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VanLandingham HB, Ellison RL, Turchmanovych-Hienkel N, Alfonso D, Oh A, Kaseda ET, Basurto K, Tse PKY, Khan H. Neuropsychological assessment, intervention, and best practices for women with non-Central nervous system cancer: A scoping review of current standards. Clin Neuropsychol 2024:1-32. [PMID: 38641949 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2024.2343147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Existing literature has sought to characterize the broad cognitive impact of non-central nervous system cancer and its treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and hormonal regulation. However, despite the frequency of women that are diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancer, there is limited research on the specific cognitive experiences of women undergoing cancer treatment. Presently, the current literature lacks concise guidance for neuropsychologists to support the cognitive health of women facing cancer, despite the acknowledged impact of cancer interventions and chronic illness on cognitive outcomes. Method: Applying scoping review criteria outlined by Peters et al. (2015) and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive examination of literature spanning multiple databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, PsychINFO) with a focus on the cognitive impact of cancer treatment on women. Conclusions: Women are subject to unique treatment-related outcomes due to the impact of hormonal alterations, differences in metabolization of certain chemotherapies, and psychosocial risk factors. Despite the known impact of cancer intervention, chronic illness, and cancer-related sequelae on cognitive outcomes, the current literature does not parsimoniously outline best practices for neuropsychologists to promote the health of women experiencing cancer. The current paper (1) provides an overview of the cognitive implications of cancer treatment with an intentional focus on cancers that are more prevalent in women versus men, (2) addresses the characteristics of this impact for women undergoing cancer intervention(s), and (3) provides possible intervention and treatment strategies for mental health providers and neuropsychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah B VanLandingham
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachael L Ellison
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Demy Alfonso
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Alison Oh
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin T Kaseda
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Basurto
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Phoebe K Y Tse
- Department of Psychology, The Chicago School, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Humza Khan
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
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Ribeiro da Silva D, Blujus Dos Santos Rohde C, Tavares H. Tai Chi Chuan evidence related to impulsivity and impulse related disorders: A scoping review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:583-592. [PMID: 38763612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to review the evidence for the potential of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) as a model of meditative movement in benefiting people with impulsivity related disorders and provide guidance for future research. METHODS A scoping review of the literature was conducted in five databases. Eligibility criteria were original articles reporting TCC based interventions or included TCC techniques and provided any assessment on impulsivity or related measures, impulse control disorders, or other psychiatric disorders related to impulsivity (e.g., addictive disorders, ADHD, and other conduct disorders). Twenty-eight out of 304 studies initially retrieved were reviewed. The reports concentrated mostly on neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive decline, and substance use disorders (SUD). RESULTS TCC had several positive effects in cognitive domains resulting in improvements in memory, executive functions, inhibitory control, attention, and verbal fluency. These improvements in memory, executive function, including inhibitory control and attention, and verbal fluency were associated with changes in the brain plasticity, resting activity, and other neurobiological markers. CONCLUSION Albeit no study was found on the use of TCC in impulse control disorders or impulse related conditions, other than SUD, the findings suggest that considering the behavioral impact of TCC, especially the improvement of executive functions, it could be a valuable therapeutic tool for approaching impulse control related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djanira Ribeiro da Silva
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. André de Bom Furlanes, 252. Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, SP, 18057-030, Brazil.
| | - Ciro Blujus Dos Santos Rohde
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
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Brunet J, Sharma S. A scoping review of studies exploring physical activity and cognition among persons with cancer. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01441-x. [PMID: 37561316 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize published studies on physical activity (PA) and cognition among persons with cancer and elucidate knowledge gaps. METHODS Articles were identified through electronic and manual searches (02/21 and 03/22) using the following inclusion criteria: (1) empirical, peer-reviewed publication in English, (2) sample comprised persons with cancer, and (3) reported at least one statistical association between PA and cognition. Multiple reviewers independently performed study selection and data extraction, and results were mapped in tabular and narrative form. RESULTS Ninety-seven articles were eligible; these were largely published from 2017 to 2022 (54.6%), conducted in high-income countries (96.9%), and presented (quasi-)experimental studies (73.2%). Samples predominantly comprised women with breast cancer (48.5%), and recruitment often occurred post-treatment (63.9%). PA interventions included: aerobic (32.3%), resistance (4.8%), combined aerobic/resistance (38.7%), mind-body (19.4%), or other PA (4.8%). Most (66%) articles reported inconclusive findings; 32% were positive (in support of PA promoting cognition or vice versa), and 2.1% were negative. Diverse samples and studies with long-term follow-up were scarce. CONCLUSIONS The state of knowledge is insufficient and more rigorous, large-scale studies are required to provide definitive conclusions about the cognitive benefits of PA among persons with cancer. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) thwarts quality of life. This review summarizes what is known about the association between PA and cognition among persons with cancer and concludes that the evidence is currently equivocal. Hence, it remains uncertain if PA interventions can reduce CRCI, and large-scale PA intervention trials explicitly designed to promote cognition are greatly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University (MNT 339), Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Institut du savoir Montfort, l'Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Cancer Therapeutic Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Sitara Sharma
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University (MNT 339), Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
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Evidence Quality Assessment of Tai Chi Exercise Intervention in Cognitive Impairment: An Overview of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5872847. [PMID: 35509627 PMCID: PMC9060972 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5872847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Tai Chi (TC) exercise has recently received wide attention for its efficacy in the management of cognitive impairment. The purpose of this overview is to summarize the available evidence on TC treatment of cognitive impairment and assess its quality. Methods We retrieved relevant systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) from 7 databases from the time they were established to January 2, 2022. Two reviewers independently evaluated the methodological quality, risk of bias, report quality, and evidence quality of the included SRs/MAs on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The tools used are Assessment System for Evaluating Methodological Quality 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias In Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results This overview finally included 8 SRs/MAs. According to the results of AMSTAR-2, all included SRs/MAs were rated as very low quality. Based on the ROBIS tool, none of the SR/MA had a low risk of bias. In light of PRISMA, all SRs/MAs had reporting deficiencies. According to the GRADE system, there was only 1 high-quality piece of evidence. Conclusion TC is a promising complementary and alternative therapy for cognitive impairment with high safety profile. However, in view of the low quality of the included SRs/MAs supporting this conclusion, high-quality evidence with a more rigorous study design and a larger sample size is needed before making a recommendation for guidance.
