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Xu M, Hu B, Zhou W, Wang Z, Zhu L, Lin J, Wang D. The mechanism of Parkinson oscillation in the cortex: Possible evidence in a feedback model projecting from the globus pallidus to the cortex. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:6517-6550. [PMID: 37161117 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The origin, location and cause of Parkinson's oscillation are not clear at present. In this paper, we establish a new cortex-basal ganglia model to study the origin mechanism of Parkinson beta oscillation. Unlike many previous models, this model includes two direct inhibitory projections from the globus pallidus external (GPe) segment to the cortex. We first obtain the critical calculation formula of Parkinson's oscillation by using the method of Quasilinear analysis. Different from previous studies, the formula obtained in this paper can include the self-feedback connection of GPe. Then, we use the bifurcation analysis method to systematically explain the influence of some key parameters on the oscillation. We find that the bifurcation principle of different cortical nuclei is different. In general, the increase of the discharge capacity of the nuclei will cause oscillation. In some special cases, the sharp reduction of the discharge rate of the nuclei will also cause oscillation. The direction of bifurcation simulation is consistent with the critical condition curve. Finally, we discuss the characteristics of oscillation amplitude. At the beginning of the oscillation, the amplitude is relatively small; with the evolution of oscillation, the amplitude will gradually strengthen. This is consistent with the experimental phenomenon. In most cases, the amplitude of cortical inhibitory nuclei (CIN) is greater than that of cortical excitatory nuclei (CEX), and the two direct inhibitory projections feedback from GPe can significantly reduce the amplitude gap between them. We calculate the main frequency of the oscillation generated in this model, which basically falls between 13 and 30 Hz, belonging to the typical beta frequency band oscillation. Some new results obtained in this paper can help to better understand the origin mechanism of Parkinson's disease and have guiding significance for the development of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minbo Xu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Weiting Zhou
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Luyao Zhu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiahui Lin
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Dingjiang Wang
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Serrano-Reyes M, Pérez-Ortega JE, García-Vilchis B, Laville A, Ortega A, Galarraga E, Bargas J. Dimensionality reduction and recurrence analysis reveal hidden structures of striatal pathological states. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:975989. [PMID: 36741818 PMCID: PMC9893717 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.975989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A pipeline is proposed here to describe different features to study brain microcircuits on a histological scale using multi-scale analyses, including the uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) dimensional reduction technique and modularity algorithm to identify neuronal ensembles, Runs tests to show significant ensembles activation, graph theory to show trajectories between ensembles, and recurrence analyses to describe how regular or chaotic ensembles dynamics are. The data set includes ex-vivo NMDA-activated striatal tissue in control conditions as well as experimental models of disease states: decorticated, dopamine depleted, and L-DOPA-induced dyskinetic rodent samples. The goal was to separate neuronal ensembles that have correlated activity patterns. The pipeline allows for the demonstration of differences between disease states in a brain slice. First, the ensembles were projected in distinctive locations in the UMAP space. Second, graphs revealed functional connectivity between neurons comprising neuronal ensembles. Third, the Runs test detected significant peaks of coactivity within neuronal ensembles. Fourth, significant peaks of coactivity were used to show activity transitions between ensembles, revealing recurrent temporal sequences between them. Fifth, recurrence analysis shows how deterministic, chaotic, or recurrent these circuits are. We found that all revealed circuits had recurrent activity except for the decorticated circuits, which tended to be divergent and chaotic. The Parkinsonian circuits exhibit fewer transitions, becoming rigid and deterministic, exhibiting a predominant temporal sequence that disrupts transitions found in the controls, thus resembling the clinical signs of rigidity and paucity of movements. Dyskinetic circuits display a higher recurrence rate between neuronal ensembles transitions, paralleling clinical findings: enhancement in involuntary movements. These findings confirm that looking at neuronal circuits at the histological scale, recording dozens of neurons simultaneously, can show clear differences between control and diseased striatal states: "fingerprints" of the disease states. Therefore, the present analysis is coherent with previous ones of striatal disease states, showing that data obtained from the tissue are robust. At the same time, it adds heuristic ways to interpret circuitry activity in different states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Serrano-Reyes
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Biomédicos, Centro de Ingeniería Avanzada, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,Miguel Serrano-Reyes,
| | - Jesús Esteban Pérez-Ortega
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brisa García-Vilchis
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Laville
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aidán Ortega
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elvira Galarraga
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Bargas
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,*Correspondence: Jose Bargas,
