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Huang X, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Li Y. Ovarian Stimulation Altered Uterine Fluid Extracellular Vesicles miRNA Affecting Implantation in Rats. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1683-1694. [PMID: 38216776 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Uterine fluid (UF) extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNA may affect implantation and could be the potential biomarker of endometrial receptivity (ER). Ovarian stimulation (OS) could damage the ER but its mechanism is still unclear. Here, we evaluate the affections of OS on UF EV miRNA expression and implantation. Female rats were divided into three groups: natural cycle or injection with GnRH-a following HP-HMG or u-FSH. UF was collected on the 5th day of gestation. Affinity membrane columns were utilized to isolate EVs from UF, obtained during implantation flushing. The EV miRNAs were sequenced, and five of them were validated by qRT-PCR. HTR-8/Svneo cells were transfected with miR-223-3p mimic and inhibitor, followed by conducting colony formation, invasion, migration, and adhesion assays to assess the cellular functions. In OS groups, the implantation rate decreased (p < 0.05), and the pinopode was damaged in the OS groups. The EVs were isolated from UF, and the differential expression key miRNAs were involved in several regulation pathways, such as cancer, endocrine, and cell cycles, which were correlated with ER and implantation. Among the miRNAs, miR-223-5p greatly differed and was most consistent with the sequencing results, followed by miR-223-3p and miR-98-5P. miR-223-3p promoted HTR-8/SVneo cells grow and ability of invasion, migration, and adhesion. OS altered UF EVs miRNAs affecting implantation in rats, and miR-223-3p might be the key molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, NO.87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Shaukat A, Bakhtiari MH, Chaudhry DS, Khan MHF, Akhtar J, Abro AH, Haseeb MA, Sarwar A, Mazhar K, Umer Z, Tariq M. Mask exhibits trxG-like behavior and associates with H3K27ac marked chromatin. Dev Biol 2024; 505:130-140. [PMID: 37981061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The Trithorax group (trxG) proteins counteract the repressive effect of Polycomb group (PcG) complexes and maintain transcriptional memory of active states of key developmental genes. Although chromatin structure and modifications appear to play a fundamental role in this process, it is not clear how trxG prevents PcG-silencing and heritably maintains an active gene expression state. Here, we report a hitherto unknown role of Drosophila Multiple ankyrin repeats single KH domain (Mask), which emerged as one of the candidate trxG genes in our reverse genetic screen. The genome-wide binding profile of Mask correlates with known trxG binding sites across the Drosophila genome. In particular, the association of Mask at chromatin overlaps with CBP and H3K27ac, which are known hallmarks of actively transcribed genes by trxG. Importantly, Mask predominantly associates with actively transcribed genes in Drosophila. Depletion of Mask not only results in the downregulation of trxG targets but also correlates with diminished levels of H3K27ac. The fact that Mask positively regulates H3K27ac levels in flies was also found to be conserved in human cells. Strong suppression of Pc mutant phenotype by mutation in mask provides physiological relevance that Mask contributes to the anti-silencing effect of trxG, maintaining expression of key developmental genes. Since Mask is a downstream effector of multiple cell signaling pathways, we propose that Mask may connect cell signaling with chromatin mediated epigenetic cell memory governed by trxG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Shaukat
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Hussain Bakhtiari
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Daim Shiraz Chaudhry
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haider Farooq Khan
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Akhtar
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Hassan Abro
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Haseeb
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Aaminah Sarwar
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khalida Mazhar
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Zain Umer
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan.
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3
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Kofler M, Kapus A. Nuclear Import and Export of YAP and TAZ. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4956. [PMID: 37894323 PMCID: PMC10605228 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated Protein (YAP) and its paralog Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are major regulators of gene transcription/expression, primarily controlled by the Hippo pathway and the cytoskeleton. Integrating an array of chemical and mechanical signals, they impact growth, differentiation, and regeneration. Accordingly, they also play key roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Their activity is primarily regulated by their localization, that is, Hippo pathway- and/or cytoskeleton-controlled cytosolic or nuclear sequestration. While many details of such prevailing retention models have been elucidated, much less is known about their actual nuclear traffic: import and export. Although their size is not far from the cutoff for passive diffusion through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), and they do not contain any classic nuclear localization (NLS) or nuclear export signal (NES), evidence has been accumulating that their shuttling involves mediated and thus regulatable/targetable processes. The aim of this review is to summarize emerging information/concepts about their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, encompassing the relevant structural requirements (NLS, NES), nuclear transport receptors (NTRs, karyophererins), and NPC components, along with the potential transport mechanisms and their regulation. While dissecting retention vs. transport is often challenging, the emerging picture suggests that YAP/TAZ shuttles across the NPC via multiple, non-exclusive, mediated mechanisms, constituting a novel and intriguing facet of YAP/TAZ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kofler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
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4
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Mullenger JL, Zeidler MP, Fragiadaki M. Evaluating the Molecular Properties and Function of ANKHD1, and Its Role in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12834. [PMID: 37629022 PMCID: PMC10454556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and single KH domain-containing protein 1 (ANKHD1) is a large, scaffolding protein composed of two stretches of ankyrin repeat domains that mediate protein-protein interactions and a KH domain that mediates RNA or single-stranded DNA binding. ANKHD1 interacts with proteins in several crucial signalling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinase, JAK/STAT, mechanosensitive Hippo (YAP/TAZ), and p21. Studies into the role of ANKHD1 in cancer cell lines demonstrate a crucial role in driving uncontrolled cellular proliferation and growth, enhanced tumorigenicity, cell cycle progression through the S phase, and increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, at a clinical level, the increased expression of ANKHD1 has been associated with greater tumour infiltration, increased metastasis, and larger tumours. Elevated ANKHD1 resulted in poorer prognosis, more aggressive growth, and a decrease in patient survival in numerous cancer types. This review aims to gather the current knowledge about ANKHD1 and explore its molecular properties and functions, focusing on the protein's role in cancer at both a cellular and clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L. Mullenger
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK;
- Department of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Martin P. Zeidler
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- Department of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University London, London E1 4NS, UK
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5
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de Almeida BO, de Almeida LC, Costa-Lotufo LV, Machado-Neto JA. ANKHD1 contributes to the malignant phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1433-1446. [PMID: 35842770 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein 1, ANKHD1, has been identified as a regulator of signaling pathways and cellular processes of relevance in carcinogenesis. However, the role of ANKHD1 in breast cancer remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression pattern and involvement of ANKHD1 in the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cell lines and to investigate the clinical relevance of ANKHD1 in a breast cancer context. Gene and protein expressions were assessed in the cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively, and ANKHD1 silencing through siRNA transfection was conducted for further in vitro functional assays. The expression of ANKHD1 was identified in non-tumorigenic breast epithelium and breast cancer cell lines, but differences in cellular localization were found among the neoplasia subtypes. ANKHD1 silencing reduced the viability, clonogenicity, and migration of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that patients with triple-negative basal-like 2 and mesenchymal breast cancer subtypes had high ANKHD1 expression associated with poor recurrence-free survival. Therefore, these data indicate that ANKHD1 relevance in breast cancer varies among its subtypes, indicating the importance of ANKHD1 in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna O de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa C de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia V Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João A Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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García-García M, Sánchez-Perales S, Jarabo P, Calvo E, Huyton T, Fu L, Ng SC, Sotodosos-Alonso L, Vázquez J, Casas-Tintó S, Görlich D, Echarri A, Del Pozo MA. Mechanical control of nuclear import by Importin-7 is regulated by its dominant cargo YAP. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1174. [PMID: 35246520 PMCID: PMC8897400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces regulate multiple essential pathways in the cell. The nuclear translocation of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators is an essential step for mechanotransduction. However, how mechanical forces regulate the nuclear import process is not understood. Here, we identify a highly mechanoresponsive nuclear transport receptor (NTR), Importin-7 (Imp7), that drives the nuclear import of YAP, a key regulator of mechanotransduction pathways. Unexpectedly, YAP governs the mechanoresponse of Imp7 by forming a YAP/Imp7 complex that responds to mechanical cues through the Hippo kinases MST1/2. Furthermore, YAP behaves as a dominant cargo of Imp7, restricting the Imp7 binding and the nuclear translocation of other Imp7 cargoes such as Smad3 and Erk2. Thus, the nuclear import process is an additional regulatory layer indirectly regulated by mechanical cues, which activate a preferential Imp7 cargo, YAP, which competes out other cargoes, resulting in signaling crosstalk. The translation of mechanical cues into gene expression changes is dependent on the nuclear import of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here the authors identify that Importin-7 drives the nuclear import of one such regulator YAP while YAP then controls Importin-7 response to mechanical cues and restricts Importin-7 binding to other cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-García