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Zhang JY, Li SS, Meng LN, Zhou YQ. Effectiveness of a nurse-led Mindfulness-based Tai Chi Chuan (MTCC) program on Posttraumatic Growth and perceived stress and anxiety of breast cancer survivors. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2023314. [PMID: 35140880 PMCID: PMC8820790 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.2023314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of positive psychology, posttraumatic growth research on cancer patients has attracted increasing attention from researchers. It is immensely important to effectively increase the posttraumatic growth level of cancer patients and improve their quality of life. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of a nurse-led mindfulness-based Tai Chi Chuan (MTCC) programme for increasing posttraumatic growth (PTG) and decreasing the perceived stress and anxiety of breast cancer survivors. METHODS A RCT was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to either the MTCC group or the control group. The programme included 59 women with stage I-III breast cancer. Participants in the intervention group participated in a nurse-led 8-week, twice a week, one-hour per day mindfulness-based exercise programme. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured three times (T1 - before intervention; T2 - after intervention; T3 - one year after intervention) using validated scales, including the PTG inventory (PTGI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). A repeated-measure analysis of variance model was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Compared with the wait-list control group, the PTG level in the MTCC group was much higher after the 8-week intervention and the follow-up (F = 374.98, P < .000). The results showed that MTCC increased the level of PTG, and the effect persisted 1 year after intervention. In addition, PSS (F = 55.22, P < .000) and SAS (F = 148.92, P < .000) scores were significantly decreased at T2 and T3. CONCLUSION The research preliminarily revealed that the MTCC programme was simple, effective, and more suitable to clinical nurses which should be recommended to cancer survivors to promote their recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Nursing Science, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Sha-Sha Li
- Department of Nursing, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Na Meng
- Department of Nursing Science, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhou
- Department of Nursing Science, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Drijver AJ, Reijneveld JC, Wesselman LMP, Klein M. A Web-Based Lifestyle Intervention Aimed at Improving Cognition in Patients With Cancer Returning to Work in an Outpatient Setting: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e22670. [PMID: 33900201 PMCID: PMC8111506 DOI: 10.2196/22670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A high percentage of patients with cancer experience cognitive impairment after cancer treatment, resulting in a decreased health-related quality of life and difficulty returning to work. Consequently, there is a need for effective treatment options to improve cognitive functioning in these patients. In a healthy aging population, multidomain web-based lifestyle interventions have been found to be effective in preventing cognitive decline and improving cognitive functioning. Objective This study aims to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the web-based lifestyle intervention Mijn Fitte Brein (My Fit Brain [MFB]) on cognitive functioning in patients with cancer returning to work. Methods The study consists of a feasibility study (N=10), followed by a randomized controlled trial (RCT; N=220). Patients will be recruited by their occupational physicians after their return to work following cancer treatment. Mijn Fitte Brein is organized into 4-week cycles in which patients set a lifestyle goal using the Goal Attainment Scale, receive weekly tips and support, and finally evaluate whether they succeeded in achieving this goal. Lifestyle goals are based on 6 domains: physical exercise, diet, sleep, stress, alcohol use, and smoking. In the feasibility study, data on user experience (structured interview) and usability, assessed with the Post-Study System Usability Scale, will be collected and used to optimize Mijn Fitte Brein. In the RCT, patients will be randomized 1:1 between an intervention group and a control group. Patients will be assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The primary outcome measure is subjective cognitive functioning, assessed with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog). Secondary outcome measures are lifestyle, objective cognitive functioning, and work and psychosocial factors. Results Recruitment for the feasibility study has started in February 2020. As of July 2020, however, no patients have been enrolled (due to COVID-19 restrictions). The findings of the feasibility study will be used to optimize the Mijn Fitte Brein intervention. Enrollment for the RCT will continue when possible. The feasibility study will take 6 months (including making adjustments to the intervention), and the RCT will take 2 years. The final results are expected in 2024. The results of the feasibility study and the RCT will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions This is the first time the feasibility and efficacy of a multidomain web-based lifestyle intervention will be studied in patients with cancer. If Mijn Fitte Brein is found to be effective in decreasing cognitive complaints in these patients returning to work, it will be a promising treatment option because of being both affordable and accessible. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NL8407; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8407 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/22670
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Affiliation(s)
- A Josephine Drijver
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap C Reijneveld
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Linda M P Wesselman
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin Klein
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Bellens A, Roelant E, Sabbe B, Peeters M, van Dam PA. A video-game based cognitive training for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment: A prospective randomized pilot trial. Breast 2020; 53:23-32. [PMID: 32554133 PMCID: PMC7375646 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether a web-based cognitive training video game is an effective approach to improve cognitive decline in combination with our standard of care for rehabilitation of breast cancer (BC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Self-selected BC patients between 18 and 71 years old complaining of disturbing cognitive impairment were studied. The patients received access to a web-based internet video game and online cognitive assessments (Aquasnap, Cambridge, MyCQ™). The early intervention group (n = 23) had a training program of 6 months of at least three times a week for a minimum of 60 min of game playing per week at home in addition to standard of care rehabilitation. The delayed intervention (n = 23) received standard of care for three months, followed by three months of similar MyCQ training. Outcome measures were the MyCQ (sub)scores and Activity of Daily Life (ADL), mood, subjective cognition and functional cognitive status measured by classic neuropsychological tests. RESULTS At baseline the means for CFQ (a measure of self-reported cognitive failure), anxiety, PSQI and self-reflectiveness were beyond normal range in both groups. CFQ improved significantly better in the intervention group (p = 0.029). Combining the evolution over time in the entire population a significant improvement was seen for overall MyCQ score, level of fear, physical and emotional role limitation, and health change (all p < 0.05), but self-reflectivess deteriorated (p < 0.05)). Significant differences in the various MyCQ subtests over time were: improved speed in choice reaction time, visual memory recognition, N back 1 and 2, coding, trail making test B, improved accuracy of N back 1 and 2 (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A program of cognitive training improves cognitive functioning over time. "Aquasnap" has a beneficial effect on the perception of subjective cognitive functioning (CFQ) but the exact role of video gaming in this process remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bellens
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, B2650, Belgium; Centre for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B2610, Belgium
| | - Ella Roelant
- Clinical Trial Center (CTC), CRC Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, B2650, Belgium; StatUa, Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, B2000, Belgium
| | - Bernard Sabbe
- Department of Psychiatry, Antwerp University, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, B2650, Belgium; Centre for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B2610, Belgium
| | - Peter A van Dam
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, B2650, Belgium; Centre for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B2610, Belgium.
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Pathogenesis, Assessments, and Management of Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment (CRCI): An Updated Literature Review. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3942439. [PMID: 32684930 PMCID: PMC7333028 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3942439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There are various cancer treatments at present, and chemotherapy is one of the main methods. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), as one of the side effects of chemotherapy, has gradually attracted the attention of more and more researchers. CRCI has been verified by subjective reports and objective neuropsychological tests so far. But oncologists' understanding of it and its treatments are still incomplete. In this review, we mainly give a comprehensive overview of the mechanism of CRCI, then describe a variety of evaluation methods, and finally summarize the treatment approaches under current medical conditions and compare it with an excellent article published in 2015 with the aim of providing directions for future research and better understanding of CRCI for clinicians.
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Tai Chi Training Evokes Significant Changes in Brain White Matter Network in Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8010057. [PMID: 32182844 PMCID: PMC7151065 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive decline is age relevant and it can start as early as middle age. The decline becomes more obvious among older adults, which is highly associated with increased risk of developing dementia (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease). White matter damage was found to be related to cognitive decline through aging. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of Tai Chi (TC) versus walking on the brain white matter network among Chinese elderly women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted where 42 healthy elderly women were included. Tai Chi practitioners (20 females, average age: 62.9 ± 2.38 years, education level 9.05 ± 1.8 years) and the matched walking participants (22 females, average age: 63.27 ± 3.58 years, educational level: 8.86 ± 2.74 years) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph theory were employed to study the data, construct the white matter matrix, and compare the brain network attributes between the two groups. Results: Results from graph-based analyses showed that the small-world attributes were higher for the TC group than for the walking group (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 1.534). Some effects were significant (p < 0.001) with very large effect sizes. Meanwhile, the aggregation coefficient and local efficiency attributes were also higher for the TC group than for the walking group (p > 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in node attributes and edge analysis. Conclusion: Regular TC training is more conducive to optimize the brain functioning and networking of the elderly. The results of the current study help to identify the mechanisms underlying the cognitive protective effects of TC.
