the meta-analytic mean (29.4 ± 22.7), even after matching age at cryopreservation. CONCLUSION(S) In this series, RA-ACOTT resulted in extended graft longevity, with ovarian functions restored in all cases, even when the tissues were cryopreserved after chemotherapy exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutluk Oktay
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA,Innovation Institute for Fertility Preservation, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Loris Marin
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA,Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, Padua, PD 35100, Italy
| | - Giuliano Bedoschi
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA,Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pacheco
- Innovation Institute for Fertility Preservation, New York, NY 10028, USA,Classiclínica, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90000-000, Brazil
| | - Yodo Sugishita
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA,St Marianna University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tai Kawahara
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA,St Marianna University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Enes Taylan
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carlo Acosta
- Innovation Institute for Fertility Preservation, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Heejung Bang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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High cryo-resistance of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Increased risk of re-contamination at transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue after COVID-19 pandemic. Cryobiology 2021; 103:1-6. [PMID: 34571024 PMCID: PMC8463116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation and re-transplantation of ovarian tissue after anticancer treatment is important medical technology. Today, during a pandemic, the risk of contamination of transplanted cells with SARS-CoV-2 virus is extremely high. Data about cryo-resistance (virulence and/or infectivity) of SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Analysis and systematization of literature data allow us to draw the following conclusions: 1) The cytoplasmic membrane of somatic cell, like envelope of corona viruses, consists of lipid bilayer and this membrane, like envelope of corona virus, contains membrane proteins. Thus, we can consider the cytoplasmic membrane of an ordinary somatic cell as a model of the envelope membrane of SARS-CoV-2. It is expected that the response of the virus to cryopreservation is similar to that of a somatic cell. SARS-CoV-2 is more poor-water and more protein-rich than somatic cell, and this virus is much more cryo-resistant. 2) The exposure of somatic cells at low positive temperatures increases a viability of these cells. The safety of the virus is also in direct proportion to the decrease in temperature: the positive effect of low temperatures on SARS-CoV-2 virus has been experimentally proven. 3) Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 to cryoprotectant-free cryopreservation is extremely high. The high viability rate of SARS-CoV-2 after freezing-drying confirms its high cryo-resistance. 4) The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissues that have been contaminated with this virus, increases significantly. Our own experimental data on the increase in the viability of cancer cells after cryopreservation allow us to formulate a hypothesis about increasing of viability (virulence and/or infectivity) of SARS-CoV-2 virus after cryopreservation.
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Peng LF. Ovarian tissue freezing and activation after thawing: an update. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-021-00056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
With the growth of women’s age, ovarian failure can be caused by various factors. For the women who need chemotherapy because of cancer factors, the preservation of fertility is more urgent. The treatment of cancer is also a process in which all tissues and organs of the body are severely damaged, especially in the reproductive system.
Main body
As a new fertility preservation technology, autologous ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is developing rapidly and showing great potentiality in preserving ovarian endocrine function of young cervical cancer patients. Vitrification and slow freezing are two common techniques applied for ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Thus, cryopreserved/thawed ovarian tissue and transplantation act as an important method to preserve ovarian function during radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and ovarian cryopreservation by vitrification is a very effective and extensively used method to cryopreserve ovaries. The morphology of oocytes and granulosa cells and the structure of organelles were observed under the microscope of histology; the hormone content in the stratified culture medium of granulosa cells with the diameter of follicle was used to evaluate the development potential of ovarian tissue, and finally the ovarian tissue stimulation was determined by the technique of ovarian tissue transplantation.
Conclusions
Although there are some limitations, the team members still carry out this review to provide some references and suggestions for clinical decision-making and further clinical research.
