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Jacobs A, Prete MC, Lesch A, Sebio AA, Teixeira Tarley CR, Swain GM. Measurement of Human and Bovine Exhaled Breath Condensate pH Using Polyaniline-Modified Flexible Inkjet-Printed Nanocarbon Electrodes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40841-40856. [PMID: 39371969 PMCID: PMC11447749 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
The collection, processing, and electrochemical analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from healthy human and animal subjects is reported on. EBC is a biospecimen potentially rich in biomarkers of respiratory disease. The EBC pH was analyzed potentiometrically using a disposable polyaniline (PANI)-modified inkjet-printed (IJP) carbon electrode. Comparison measurements were performed using a commercial screen-printed carbon (SPC) electrode. The PANI-modified electrodes exhibited reproducible and near-Nernstian responses for pH values between 2 and 9 with slopes from -50 to -60 mV/dec. The PANI-modified IJP carbon electrode exhibited a faster response time and superior reproducibility to the modified SPC electrode. In proof-of-concept studies, the healthy human EBC pH was found to be 6.57 ± 0.09 and the healthy bovine EBC pH was 5.9 ± 0.2. All pH determined using the PANI-modified electrodes were in good agreement with the pH determined using a micro glass pH electrode. An RTube device was used to collect EBC from humans while a modified device was used to collect EBC from calves in the field. EBC volumes of 0.5-2 mL for 5-6 min of tidal breathing were collected from healthy animals. The pH of EBC from healthy calves (17 animals) depends on their age from 1 to 9 weeks with values ranging from 5.3 to 7.2. A distinct alkaline shift was observed for many animals around 20 days of age. The bovine EBC pH also depends on the ambient temperature and humidity at the time of collection. The results indicate that the PANI-modified IJP carbon electrodes outperform commercial SPC and provide reproducible and accurate measurement of pH across various biospecimen types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron
I. Jacobs
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Maiyara C. Prete
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of Londrina
(UEL), Londrina, Paraná 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Angel Abuelo Sebio
- Department
of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | | | - Greg M. Swain
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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2
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Abstract
Beef cattle are less prone to metabolic diseases as compared with dairy cattle; however, there are disease entities of concern in feedlot and cow-calf beef cattle operations. In one study, a prevalence of 2% was found for ruminant acidosis in a feedlot; however, there is little prevalence information published with regard to metabolic diseases in beef cattle.1 Metabolic diseases covered in this article are hypomagnesemia, ruminal acidosis, and all of the common sequelae, polioencephalomalacia, manganese deficiency, and protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Hindman
- Veterinary Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, 1712 S Riverside Dr, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
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3
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Lazard M, Leroux AA, Le Rest T, Chartier C, Fusellier M. What Is Your Neurologic Diagnosis? J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 259:1271-1274. [PMID: 34727060 DOI: 10.2460/javma.20.07.0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Lazard
- From Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Aurélia A Leroux
- From Clinique Équine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Tony Le Rest
- From Clinique des Ruminants, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Christophe Chartier
- From Clinique des Ruminants, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes cedex 3, France.,From BIOEPAR, INRAE (Biologie, Epidemiologie et Analyse de Risque en Santé Animale; Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture et l'Environnement), Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Fusellier
- From Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes cedex 3, France.,From Inserm, UMR 1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, Oniris, Nantes, F-44042, France
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4
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Gomes KC, Lima FWB, da Silva Aguiar HQ, de Araújo SS, de Cordova CAS, de Cordova FM. Thiamine deficiency and recovery: impact of recurrent episodes and beneficial effect of treatment with Trolox and dimethyl sulfoxide. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2289-2307. [PMID: 34468817 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
At present, thiamine deficiency (TD) is managed with administration of high doses of thiamine. Even so, severe and permanent neurological disorders can occur in recurrent episodes of TD. In this study, we used a murine model to assess the efficacy of TD recovery treatments using thiamine with or without additional administration of the antioxidant Trolox or the anti-inflammatory dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after a single or recurrent episode of TD. TD was induced for 9 days with deficient chow and pyrithiamine, and the recovery period was 7 days with standard amounts of chow and thiamine, Trolox, and/or DMSO. After these periods, we evaluated behavior, histopathology, and ERK1/2 modulation in the brain. Deficient animals showed reductions in locomotor activity, motor coordination, and spatial memory. Morphologically, after a single episode of TD and recovery, deficient mice showed neuronal vacuolization in the dorsal thalamus and, after two episodes, a reduction in neuronal cell number. These effects were attenuated or reversed by the recovery treatments, mainly in the treatments with thiamine associated with Trolox or DMSO. Deficient animals showed a strong increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the thalamus, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex after one deficiency episode and recovery. Interestingly, after recurrent TD and recovery, ERK1/2 phosphorylation remained high only in the deficient mice treated with thiamine and/or Trolox or thiamine with DMSO. Our data suggest that a protocol for TD treatment with thiamine in conjunction with Trolox or DMSO enhances the recovery of animals and possibly minimizes the late neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketren Carvalho Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sanidade Animal e Saúde Pública nos Trópicos , Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | | | - Helen Quézia da Silva Aguiar
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | - Suiane Silva de Araújo
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Mendes de Cordova
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sanidade Animal e Saúde Pública nos Trópicos , Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil.