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Ji Z, Feng T, Wang H. The Effects of 12-Week Physical Exercise Tapping High-level Cognitive Functions. Adv Cogn Psychol 2020; 16:59-66. [PMID: 32676132 PMCID: PMC7352119 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise tapping high-level cognitive functions on both cognitive function and fitness in older adults. In total, 96 healthy older adults took part in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups: a cognitive training group (CG), physical exercise group (PG), simultaneous cognitive training and physical exercise group (C+PG), and the healthy control group (HG; received physical exercise materials but did not participate in a cognitive or exercise programme). The outcomes were the changes in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), timed up-and-go (TUG) test, and the computerized modified Stroop task, which included two conditions, a naming condition (nonexecutive) and an executive condition. The results showed that the dynamic balance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and physical activity levels of the PG and C+PG were significantly better than those of the HG after the 12-week intervention. The times of the TUG test in these two groups were also significantly faster than those in the HG. Additionally, the C+PG exhibited better dual-task function than the PG. Over 12 weeks, the CG, PG, and C+PG demonstrated improved performance of executive function, but only the C+PG showed a general facilitative effect on nonexecutive control. Physical exercise tapping high-level cognitive functions and cognitive training can thus improve executive function more quickly than physical exercise alone. Moreover, physical exercise tapping high-level cognitive functions showed better fitness improvement than cognitive training alone, especially in dynamic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ji
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Feng
- Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbiao Wang
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Cherrier MM, Higano CS. Impact of androgen deprivation therapy on mood, cognition, and risk for AD. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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12
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Qiu Q, Li Y, Fan Z, Yao F, Shen W, Sun J, Yuan Y, Chen J, Cai L, Xie Y, Liu K, Chen X, Jiao X. Gene Expression Analysis of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Colorectal Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5201587. [PMID: 32258125 PMCID: PMC7103040 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5201587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens had been found in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue, but little evidence demonstrates the association of HPV with oncogene mutations in CRC. We aim to elucidate the mutated genes that link HPV infection and CRC carcinogenesis. METHODS Cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues were obtained from CRC patients. HPV antigen was measured by using the immunohistochemical (IHC) technique. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumor tissues were measured by using TaqMan Array Plates. The target genes were validated with the qPCR method. RESULTS 15 (31.9%) cases of CRC patients were observed to be HPV positive, in which HPV antigen was expressed in most tumor tissues rather than in adjacent noncancerous tissues. With TaqMan Array Plates analyses, we found that 39 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated, while 17 DEGs were downregulated in HPV-positive CRC tissues compared with HPV-negative tissues. Four DEGs (MMP-7, MYC, WNT-5A, and AXIN2) were upregulated in tumor vs. normal tissues, or adenoma vs. normal tissue in TCGA, which was overlapped with our data. In the confirmation test, MMP-7, MYC, WNT-5A, and AXIN2 were upregulated in cancerous tissue compared with adjacent noncancerous tissue. MYC, WNT-5A, and AXIN2 were shown to be upregulated in HPV-positive CRC tissues when compared to HPV-negative tissues. CONCLUSION HPV-encoding genome may integrate into the tumor genomes that involved in multiple signaling pathways. Further genomic and proteomic investigation is necessary for obtaining a more comprehensive knowledge of signaling pathways associated with the CRC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yazhen Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Jiangmen Central Hosptial (Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 529000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Wenjun Shen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Leshan Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yanxuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Kaixi Liu
- Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Yang J, Chon TY, Li G, Mallory MJ, Bublitz SE, Do A, Xiao L, Xiong D, Bauer BA. Tai Chi for patients with mild cognitive impairment: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17118. [PMID: 31577701 PMCID: PMC6783215 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between the cognitive changes of normal aging and early dementia. Tai Chi (TC) may be particularly beneficial to patients with MCI due to its whole-body coordination characteristics. This systematic review protocol aims to outline the methods that will be used to assess the comparative effectiveness and safety of TC for MCI through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review will identify and evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects and safety of TC compared to a placebo, conventional treatment, and no treatment on cognitive function in individuals with MCI. Studies from databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Global Health, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from January 1990 to March 2019 reported in English will be searched. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies for inclusion with the eligibility criteria and extract data. Risk of bias of individual studies will be assessed in line with Cochrane risk of bias tool. The overall quality of cumulative evidence will be assessed using selected Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations criteria. Statistics will be used for heterogeneity assessment, sensitivity analysis, data synthesis, generating funnel plots, and subgroup analysis. Meta-analysis will be performed, if sufficiently homogeneous studies are found. A narrative synthesis will be conducted, grouping studies by exposure and outcome definitions, and describing any differences by subgroups. RESULTS This study will provide practical and targeted evidence in investigating the impact of TC exercise for individuals with MCI. CONCLUSION The findings of our study will provide updated evidence to determine whether TC is an effective intervention to patients with MCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) number CRD42019125104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen
| | - Tony Y. Chon
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Guangxi Li
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Epidemiology and Translational Research in Intensive Care, Rochester, MN
| | - Molly J. Mallory
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sara E. Bublitz
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Alexander Do
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lizu Xiao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen
| | - Donglin Xiong
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen
| | - Brent A. Bauer
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Myers JS, Erickson KI, Sereika SM, Bender CM. Exercise as an Intervention to Mitigate Decreased Cognitive Function From Cancer and Cancer Treatment: An Integrative Review. Cancer Nurs 2019; 41:327-343. [PMID: 29194066 PMCID: PMC5975081 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased cognitive function associated with non-central nervous system cancers and cancer treatment significantly affects cancer survivors' quality of life. Exercise may be an effective intervention to mitigate decreased cognitive function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to conduct an integrative review to summarize and critique the available evidence related to the use of exercise as a potential intervention for decreased cognitive function from cancer and cancer treatment. METHODS We conducted an integrative review through January 2016 utilizing PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Broad inclusion criteria included any quantitative study in which cognitive outcomes were reported in relationship to any type of exercise for adult cancer survivors. Effect sizes were calculated when possible based on available data. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included for review. The majority of studies (including aerobic or resistance exercise as well as mindfulness-based exercise) were associated with some improved cognitive outcomes. However, studies varied significantly in levels of evidence, cognitive domains assessed, and types of cognitive measures. Less than half of the studies included objective measures of cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS The evidence shows promising trends for the use of exercise as a potential intervention for improving cognitive function following cancer and cancer treatment, but questions remain concerning exercise type, timing of initiation, intensity, frequency, and duration. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Additional research is warranted to understand how various types of exercise influence cognitive function in the cancer survivor population and to better understand the mechanisms driving these effects. Trial designs that include both objective and subjective measures of cognitive function are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Myers
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, University of Kansas (Dr Myers); and Department of Psychology (Dr Erickson) and School of Nursing (Drs Sereika and Bender), University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Influence of Tai Chi on Self-Efficacy, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Among Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study Brief. J Holist Nurs 2019; 37:354-363. [DOI: 10.1177/0898010119867557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: While exercise is an effective intervention used to minimize side effects associated with chemotherapy, tai chi (TC) exercise for persons actively receiving chemotherapy remains understudied. The purposes of this study were to (a) evaluate the effects of TC on self-efficacy, quality of life (QOL), and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and (b) understand the experience and perceived benefits of patients taking chemotherapy involved in a TC program. Design: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study with a dominant qualitative strand was used to explore the differences between an intervention group participating in TC ( n = 3) and a nonexercising, wait-listed comparison group ( n = 3). Method: Following 8-weeks of TC classes, a focus group was conducted with the intervention group. Pretest/posttest scores for CRF, self-efficacy, and QOL were analyzed using t tests to compare the means between and within groups. Thematic analysis was used to interpret transcripts. Quantitative and qualitative results were compared to determine congruence between findings. Findings: Qualitative findings revealed increased mind/body strength. Quantitative scores trended toward improved CRF, self-efficacy, and QOL. Findings from the two strands supported one another. Conclusions: Tai chi is an effective and feasible exercise for individuals with cancer receiving chemotherapy. This mind–body exercise appears to provide benefits beyond improved physical functioning.
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Feng T, Li Y, Ji Z, Zhang Z. The Role of Time Constraints in Athletes' Egocentric Mental Rotation Performance. Adv Cogn Psychol 2019; 15:225-235. [PMID: 32395189 PMCID: PMC7204408 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A selective effect of motor expertise on mental rotation is revealed by a high correlation between the performance of sports experts and ability on a mental rotation task. Evidence is shown by studies involving a spatial factor, such as image interference or a movement constraint. Alternatively, the time constraint, as another performance factor, is considered critical in the effect of sport expertise on mental rotation. Three experiments were conducted to examine the role of time constraints in egocentric mental rotation and the stage performance of athletes (divers) and nonathletes. In Experiment 1, an egocentric mental rotation task in an untimed condition was conducted, and reaction times (RTs), error rates (ERs), RTs at 0 °, and mental rotation speed were assessed. The results indicated that divers outperformed nonathletes in terms of RT, as well as perceptual and decision stages and rotation stages. Experiments 2 and 3 added a relative time constraint (subtracting 1/2 SD of all the subjects' RT from the M of each group's RT) and an absolute time constraint (subtracting 1/2 SD of all the subjects' RT from the M of all the subjects' RT) to the task, respectively. Superior RT and lower ER were observed for the divers in the time constraint condition. Moreover, the results illustrated that divers were faster than nonathletes in both stages when facing time pressure. In general, the present study has, for the first time, confirmed the role of time in the relationship between sports expertise and mental rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Ji
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, China
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Huang MH, Hile E, Croarkin E, Wampler-Kuhn M, Blackwood J, Colon G, Pfalzer LA. Academy of Oncologic Physical Therapy EDGE Task Force: A Systematic Review of Measures of Balance in Adult Cancer Survivors. REHABILITATION ONCOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.reo.0000000000000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBackground:Mind-body interventions have been associated with a range of positive outcomes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of the present study was to review the impact of different non-pharmacological programs based on mind-body intervention for older adults with MCI. METHODS A comprehensive search method as required by the Cochrane Collaboration has been performed through the following databases: Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, Cochrane, Ebsco. We included the studies that evaluated the impact of mind-body interventions such as mindfulness or meditation, yoga, Tai Chi and Qigong on cognitive function and everyday functionality of non-hospitalized adults aged 55 years or over with MCI. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that mind-body interventions improved cognitive function, everyday activities functioning, and mindfulness, as well as resulting in a moderate reduction in fall risk, depression and stress and lower risk of dementia at one year. CONCLUSION Several mind-body interventions focused broadly on mindfulness, yoga and Tai Chi training have been studied. This review shows that mind-body interventions improved cognitive function and everyday activities functioning, memory, resilience and mindfulness in older adults with MCI. However, the conclusions faced limitations, such as small sample size, heterogeneity of outcome measures, lack of an active control group and absence of long-term follow up. Further high-quality evidence is needed in order to determine whether mind-body interventions are cost-effective for improving cognitive decline in older adults with MCI and for delaying the rapid progression from MCI to Alzheimer or other types of dementia.
