1
|
Kumari N, Saini S, Thakur S, Sharma S, Punetha M, Kumar P, Sango C, Sharma RK, Datta TK, Yadav PS, Kumar D. Enhancing the quality of inferior oocytes of buffalo for in vitro embryo production: The impact of melatonin on maturation, SCNT, and epigenetic modifications. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102480. [PMID: 39029316 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Success of animal cloning is limited by oocyte quality, which is closely linked to reprogramming ability. The number of layers of cumulus cells is typically used to assess the quality of oocyte; a minimum of one-third of collected cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are discarded as inferior oocytes because they have less cumulus cells. Melatonin, which has been recognised for its ability to sequester free radicals and perform multiple functions, has emerged as a potentially effective candidate for enhancing inferior oocytes quality and, consequently, embryo development competency. The current study investigates to improve the quality of inferior oocytes by supplementation of melatonin (10-9 M) during in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequent cloned embryo production and its mechanism. The results indicate that melatonin supplementation significantly (p<0.05) enhances inferior oocytes maturation, reduces oxidative stress by reducing ROS levels, and improves mitochondrial function by boosting GSH levels. The melatonin treatment (10-9 M) enhances the expression of SOD, GPx1, GDF 9, BMP 15, ATPase 6, and ATPase 8 in inferior oocytes. Furthermore, melatonin treatment increases the total cell number in the treated groups, promoting cloned blastocyst formation rates derived from inferior oocytes. Furthermore, compared to the control, 10-9 M melatonin supplementation enhances H3K9ac acetylation and lowers H3K27me3 methylation in cloned blastocysts derived from inferior oocytes. In conclusion, 10-9 M melatonin supplementation during IVM increased inferior oocyte maturation and promoted cloned buffalo embryo development by lowering oxidative stress and promoting epigenetic alterations. These studies show that melatonin may improve the quality of poor oocytes and buffalo cloning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Kumari
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India; Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Swati Thakur
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Surabhi Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Chakarvati Sango
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - R K Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - T K Datta
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fernandes DP, Praxedes ÉA, da Silva Viana JV, de Oliveira Santos MV, Silva AR, Freitas CIA, Pereira AF. Long-term preservation of established fibroblast lines from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcintus, Linnaeus, 1758) by extended passage and cryopreservation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:266-277. [PMID: 38424379 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00871-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Establishing new somatic cell cultures has raised significant attention as an effective and convenient way to preserve genetic samples for different applications. Although many lines have been established in model animals, none derived from six-banded armadillo species is currently available. We report the successful isolation and characterization of fibroblasts from six-banded armadillos, evaluating the cell quality after extended culture and cryopreservation. Initially, we collected ear skin from five captive adult individuals and identified fibroblast lines by morphology, karyotyping, and immunophenotyping assays. The isolated fibroblasts were evaluated after several passages (fourth, seventh, and tenth passages) and cryopreservation by slow freezing. Cell morphology, viability, metabolism, proliferative activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis levels were analyzed. The skin explants had great adhesion, and cell outgrowth could be seen after 3-6 d. The cells were verified as fibroblasts at the fourth passage by vimentin expression and normal karyotype (2n = 58). The viability remained high (> 87%) and constant from the fourth to the tenth passage (p > 0.05). The passages did not change the cell morphology and metabolic and growth rates. Moreover, cryopreservation did not affect most evaluated parameters; post-thawed cells maintained their viability, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis levels. Nevertheless, cryopreservation increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and cell population doubling time compared to non-cryopreserved cells (p < 0.05). In summary, viable fibroblasts can be obtained from six-banded armadillo skin while conserving their quality as the number of passages increases and featuring few changes after cryopreservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denilsa Pires Fernandes
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Érika Almeida Praxedes
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Rodrigues Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos Iberê Alves Freitas