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-Perales
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Jarabo
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avda. Doctor Arce, 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Proteomics Unit. Area of Vascular Physiopathology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Trevor Huyton
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Liran Fu
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sheung Chun Ng
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Sotodosos-Alonso
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Proteomics Unit. Area of Vascular Physiopathology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dirk Görlich
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Asier Echarri
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Tian X. Enhancing mask activity in dopaminergic neurons extends lifespan in flies. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13493. [PMID: 34626525 PMCID: PMC8590106 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons (DANs) are essential modulators for brain functions involving memory formation, reward processing, and decision‐making. Here I demonstrate a novel and important function of the DANs in regulating aging and longevity. Overexpressing the putative scaffolding protein Mask in two small groups of DANs in flies can significantly extend the lifespan in flies and sustain adult locomotor and fecundity at old ages. This Mask‐induced beneficial effect requires dopaminergic transmission but cannot be recapitulated by elevating dopamine production alone in the DANs. Independent activation of Gαs in the same two groups of DANs via the drug‐inducible DREADD system also extends fly lifespan, further indicating the connection of specific DANs to aging control. The Mask‐induced lifespan extension appears to depend on the function of Mask to regulate microtubule (MT) stability. A structure–function analysis demonstrated that the ankyrin repeats domain in the Mask protein is both necessary for regulating MT stability (when expressed in muscles and motor neurons) and sufficient to prolong longevity (when expressed in the two groups of DANs). Furthermore, DAN‐specific overexpression of Unc‐104 or knockdown of p150Glued, two independent interventions previously shown to impact MT dynamics, also extends lifespan in flies. Together, these data demonstrated a novel DANs‐dependent mechanism that, upon the tuning of their MT dynamics, modulates systemic aging and longevity in flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Tian
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans Louisiana USA
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8
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Martinez D, Zhu M, Guidry JJ, Majeste N, Mao H, Yanofsky ST, Tian X, Wu C. Mask, the Drosophila ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein, affects microtubule stability. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272264. [PMID: 34553767 PMCID: PMC8572007 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of microtubule (MT) stability and dynamics is vital for essential cellular processes, including axonal transportation and synaptic growth and remodeling in neurons. In the present study, we demonstrate that the Drosophila ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein Mask negatively affects MT stability in both larval muscles and motor neurons. In larval muscles, loss-of-function of mask increases MT polymer length, and in motor neurons, loss of mask function results in overexpansion of the presynaptic terminal at the larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). mask genetically interacts with stathmin (stai), a neuronal modulator of MT stability, in the regulation of axon transportation and synaptic terminal stability. Our structure–function analysis of Mask revealed that its ankyrin repeats domain-containing N-terminal portion is sufficient to mediate Mask's impact on MT stability. Furthermore, we discovered that Mask negatively regulates the abundance of the MT-associated protein Jupiter in motor neuron axons, and that neuronal knocking down of Jupiter partially suppresses mask loss-of-function phenotypes at the larval NMJs. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that Mask is a novel regulator for MT stability, and such a role of Mask requires normal function of Jupiter. Summary: Mask is a novel regulator of MT stability in Drosophila. Mask shows prominent interplay with two important modulators of MT, Tau and Stathmin (Stai), whose mutations are related to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martinez
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jessie J Guidry
- Proteomics Core Facility, and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Niles Majeste
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sarah T Yanofsky
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chunlai Wu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Pojer JM, Manning SA, Kroeger B, Kondo S, Harvey KF. The Hippo pathway uses different machinery to control cell fate and organ size. iScience 2021; 24:102830. [PMID: 34355153 PMCID: PMC8322298 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling network that regulates organ growth and cell fate. One such cell fate decision is that of R8 photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila eye, where Hippo specifies whether cells sense blue or green light. We show that only a subset of proteins that control organ growth via the Hippo pathway also regulate R8 cell fate choice, including the STRIPAK complex, Tao, Pez, and 14-3-3 proteins. Furthermore, key Hippo pathway proteins were primarily cytoplasmic in R8 cells rather than localized to specific membrane domains, as in cells of growing epithelial organs. Additionally, Warts was the only Hippo pathway protein to be differentially expressed between R8 subtypes, while central Hippo pathway proteins were expressed at dramatically lower levels in adult and pupal eyes than in growing larval eyes. Therefore, we reveal several important differences in Hippo signaling in the contexts of organ growth and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Pojer
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Samuel A. Manning
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kroeger
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shu Kondo
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kieran F. Harvey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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10
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Kwon H, Kim J, Jho EH. Role of the Hippo pathway and mechanisms for controlling cellular localization of YAP/TAZ. FEBS J 2021; 289:5798-5818. [PMID: 34173335 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a crucial signaling mechanism that inhibits the growth of cells and organs during development and in disease. When the Hippo pathway is activated, YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators are phosphorylated by upstream kinases, preventing nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ. However, when the Hippo pathway is inhibited, YAP/TAZ localize mainly in the nucleus and induce the expression of target genes related to cell proliferation. Abnormal proliferation of cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer initiation, and activation of Hippo pathway dampens such cell proliferation. Various types of diseases including cancer can occur due to the dysregulation of the Hippo pathway. Therefore, a better understanding of the Hippo pathway signaling mechanisms, and in particular how YAP/TAZ exist in the nucleus, may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for treating cancer and other diseases. In this review, we summarize the overall Hippo pathway and discuss mechanisms related to nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryun Kwon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
| | - Eek-Hoon Jho
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
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Chopra M, McEntagart M, Clayton-Smith J, Platzer K, Shukla A, Girisha KM, Kaur A, Kaur P, Pfundt R, Veenstra-Knol H, Mancini GM, Cappuccio G, Brunetti-Pierri N, Kortüm F, Hempel M, Denecke J, Lehman A, Kleefstra T, Stuurman KE, Wilke M, Thompson ML, Bebin EM, Bijlsma EK, Hoffer MJ, Peeters-Scholte C, Slavotinek A, Weiss WA, Yip T, Hodoglugil U, Whittle A, diMonda J, Neira J, Yang S, Kirby A, Pinz H, Lechner R, Sleutels F, Helbig I, McKeown S, Helbig K, Willaert R, Juusola J, Semotok J, Hadonou M, Short J, Yachelevich N, Lala S, Fernández-Jaen A, Pelayo JP, Klöckner C, Kamphausen SB, Abou Jamra R, Arelin M, Innes AM, Niskakoski A, Amin S, Williams M, Evans J, Smithson S, Smedley D, de Burca A, Kini U, Delatycki MB, Gallacher L, Yeung A, Pais L, Field M, Martin E, Charles P, Courtin T, Keren B, Iascone M, Cereda A, Poke G, Abadie V, Chalouhi C, Parthasarathy P, Halliday BJ, Robertson SP, Lyonnet S, Amiel J, Gordon CT, Amiel J, Gordon CT. Heterozygous ANKRD17 loss-of-function variants cause a syndrome with intellectual disability, speech delay, and dysmorphism. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1138-1150. [PMID: 33909992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ANKRD17 is an ankyrin repeat-containing protein thought to play a role in cell cycle progression, whose ortholog in Drosophila functions in the Hippo pathway as a co-factor of Yorkie. Here, we delineate a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by de novo heterozygous ANKRD17 variants. The mutational spectrum of this cohort of 34 individuals from 32 families is highly suggestive of haploinsufficiency as the underlying mechanism of disease, with 21 truncating or essential splice site variants, 9 missense variants, 1 in-frame insertion-deletion, and 1 microdeletion (1.16 Mb). Consequently, our data indicate that loss of ANKRD17 is likely the main cause of phenotypes previously associated with large multi-gene chromosomal aberrations of the 4q13.3 region. Protein modeling suggests that most of the missense variants disrupt the stability of the ankyrin repeats through alteration of core structural residues. The major phenotypic characteristic of our cohort is a variable degree of developmental delay/intellectual disability, particularly affecting speech, while additional features include growth failure, feeding difficulties, non-specific MRI abnormalities, epilepsy and/or abnormal EEG, predisposition to recurrent infections (mostly bacterial), ophthalmological abnormalities, gait/balance disturbance, and joint hypermobility. Moreover, many individuals shared similar dysmorphic facial features. Analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data from the developing human telencephalon indicated ANKRD17 expression at multiple stages of neurogenesis, adding further evidence to the assertion that damaging ANKRD17 variants cause a neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeanne Amiel
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), and Institut Imagine, Paris 75015, France; Laboratory of embryology and genetics of human malformations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Christopher T Gordon
- Laboratory of embryology and genetics of human malformations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France.