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Smith L, Lee JA, Mun J, Pakpahan R, Imm KR, Izadi S, Kibel AS, Colditz GA, Grubb RL, Wolin KY, Sutcliffe S, Yang L. Levels and patterns of self-reported and objectively-measured free-living physical activity among prostate cancer survivors: A prospective cohort study. Cancer 2018; 125:798-806. [PMID: 30516839 PMCID: PMC6378115 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background No prior study has measured or compared self‐reported and objectively measured physical activity trajectories in prostate cancer survivors before and after treatment. Methods Clinically localized prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy were recruited between 2011 and 2014. Of the 350 participants enrolled at the main site, 310 provided self‐reported physical activity at baseline before radical prostatectomy, and 5 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after radical prostatectomy. A subset of participants (n = 81) provided objectively measured physical activity at all study time points by wearing an accelerometer for 7 days each. Changes in activity over time were compared using Friedman’s test. Agreement between self‐reported and objective measures was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results Self‐reported moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity was high at baseline (median, 32.1 min/day), followed by a decline at 5 weeks (median, 15.0 min/day) and a recovery at 6 and 12 months (median, 32.1‐47.1 min/day). In contrast, objectively measured moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity was low at all 4 time points (median, 0.0‐5.2 min/day), with no overall change across study assessments (global P = .29). Self‐reported moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity tended to be more closely related to objectively measured light‐intensity physical activity (ρ = 0.29‐0.42) than to objectively measured moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (ρ = 0.07‐0.27, P = .009‐.32). Conclusions In our population of prostate cancer survivors with critically low moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity levels, self‐reported measures greatly overestimated moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and may have been more reflective of light‐intensity physical activity. Because cancer survivor guidelines are derived from self‐reported data, our findings may imply that intensities of physical activity below moderate, such as light intensity, still have health benefits. In a population of 81 prostate cancer survivors with critically low moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity levels, self‐reported measure greatly overestimates moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and may be more reflective of light‐intensity physical activity. Because prostate cancer guidelines are derived from self‐reported moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, the findings imply that lower intensities of physical activity, such as light‐intensity physical activity, may still have health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jung Ae Lee
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Agricultural Statistics Laboratory, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Junbae Mun
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ratna Pakpahan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kellie R Imm
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sonya Izadi
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert L Grubb
- Division of Urological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Siobhan Sutcliffe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lin Yang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Gokal K, Munir F, Ahmed S, Kancherla K, Wallis D. Does walking protect against decline in cognitive functioning among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy? Results from a small randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206874. [PMID: 30485297 PMCID: PMC6261560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer related cognitive impairments have been subjectively reported and objectively detected in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and are known to have a profound negative impact on productivity, psychosocial well-being and overall quality of life. Moderate levels of walking are known to be of benefit to the psychosocial well-being of those affected by breast cancer and for managing cognitive impairment in healthy adults, children, and the elderly. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a home-based, self-managed, moderate intensity walking intervention on subjective and objective cognitive functioning in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS A home-based, self-managed intervention that consisted of moderate levels of walking was compared to usual care among breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in a randomised controlled trial. Outcome measures included changes in subjective (CFQ) and objectively detected cognitive functioning (Stroop, SART and two subscales from the WAIS- Digit Span and Block Design). Fifty participants were randomised to either the intervention group (n = 25), who completed 12 weeks of moderate intensity walking, or to the control group (n = 25) mid-way through chemotherapy. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the self-managed walking intervention had positive effects on perceived cognitive function but not on sustained attention, executive function, memory or visual spatial skills when assessed objectively using neuropsychological measures. CONCLUSION This home-based, self-managed intervention is beneficial for protecting against perceived cognitive decline in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. There is a need for further research to objectively assess cognitive decline within this population with larger sample sizes of patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN50709297.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Gokal
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Samreen Ahmed
- Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Kiran Kancherla
- Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Wallis
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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21
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Myers JS, Mitchell M, Krigel S, Steinhoff A, Boyce-White A, Van Goethem K, Valla M, Dai J, He J, Liu W, Sereika SM, Bender CM. Qigong intervention for breast cancer survivors with complaints of decreased cognitive function. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:1395-1403. [PMID: 30128855 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of an 8-week Qigong intervention to improve objectively and subjectively assessed cognitive function in breast cancer survivors who were 2 months to 8 years post completion of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. METHODS A randomized, single-blind, three-arm intervention pilot was conducted to compare Qigong to gentle exercise and survivorship support. Feasibility was measured by recruitment, group session attendance, and adherence to home practice for the two exercise groups. Changes in self-report and objectively measured cognitive function were compared between the three groups from baseline (T1) to completion of the intervention (T2) and 4 weeks post intervention (T3). RESULTS Fifty participants consented (83% of desired sample) with an overall attrition rate of 28%. Attrition was highest for the gentle exercise group (50%). Group attendance adherence ranged from 44 to 67%. The a priori established rate of 75% weekly attendance was not achieved, nor was the goal of 75% adherence to home practice for the two exercise groups (7 to 41%). Self-report of cognitive function improved most for the Qigong group (p = .01). Improvement was demonstrated for the Trail Making A (gentle exercise, p = .007) and F-A-S verbal fluency (support group, p = .02) tests. Qigong participants reported the most reduction of distress (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that mindfulness-based exercise may be superior to gentle exercise alone or survivorship support for improving self-report of cognitive function and distress after treatment for breast cancer. The mindfulness component may enhance the positive impact of exercise on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Myers
- Office of Grants and Research, University of Kansas School of Nursing, MS 4043, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Melissa Mitchell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Susan Krigel
- Midwest Cancer Alliance, University of Kansas Medical Center, 4350 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Fairway, KS, 66205, USA
| | - Andreanna Steinhoff
- Office of Grants and Research, University of Kansas School of Nursing, MS 4043, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Alyssa Boyce-White
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Karla Van Goethem
- Midwest Cancer Alliance, University of Kansas Medical Center, 4350 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Fairway, KS, 66205, USA
| | - Mary Valla
- North Kansas City Hospital, 2750 Clay Edwards Drive, North Kansas City, MO, 64116, USA
| | - Junqiang Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Susan M Sereika
- Center for Research and Evaluation, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Catherine M Bender
- Nancy Glunt Hoffman Endowed Chair of Oncology Nursing, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Yu AP, Tam BT, Lai CW, Yu DS, Woo J, Chung KF, Hui SS, Liu JY, Wei GX, Siu PM. Revealing the Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Tai Chi: A Neuroimaging Perspective. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018. [PMID: 29542330 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tai Chi Chuan (TCC), a traditional Chinese martial art, is well-documented to result in beneficial consequences in physical and mental health. TCC is regarded as a mind-body exercise that is comprised of physical exercise and meditation. Favorable effects of TCC on body balance, gait, bone mineral density, metabolic parameters, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, and sleep have been previously reported. However, the underlying mechanisms explaining the effects of TCC remain largely unclear. Recently, advances in neuroimaging technology have offered new investigative opportunities to reveal the effects of TCC on anatomical morphologies and neurological activities in different regions of the brain. These neuroimaging findings have provided new clues for revealing the mechanisms behind the observed effects of TCC. In this review paper, we discussed the possible effects of TCC-induced modulation of brain morphology, functional homogeneity and connectivity, regional activity and macro-scale network activity on health. Moreover, we identified possible links between the alterations in brain and beneficial effects of TCC, such as improved motor functions, pain perception, metabolic profile, cognitive functions, mental health and sleep quality. This paper aimed to stimulate further mechanistic neuroimaging studies in TCC and its effects on brain morphology, functional homogeneity and connectivity, regional activity and macro-scale network activity, which ultimately lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of TCC on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus P Yu
- * School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bjorn T Tam
- ‡ Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher W Lai
- § Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Doris S Yu
- ∥ The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jean Woo
- ** Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Fai Chung
- † Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stanley S Hui
- †† Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Justina Y Liu
- ¶ School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gao X Wei
- ‡‡ Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Parco M Siu
- * School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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A Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for the Symptom Clusters of Chinese Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study. Cancer Nurs 2018; 42:E24-E31. [PMID: 30045133 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer undergoing chemotherapy often experience several symptoms that constitute symptom clusters and can cause patients to suffer. Effective interventions are lacking for this kind of patients. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to test the feasibility and acceptability of a cognitive-behavioral (CB) intervention developed for Chinese patients with GIT cancer undergoing chemotherapy and to estimate the efficacy of the intervention for symptom clusters. METHODS In this pilot, quasi-randomized controlled trial, 40 patients were assigned to the CB intervention or control group. The CB intervention, considering characteristics of patients and Chinese culture, contained 4 sections including cognitive reframing, cancer-diet education, relaxation, and exercise techniques. Symptom clusters, illness perception, anxiety, and depression were measured. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (97.5%) completed the study program and expressed willingness to follow the intervention. Compared with the control group, all outcomes were improved (all P < .05) in the CB group after the intervention, except for the gastrointestinal symptom cluster (t = 0.25, P = .802). In the CB group, the scores of all outcomes (all P < .05) decreased except for depression (t = 1.76, P = .095). CONCLUSION The CB intervention is partially feasible and acceptable. It may also help to improve part of the symptom clusters of Chinese patients with GIT cancer undergoing chemotherapy. However, some modifications are needed in future studies to better test effectiveness. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Symptom management remains a major problem in clinical nursing. Such a CB intervention can be beneficial to the clinical management of symptom clusters.