- Laboratory of Studies in Immunology and Wild Animals, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yadav PS, Kumar D, Saini M, Sharma RK, Dua S, Selokar NL, Bansal S, Punetha M, Gupta A, Kumar R, Kumar P. Evaluation of postnatal growth, hematology, telomere length and semen attributes of multiple clones and re-clone of superior buffalo breeding bulls. Theriogenology 2024; 213:24-33. [PMID: 37793222 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study comprehensively evaluates the postnatal growth, hematology, telomere length, and semen attributes of multiple clones and re-clone derived from superior buffalo breeding bulls. To the best of our knowledge, we successfully produced multiple clones and a re-clone of an earlier cloned buffalo bull from an embryo developed from an adult bull's skin-derived cell for the first time. The cloned bulls' growth, blood hematology, plasma biochemistry, and telomere length were all shown to be normal at various stages of development. The bulls were used for semen production after being screened for testicular growth and training. Semen characteristics such as volume, concentration, and initial motility of fresh sperm as well as motility and kinetics characteristics such as straightness (STR), average lateral head displacement (ALH), and beat cross frequency (BCF) of frozen-thawed sperms of the cloned bulls were found to be similar to those of non-cloned bulls, including the donor bulls. Additionally, it was found that cloned bulls' functional sperm attributes, including acrosome intactness, mitochondrial membrane potential, and superoxide anion status, were comparable to those of non-cloned bulls. These characteristics are necessary for sperm to pass through the female reproductive system, penetrate the oocyte, and efficiently fertilize. Finally, this study adds to our understanding of the postnatal development, hematology, telomere length, and sperm characteristics of superior buffalo breeding bulls that have been cloned and re-cloned. The findings provide the groundwork for improving cloning practices, refining reproductive procedures, and optimizing the use of cloned genetic material in animal breeding and conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Monika Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - R K Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Seema Dua
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Sonu Bansal
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Akanksha Gupta
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharma M, Punetha M, Saini S, Chaudhary S, Jinagal S, Thakur S, Kumar P, Kumar R, Sharma RK, Yadav PS, Kumar D. Mito-Q supplementation of in vitro maturation or in vitro culture medium improves maturation of buffalo oocytes and developmental competence of cloned embryos by reducing ROS production. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 260:107382. [PMID: 38035499 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mito-Q is a well-known mitochondria-specific superoxide scavenger. To our knowledge, the effect of Mito-Q on buffalo oocyte maturation and developmental competency of cloned embryos has not been examined. To investigate the effects of Mito-Q on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of buffalo oocytes and the developmental competence of cloned embryos, different concentration of Mito-Q were supplemented with IVM (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2 μM) and in vitro culture (IVC) medium (0, 0.1 μM). Supplementation of IVM medium with 0.1 μM Mito-Q significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased the cumulus expansion, nuclear maturation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and antioxidants genes (GPX1 and SOD2) expression and effectively reduced ROS production leading to a significant improvement in the maturation rate of buffalo oocytes. Further, the supplementation of 0.1 μM Mito-Q in IVC medium promotes the cleavage and blastocyst rate significantly over the control. Mito-Q supplementation improves (P ≤ 0.05) MMP, antioxidant gene (GPX1) expression and reduced the ROS level and apoptosis related genes (caspase 9) expression in cloned blastocysts. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the supplementation of 0.1 μM Mito-Q in IVM and IVC media exerts a protective role against oxidative stress by reducing ROS production and improving MMP, fostering improved maturation of buffalo oocytes and enhanced developmental competence of cloned embryos. These findings contribute valuable insights into the optimization of assisted reproductive technologies protocols for buffalo breeding and potentially offer novel strategies to enhance reproductive outcomes in livestock species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India; Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Sujata Jinagal
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Swati Thakur
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - R K Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India
| | - P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, 125001 Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Punetha M, Kumar D, Saini S, Chaudhary S, Bajwa KK, Sharma S, Mangal M, Yadav PS, Green JA, Whitworth K, Datta TK. Optimising Electroporation Condition for CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Knockout in Zona-Intact Buffalo Zygotes. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:134. [PMID: 38200865 PMCID: PMC10778295 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer or cytoplasm microinjection has widely been used to produce genome-edited farm animals; however, these methods have several drawbacks which reduce their efficiency. In the present study, we describe an easy adaptable approach for the introduction of mutations using CRISPR-Cas9 electroporation of zygote (CRISPR-EP) in buffalo. The goal of the study was to determine the optimal conditions for an experimental method in which the CRISPR/Cas9 system is introduced into in vitro-produced buffalo zygotes by electroporation. Electroporation was performed using different combinations of voltage, pulse and time, and we observed that the electroporation in buffalo zygote at 20 V/mm, 5 pulses, 3 msec at 10 h post insemination (hpi) resulted in increased membrane permeability and higher knockout efficiency without altering embryonic developmental potential. Using the above parameters, we targeted buffalo POU5F1 gene as a proof of concept and found no variations in embryonic developmental competence at cleavage or blastocyst formation rate between control, POU5F1-KO, and electroporated control (EC) embryos. To elucidate the effect of POU5F1-KO on other pluripotent genes, we determined the relative expression of SOX2, NANOG, and GATA2 in the control (POU5F1 intact) and POU5F1-KO-confirmed blastocyst. POU5F1-KO significantly (p ≤ 0.05) altered the expression of SOX2, NANOG, and GATA2 in blastocyst stage embryos. In conclusion, we standardized an easy and straightforward protocol CRISPR-EP method that could be served as a useful method for studying the functional genomics of buffalo embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari Bajwa