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12
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Lv HW, Xing WQ, Ba YF, Li HM, Wang HR, Li Y. SMYD3 confers cisplatin chemoresistance of NSCLC cells in an ANKHD1-dependent manner. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101075. [PMID: 33773404 PMCID: PMC8027902 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-regulated SMYD3 correlates with worse prognosis and controls DDP resistance of NSCLC. ANKHD1 interacts with and is essential for SMYD3-induced DDP resistance. CDK2 is identified to be a downstream effector of SMYD3-ANKHD1 in NSCLC. SMYD3-ANKHD1 critically regulates the growth DDP-resistant NSCLC cells in vivo.
Background Cisplatin (DDP) remains the backbone of chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet its clinical efficacy is limited by DDP resistance. We aim to investigate the role of the SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) in DDP resistance of NSCLC. Methods Expression pattern of SMYD3 was determined in NSCLC tissues using qRT-PCR, which also validated its correlation with NSCLC clinicopathological stages. Impacts of SMYD3 on DDP resistance were evaluated by knocking down SMYD3 in DDP-resistant cells and overexpressing it in DDP-sensitive cells, and assessed for several phenotypes: IC50 by MTT, long-term proliferation by colony formation, apoptosis and cell-cycle distribution by flow cytometry. The interaction between Ankyrin Repeat and KH Domain Containing 1 (ANKHD1) and SMYD3 was examined by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. The transcriptional regulation of SMYD3 on cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) promoter regions was confirmed using chromatin-immunoprecipitation. The in vivo experiments using DDP-resistant cells with altered SMYD3 and ANKHD1 expression were further performed to verify the SMYD3/ANKHD1 axis. Results Highly expressed SMYD3 was observed in NSCLC tissues or cells, acted as a sensitive indicator for NSCLC, correlated with higher TNM stages or resistant to DDP treatment, and shorter overall survival. The promotion of SMYD3 on DDP resistance requires co-regulator, ANKHD1. CDK2 was identified as a downstream effector. In vivo, SMYD3 knockdown inhibited the growth of DDP-resistant NSCLC cells, which was abolished by ANKHD1 overexpression. Conclusions SMYD3 confers NSCLC cells chemoresistance to DDP in an ANKHD1-dependent manner, providing novel therapeutic targets to overcome DDP resistance in NSCLC .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qun Xing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Ba
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Miao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Almeida BOD, Machado-Neto JA. Emerging functions for ANKHD1 in cancer-related signaling pathways and cellular processes. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 32635985 PMCID: PMC7473474 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.8.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ANKHD1 (ankyrin repeat and KH domain containing 1) is a large protein characterized by the presence of multiple ankyrin repeats and a K-homology domain. Ankyrin repeat domains consist of widely existing protein motifs in nature, they mediate protein-protein interactions and regulate fundamental biological processes, while the KH domain binds to RNA or ssDNA and is associated with transcriptional and translational regulation. In recent years, studies containing relevant information on ANKHD1 in cancer biology and its clinical relevance, as well as the increasing complexity of signaling networks in which this protein acts, have been reported. Among the signaling pathways of interest in oncology regulated by ANKHD1 are Hippo signaling, JAK/STAT, and STMN1. The scope of the present review is to survey the current knowledge and high-light future perspectives for ANKHD1 in the malignant phenotype of cancer cells, exploring biological, functional, and clinical reports of this protein in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Oliveira de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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14
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de Almeida BO, Machado-Neto JA. Emerging functions for ANKHD1 in cancer-related signaling pathways and cellular processes. BMB Rep 2020; 53:413-418. [PMID: 32635985 PMCID: PMC7473474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
ANKHD1 (ankyrin repeat and KH domain containing 1) is a large protein characterized by the presence of multiple ankyrin repeats and a K-homology domain. Ankyrin repeat domains consist of widely existing protein motifs in nature, they mediate protein-protein interactions and regulate fundamental biological processes, while the KH domain binds to RNA or ssDNA and is associated with transcriptional and translational regulation. In recent years, studies containing relevant information on ANKHD1 in cancer biology and its clinical relevance, as well as the increasing complexity of signaling networks in which this protein acts, have been reported. Among the signaling pathways of interest in oncology regulated by ANKHD1 are Hippo signaling, JAK/STAT, and STMN1. The scope of the present review is to survey the current knowledge and highlight future perspectives for ANKHD1 in the malignant phenotype of cancer cells, exploring biological, functional, and clinical reports of this protein in cancer. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(8): 413-418].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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15
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SHANK2 is a frequently amplified oncogene with evolutionarily conserved roles in regulating Hippo signaling. Protein Cell 2020; 12:174-193. [PMID: 32661924 PMCID: PMC7895894 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00742-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the Hippo pathway enables cells to evade contact inhibition and provides advantages for cancerous overgrowth. However, for a significant portion of human cancer, how Hippo signaling is perturbed remains unknown. To answer this question, we performed a genome-wide screening for genes that affect the Hippo pathway in Drosophila and cross-referenced the hit genes with human cancer genome. In our screen, Prosap was identified as a novel regulator of the Hippo pathway that potently affects tissue growth. Interestingly, a mammalian homolog of Prosap, SHANK2, is the most frequently amplified gene on 11q13, a major tumor amplicon in human cancer. Gene amplification profile in this 11q13 amplicon clearly indicates selective pressure for SHANK2 amplification. More importantly, across the human cancer genome, SHANK2 is the most frequently amplified gene that is not located within the Myc amplicon. Further studies in multiple human cell lines confirmed that SHANK2 overexpression causes deregulation of Hippo signaling through competitive binding for a LATS1 activator, and as a potential oncogene, SHANK2 promotes cellular transformation and tumor formation in vivo. In cancer cell lines with deregulated Hippo pathway, depletion of SHANK2 restores Hippo signaling and ceases cellular proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that SHANK2 is an evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway regulator, commonly amplified in human cancer and potently promotes cancer. Our study for the first time illustrated oncogenic function of SHANK2, one of the most frequently amplified gene in human cancer. Furthermore, given that in normal adult tissues, SHANK2’s expression is largely restricted to the nervous system, SHANK2 may represent an interesting target for anticancer therapy.
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16
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Elster D, von Eyss B. Hippo signaling in regeneration and aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 189:111280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Dhyani A, Favaro P, Olalla Saad ST. ANKHD1 is an S phase protein required for histone synthesis and DNA repair in multiple myeloma cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 84:102460. [PMID: 32562952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ANKHD1 is highly expressed in various cancers such as leukemia and multiple myeloma. Silencing of ANKHD1 expression leads to decreased cell proliferation and accumulation of cells at the S phase. In this study we found ANKHD1 expression to be higher at the S phase, suggesting it to be an S phase protein. We observed that ANKHD1 interacts with histone promoter regions and its inhibition downregulates expression of all core histones, implying a role in histone synthesis. Since histone synthesis occurs in parallel with DNA replication at S phase, we evaluated PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) expression, a protein involved in DNA replication and repair. PCNA expression was found to be significantly decreased in ANKHD1 silenced cells. We further observed accumulation γH2AX, a marker for DNA double stranded breaks and an early sign of DNA damage induced by replication stress, upon ANKHD1 silencing. The expressions of several genes implicated in DNA repair were also modulated in ANKHD1 silenced cells, confirming the role of ANKHD1 in DNA repair. Based on this study we speculate that ANKHD1 is an S phase protein required for histone synthesis and DNA repair. These results however, are preliminary and require thorough investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Dhyani
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Favaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara T Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, Brazil
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18
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DeAngelis MW, McGhie EW, Coolon JD, Johnson RI. Mask, a component of the Hippo pathway, is required for Drosophila eye morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2020; 464:53-70. [PMID: 32464117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hippo signaling is an important regulator of tissue size, but it also has a lesser-known role in tissue morphogenesis. Here we use the Drosophila pupal eye to explore the role of the Hippo effector Yki and its cofactor Mask in morphogenesis. We found that Mask is required for the correct distribution and accumulation of adherens junctions and appropriate organization of the cytoskeleton. Accordingly, disrupting mask expression led to severe mis-patterning and similar defects were observed when yki was reduced or in response to ectopic wts. Further, the patterning defects generated by reducing mask expression were modified by Hippo pathway activity. RNA-sequencing revealed a requirement for Mask for appropriate expression of numerous genes during eye morphogenesis. These included genes implicated in cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, a comprehensive set of genes that promote cell survival, and numerous signal transduction genes. To validate our transcriptome analyses, we then considered two loci that were modified by Mask activity: FER and Vinc, which have established roles in regulating adhesion. Modulating the expression of either locus modified mask mis-patterning and adhesion phenotypes. Further, expression of FER and Vinc was modified by Yki. It is well-established that the Hippo pathway is responsive to changes in cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton, but our data indicate that Hippo signaling also regulates these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles W DeAngelis
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Emily W McGhie
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Joseph D Coolon
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Ruth I Johnson
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
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19
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Yang C, Zheng J, Liu X, Xue Y, He Q, Dong Y, Wang D, Li Z, Liu L, Ma J, Cai H, Liu Y. Role of ANKHD1/LINC00346/ZNF655 Feedback Loop in Regulating the Glioma Angiogenesis via Staufen1-Mediated mRNA Decay. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:866-878. [PMID: 32464549 PMCID: PMC7256448 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis. Glioma is characterized by abundant angiogenesis. Herein, we investigated the expression and function of LINC00346 in the regulation of glioma angiogenesis. The present study first demonstrated that ANKHD1 (ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein 1) and LINC00346 were significantly increased in glioma-associated endothelial cells (GECs), whereas ZNF655 (zinc finger protein 655) was decreased in GECs. Meanwhile, ANKHD1 inhibition, LINC00346 inhibition, or ZNF655 overexpression impeded angiogenesis of GECs. Moreover, ANKHD1 targeted LINC00346 and enhanced the stability of LINC00346. In addition, LINC00346 bound to ZNF655 mRNA through their Alu elements so that LINC00346 facilitated the degradation of ZNF655 mRNA via a STAU1 (Staufen1)-mediated mRNA decay (SMD) mechanism. Futhermore, ZNF655 targeted the promoter region of ANKHD1 and formed an ANKHD1/LINC00346/ZNF655 feedback loop that regulated glioma angiogenesis. Finally, knockdown of ANKHD1 and LINC00346, combined with overexpression of ZNF655, resulted in a significant decrease in new vessels and hemoglobin content in vivo. The results identified an ANKHD1/LINC00346/ZNF655 feedback loop in the regulation of glioma angiogenesis that may provide new targets and strategies for targeted therapy against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qianru He
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Heng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China.