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Saketkoo LA, Karpinski A, Young J, Adell R, Walker M, Hennebury T, Wickremasinghe M, Russell AM. Feasibility, utility and symptom impact of modified mindfulness training in sarcoidosis. ERJ Open Res 2018; 4:00085-2017. [PMID: 29750143 PMCID: PMC5938490 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00085-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterised by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation of unknown aetiology. It may resolve spontaneously, but ∼30% of patients have progressive disease with significant organ damage [1]. Although any organ is vulnerable, the lungs are frequently involved resulting in shortness of breath and dry cough. Fatigue is an overarching symptom in sarcoidosis, originating from multiple and combined causes of mental fatigue and physical fatigue [2]. This is also true of the psychosocial impact of sarcoidosis, which may include depression, anxiety, isolation and feelings of uncertainty. The prevalence of these factors remains high even for those who achieve clinical remission, resulting in psychological distress and reduced health status [3]. A modified mindfulness-based exercise intervention has beneficial impact on people living with sarcoidosishttp://ow.ly/XYTO30jtmms
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Ann Saketkoo
- New Orleans Scleroderma and Sarcoidosis Patient Care and Research Center, University Medical Center Comprehensive Pulmonary Hypertension Center and Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Aryn Karpinski
- Evaluation and Measurement, School of Foundations, Leadership and Administration, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Jessica Young
- Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Ryan Adell
- Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - McCall Walker
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Anne-Marie Russell
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College, London, UK.,Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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Allen DH, Myers JS, Jansen CE, Merriman JD, Von Ah D. Assessment and Management of Cancer- and Cancer Treatment-Related Cognitive Impairment. J Nurse Pract 2018; 14:217-224.e5. [PMID: 30906237 DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah H Allen
- Duke University Health System, DUMC Box 3543, Durham NC 27710
| | - Jamie S Myers
- Research Assistant Professor, Kansas Univeristy School of Nursing, Mail Stop 2029, Kansas City, KS 66160,
| | - Catherine E Jansen
- Oncology Clinical Nurse Specialist, Kaiser Permanente, 4141 Geary Blvd., San Francisco, CA 94118,
| | - John D Merriman
- Assistant Professor, New York University Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010,
| | - Diane Von Ah
- Associate Professor & Chair, Dept. of Community Health Systems, Indiana University School of Nursing, 749 Chestnut St, Terre Haute, IN 47809,
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Ali FS, Hussain MR, Gutiérrez C, Demireva P, Ballester LY, Zhu JJ, Blanco A, Esquenazi Y. Cognitive disability in adult patients with brain tumors. Cancer Treat Rev 2018. [PMID: 29533821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is common among patients with intracranial tumors. Most cognitive deficits are subtle, lack specificity, may mimic depression or other neurological disorders and may be recognized in retrospect by the physician. In certain cases, distinguishing between tumor recurrence and cognitive deficits that arise as a consequence of the treatment becomes challenging. Late treatment effects have also become an area of focus as the overall survival and prognosis of patients with brain tumors increases. New data has highlighted the importance of less toxic adjuvant therapies owing to their positive impact on prognosis and quality of life. Various experimental therapies and genetic influences on individual sensitivity towards injury are promising steps towards a better management strategy for cognitive dysfunction. In this literature review, we discuss cognitive dysfunction as a manifestation of intracranial tumors, treatment modalities such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery and their impact on cognition and patients' quality of life. We also discuss management options for cognitive dysfunction and emerging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal S Ali
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery and Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maryam R Hussain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carolina Gutiérrez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Petya Demireva
- Department of Psychology/Neuropsychology, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jiguang-Jay Zhu
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery and Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Angel Blanco
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery and Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery and Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Houston, TX, United States.
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Shin JH. Evaluation of an Exercise Program for Older Adults in a Residential Environment. Rehabil Nurs 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/rnj.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Miller S, Taylor-Piliae RE. The association between Tai Chi exercise and safe driving performance among older adults: An observational study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2018; 7:83-94. [PMID: 30356498 PMCID: PMC6180546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cognitive and physical decline can impair safe driving performance. Tai Chi exercise benefits cognitive and physical function and may influence safe driving performance in older adults. The primary aim of this observational study was to compare cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance among older adult Tai Chi practitioners to normative reference values. Secondary aims were to examine relationships between Tai Chi exercise habits, cognitive processes, and physical function related to safe driving performance and to explore potential predictors of safe driving performance. METHODS The DrivingHealth Inventory, the Driving Scenes Test, other driving-related cognitive and physical measures, and self-reported measures including the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Vitality Plus Scale (VPS) were collected from current Tai Chi practitioners (n = 58; age 72.9 ± 5.9 years, mean ± SD) with median >3 years Tai Chi practice. RESULTS Compared to normative reference values, participants performed better on numerous cognitive measures including the Driving Scenes Test (p < 0.001, d = 1.63), maze navigation (p = 0.017, d = 0.27), the Useful Field of View Test (p < 0.001, r = 0.15), and on physical measures including the Rapid Walk Test (p < 0.001, r = 0.20), and the Right Foot Tapping Test, (p < 0.001, r = 0.35). Participants scored higher than normative reference values on MAAS and VPS (p < 0.001, d = 0.75; p = 0.002, d = 0.38, respectively). Statistically significant correlations were found between several study measures. The digit span backward test was the strongest predictor of safe driving performance (β = 0.34, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Tai Chi exercise has the potential to impact cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance. Further study using randomized controlled trials, structured Tai Chi exercise doses, and driving simulator or on-road driving performance as outcome measures are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Miller
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
- College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Tai Chi and Qigong for cancer-related symptoms and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv 2017; 12:256-267. [PMID: 29222705 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-017-0665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to summarize and critically evaluate the effects of Tai Chi and Qigong (TCQ) mind-body exercises on symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in cancer survivors. METHODS A systematic search in four electronic databases targeted randomized and non-randomized clinical studies evaluating TCQ for fatigue, sleep difficulty, depression, pain, and QOL in cancer patients, published through August 2016. Meta-analysis was used to estimate effect sizes (ES, Hedges' g) and publication bias for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methodological bias in RCTs was assessed. RESULTS Our search identified 22 studies, including 15 RCTs that evaluated 1283 participants in total, 75% women. RCTs evaluated breast (n = 7), prostate (n = 2), lymphoma (n = 1), lung (n = 1), or combined (n = 4) cancers. RCT comparison groups included active intervention (n = 7), usual care (n = 5), or both (n = 3). Duration of TCQ training ranged from 3 to 12 weeks. Methodological bias was low in 12 studies and high in 3 studies. TCQ was associated with significant improvement in fatigue (ES = - 0.53, p < 0.001), sleep difficulty (ES = - 0.49, p = 0.018), depression (ES = - 0.27, p = 0.001), and overall QOL (ES = 0.33, p = 0.004); a statistically non-significant trend was observed for pain (ES = - 0.38, p = 0.136). Random effects models were used for meta-analysis based on Q test and I 2 criteria. Funnel plots suggest some degree of publication bias. Findings in non-randomized studies largely paralleled meta-analysis results. CONCLUSIONS Larger and methodologically sound trials with longer follow-up periods and appropriate comparison groups are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn, and cancer- and symptom-specific recommendations can be made. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS TCQ shows promise in addressing cancer-related symptoms and QOL in cancer survivors.