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Surabhi Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Manu Mangal
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Prem S. Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Jonathan A. Green
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kristin Whitworth
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Tirtha K. Datta
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Punetha M, Saini S, Chaudhary S, Bala R, Sharma M, Kumar P, Kumar D, Yadav PS. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ ameliorates ROS production and improves cell viability in cryopreserved buffalo fibroblasts. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102067. [PMID: 36958101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation commonly decreases the cellular functionality and post-thaw viability of cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cryopreservation degrade mitochondrial activity and promote the release of cytochrome C which activates caspases required for apoptosis. Antioxidants have the potential to improve the recovery efficiency of cells by reducing ROS production and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The present study was conducted to explore the role of MitoQ, a derivative of coenzyme Q10 on cryopreserved fibroblasts derived from buffalo skin. To achieve our goal, buffalo skin fibroblasts were treated with varying concentrations of MitoQ (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 10 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 h. The MMP, ROS generation, cell viability was measured by flow cytometry. Furthermore, expression of genes related to mitochondrial oxidative stress (NRF2, GPX, and SOD), apoptosis (BAK and caspase 3) and cell proliferation (AKT) were also assessed. The results showed that over a period of 72 h lower concentrations of MitoQ (0.1-0.5 μM) decrease the ROS production, improves MMP and cell viability whilst the high concentration of MitoQ (2-10 μM) increased the oxidative damage to the cells. Taken together, our study provide important insights into the novel role of MitoQ in cryopreserved buffalo skin fibroblasts. In conclusion, we demonstrated the dose-dependent functional role of MitoQ on cryopreserved fibroblasts for improving post-thaw cell viability and cellular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meeti Punetha
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Renu Bala
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Maninder Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodrigues LLV, Moura YBF, Viana JVS, Praxedes ÉA, Oliveira LRM, Silva HVR, Pereira AF. Comparison between concentration and type of intracellular cryoprotectants and the presence of sucrose for cryobanks of somatic cells derived from captive Pumas. Zoo Biol 2022; 42:440-448. [PMID: 36515220 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The loss of wild biodiversity has prompted the development of cryobanks, such as those of somatic cells. This is the reality of Pumas, wild felids of ecological importance that suffer from anthropogenic actions, population decline, and subsequent loss of genetic diversity. Somatic cell banks are a strategy for conserving population diversity. We compared different concentrations and types of intracellular cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO; ethylene glycol, EG) associated with 0.2 M of sucrose (SUC) in the cryopreservation of the somatic cells of captive Pumas. The cells were cryopreserved by slow freezing with different solutions containing Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and varying concentrations of DMSO and EG in the absence or presence of SUC. The cells were analyzed for morphological characteristics, viability, proliferative activity, metabolic activity, and apoptosis levels. Cells maintained similar fusiform morphology before and after cryopreservation. There was no difference in viability, regardless of the reduction in the concentration and type of intracellular cryoprotectants and sucrose. Similarly, proliferative activity, metabolic activity, and apoptosis levels were not altered by the composition of the cryoprotectants. In summary, we demonstrate that reducing the concentration of DMSO or EG ensures adequate cryopreservation of Puma somatic cells, regardless of the presence of SUC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luanna L V Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Yasmin B F Moura
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - João V S Viana
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Érika A Praxedes
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Lhara R M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Herlon V R Silva
- Laboratory of Reproduction of Carnivorous, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceara State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra F Pereira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|