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20
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Liu XF, Han Q, Rong XZ, Yang M, Han YC, Yu JH, Lin XY. ANKHD1 promotes proliferation and invasion of non‑small‑cell lung cancer cells via regulating YAP oncoprotein expression and inactivating the Hippo pathway. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1175-1185. [PMID: 32319569 PMCID: PMC7115354 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ankyrin repeat and KH domain‑containing 1 (ANKHD1) protein was recently reported to be a potential member of the Hippo signaling pathway. However, its role in human non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been extensively investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of ANKHD1 in primary human tissues and cells and determine whether it is correlated with the clinical characteristics of tumor growth. The biological functions of ANKHD1 were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Yes‑associated protein (YAP) expression and phosphorylation induced by ANKHD1 were evaluated by western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Marked upregulation of ANKHD1 protein expression was observed in NSCLC cells and tissues, which was associated with advanced pathological tumor‑node‑metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. ANKHD1 overexpression also promoted the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells. ANKHD1 upregulation inactivated Hippo signaling via increasing YAP protein levels, as well as inhibiting YAP protein phosphorylation, whereas depletion of YAP abolished the effects of ANKHD1 on cell proliferation and invasion. Therefore, ANKHD1 may play an important role in NSCLC through regulating the YAP‑dependent Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
| | - Xue-Zhu Rong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
| | - Yu-Chen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Juan-Han Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
| | - Xu-Yong Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001
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21
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Liu J, Li X, Wang X. Toxicological effects of ciprofloxacin exposure to Drosophila melanogaster. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124542. [PMID: 31549655 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of ciprofloxacin (CIP) may cause serious side effects and the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Here, we determinate the 48 h, 72 h and 96 h LC50 values of CIP to Drosophila melanogaster and demonstrate a series of adverse effects after D. melanogaster was exposed to CIP at a sublethal concentration (3.2 mg mL-1). Treated individuals showed shorter lifespan, delayed development and many of the treated larvae failed to pupate or hatch. Smaller body size was observed at every life stage when exposed to CIP and the size of pupae, the weight of third-instar larvae exhibited a perfectly dose-response relationship that the larger concentration exposed to, the smaller body size or lighter weight is. Moreover, reduction in fat body cell viability, elevated oxidative stress markers (SOD and CAT) and down-regulation of diap1, ex, two target genes of Yorkie (Yki), was observed in response to CIP exposure. Most importantly, we found two types of black spot in Drosophila and the proportion of larvae with a black spot was positively related to the treatment dose, which is new in the field. This study provides a scientific basis for the potential harm caused by abuse of quinolones with the goal of urging cautious use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China.
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Sidor C, Borreguero-Munoz N, Fletcher GC, Elbediwy A, Guillermin O, Thompson BJ. Mask family proteins ANKHD1 and ANKRD17 regulate YAP nuclear import and stability. eLife 2019; 8:e48601. [PMID: 31661072 PMCID: PMC6861002 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mask family proteins were discovered in Drosophila to promote the activity of the transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki), the sole fly homolog of mammalian YAP (YAP1) and TAZ (WWTR1). The molecular function of Mask, or its mammalian homologs Mask1 (ANKHD1) and Mask2 (ANKRD17), remains unclear. Mask family proteins contain two ankyrin repeat domains that bind Yki/YAP as well as a conserved nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) and nuclear export sequence (NES), suggesting a role in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. Here we show that Mask acts to promote nuclear import of Yki, and that addition of an ectopic NLS to Yki is sufficient to bypass the requirement for Mask in Yki-driven tissue growth. Mammalian Mask1/2 proteins also promote nuclear import of YAP, as well as stabilising YAP and driving formation of liquid droplets. Mask1/2 and YAP normally colocalise in a granular fashion in both nucleus and cytoplasm, and are co-regulated during mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sidor
- Epithelial Biology LaboratoryFrancis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ahmed Elbediwy
- Epithelial Biology LaboratoryFrancis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Oriane Guillermin
- Epithelial Biology LaboratoryFrancis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Barry J Thompson
- Epithelial Biology LaboratoryFrancis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
- EMBL Australia, ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsJohn Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
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23
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Kitamata M, Hanawa-Suetsugu K, Maruyama K, Suetsugu S. Membrane-Deformation Ability of ANKHD1 Is Involved in the Early Endosome Enlargement. iScience 2019; 17:101-118. [PMID: 31255983 PMCID: PMC6606961 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankyrin-repeat domains (ARDs) are conserved in large numbers of proteins. ARDs are composed of various numbers of ankyrin repeats (ANKs). ARDs often adopt curved structures reminiscent of the Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain, which is the dimeric scaffold for membrane tubulation. BAR domains sometimes have amphipathic helices for membrane tubulation and vesiculation. However, it is unclear whether ARD-containing proteins exhibit similar membrane deformation properties. We found that the ARD of ANK and KH domain-containing protein 1 (ANKHD1) dimerize and deform membranes into tubules and vesicles. Among 25 ANKs of ANKHD1, the first 15 ANKs can form a dimer and the latter 10 ANKs enable membrane tubulation and vesiculation through an adjacent amphipathic helix and a predicted curved structure with a positively charged surface, analogous to BAR domains. Knockdown and localization of ANKHD1 suggested its involvement in the negative regulation of early endosome enlargement owing to its membrane vesiculation. ANKHD1 is a large protein of 270 kDa, containing 25 ankyrin repeats ANKHD1 generates membrane tubules and vesicles by its ankyrin-repeat domain (ARD). The ARD has an amphipathic helix and a predicted curved structure, like BAR domains ANKHD1 negatively regulates early endosome enlargement by its vesiculation ability
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kitamata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hanawa-Suetsugu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kohei Maruyama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shiro Suetsugu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan.