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Brazhnik E, Novikov N, McCoy AJ, Ilieva NM, Ghraib MW, Walters JR. Early decreases in cortical mid-gamma peaks coincide with the onset of motor deficits and precede exaggerated beta build-up in rat models for Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 155:105393. [PMID: 34000417 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that exaggerated beta range local field potentials (LFP) in basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits constitute an important biomarker for feedback for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease patients, although the role of this phenomenon in triggering parkinsonian motor symptoms remains unclear. A useful model for probing the causal role of motor circuit LFP synchronization in motor dysfunction is the unilateral dopamine cell-lesioned rat, which shows dramatic motor deficits walking contralaterally to the lesion but can walk steadily ipsilaterally on a circular treadmill. Within hours after 6-OHDA injection, rats show marked deficits in ipsilateral walking with early loss of significant motor cortex (MCx) LFP peaks in the mid-gamma 41-45 Hz range in the lesioned hemisphere; both effects were reversed by dopamine agonist administration. Increases in MCx and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) coherence and LFP power in the 29-40 Hz range emerged more gradually over 7 days, although without further progression of walking deficits. Twice-daily chronic dopamine antagonist treatment induced rapid onset of catalepsy and also reduced MCx 41-45 Hz LFP activity at 1 h, with increases in MCx and SNpr 29-40 Hz power/coherence emerging over 7 days, as assessed during periods of walking before the morning treatments. Thus, increases in high beta power in these parkinsonian models emerge gradually and are not linearly correlated with motor deficits. Earlier changes in cortical circuits, reflected in the rapid decreases in MCx LFP mid-gamma LFP activity, may contribute to evolving plasticity supporting increased beta range synchronized activity in basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits after loss of dopamine receptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Brazhnik
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America
| | - Nikolay Novikov
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America
| | - Alex J McCoy
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America
| | - Neda M Ilieva
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America
| | - Marian W Ghraib
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America
| | - Judith R Walters
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, United States of America.
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Farokhniaee A, Lowery MM. Cortical network effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation in a thalamo-cortical microcircuit model. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abee50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Arbuthnott GW. An Introspective Approach: A Lifetime of Parkinson's Disease Research and Not Much to Show for it Yet? Cells 2021; 10:cells10030513. [PMID: 33670933 PMCID: PMC7997292 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
I feel part of a massive effort to understand what is wrong with motor systems in the brain relating to Parkinson’s disease. Today, the symptoms of the disease can be modified slightly, but dopamine neurons still die; the disease progression continues inexorably. Maybe the next research phase will bring the power of modern genetics to bear on halting, or better, preventing cell death. The arrival of accessible human neuron assemblies in organoids perhaps will provide a better access to the processes underlying neuronal demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Arbuthnott
- Brain Mechanisms for Behaviour Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Aeed F, Cermak N, Schiller J, Schiller Y. Intrinsic Disruption of the M1 Cortical Network in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1565-1577. [PMID: 33606292 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) disrupts motor performance by affecting the basal ganglia system. Yet, despite the critical position of the primary motor cortex in linking basal ganglia computations with motor performance, its contribution to motor disability in PD is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize the role of the primary motor cortex in PD-related motor disability. METHODS Two-photon calcium imaging and optogenetic stimulation of primary motor cortex neurons was done during performance of a dexterous reach-to-grasp motor task in control and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced PD mice. RESULTS Experimental PD disrupted performance of the reach-to-grasp motor task and especially initiation of the task, which was partially restored by optogenetic activation of the primary motor cortex. Two-photon calcium imaging during task performance revealed experimental-PD affected the primary motor cortex in a cell-type-specific manner. It suppressed activation of output layer 5 pyramidal tract neurons, with greater effects on freeze versus nonfreeze trials. In contrast, it did not attenuate the initial movement-related activation response of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons while diminishing the late inhibitory phase of their response. At the network level, experimental PD disrupted movement-related population dynamics of the layer 5 pyramidal tract network while almost not affecting the dynamics of the layer 2/3 neuronal population. It also disrupted short- and long-term robustness and stability of the pyramidal tract subnetwork, with reduced intertrial temporal accuracy and diminished reproducibility of motor parameter encoding and temporal recruitment of the output pyramidal tract neurons over repeated daily sessions. CONCLUSIONS Experimental PD disrupts both external driving and intrinsic properties of the primary motor cortex. Motor disability in experimental PD results primarily from the inability to generate robust and stable output motor sequences in the parkinsonian primary motor cortex output layer 5 pyramidal tract subnetwork. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Aeed
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nathan Cermak
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jackie Schiller
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Schiller