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Ji Z, Li A, Feng T, Liu X, You Y, Meng F, Wang R, Lu J, Zhang C. The benefits of Tai Chi and brisk walking for cognitive function and fitness in older adults. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3943. [PMID: 29062610 PMCID: PMC5652256 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits of exercises with different cognitive demands for cognitive functions (Executive and non-Executive) in healthy older adults. A cross-sectional design was adopted. In total, 84 healthy older adults were enrolled in the study. They were categorized into the Tai Chi group (TG), the brisk walking group (BG) or the control group (CG). Each participant performed the Stroop task and a digit comparison task. The Stroop task included the following three conditions: a naming condition, an inhibition condition and an executive condition. There were two experimental conditions in the digit comparison task: the non-delay condition and the delay condition. The results indicated that participants of the TG and BG revealed significant better performance than the CG in the executive condition of cognitive tasks and fitness. There was no significant difference of reaction time (RT) and accuracy rate in the inhibition and delay conditions of cognitive tasks and fitness between the TG and BG. The TG showed shorter reaction time in the naming and the executive conditions, and more accurate in the inhibition conditions than the BG. These findings demonstrated that regular participation in brisk walking and Tai Chi have significant beneficial effects on executive function and fitness. However, due to the high cognitive demands of the exercise, Tai Chi benefit cognitive functions (Executive and non-Executive) in older adults more than brisk walking does. Further studies should research the underlying mechanisms at the behavioural and neuroelectric levels, providing more evidence to explain the effect of high-cognitive demands exercise on different processing levels of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ji
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Anmin Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Feng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Traditional Sports, Beijing Sport of University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihong You
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanying Meng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoqing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Cognitive impairment and chemotherapy: a brief overview. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 118:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Palesh O, Scheiber C, Kesler S, Mustian K, Koopman C, Schapira L. Management of side effects during and post-treatment in breast cancer survivors. Breast J 2017; 24:167-175. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Palesh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | - Caroline Scheiber
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | | | - Karen Mustian
- Department of Surgery; University of Rochester; Rochester NY USA
| | - Cheryl Koopman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
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Xiang Y, Lu L, Chen X, Wen Z. Does Tai Chi relieve fatigue? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174872. [PMID: 28380067 PMCID: PMC5381792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is not only a familiar symptom in our daily lives, but also a common ailment that affects all of our bodily systems. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have proven Tai Chi to be beneficial for patients suffering from fatigue, however conclusive evidence is still lacking. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on all RCTs reporting the effects of Tai Chi for fatigue. METHODS In the end of April 2016, seven electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving Tai Chi for fatigue. The search terms mainly included Tai Chi, Tai-ji, Taiji, fatigue, tiredness, weary, weak, and the search was conducted without language restrictions. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Publication bias was estimated with a funnel plot and Egger's test. We also assessed the quality of evidence with the GRADE system. RESULTS Ten trials (n = 689) were included, and there was a high risk of bias in the blinding. Two trials were determined to have had low methodological quality. Tai Chi was found to have improved fatigue more than conventional therapy (standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.70, -0.20) overall, and have positive effects in cancer-related fatigue (SMD:-0.38, 95% CI: -0.65, -0.11). Tai Chi was also more effective on vitality (SMD: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.20, 1.07), sleep (SMD: -0.32, 95% CI: -0.61, -0.04) and depression (SMD: -0.58, 95% CI: -1.04, -0.11). However, no significant difference was found in multiple sclerosis-related fatigue (SMD: -0.77, 95% CI: -1.76, 0.22) and age-related fatigue (SMD: -0.77, 95% CI: -1.78, 0.24). No adverse events were reported among the included studies. The quality of evidence was moderate in the GRADE system. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Tai Chi could be an effective alternative and /or complementary approach to existing therapies for people with fatigue. However, the quality of the evidence was only moderate and may have the potential for bias. There is still absence of adverse events data to evaluate the safety of Tai Chi. Further multi-center RCTs with large sample sizes and high methodological quality, especially carefully blinded design, should be conducted in future research. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42016033066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Key Unit of Methodology in Clinical Research, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiankun Chen
- Key Unit of Methodology in Clinical Research, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehuai Wen
- Key Unit of Methodology in Clinical Research, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- National Center for Design Measurement and Evaluation in Clinical Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Tsai PF, Kitch S, Chang JY, James GA, Dubbert P, Roca JV, Powers CH. Tai Chi for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Pilot Study. J Holist Nurs 2017; 36:147-158. [PMID: 29172896 DOI: 10.1177/0898010117697617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Explore the feasibility of a Tai Chi intervention to improve musculoskeletal pain, emotion, cognition, and physical function in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder. DESIGN Two-phase, one-arm quasi-experimental design. METHOD Phase 1: 11 participants completed one Tai Chi session, feasibility questionnaire, and were offered participation in Phase 2, a 12-week Tai Chi intervention. Ten participants participated in Phase 2. Pain intensity, interference, physical function scales, an emotional battery, and cognition tests were used for pre- and postintervention outcome measures. Paired t tests and thematic analysis were used for analysis. FINDINGS In Phase 1, most felt Tai Chi would benefit health (90.9%) and expressed interest in continuing Tai Chi (6.73 out of 7). Phase 2 results showed improvement in fear-affect (raw t = -2.64, p = .03; age adjusted t = -2.90, p = .02), fear-somatic arousal (raw t = -2.53, p = .035), List Sorting Working Memory (raw t = 2.62, p = .031; age adjusted t = 2.96, p = .018), 6-Minute Walk Test ( t = 3.541, p = .008), and current level of Pain Intensity ( t = -4.00, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS Tai Chi is an acceptable, holistic treatment to individuals with musculoskeletal pain and posttraumatic stress disorder. It may reduce pain, improve emotion, memory, and physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - G Andrew James
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences.,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System
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Alfano CM, Cheville AL, Mustian K. Developing High-Quality Cancer Rehabilitation Programs: A Timely Need. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2017; 35:241-9. [PMID: 27249704 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_156164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The number of survivors of cancer in the United States, already 14.5 million, is growing with improved cancer treatment and aging of the population. Two-thirds of cancer survivors will be older than age 65 and are likely to enter cancer treatment already deconditioned and with multiple comorbidities. Survivors of cancer face numerous adverse consequences of cancer treatment that add to or exacerbate the effects of existing comorbidities and increase risk of functional decline. Many of these problems are amenable to rehabilitation interventions, but referral to cancer rehabilitation professionals is not a standard part of care. We present an expanded prospective model of surveillance, cancer rehabilitation assessment, and referral efforts using a multidisciplinary team approach. In this model, cancer rehabilitation begins at the time of cancer diagnosis and continues through and beyond cancer treatment. Physical impairments and psychosocial symptoms are assessed and treated, and lifestyle and exercise interventions are provided to optimize functioning, health, and quality of life. We present a stepped-care framework to guide decisions on when, how, and where to refer survivors to cancer rehabilitation specialists depending on safety requirements and needs. This model has the potential to result in early identification of symptoms and impairments, appropriate referral and timely treatment, and, in turn, will better address and minimize both acute and long-term cancer morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Alfano
- From American Cancer Society, Washington, DC; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program to Enhance Care Experiences Through Research, Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY
| | - Andrea L Cheville
- From American Cancer Society, Washington, DC; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program to Enhance Care Experiences Through Research, Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY
| | - Karen Mustian
- From American Cancer Society, Washington, DC; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program to Enhance Care Experiences Through Research, Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY
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Interventions for Cognitive Deficits in Breast Cancer Survivors Treated With Chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs 2017; 40:E11-E27. [DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Mustian KM, Cole CL, Lin PJ, Asare M, Fung C, Janelsins MC, Kamen CS, Peppone LJ, Magnuson A. Exercise Recommendations for the Management of Symptoms Clusters Resulting From Cancer and Cancer Treatments. Semin Oncol Nurs 2016; 32:383-393. [PMID: 27776835 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review existing exercise guidelines for cancer patients and survivors for the management of symptom clusters. DATA SOURCES Review of PubMed literature and published exercise guidelines. CONCLUSION Cancer and its treatments are responsible for a copious number of incapacitating symptoms that markedly impair quality of life. The exercise oncology literature provides consistent support for the safety and efficacy of exercise interventions in managing cancer- and treatment-related symptoms, as well as improving quality of life in cancer patients and survivors. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Effective management of symptoms enhances recovery, resumption of normal life activities and quality of life for patients and survivors. Exercise is a safe, appropriate, and effective therapeutic option before, during, and after the completion of treatment for alleviating symptoms and symptom clusters.