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24
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Zhou Z, Jiang H, Tu K, Yu W, Zhang J, Hu Z, Zhang H, Hao D, Huang P, Wang J, Wang A, Xiao Z, He C. ANKHD1 is required for SMYD3 to promote tumor metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:18. [PMID: 30646949 PMCID: PMC6332640 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-1011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumor metastasis is the major reason for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after hepatic resection. SMYD3 has been demonstrated to promote liver tumor metastasis in mice. However, the detailed molecular mechanism is still largely unknown. Methods The effect of SMYD3 on invasiveness and metastasis of HCC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, migration assay, invasion assay, wound healing assay and in vivo lung metastasis assay. Mass spectrometry analysis was conducted using proteins pulled down by H3K4me3 antibody in SMYD3-overexpressing cells. Luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Electrophoretic mobility shift assay were used to measure the regulation of SLUG transcription by SMYD3-ANKHD1. In addition, the role of SMYD3-ANKHD1 in determining clinical outcomes for HCC patients was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 243 HCC tissues. Results SMYD3 was an independent prognostic factor of HCC and promoted migration and invasion of human HCC cells. ANKHD1 was identified by mass spectrometry as a co-regulator with SMYD3. ANKHD1 interacted with H3K4me3 when cells were overexpressing SMYD3. The pro-migratory and pro-invasive effects of SMYD3 were attenuated when ANKHD1 was knocked down by siRNA. Furthermore, we found that SMYD3 bound and activated the SLUG gene promoter in a manner associated with elevating H3K4me3, H3K9Ac and H3K14Ac. Knockdown of ANKHD1 could attenuate the SMYD3-dependent activation of Slug expression. We further detected the expression of SMYD3 and ANKHD1 in 243 HCC patients and found that patients with positive coexpression of SMYD3 and ANKHD1 (SMYD3+ANKHD1+) had the shortest overall and recurrence-free survival. Conclusion Our findings provide a novel molecular mechanism for the SMYD3-regulated HCC migration and metastasis, and indicates that SMYD3-ANKHD1 may be a potential target for treating HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-1011-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, 710061, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Heyun Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Dake Hao
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Research II, Suite 3005, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Pinbo Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Research II, Suite 3005, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Zhiyu Xiao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China.
| | - Chuanchao He
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 33 Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510289, China.
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25
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Abstract
The Hippo Pathway comprises a vast network of components that integrate diverse signals including mechanical cues and cell surface or cell-surface-associated molecules to define cellular outputs of growth, proliferation, cell fate, and cell survival on both the cellular and tissue level. Because of the importance of the regulators, core components, and targets of this pathway in human health and disease, individual components were often identified by efforts in mammalian models or for a role in a specific process such as stress response or cell death. However, multiple components were originally discovered in the Drosophila system, and the breakthrough of conceiving that these components worked together in a signaling pathway came from a series of Drosophila genetic screens and fundamental genetic and phenotypic characterization efforts. In this chapter, we will review the original discoveries leading to the conceptual framework of these components as a tumor suppressor network. We will review chronologically the early efforts that established our initial understanding of the core machinery that then launched the growing and vibrant field to be discussed throughout later chapters of this book.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rewatee Gokhale
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cathie M Pfleger
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Yao P, Li Y, Shen W, Xu X, Zhu W, Yang X, Cao J, Xing C. ANKHD1 silencing suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells by inhibiting YAP1-induced activation of EMT. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2311-2324. [PMID: 30555746 PMCID: PMC6291657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and KH domain containing 1 (ANKHD1) is a protein with multiple ankyrin repeat domains and a single KH domain, and it is encoded by the ANKHD1 gene in humans. ANKHD1 has been reported to be highly expressed in various cancer tissues, and it is involved in cancer progression, including proliferation and invasion. However, its functional roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. In our study, we first found that high expression of ANKHD1 in CRC tumor tissue was associated with tumor infiltration depth (P=0.03). ANKHD1 was highly expressed in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Downregulation of ANKHD1 inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. ANKHD1 silencing inhibited the expression of MMP2, MMP9, the mesenchymal marker vimentin, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factors Snail and ZEB1, while increasing the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin. As a cofactor of YAP1 in the Hippo signaling pathway, ANKHD1 silencing reduced the expression and increased the phosphorylation of YAP1. Moreover, the phosphorylation of AKT was inhibited when ANKHD1 was knocked down. The mechanism study revealed that the effect of ANKHD1 might be associated with the expression of YAP1 and that AKT signaling and EMT played crucial roles in this process. Overexpression of YAP1 reversed the effect of ANKHD1 silencing on CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, these findings suggest that ANKHD1 might act as a novel regulator that promotes CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by activating EMT via YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping’an Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yecheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Wenqi Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
- State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
- State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Chungen Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
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27
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Wu R, Yang H, Wan J, Deng X, Chen L, Hao S, Ma L. Knockdown of the Hippo transducer YAP reduces proliferation and promotes apoptosis in the Jurkat leukemia cell. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5379-5388. [PMID: 30320399 PMCID: PMC6236312 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma are common hematological malignancies in children and young adults, which pose a tremendous threat to the survival of these young patients worldwide, despite availability of various effective treatments. The Hippo pathway is a novel-signaling pathway that regulates organ size, cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. The chief component of this pathway is the transducer yes-associated protein (YAP) which is over-expressed in numerous categories of tumors. However, little is known about the effect of YAP in hematological malignancies. In the present study, YAP expression was screened in several leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, and high YAP expression was demonstrated in Jurkat cells. To further unravel its effect on the biological behavior of Jurkat cells, lentivirus transduced short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technique was used to silence YAP. As expected, the YAP-specific shRNA dramatically inhibited YAP expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Reduced leukemia cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis were demonstrated in YAP knockdown Jurkat cells. It was also demonstrated that YAP knockdown resulted in deregulated expression of a cluster of downstream genes crucial to cell proliferation or apoptosis, including protein kinase B, B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2 like protein 1. Consequently, the results of the present study established that suppression of YAP expression serves an important role in Jurkat cell proliferation and apoptosis, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wu
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jiangbo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Deng
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Linjun Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Siguo Hao
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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28
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Fisher KH, Fragiadaki M, Pugazhendhi D, Bausek N, Arredondo MA, Thomas SJ, Brown S, Zeidler MP. A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies MASK as a positive regulator of cytokine receptor stability. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209551. [PMID: 29848658 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine receptors often act via the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway to form a signalling cascade that is essential for processes such as haematopoiesis, immune responses and tissue homeostasis. In order to transduce ligand activation, cytokine receptors must dimerise. However, mechanisms regulating their dimerisation are poorly understood. In order to better understand the processes regulating cytokine receptor levels, and their activity and dimerisation, we analysed the highly conserved JAK/STAT pathway in Drosophila, which acts via a single receptor, known as Domeless. We performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in Drosophila cells, identifying MASK as a positive regulator of Domeless dimerisation and protein levels. We show that MASK is able to regulate receptor levels and JAK/STAT signalling both in vitro and in vivo We also show that its human homologue, ANKHD1, is also able to regulate JAK/STAT signalling and the levels of a subset of pathway receptors in human cells. Taken together, our results identify MASK as a novel regulator of cytokine receptor levels, and suggest functional conservation, which may have implications for human health.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Fisher
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Dhamayanthi Pugazhendhi
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nina Bausek
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria A Arredondo
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Sally J Thomas
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- The Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Martin P Zeidler
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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29