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Halje P, Brys I, Mariman JJ, da Cunha C, Fuentes R, Petersson P. Oscillations in cortico-basal ganglia circuits: implications for Parkinson’s disease and other neurologic and psychiatric conditions. J Neurophysiol 2019; 122:203-231. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00590.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortico-basal ganglia circuits are thought to play a crucial role in the selection and control of motor behaviors and have also been implicated in the processing of motivational content and in higher cognitive functions. During the last two decades, electrophysiological recordings in basal ganglia circuits have shown that several disease conditions are associated with specific changes in the temporal patterns of neuronal activity. In particular, synchronized oscillations have been a frequent finding suggesting that excessive synchronization of neuronal activity may be a pathophysiological mechanism involved in a wide range of neurologic and psychiatric conditions. We here review the experimental support for this hypothesis primarily in relation to Parkinson’s disease but also in relation to dystonia, essential tremor, epilepsy, and psychosis/schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Halje
- Group for Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurotechnology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ivani Brys
- Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Juan J. Mariman
- Research and Development Direction, Universidad Tecnológica de Chile, Inacap, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Arts and Physical Education, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio da Cunha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia do Sistema Nervoso Central, Programas de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Romulo Fuentes
- Department of Neurocience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Per Petersson
- Group for Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurotechnology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Schönfeld LM, Wojtecki L. Beyond Emotions: Oscillations of the Amygdala and Their Implications for Electrical Neuromodulation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:366. [PMID: 31057358 PMCID: PMC6482269 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is a structure involved in emotions, fear, learning and memory and is highly interconnected with other brain regions, for example the motor cortex and the basal ganglia that are often targets of treatments involving electrical stimulation. Deep brain stimulation of the basal ganglia is successfully used to treat movement disorders, but can carry along non-motor side effects. The origin of these non-motor side effects is not fully understood yet, but might be altered oscillatory communication between specific motor areas and the amygdala. Oscillations in various frequency bands have been detected in the amygdala during cognitive and emotional tasks, which can couple with oscillations in cortical regions or the hippocampus. However, data on oscillatory coupling between the amygdala and motor areas are still lacking. This review provides a summary of oscillation frequencies measured in the amygdala and their possible functional relevance in different species, followed by evidence for connectivity between the amygdala and motor areas, such as the basal ganglia and the motor cortex. We hypothesize that the amygdala could communicate with motor areas through coherence of low frequency bands in the theta-alpha range. Furthermore, we discuss a potential role of the amygdala in therapeutic approaches based on electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Schönfeld
- Comparative Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lars Wojtecki
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Hospital zum Heiligen Geist, Kempen, Germany
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Aparicio-Juárez A, Duhne M, Lara-González E, Ávila-Cascajares F, Calderón V, Galarraga E, Bargas J. Cortical stimulation relieves parkinsonian pathological activity in vitro. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 49:834-848. [PMID: 29250861 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that chemical excitatory drives such as N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) are capable of activating the striatal microcircuit exhibiting neuronal ensembles that alternate their activity producing temporal sequences. One aim of this work was to demonstrate whether similar activity could be evoked by delivering cortical stimulation. Dynamic calcium imaging allowed us to follow the activity of dozens of neurons with single-cell resolution in mus musculus brain slices. A train of electrical stimuli in the cortex evoked network activity similar to the one induced by bath application of NMDA. Previously, we have also shown that the dopamine-depleted striatal microcircuit increases its spontaneous activity generating dominant recurrent ensembles that interrupt the temporal sequences found in control microcircuits. This activity correlates with parkinsonian pathological activity. Several cortical stimulation protocols such as transcranial magnetic stimulation reduce motor signs of Parkinsonism. Here, we show that cortical stimulation in vitro temporarily eliminates the pathological activity from the dopamine-depleted striatal microcircuit by turning off some neurons that sustain this activity and recruiting new ones that allow transitions between network states, similar to the control circuit. When cortical stimulation is given in the presence of L-DOPA, parkinsonian activity is eliminated during the whole recording period. The present experimental evidence suggests that cortical stimulation such as that generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation, or otherwise, may allow reduce L-DOPA dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Aparicio-Juárez
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Mariana Duhne
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Esther Lara-González
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Fátima Ávila-Cascajares
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Vladimir Calderón
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Elvira Galarraga
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - José Bargas
- División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 70-253, CDMX, Mexico City, 04510, México
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