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The potential yield of Tai Chi in cancer survivorship. Future Sci OA 2016; 2:FSO152. [PMID: 28116134 PMCID: PMC5242198 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Evidence of the benefits of exercise for people with cancer from diagnosis through survivorship is growing. However, most cancers occur in older adults and little exercise advice is available for making specific recommendations for older adults with cancer. Individualized exercise prescriptions are safe, feasible, and beneficial for the geriatric oncology population. Oncology providers must be equipped to discuss the short- and long-term benefits of exercise and assist older patients in obtaining appropriate exercise prescriptions. This review provides detailed information about professionals and their roles as it relates to functional assessment, intervention, and evaluation of the geriatric oncology population. This review addresses the importance of functional status assessment and appropriate referrals to other oncology professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley Leak Bryant
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karen M Mustian
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Loh KP, Janelsins MC, Mohile SG, Holmes HM, Hsu T, Inouye SK, Karuturi MS, Kimmick GG, Lichtman SM, Magnuson A, Whitehead MI, Wong ML, Ahles TA. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in older patients with cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2016; 7:270-80. [PMID: 27197918 PMCID: PMC4969145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) can occur during or after chemotherapy and represents a concern for many patients with cancer. Among older patients with cancer, in whom there is little clinical trial evidence examining side effects like CRCI, many unanswered questions remain regarding risk for and resulting adverse outcomes from CRCI. Given the rising incidence of cancer with age, CRCI is of particular concern for older patients with cancer who receive treatment. Therefore, research related to CRCI in older patients with cancers is a high priority. In this manuscript, we discuss current gaps in research highlighting the lack of clinical studies of CRCI in older adults, the complex mechanisms of CRCI, and the challenges in measuring cognitive impairment in older patients with cancer. Although we focus on CRCI, we also discuss cognitive impairment related to cancer itself and other treatment modalities. We highlight several research priorities to improve the study of CRCI in older patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Poh Loh
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, United States.
| | | | - Supriya G Mohile
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, United States
| | - Holly M Holmes
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Tina Hsu
- The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Canada
| | - Sharon K Inouye
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States; Hebrew Senior Life, United States
| | | | | | | | - Allison Magnuson
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, United States
| | | | - Melisa L Wong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Tim A Ahles
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
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Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for cognitive impairment as well as cancer. However, the interplay between these three entities - aging, cognition and cancer - is not well understood. Mounting evidence indicates that both cancer and cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, can negatively affect cognition and that older adults with pre-existing cognitive impairment may be more susceptible to cognitive decline with therapy than younger patients. For an older adult, decline in cognition may significantly compromise their ability to remain independent in the community. Pre-existing cognitive impairment, at the time of a cancer diagnosis, may also carry an increased risk of treatment-related adverse events in older adults receiving chemotherapy. Growing research suggests behavioral interventions may be helpful in improving chemotherapy-related cognitive changes; however, these interventions have been mainly evaluated in younger patients in whom pre-existing cognitive impairment is less prevalent. Here we review the studies on: cognitive changes associated with cancer and cancer therapies with an emphasis on studies conducted in older adults, relevant screening tools to evaluate cognition in the geriatric oncology setting, and possible intervention strategies for managing cognitive impairment.
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Effects of Exercise Interventions and Physical Activity Behavior on Cancer Related Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1820954. [PMID: 27144158 PMCID: PMC4842032 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1820954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review analyzes current data on effects of exercise interventions and physical activity behavior on objective and subjective cancer related cognitive impairments (CRCI). Out of the 19 studies which met all inclusion criteria, five RCTs investigated rodents, whereas the other 14 trials explored humans and these included six RCTs, one controlled trial, two prospective noncontrolled trials, one case series, one observational study, and three cross-sectional studies. The results from animal models revealed positive effects of exercise during and after chemotherapy or radiation on structural alterations of the central nervous system, physiological as well as neuropsychological outcomes. The overall study quality in patient studies was poor. The current data on intervention studies showed preliminary positive effects of Asian-influenced movement programs (e.g., Yoga) with benefits on self-perceived cognitive functions as well as a reduction of chronic inflammation for breast cancer patients in the aftercare. Exercise potentially contributes to the prevention and rehabilitation of CRCI. Additional RCTs with standardized neuropsychological assessments and controlling for potential confounders are needed to confirm and expand preliminary findings.
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Myers JS. Review complementary and integrative interventions for cancer-related cognitive changes. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2015; 2:215-226. [PMID: 26719850 PMCID: PMC4692461 DOI: 10.4103/2347-5625.162825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive sequelae from a diagnosis of cancer and the subsequent treatment impact survivors’ quality of life and can interfere with both social relationships and employment. The search for evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies continues for both central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS cancer-related cognitive changes. Complementary therapies in conjunction with conventional medicine are being included in integrative programs designed to maximize symptom management in cancer treatment centers providing survivorship care. The purpose of this article is to review the existing evidence for the use of complementary and integrative interventions to prevent or treat cancer-related cognitive changes and to discuss the rationale for current and future research. Search terminology included: Complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine, cognition, cognitive function, and cancer, and yielded 20 studies that met criteria for inclusion. Preliminary results published to date indicate that some complementary therapies may be beneficial to cancer survivors experiencing cognitive concerns. A number of gaps in the literature remain primarily due to preliminary study designs, small sample sizes, lack of objective cognitive testing, and cognitive function not being a primary endpoint for much of the published work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Myers
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA ; School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Janelsins MC, Peppone LJ, Heckler CE, Kesler SR, Sprod LK, Atkins J, Melnik M, Kamen C, Giguere J, Messino MJ, Mohile SG, Mustian KM. YOCAS©® Yoga Reduces Self-reported Memory Difficulty in Cancer Survivors in a Nationwide Randomized Clinical Trial: Investigating Relationships Between Memory and Sleep. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:263-71. [PMID: 26621521 PMCID: PMC4884662 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415617021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Interventions are needed to alleviate memory difficulty in cancer survivors. We previously showed in a phase III randomized clinical trial that YOCAS©® yoga—a program that consists of breathing exercises, postures, and meditation—significantly improved sleep quality in cancer survivors. This study assessed the effects of YOCAS©® on memory and identified relationships between memory and sleep. Study design and methods. Survivors were randomized to standard care (SC) or SC with YOCAS©® . 328 participants who provided data on the memory difficulty item of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory are included. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. General linear modeling (GLM) determined the group effect of YOCAS©® on memory difficulty compared with SC. GLM also determined moderation of baseline memory difficulty on postintervention sleep and vice versa. Path modeling assessed the mediating effects of changes in memory difficulty on YOCAS©® changes in sleep and vice versa. Results. YOCAS©® significantly reduced memory difficulty at postintervention compared with SC (mean change: yoga=−0.60; SC=−0.16; P<.05). Baseline memory difficulty did not moderate the effects of postintervention sleep quality in YOCAS©® compared with SC. Baseline sleep quality did moderate the effects of postintervention memory difficulty in YOCAS©® compared with SC (P<.05). Changes in sleep quality was a significant mediator of reduced memory difficulty in YOCAS©® compared with SC (P<.05); however, changes in memory difficulty did not significantly mediate improved sleep quality in YOCAS©® compared with SC. Conclusions. In this large nationwide trial, YOCAS©® yoga significantly reduced patient-reported memory difficulty in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Janelsins
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Luke J Peppone
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Charles E Heckler
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - James Atkins
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium NCORP, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marianne Melnik
- Cancer Research Consortium of West Michigan NCORP, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Charles Kamen
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael J Messino
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium NCORP, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Supriya G Mohile
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Karen M Mustian