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Fragiadaki M, Zeidler MP. Ankyrin repeat and single KH domain 1 (ANKHD1) drives renal cancer cell proliferation via binding to and altering a subset of miRNAs. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9570-9579. [PMID: 29695508 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most common kidney cancer worldwide. Increased cell proliferation associated with abnormal microRNA (miRNA) regulation are hallmarks of carcinogenesis. Ankyrin repeat and single KH domain 1 (ANKHD1) is a highly conserved protein found to interact with core cancer pathways in Drosophila; however, its involvement in RCC is completely unexplored. Quantitative PCR studies coupled with large-scale genomics data sets demonstrated that ANKHD1 is significantly up-regulated in kidneys of RCC patients when compared with healthy controls. Cell cycle analysis revealed that ANKHD1 is an essential factor for RCC cell division. To understand the molecular mechanism(s) utilized by ANKHD1 to drive proliferation, we performed bioinformatics analyses that revealed that ANKHD1 contains a putative miRNA-binding motif. We screened 48 miRNAs with tumor-enhancing or -suppressing activities and found that ANKHD1 binds to and regulates three tumor-suppressing miRNAs (i.e. miR-29a, miR-205, and miR-196a). RNA-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that ANKHD1 physically interacts with its target miRNAs via a single K-homology domain, located in the C terminus of the protein. Functionally, we discovered that ANKHD1 positively drives ccRCC cell mitosis via binding to and suppressing mainly miR-29a and to a lesser degree via miR-196a/205, leading to up-regulation in proliferative genes such as CCDN1. Collectively, these data identify ANKHD1 as a new regulator of ccRCC proliferation via specific miRNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fragiadaki
- From the Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom and .,the Bateson Centre, Departments of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Martin P Zeidler
- the Bateson Centre, Departments of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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30
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Fulford A, Tapon N, Ribeiro PS. Upstairs, downstairs: spatial regulation of Hippo signalling. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 51:22-32. [PMID: 29154163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signalling lies at the heart of every decision involved in the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms. The Hippo pathway was discovered nearly two decades ago through seminal work in Drosophila and rapidly emerged as a crucial signalling network implicated in developmental and oncogenic growth, tissue regeneration and stem cell biology. Here, we review recent advances in the field relating to the upstream regulation of Hippo signalling and the intracellular tug-of-war that tightly controls its main target, the transcriptional co-activator Yorkie/YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Fulford
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicolas Tapon
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Paulo S Ribeiro
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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31
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Zhu M, Zhang S, Tian X, Wu C. Mask mitigates MAPT- and FUS-induced degeneration by enhancing autophagy through lysosomal acidification. Autophagy 2017; 13:1924-1938. [PMID: 28806139 PMCID: PMC5788473 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1362524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of intracellular misfolded or damaged proteins is associated with both normal aging and late-onset degenerative diseases. Two cellular clearance mechanisms, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosomal pathway, work in concert to degrade harmful protein aggregates and maintain protein homeostasis. Here we show that Mask, an Ankyrin-repeat and KH-domain containing protein, plays a key role in promoting autophagy flux and mitigating degeneration caused by protein aggregation or impaired UPS function. In Drosophila eye models of human tauopathy or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases, loss of Mask function enhanced, while gain of Mask function mitigated, eye degenerations induced by eye-specific expression of human pathogenic MAPT/TAU or FUS proteins. The fly larval muscle, a more accessible tissue, was then used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms in vivo. We found that Mask modulates the global abundance of K48- and K63-ubiquitinated proteins by regulating autophagy-lysosome-mediated degradation, but not UPS function. Indeed, upregulation of Mask compensated the partial loss of UPS function. We further demonstrate that Mask promotes autophagic flux by enhancing lysosomal function, and that Mask is necessary and sufficient for promoting the expression levels of the proton-pumping vacuolar (V)-type ATPases in a TFEB-independent manner. Moreover, the beneficial effects conferred by Mask expression on the UPS dysfunction and neurodegenerative models depend on intact autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Our findings highlight the importance of lysosome acidification in cellular surveillance mechanisms and establish a model for exploring strategies to mitigate neurodegeneration by boosting lysosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhu
- a Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , LA , USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- b The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy , McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- a Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , LA , USA
| | - Chunlai Wu
- a Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , LA , USA
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32
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Xia J, Zeng M, Zhu H, Chen X, Weng Z, Li S. Emerging role of Hippo signalling pathway in bladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:4-15. [PMID: 28782275 PMCID: PMC5742740 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide with a high progression rate and poor prognosis. The Hippo signalling pathway is a conserved pathway that plays a crucial role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Furthermore, dysregulation and/or malfunction of the Hippo pathway is common in various human tumours, including BC. In this review, an overview of the Hippo pathway in BC and other cancers is presented. We focus on recent data regarding the Hippo pathway, its network and the regulation of the downstream co-effectors YAP1/TAZ. The core components of the Hippo pathway, which induce BC stemness acquisition, metastasis and chemoresistance, will be emphasized. Additional research on the Hippo pathway will advance our understanding of the mechanism of BC as well as the development and progression of other cancers and may be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Xia
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiliang Weng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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miR-285-Yki/Mask double-negative feedback loop mediates blood-brain barrier integrity in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2365-E2374. [PMID: 28265104 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1613233114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is highly conserved from Drosophila to mammals and plays a central role in maintaining organ size and tissue homeostasis. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) physiologically isolates the brain from circulating blood or the hemolymph system, and its integrity is strictly maintained to perform sophisticated neuronal functions. Until now, the underlying mechanisms of subperineurial glia (SPG) growth and BBB maintenance during development are not clear. Here, we report an miR-285-Yorkie (Yki)/Multiple Ankyrin repeats Single KH domain (Mask) double-negative feedback loop that regulates SPG growth and BBB integrity. Flies with a loss of miR-285 have a defective BBB with increased SPG ploidy and disruptive septate junctions. Mechanistically, miR-285 directly targets the Yki cofactor Mask to suppress Yki activity and down-regulates the expression of its downstream target cyclin E, a key regulator of cell cycle. Disturbance of cyclin E expression in SPG causes abnormal endoreplication, which leads to aberrant DNA ploidy and defective septate junctions. Moreover, the expression of miR-285 is increased by knockdown of yki or mask and is decreased with yki overexpression, thus forming a double-negative feedback loop. This regulatory loop is crucial for sustaining an appropriate Yki/Mask activity and cyclin E level to maintain SPG ploidy and BBB integrity. Perturbation of this signaling loop, either by dysregulated miR-285 expression or Yki activity, causes irregular SPG ploidy and BBB disruption. Furthermore, ectopic expression of miR-285 promotes canonical Hippo pathway-mediated apoptosis independent of the p53 or JNK pathway. Collectively, these results reveal an exquisite regulatory mechanism for BBB maintenance through an miR-285-Yki/Mask regulatory circuit.
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Cacemiro MDC, Berzoti-Coelho MG, Cominal JG, Burin SM, Castro FAD. Hippo pathway deregulation: implications in the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:9-14. [PMID: 27798082 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway participates in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It is composed by a large array of proteins whose deregulation has been associated with pro-oncogenic and antioncogenic processes. The present review focuses on the Hippo pathway signalling network and discusses its dual role in oncogenesis, particularly in haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira da Costa Cacemiro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Berzoti-Coelho
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juçara Gastaldi Cominal
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Burin
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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35
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Dong L, Lin F, Wu W, Huang W, Cai Z. Transcriptional cofactor Mask2 is required for YAP-induced cell growth and migration in bladder cancer cell. J Cancer 2016; 7:2132-2138. [PMID: 27877230 PMCID: PMC5118678 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved Hippo signaling pathway is an important pathway involved in tumorigenesis and development. In previous studies, YAP, the transcription coactivator of Hippo pathway, is found to be highly expressed in many clinical bladder cancer samples. To investigate the function of YAP and its cofactor Mask2 in bladder cancer, we overexpress YAP in bladder cancer cells and discover that YAP is able to promote bladder cancer cell growth and migration. In addition, we provide evidence that knockdown of Mask2 is able to repress bladder cancer cell growth and migration. Furthermore, we demonstrate knockdown of Mask2 is able to inhibit bladder cancer cell growth and migration induced by the excessive YAP. To explain the function of YAP/Mask2 complex in bladder cancer, we check the target genes' expression of Hippo signaling pathway involved in cell growth and migration and find overexpressed YAP is able to upregulate the target genes' expression while depletion of Mask2 downregulates them. Taken together, we demonstrate that Mask2 is required for the function of bladder cancer cell growth and migration induced by YAP via the target genes of Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Weiren Huang
- State Engineering Laboratory of Medical Key Technologies Application of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518039, PR China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- State Engineering Laboratory of Medical Key Technologies Application of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518039, PR China
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36