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5
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Hess EK, Reinhart JM, Anderson MJ, Jannasch AS, Taylor SD. Pharmacokinetics of thiamine (vitamin B1) in adult horses after administration of three single intravenous doses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 44:937-944. [PMID: 34407222 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thiamine is a vital co-factor for several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant processes that are critical for mitigation of sepsis-associated inflammation, but pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis has not been reported in horses. We hypothesized that IV thiamine hydrochloride (TH) at increasing dosages would result in corresponding increases in plasma thiamine concentrations without causing adverse effects. A randomized cross-over study was performed in 9 healthy horses that each received TH at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg IV. Blood was collected immediately prior to drug administration and at several time points thereafter. High-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to quantify thiamine concentrations at each time point. Non-compartmental PK methods showed that IV TH resulted in supraphysiologic plasma concentrations with a short half-life (0.77-1.12 h) and no adverse clinical signs were observed. The terminal rate constant decreased as the dosage increased (p < .0001) and clearance significantly decreased at the 20 mg/kg dosage (p = .0011). The area under the curve (AUC) increased in a non-linear fashion. These findings suggest that thiamine follows non-linear elimination kinetics in horses, which is likely due to saturation of renal elimination. Future studies are needed to identify therapeutic plasma concentrations and develop thiamine dosing recommendations for horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Hess
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jennifer M Reinhart
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Melinda J Anderson
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amber S Jannasch
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sandra D Taylor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Medeiros RDCN, Moraes JO, Rodrigues SDC, Pereira LM, Aguiar HQDS, de Cordova CAS, Yim Júnior A, de Cordova FM. Thiamine Deficiency Modulates p38 MAPK and Heme Oxygenase-1 in Mouse Brain: Association with Early Tissue and Behavioral Changes. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:940-955. [PMID: 31989470 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thiamine deficiency (TD) produces severe neurodegenerative lesions. Studies have suggested that primary neurodegenerative events are associated with both oxidative stress and inflammation. Very little is known about the downstream effects on intracellular signaling pathways involved in neuronal death. The primary aim of this work was to evaluate the modulation of p38MAPK and the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the central nervous system (CNS). Behavioral, metabolic, and morphological parameters were assessed. Mice were separated into six groups: control (Cont), TD with pyrithiamine (Ptd), TD with pyrithiamine and Trolox (Ptd + Tr), TD with pyrithiamine and dimethyl sulfoxide (Ptd + Dmso), Trolox (Tr) and DMSO (Dmso) control groups and treated for 9 days. Control groups received standard feed (AIN-93M), while TD groups received thiamine deficient feed (AIN-93DT). All the groups were subjected to behavioral tests, and CNS samples were collected for cell viability, histopathology and western blot analyses. The Ptd group showed a reduction in weight gain and feed intake, as well as a reduction in locomotor, grooming, and motor coordination activities. Also, Ptd group showed a robust increase in p38MAPK phosphorylation and mild HO-1 expression in the cerebral cortex and thalamus. The Ptd group showed a decreased cell viability, hemorrhage, spongiosis, and astrocytic swelling in the thalamus. Groups treated with Trolox and DMSO displayed diminished p38MAPK phosphorylation in both the structures, as well as attenuated thalamic lesions and behavioral activities. These data suggest that p38MAPK and HO-1 are involved in the TD-induced neurodegeneration in vivo, possibly modulated by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Noronha Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sanidade Animal e Saúde Pública nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oliveira Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sanidade Animal e Saúde Pública nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | | | - Leidiano Martins Pereira
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | - Helen Quézia da Silva Aguiar
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | | | - Alberto Yim Júnior
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Mendes de Cordova
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sanidade Animal e Saúde Pública nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, BR-153, km 112, Araguaína, TO, 77804-970, Brazil.
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7
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Snyder E, Credille B. Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Rumen Acidosis. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2017; 33:451-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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9
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Diseases of the Nervous System. Vet Med (Auckl) 2017. [PMCID: PMC7322266 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-5246-0.00014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Chigerwe M, Aleman M. Seizure Disorders in Goats and Sheep. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1752-1757. [PMID: 27527918 PMCID: PMC5032865 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goats and sheep are more likely to be presented for examination for seizures than are cattle, possibly as a consequence of their relatively smaller body size. Currently, no reports describing seizure disorders in goats and sheep are available. Objectives To describe clinical features and treatment outcomes of sheep and goats presented for seizures. Animals A total of 59 goats and 21 sheep presented for seizures. Methods Retrospective study. Medical records from 1994 to 2014 at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Logistic regression was performed to determine whether variables were associated with mortality. Results The majority of seizures in goats and sheep had structural or metabolic causes. Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) secondary to ruminal lactic acidosis or PEM of undetermined cause was the most frequently diagnosed cause of seizures in goats and sheep. The proportions of mortality in goats and sheep were 49.2 and 42.9%, respectively. Age increased the odds mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07, 2.14) in goats. Goats with structural or metabolic causes of seizures had higher odds for mortality (OR, 37.48; 95% CI, 1.12, 99.10) than those with unknown causes. Age and etiological diagnosis were not significant (P > .05) predictors of mortality in affected sheep. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Seizure disorders in goats and sheep are associated with high mortality, despite treatment. Current treatment in goats and sheep with seizures warrants further investigation to determine whether treatments are beneficial or detrimental to survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chigerwe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA.
| | - M Aleman
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
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11
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Apley MD. Feedlot Pharmaceutical Documentation: Protocols, Prescriptions, and Veterinary Feed Directives. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2015; 31:305-15. [PMID: 26139195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The days of oral treatment instructions and loosely associated authorizations for the use of drugs in food animals are gone. Treatment protocols should include case definitions for treatment eligibility, detailed regimens, case definitions for treatment success and failure, directions for animal disposition, and mechanisms to prevent animals entering the food chain with violative residues. Prescriptions and veterinary feed directives (VFDs) will soon be necessary for almost all uses of antimicrobials in food animals. Although VFDs have a regulatory format, prescriptions may vary, but there are basic inclusions that should be present in any prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Apley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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