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
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Hartman SJ, Natarajan L, Palmer BW, Parker B, Patterson RE, Sears DD. Impact of increasing physical activity on cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors: Rationale and study design of Memory & Motion. Contemp Clin Trials 2015; 45:371-376. [PMID: 26427563 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many breast cancer survivors experience problems with cognitive functioning that can persist years after treatment. Increasing physical activity has been shown to improve cognitive functioning in healthy and cognitively impaired adults, but has not yet been tested in cancer survivors. The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial is to examine the effects of a 3-month physical activity intervention compared to a waitlist Control arm on neuropsychological outcomes and subjective cognitive concerns in breast cancer survivors. METHODS Eighty sedentary breast cancer survivors, self-reporting difficulties with cognition, will be randomized into an Exercise arm or Control arm. The Exercise arm includes an activity tracker (i.e., a Fitbit), phone calls, plus tailored and non-tailored email content. The Control arm will receive emails on women's health topics on the same schedule as the Exercise arm. Assessments conducted at baseline and 3 months include: neuropsychological testing, cognitive concerns and other aspects of quality of life, and 7 days of a hip-worn accelerometer. Participants will also provide fasting blood draws to assess brain-derived neurotropic factor, Insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein. Primary and secondary outcomes are changes in neuropsychological testing and cognitive concerns. Biomarkers will be examined to further understand the underlying relationship between physical activity and cognition. CONCLUSION The Memory & Motion study is designed to test whether increasing physical activity can improve cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors. Results from this study could be used to guide development of interventions to improve cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri J Hartman
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Barton W Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Parker
- UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruth E Patterson
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Von Ah D, Jansen CE, Allen DH. Evidence-based interventions for cancer- and treatment-related cognitive impairment. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2015; 18 Suppl:17-25. [PMID: 25427606 DOI: 10.1188/14.cjon.s3.17-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer- and cancer treatment-related cognitive impairment is a common, bothersome, and potentially debilitating symptom incurred by cancer survivors. Cognitive impairment has a significant impact on patients' day-to-day functioning and quality of life, but it remains under-recognized and undertreated. This article, which is an update from the initial Oncology Nursing Society Putting Evidence Into Practice for cancer- and cancer treatment-related cognitive impairment, provides a comprehensive critical review and summary of the evidence regarding interventions addressing cognitive impairment for cancer survivors. This article examines the effectiveness of interventions focused on cancer- and cancer treatment-related cognitive impairment, makes recommendations for practice, and identifies gaps in knowledge and areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Von Ah
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholar Alumna in the School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis
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Walsh JN, Manor B, Hausdorff J, Novak V, Lipsitz L, Gow B, Macklin EA, Peng CK, Wayne PM. Impact of Short- and Long-term Tai Chi Mind-Body Exercise Training on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: Results From a Hybrid Observational Study and Randomized Trial. Glob Adv Health Med 2015; 4:38-48. [PMID: 26331103 PMCID: PMC4533658 DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2015.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline amongst older adults is a significant public health concern. There is growing interest in behavioral interventions, including exercise, for improving cognition. Studies to date suggest tai chi (TC) may be a safe and potentially effective exercise for preserving cognitive function with aging; however, its short-term and potential long-term impact on physically active, healthy adults is unclear. OBJECTIVE To compare differences in cognitive function among long-term TC expert practitioners and age-matched and gender-matched TC-naïve adults and to determine the effects of short-term TC training on measures of cognitive function in healthy, nonsedentary adults. DESIGN A hybrid design including an observational comparison and a 2-arm randomized clinical trial (RCT). PARTICIPANTS Healthy, nonsedentary, TC-naive adults (50 y-79 y) and age-matched and gender-matched long-term TC experts. METHODS A cross-sectional comparison of cognitive function in healthy TC-naïve (n=60) and TC expert (24.5 y ÷ 12 y experience; n=27) adults: TC-naïve adults then completed a 6-month, 2-arm, wait-list randomized clinical trial of TC training. Six measures of cognitive function were assessed for both cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons. RESULTS TC experts exhibited trends towards better scores on all cognitive measures, significantly so for category fluency (P=.01), as well as a composite z score summarizing all 6 cognitive assessments (P=.03). In contrast, random assignment to 6 months of TC training in TC-naïve adults did not significantly improve any measures of cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS In healthy nonsedentary adults, long-term TC training may help preserve cognitive function; however, the effect of short-term TC training in healthy adults remains unclear. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01340365.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn N Walsh
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Ms Walsh)
| | - Brad Manor
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States (Dr Manor)
| | - Jeffrey Hausdorff
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (Dr Hausdorff)
| | - Vera Novak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States (Dr Novak)
| | - Lewis Lipsitz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States (Dr Lipsitz)
| | - Brian Gow
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Mr Gow)
| | - Eric A Macklin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States (Dr Macklin)
| | | | - Peter M Wayne
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Dr Wayne)
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Potential factors associated with perceived cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2015; 23:3219-28. [PMID: 25832894 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study was designed to explore potential factors associated with perceived cognitive impairment (PCI) in breast cancer survivors compared to controls and gain insight into perceived levels of severity for cognitive complaints. METHODS Women (N = 363, 317: breast cancer, 46: healthy controls) completed demographic questionnaire, MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, Attentional Function Index, and Functional Assessment for Cancer Therapy-Cognition. Group classification included pre-chemotherapy, current chemotherapy, and postchemotherapy (<1, >1- < 2, >2- < 5, >5 years). RESULTS A significant group effect was seen for PCI (F 6, 355 = 7.01, p < 0.0001). Controls reported less PCI than all other groups. Neuropathy was inversely correlated with PCI (r = -0.23; p < 0.0001) for participants with breast cancer. A significant association was demonstrated between exercise frequency and PCI in women exposed to chemotherapy (F 3, 135 = 3.78, p < 0.05). A multiple linear regression model built using forward selection methods explained 24 % of the variance (adjusted R (2)) for PCI in breast cancer participants and included group, body mass index (BMI), exercise, fatigue, and distress. Exercise frequency moderated the relationship between BMI and PCI for breast cancer participants (F 3, 198 = 2.4, p = 0.07) and reduced the negative effects of high BMI. The moderating effect of exercise was significant (F 3, 133 = 3.1, p = 0.03) when limited to participants exposed to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS PCI decreased for women >5 years postchemotherapy. Overweight survivors who exercised frequently reported less PCI than sedentary survivors. Study results provide support for a relationship between BMI and PCI in breast cancer survivors and exercise as a potential intervention for cognitive complaints. Further investigation of the influence of weight and exercise on cognitive function is warranted.
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Wefel JS, Kesler SR, Noll KR, Schagen SB. Clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and management of noncentral nervous system cancer-related cognitive impairment in adults. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:123-38. [PMID: 25483452 PMCID: PMC4355212 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Over the past few decades, a body of research has emerged confirming what many adult patients with noncentral nervous system cancer have long reported-that cancer and its treatment are frequently associated with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). The severity of CRCI varies, and symptoms can emerge early or late in the disease course. Nonetheless, CRCI is typically mild to moderate in nature and primarily involves the domains of memory, attention, executive functioning, and processing speed. Animal models and novel neuroimaging techniques have begun to unravel the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying CRCI, including the role of inflammatory cascades, direct neurotoxic effects, damage to progenitor cells, white matter abnormalities, and reduced functional connectivity, among others. Given the paucity of research on CRCI with other cancer populations, this review synthesizes the current literature with a deliberate focus on CRCI within the context of breast cancer. A hypothetical case-study approach is used to illustrate how CRCI often presents clinically and how current science can inform practice. While the literature regarding intervention for CRCI is nascent, behavioral and pharmacologic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Wefel
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Corresponding author: Jeffrey S. Wefel, PhD, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 431, Houston, TX 77030;
| | - Shelli R. Kesler
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kyle R. Noll
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sanne B. Schagen
- Associate Professor, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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