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Sayedyahossein S, Li Z, Hedman AC, Morgan CJ, Sacks DB. IQGAP1 Binds to Yes-associated Protein (YAP) and Modulates Its Transcriptional Activity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19261-73. [PMID: 27440047 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.732529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, the Hippo signaling pathway regulates key physiological processes, such as control of organ size, regeneration, and stem cell biology. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a major transcriptional co-activator of the Hippo pathway. The scaffold protein IQGAP1 interacts with more than 100 binding partners to integrate diverse signaling pathways. In this study, we report that IQGAP1 binds to YAP and modulates its activity. IQGAP1 and YAP co-immunoprecipitated from cells. In vitro analysis with pure proteins demonstrated a direct interaction between IQGAP1 and YAP. Analysis with multiple fragments of each protein showed that the interaction occurs via the IQ domain of IQGAP1 and the TEAD-binding domain of YAP. The interaction between IQGAP1 and YAP has functional effects. Knock-out of endogenous IQGAP1 significantly increased the formation of nuclear YAP-TEAD complexes. Transcription assays were performed with IQGAP1-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts and HEK293 cells with IQGAP1 knockdown by CRISPR/Cas9. Quantification demonstrated that YAP-TEAD-mediated transcription in cells lacking IQGAP1 was significantly greater than in control cells. These data reveal that IQGAP1 binds to YAP and modulates its co-transcriptional function, suggesting that IQGAP1 participates in Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sayedyahossein
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhigang Li
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrew C Hedman
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Chase J Morgan
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - David B Sacks
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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37
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Elbediwy A, Vincent-Mistiaen ZI, Spencer-Dene B, Stone RK, Boeing S, Wculek SK, Cordero J, Tan EH, Ridgway R, Brunton VG, Sahai E, Gerhardt H, Behrens A, Malanchi I, Sansom OJ, Thompson BJ. Integrin signalling regulates YAP and TAZ to control skin homeostasis. Development 2016; 143:1674-87. [PMID: 26989177 PMCID: PMC4874484 DOI: 10.1242/dev.133728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The skin is a squamous epithelium that is continuously renewed by a population of basal layer stem/progenitor cells and can heal wounds. Here, we show that the transcription regulators YAP and TAZ localise to the nucleus in the basal layer of skin and are elevated upon wound healing. Skin-specific deletion of both YAP and TAZ in adult mice slows proliferation of basal layer cells, leads to hair loss and impairs regeneration after wounding. Contact with the basal extracellular matrix and consequent integrin-Src signalling is a key determinant of the nuclear localisation of YAP/TAZ in basal layer cells and in skin tumours. Contact with the basement membrane is lost in differentiating daughter cells, where YAP and TAZ become mostly cytoplasmic. In other types of squamous epithelia and squamous cell carcinomas, a similar control mechanism is present. By contrast, columnar epithelia differentiate an apical domain that recruits CRB3, Merlin (also known as NF2), KIBRA (also known as WWC1) and SAV1 to induce Hippo signalling and retain YAP/TAZ in the cytoplasm despite contact with the basal layer extracellular matrix. When columnar epithelial tumours lose their apical domain and become invasive, YAP/TAZ becomes nuclear and tumour growth becomes sensitive to the Src inhibitor Dasatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbediwy
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | | | | | - Richard K Stone
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Stefan Boeing
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Julia Cordero
- The Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ee H Tan
- The Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rachel Ridgway
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Val G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Axel Behrens
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Ilaria Malanchi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- The Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Barry J Thompson
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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Elbediwy A, Vincent-Mistiaen ZI, Thompson BJ. YAP and TAZ in epithelial stem cells: A sensor for cell polarity, mechanical forces and tissue damage. Bioessays 2016; 38:644-53. [PMID: 27173018 PMCID: PMC5031209 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The YAP/TAZ family of transcriptional co‐activators drives cell proliferation in epithelial tissues and cancers. Yet, how YAP and TAZ are physiologically regulated remains unclear. Here we review recent reports that YAP and TAZ act primarily as sensors of epithelial cell polarity, being inhibited when cells differentiate an apical membrane domain, and being activated when cells contact the extracellular matrix via their basal membrane domain. Apical signalling occurs via the canonical Crumbs/CRB‐Hippo/MST‐Warts/LATS kinase cascade to phosphorylate and inhibit YAP/TAZ. Basal signalling occurs via Integrins and Src family kinases to phosphorylate and activate YAP/TAZ. Thus, YAP/TAZ is localised to the nucleus in basal stem/progenitor cells and cytoplasm in differentiated squamous cells or columnar cells. In addition, other signals such as mechanical forces, tissue damage and possibly receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) can influence MST‐LATS or Src family kinase activity to modulate YAP/TAZ activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbediwy
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Barry J Thompson
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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39
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Taiman acts as a coactivator of Yorkie in the Hippo pathway to promote tissue growth and intestinal regeneration. Cell Discov 2016; 2:16006. [PMID: 27462453 PMCID: PMC4860958 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway regulates tissue growth and organ size through controlling cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. During these processes, the coactivator Yorkie partners with the transcription factor Scalloped to mediate Hippo pathway-regulated cellular functions. Here, we demonstrate that Taiman facilitates the activity of Yorkie. First, Taiman overexpression upregulates Hippo pathway-responsive genes and induces tissue overgrowth. Second, the loss of tai downregulates the expression of Hippo pathway target genes and reduces organ size as well as tissue overgrowth caused by Yorkie overexpression. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Taiman binds to Yorkie and facilitates the activity of Yorkie-Scalloped to activate the transcription of several Hippo pathway target genes. Moreover, we found that the C-terminus of Taiman is indispensable for the function of Taiman in Hippo signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that Taiman is also required in intestinal stem cell proliferation. Our findings suggest Taiman is an essential coactivator of Yorkie.
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40
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Abstract
The mammalian MST kinase family, which is related to the Hippo kinase in Drosophila melanogaster, includes five related proteins: MST1 (also called STK4), MST2 (also called STK3), MST3 (also called STK24), MST4, and YSK1 (also called STK25 or SOK1). MST kinases are emerging as key signaling molecules that influence cell proliferation, organ size, cell migration, and cell polarity. Here we review the regulation and function of these kinases in normal physiology and pathologies, including cancer, endothelial malformations, and autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik Sahai
- The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, England, UK
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41
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Targeting the Hippo pathway: Clinical implications and therapeutics. Pharmacol Res 2015; 103:270-8. [PMID: 26678601 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role in tissue and organ size regulation by restraining cell proliferation and apoptosis under homeostatic conditions. Deregulation of this pathway can promote tumorigenesis in multiple malignant human tumor types, including sarcoma, breast, lung and liver cancers. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of Hippo pathway function, it's role in human cancer, and address the potential of Hippo pathway member proteins as therapeutic targets for a variety of tumors.
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42
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Scaling the Drosophila Wing: TOR-Dependent Target Gene Access by the Hippo Pathway Transducer Yorkie. PLoS Biol 2015; 13:e1002274. [PMID: 26474042 PMCID: PMC4608745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ growth is controlled by patterning signals that operate locally (e.g., Wingless/Ints [Wnts], Bone Morphogenetic Proteins [BMPs], and Hedgehogs [Hhs]) and scaled by nutrient-dependent signals that act systemically (e.g., Insulin-like peptides [ILPs] transduced by the Target of Rapamycin [TOR] pathway). How cells integrate these distinct inputs to generate organs of the appropriate size and shape is largely unknown. The transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki, a YES-Associated Protein, or YAP) acts downstream of patterning morphogens and other tissue-intrinsic signals to promote organ growth. Yki activity is regulated primarily by the Warts/Hippo (Wts/Hpo) tumour suppressor pathway, which impedes nuclear access of Yki by a cytoplasmic tethering mechanism. Here, we show that the TOR pathway regulates Yki by a separate and novel mechanism in the Drosophila wing. Instead of controlling Yki nuclear access, TOR signaling governs Yki action after it reaches the nucleus by allowing it to gain access to its target genes. When TOR activity is inhibited, Yki accumulates in the nucleus but is sequestered from its normal growth-promoting target genes—a phenomenon we term “nuclear seclusion.” Hence, we posit that in addition to its well-known role in stimulating cellular metabolism in response to nutrients, TOR also promotes wing growth by liberating Yki from nuclear seclusion, a parallel pathway that we propose contributes to the scaling of wing size with nutrient availability. From dwarves to giants, scaling is a universal property of animal organs, but its mechanistic basis is poorly understood. Here, the authors identify a molecular circuit underlying scaling of the Drosophila wing. What mechanisms control the sizes of animal organs? It is known that organ growth is the product of two systems: an intrinsic system that coordinates cell proliferation with the specification of cell fate (patterning), and an extrinsic system that synchronizes growth with nutrient levels. Developing organs integrate these two inputs to ensure that properly proportioned structures develop which are of the right scale to match overall body size. However, the mechanisms used to integrate these distinct growth control systems have remained largely mysterious. In this study, we have addressed how intrinsic and extrinsic systems combine to drive growth of the Drosophila wing. Focusing on the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway—a major, nutrient-dependent regulator of organ growth—and Yorkie—the transcriptional activator downstream of the Hippo pathway and a key, organ-intrinsic growth regulator—we have identified a circuit in which TOR activity limits Yorkie’s capacity to promote wing growth, in part through a novel mode of transcription factor regulation that we term “nuclear seclusion.” We find that inhibiting TOR leads to the retention of Yorkie in the nucleus but diminishes its transcriptional activity by diverting it away from target genes. We posit that subjugating Yorkie in this way contributes to how fluctuations in TOR activity scale wing size according to nutrient levels.
