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D'Souza SP, Upton BA, Eldred KC, Glass I, Nayak G, Grover K, Ahmed A, Nguyen MT, Hu YC, Gamlin P, Lang RA. Developmental control of rod number via a light-dependent retrograde pathway from intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00458-1. [PMID: 39142280 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Photoreception is essential for the development of the visual system, shaping vision's first synapse to cortical development. Here, we find that the lighting environment controls developmental rod apoptosis via Opn4-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). Using genetics, sensory environment manipulations, and computational approaches, we establish a pathway where light-dependent glutamate released from ipRGCs is detected via a transiently expressed glutamate receptor (Grik3) on rod precursors within the inner retina. Communication between these cells is mediated by hybrid neurites on ipRGCs that sense light before eye opening. These structures span the ipRGC-rod precursor distance over development and contain the machinery for photoreception (Opn4) and neurotransmitter release (Vglut2 & Syp). Assessment of the human gestational retina identifies conserved hallmarks of an ipRGC-to-rod axis, including displaced rod precursors, transient GRIK3 expression, and ipRGCs with deep-projecting neurites. This analysis defines an adaptive retrograde pathway linking the sensory environment to rod precursors via ipRGCs prior to eye opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane P D'Souza
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Brian A Upton
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kiara C Eldred
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ian Glass
- Birth Defects Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gowri Nayak
- Transgenic Animal and Genome Editing Core, Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kassidy Grover
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Abdulla Ahmed
- Medical Doctor (M.D.) Training Program, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Minh-Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yueh-Chiang Hu
- Transgenic Animal and Genome Editing Core, Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Paul Gamlin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richard A Lang
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Allen AE, Hahn J, Richardson R, Pantiru A, Mouland J, Baño-Otalora B, Monavarfeshani A, Yan W, Williams C, Wynne J, Rodgers J, Milosavljevic N, Orlowska-Feuer P, Storchi R, Sanes JR, Shekhar K, Lucas RJ. Reconfiguration of the visual code and retinal cell type complement in closely related diurnal and nocturnal mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.14.598659. [PMID: 38915685 PMCID: PMC11195227 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.14.598659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
How does evolution act on neuronal populations to match computational characteristics to functional demands? We address this problem by comparing visual code and retinal cell composition in closely related murid species with different behaviours. Rhabdomys pumilio are diurnal and have substantially thicker inner retina and larger visual thalamus than nocturnal Mus musculus. High-density electrophysiological recordings of visual response features in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) reveals that Rhabdomys attains higher spatiotemporal acuity both by denser coverage of the visual scene and a selective expansion of elements of the code characterised by non-linear spatiotemporal summation. Comparative analysis of single cell transcriptomic cell atlases reveals that realignment of the visual code is associated with increased relative abundance of bipolar and ganglion cell types supporting OFF and ON-OFF responses. These findings demonstrate how changes in retinal cell complement can reconfigure the coding of visual information to match changes in visual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette E Allen
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joshua Hahn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rose Richardson
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andreea Pantiru
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Josh Mouland
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Beatriz Baño-Otalora
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Aboozar Monavarfeshani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, 02138
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, 02138
| | - Christopher Williams
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan Wynne
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jessica Rodgers
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Nina Milosavljevic
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Patrycja Orlowska-Feuer
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Riccardo Storchi
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joshua R Sanes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, 02138
| | - Karthik Shekhar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute; Vision Science Graduate Group; Center for Computational Biology; Biophysics Graduate Group; California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert J Lucas
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Kilpeläinen M, Westö J, Tiihonen J, Laihi A, Takeshita D, Rieke F, Ala-Laurila P. Primate retina trades single-photon detection for high-fidelity contrast encoding. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4501. [PMID: 38802354 PMCID: PMC11130139 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
How the spike output of the retina enables human visual perception is not fully understood. Here, we address this at the sensitivity limit of vision by correlating human visual perception with the spike outputs of primate ON and OFF parasol (magnocellular) retinal ganglion cells in tightly matching stimulus conditions. We show that human vision at its ultimate sensitivity limit depends on the spike output of the ON but not the OFF retinal pathway. Consequently, nonlinear signal processing in the retinal ON pathway precludes perceptual detection of single photons in darkness but enables quantal-resolution discrimination of differences in light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markku Kilpeläinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan Westö
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jussi Tiihonen
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Anton Laihi
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daisuke Takeshita
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fred Rieke
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US
| | - Petri Ala-Laurila
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
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