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Chen J, Todorov P, Isachenko E, Rahimi G, Mallmann P, Isachenko V. Construction and cryopreservation of an artificial ovary in cancer patients as an element of cancer therapy and a promising approach to fertility restoration. HUM FERTIL 2021; 25:651-661. [PMID: 33648431 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.1885756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of cancer patients that survive is increasing because of improvements in cancer therapy. However, some cancer treatments, such as chemo- and radio-therapies, can cause considerable damage to reproductive function. The issue of fertility is paramount for women of childbearing age once they are cured from cancer. For those patients with prepubertal or haematogenous cancer, the possibilities of conventional fertility treatments, such as oocyte or embryo cryopreservation and transplantation, are limited. Moreover, ovarian tissue cryopreservation as an alternative to fertility preservation has limitations, with a risk of re-implanting malignant cells in patients who have recovered from potentially fatal malignant disease. One possible way to restore fertility in these patients is to mimic artificially the function of the natural organ, the ovary, by grafting isolated follicles embedded in a biological scaffold to their native environment. Construction and cryopreservation of an artificial ovary might offer a safer alternative option to restore fertility for those who cannot benefit from traditional fertility preservation techniques. This review considers the protocols for constructing an artificial ovary, summarises advances in the field with potential clinical application, and discusses future trends for cryopreservation of these artificial constructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Plamen Todorov
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgenia Isachenko
- University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gohar Rahimi
- University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Mallmann
- University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vladimir Isachenko
- University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
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New method of FACS analyzing and sorting of intact whole ovarian fragments (COPAS) after long time (24 h) cooling to 5 °C before cryopreservation. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 22:487-498. [PMID: 33486657 PMCID: PMC8426248 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As recently announced by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), human ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an established option for fertility preservation in prepubertal girls and young women undergoing gonadotoxic treatments for cancer as well as some autoimmune diseases. Proper ovarian tissue assessment before and after cryopreservation is essential to increase success rates. Ovarian fragments from 16 patients were divided into small pieces in form of cortex with medulla, and randomly divided into the following two groups. Pieces of Group 1 (n = 16) were frozen immediately after operation, thawed and just after thawing their quality was analyzed. Group 2 pieces (n = 16) after operation were cooled to 5 °C for 24 h, then frozen after 24 h pre-cooling to 5 °C, thawed and just after thawing their quality was analyzed. The effectiveness of the pre-freezing cooling of tissue was evaluated by the development and viability of follicles (Calcein-AM and Propidium Iodide) using complex object parametric analyzer and sorter machine (COPAS). Positive effect of cooling of cells to low supra-zero temperatures on their future development after re-warming has been observed. New flow cytometry- technique is suitable for the evaluation and sorting of cryopreserved whole human whole intact ovarian fragments. Long time (24 h) cooling of ovarian tissue to 5 °C before cryopreservation has a trend of a cell viability increasing.
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Isachenko V, Morgenstern B, Todorov P, Isachenko E, Mallmann P, Hanstein B, Rahimi G. Patient with ovarian insufficiency: baby born after anticancer therapy and re-transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:118. [PMID: 32993734 PMCID: PMC7526427 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The second major cause of death is cancer. In fact, the effectiveness of anticancer treatments and positive long-term prognosis for young women has increased. However, the problem of post-cancer infertility plays a significant role, because chemotherapy can be gonadotoxic and lead to the functional death of ovaries. There is potential key solution to this problem: cryopreservation of ovarian tissue before cancer therapy with re-implantation after convalescence. Data regarding cryopreservation and re-transplantation of ovarian tissue from patients with ovarian insufficiency is limited. The aim of this treatment was the re-transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue after anticancer therapy of patient with ovarian insufficiency (56 IU/l FSH, 8 ng/l β-estradiol, < 1.1 ng/ml anti-Mullerian hormone, 1 primary follicle per 10mm3). Case presentation After the operation, four tissue fragments (10–16 × 8–13 × 1.0–1.2 mm) were cooled to 5 °C in the freezing medium (culture medium+ 6% ethylene glycol+ 6% dimethyl sulfoxide+ 0.15 M sucrose) for 24 h, frozen and thawed. Freezing was performed in four standard 5 ml cryo-vials with ice formation at − 9 °C, cooling from − 9 to − 34 °C at a rate of − 0.3 °C/min and plunging at − 34 °C into liquid nitrogen. After thawing in a 100 °C (boiling) water bath, the removal of cryoprotectants was performed in 0.5 M sucrose with 20 min. exposure in sucrose and 30 min. stepping rehydration. After thawing of one cryo-vial, part (5 mm3) of experimental ovarian tissue after 7 day in vitro culture was histological evaluated and two ovarian fragments (8 × 7 × 1.0 mm and 7 × 6 × 1.0 mm) were re-transplanted. The quantity of follicles after cryopreservation and in vitro culture was not increased (P > 0.1): it was found 1 primordial follicle in 5 mm3 of tissue. Thirty seven days after the re-transplantation of ovarian tissue, the restoration of the menstrual cycle of Patient W. was noted. Three months after the transplantation, the patient became spontaneously pregnant and delivered a healthy baby girl at term. Conclusions Described protocol of conventional cryopreservation of ovarian tissue can be used for treatment of patients with ovarian insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Isachenko
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Plamen Todorov
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgenia Isachenko
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Mallmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bettina Hanstein
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gohar Rahimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, University Maternal Hospital, Research Group for Reproductive Medicine and IVF-Laboratory, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
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