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43
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Katzemich A, West RJH, Fukuzawa A, Sweeney ST, Gautel M, Sparrow J, Bullard B. Binding partners of the kinase domains in Drosophila obscurin and their effect on the structure of the flight muscle. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:3386-97. [PMID: 26251439 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila obscurin (Unc-89) is a titin-like protein in the M-line of the muscle sarcomere. Obscurin has two kinase domains near the C-terminus, both of which are predicted to be inactive. We have identified proteins binding to the kinase domains. Kinase domain 1 bound Bällchen (Ball, an active kinase), and both kinase domains 1 and 2 bound MASK (a 400-kDa protein with ankyrin repeats). Ball was present in the Z-disc and M-line of the indirect flight muscle (IFM) and was diffusely distributed in the sarcomere. MASK was present in both the M-line and the Z-disc. Reducing expression of Ball or MASK by siRNA resulted in abnormalities in the IFM, including missing M-lines and multiple Z-discs. Obscurin was still present, suggesting that the kinase domains act as a scaffold binding Ball and MASK. Unlike obscurin in vertebrate skeletal muscle, Drosophila obscurin is necessary for the correct assembly of the IFM sarcomere. We show that Ball and MASK act downstream of obscurin, and both are needed for development of a well defined M-line and Z-disc. The proteins have not previously been identified in Drosophila muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Katzemich
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ryan J H West
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Atsushi Fukuzawa
- King's College BHF Centre, Cardiovascular Division, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Sean T Sweeney
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Mathias Gautel
- King's College BHF Centre, Cardiovascular Division, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - John Sparrow
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Belinda Bullard
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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44
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Hansen CG, Moroishi T, Guan KL. YAP and TAZ: a nexus for Hippo signaling and beyond. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 25:499-513. [PMID: 26045258 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a potent regulator of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Here we review the regulatory mechanisms of the Hippo pathway and discuss the function of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding domain (TAZ), the prime mediators of the Hippo pathway, in stem cell biology and tissue regeneration. We highlight their activities in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm and discuss their role as a signaling nexus and integrator of several other prominent signaling pathways such as the Wnt, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), epidermal growth factor (EGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Gram Hansen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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45
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Fletcher GC, Elbediwy A, Khanal I, Ribeiro PS, Tapon N, Thompson BJ. The Spectrin cytoskeleton regulates the Hippo signalling pathway. EMBO J 2015; 34:940-54. [PMID: 25712476 PMCID: PMC4388601 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Spectrin cytoskeleton is known to be polarised in epithelial cells, yet its role remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the Spectrin cytoskeleton controls Hippo signalling. In the developing Drosophila wing and eye, loss of apical Spectrins (alpha/beta-heavy dimers) produces tissue overgrowth and mis-regulation of Hippo target genes, similar to loss of Crumbs (Crb) or the FERM-domain protein Expanded (Ex). Apical beta-heavy Spectrin binds to Ex and co-localises with it at the apical membrane to antagonise Yki activity. Interestingly, in both the ovarian follicular epithelium and intestinal epithelium of Drosophila, apical Spectrins and Crb are dispensable for repression of Yki, while basolateral Spectrins (alpha/beta dimers) are essential. Finally, the Spectrin cytoskeleton is required to regulate the localisation of the Hippo pathway effector YAP in response to cell density human epithelial cells. Our findings identify both apical and basolateral Spectrins as regulators of Hippo signalling and suggest Spectrins as potential mechanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina C Fletcher
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Ahmed Elbediwy
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Ichha Khanal
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Paulo S Ribeiro
- Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nic Tapon
- Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Barry J Thompson
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK - London Research Institute, London, UK
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46
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Zhu M, Li X, Tian X, Wu C. Mask loss-of-function rescues mitochondrial impairment and muscle degeneration of Drosophila pink1 and parkin mutants. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3272-85. [PMID: 25743185 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN-induced kinase 1 (Pink1) and ubiquitin E3 ligase Parkin function in a linear pathway to maintain healthy mitochondria via regulating mitochondrial clearance and trafficking. Mutations in the two enzymes cause the familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans, as well as accumulation of defective mitochondria and cellular degeneration in flies. Here, we show that loss of function of a scaffolding protein Mask, also known as ANKHD1 (Ankyrin repeats and KH domain containing protein 1) in humans, rescues the behavioral, anatomical and cellular defects caused by pink1 or parkin mutations in a cell-autonomous manner. Moreover, similar rescue can also be achieved if Mask knock-down is induced in parkin adult flies when the mitochondrial dystrophy is already manifested. We found that Mask genetically interacts with Parkin to modulate mitochondrial morphology and negatively regulates the recruitment of Parkin to mitochondria. We also provide evidence that loss of Mask activity promotes co-localization of the autophagosome marker with mitochondria in developing larval muscle, and that an intact autophagy pathway is required for the rescue of parkin mutant defects by mask loss of function. Together, our data strongly suggest that Mask/ANKHD1 activity can be inhibited in a tissue- and timely-controlled fashion to restore mitochondrial integrity under PD-linked pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chunlai Wu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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47
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Ruiz-Romero M, Blanco E, Paricio N, Serras F, Corominas M. Cabut/dTIEG associates with the transcription factor Yorkie for growth control. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:362-9. [PMID: 25572844 PMCID: PMC4364875 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila transcription factor Cabut/dTIEG (Cbt) is a growth regulator, whose expression is modulated by different stimuli. Here, we determine Cbt association with chromatin and identify Yorkie (Yki), the transcriptional co-activator of the Hippo (Hpo) pathway as its partner. Cbt and Yki co-localize on common gene promoters, and the expression of target genes varies according to changes in Cbt levels. Down-regulation of Cbt suppresses the overgrowth phenotypes caused by mutations in expanded (ex) and yki overexpression, whereas its up-regulation promotes cell proliferation. Our results imply that Cbt is a novel partner of Yki that is required as a transcriptional co-activator in growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ruiz-Romero
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB) de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB) de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Paricio
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Florenci Serras
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB) de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Corominas
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB) de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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48
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Kodaka M, Hata Y. The mammalian Hippo pathway: regulation and function of YAP1 and TAZ. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:285-306. [PMID: 25266986 PMCID: PMC11113917 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was originally identified as the signaling that controls organ size in Drosophila, with the core architecture conserved in mammals. In the mammalian Hippo pathway, mammalian Ste20-like kinases (MST1/2) and large tumor suppressor kinases (LATS1/2) regulate transcriptional co-activators, Yes-associated protein (YAP1) and Transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). The Hippo pathway was initially thought to be quite straightforward; however, the identification of additional components has revealed its inherent complexity. Regulation of YAP1 and TAZ is not always dependent on MST1/2 and LATS1/2. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 play various YAP1/TAZ-independent roles, while YAP1 and TAZ cross-talk with other signaling pathways. In this review we focus on YAP1 and TAZ and discuss their regulation, function, and the consequences of their dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kodaka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
| | - Yutaka Hata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
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49
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Abstract
Over the past decade, discoveries on Hippo signaling have revealed a complex signaling network integrating various signaling pathways to modulate tissue homeostasis, organ size control, tissue repair, and regeneration. Malfunction of the Hippo pathway is associated with tumor and cancer development. Moreover, Hippo signaling has been proposed to act in numerous stem cells in a variety of organisms. Recently, more attention has been paid to define the functions of the Hippo pathway in tissue-specific stem cells, which have great potential to be used in cell-based therapies. Here we provide an overview of its roles in regulating stem cells in epithelial tissues and its potential implications in related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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50
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Machado-Neto JA, Lazarini M, Favaro P, de Melo Campos P, Scopim-Ribeiro R, Franchi Junior GC, Nowill AE, Lima PRM, Costa FF, Benichou S, Olalla Saad ST, Traina F. ANKHD1 silencing inhibits Stathmin 1 activity, cell proliferation and migration of leukemia cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:583-93. [PMID: 25523139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ANKHD1 is highly expressed in human acute leukemia cells and potentially regulates multiple cellular functions through its ankyrin-repeat domains. In order to identify interaction partners of the ANKHD1 protein and its role in leukemia cells, we performed a yeast two-hybrid system screen and identified SIVA, a cellular protein known to be involved in proapoptotic signaling pathways. The interaction between ANKHD1 and SIVA was confirmed by co-imunoprecipitation assays. Using human leukemia cell models and lentivirus-mediated shRNA approaches, we showed that ANKHD1 and SIVA proteins have opposing effects. While it is known that SIVA silencing promotes Stathmin 1 activation, increased cell migration and xenograft tumor growth, we showed that ANKHD1 silencing leads to Stathmin 1 inactivation, reduced cell migration and xenograft tumor growth, likely through the inhibition of SIVA/Stathmin 1 association. In addition, we observed that ANKHD1 knockdown decreases cell proliferation, without modulating apoptosis of leukemia cells, while SIVA has a proapoptotic function in U937 cells, but does not modulate proliferation in vitro. Results indicate that ANKHD1 binds to SIVA and has an important role in inducing leukemia cell proliferation and migration via the Stathmin 1 pathway. ANKHD1 may be an oncogene and participate in the leukemia cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lazarini
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Favaro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula de Melo Campos
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Scopim-Ribeiro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Carlos Franchi Junior
- Integrated Center for Childhood Onco-Hematological Investigation, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Eduardo Nowill
- Integrated Center for Childhood Onco-Hematological Investigation, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Moura Lima
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ferreira Costa
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Traina
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil.
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