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Lemonnier LC, Couroucé A, Cessans M, Petit L, Cardwell JM, Barbazanges P, Toquet MP, Richard EA. Detection of fungi in the airways of horses according to the sample site: a methodological study. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:345-355. [PMID: 37704768 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungal detection in equine airways may be performed on either tracheal wash (TW) or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by either cytology or culture. However, method comparisons are sparse. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of fungi in airways of horses according to the sample site and laboratory methodology. Sixty-two adult horses, investigated in the field or referred for respiratory disease, were included. Tracheal wash, and BALF collected separately from both lungs, were collected using a videoendoscope. Fungi were detected in cytologic samples examined by light microscopy, and by fungal culture. Hay was sampled in the field. Prevalence of fungi was of 91.9% in TW and 37.1% in BALF. Fungi were cultured from 82.3% of TW and 20.9% of BALF. Fungal elements were observed cytologically in 69.4% of TW and 22.6% of BALF. In 50% of horses, the same fungi were detected in both TW and hay, but fungi detected in BALF and hay differed in all horses. Poor agreement was found for the detection of fungi between TW and BALF and between fungal culture and cytologic examination (Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) < 0.20). Moderate agreement was found between cytologic examination of left and right lungs (κ = 0.47). The prevalence of fungi detected cytologically on pooled BALF was significantly different (p = 0.023) than on combined left and right BALF. Fungi were more prevalent in the TW than BALF, and results suggest that hay might not be the primary source of fungi of the lower respiratory tract of horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Lemonnier
- CISCO-ONIRIS, Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Oniris, 44300, Nantes, France.
| | - A Couroucé
- CISCO-ONIRIS, Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Oniris, 44300, Nantes, France
- Université de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - M Cessans
- CISCO-ONIRIS, Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Oniris, 44300, Nantes, France
| | - L Petit
- LABÉO (Frank Duncombe), 1 route de Rosel, 14053, Caen, France
| | - J M Cardwell
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - P Barbazanges
- CISCO-ONIRIS, Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Oniris, 44300, Nantes, France
| | - M -P Toquet
- Université de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, F-14000, Caen, France
- LABÉO (Frank Duncombe), 1 route de Rosel, 14053, Caen, France
| | - E A Richard
- Université de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, F-14000, Caen, France
- LABÉO (Frank Duncombe), 1 route de Rosel, 14053, Caen, France
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Mesa-Sánchez I, Jolly-Frahija IT, Sánchez-González K, Pumarola-Batlle M, Cervera-Castellanos V, Ródenas S. Canine systemic mycosis associated with Chaetomium globosum in a dog. Aust Vet J 2020; 98:185-189. [PMID: 31971255 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disseminated mycoses other than aspergillosis are infrequently reported in dogs. CASE REPORT A 4-year-old female Labrador retriever was evaluated because of hyperthermia, cough and intermittent lameness. Computed tomography showed a soft tissue mass in the cranioventral mediastinum, severe left and central tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy, and moderate bilateral pleural effusion. Magnetic resonance imaging identified an irregular intra-axial well-defined contrast enhancing mass extending from the right frontal lobe to the right thalamus. Fungal culture yielded growth of Chaetomium globosum. CONCLUSION In this case, the authors report a systemic mycosis in a Labrador retriever caused by C. globosum. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first report of systemic disease by this species in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mesa-Sánchez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Valencia Sur Veterinary Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - I T Jolly-Frahija
- Department of Internal Medicine, Valencia Sur Veterinary Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - K Sánchez-González
- Department of Internal Medicine, Valencia Sur Veterinary Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pumarola-Batlle
- Department of Animal medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - S Ródenas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Valencia Sur Veterinary Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Animal BlueCare Hospital, Mijas Costa, Spain
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Castro NB, Rolim VM, Nascimento LCD, Silveira AF, Argenta FF, Ferreiro L, Driemeier D, Sonne L. Doenças micóticas em gatos no Rio Grande do Sul. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017001100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO: As enfermidades fúngicas são diagnósticos diferenciais de diversas morbidades de caráter infeccioso, degenerativo ou proliferativo neoplásico, principalmente em gatos, que é a espécie mais suscetível a estas. Este trabalho descreve os achados anatomopatológicos de doenças fúngicas em gatos no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2015 pelo SPV-UFRGS. Foram revisados 1.274 protocolos de necropsia e encontrou-se 17 casos de micoses, correspondendo a 1,33% dos diagnósticos. Quanto às amostras provenientes de biopsias, foram verificados 2.615 protocolos e detectou-se 59 casos de doenças fúngicas, totalizando 2,25% dos diagnósticos, sendo revisados seus achados macroscópicos, microscópicos, colorações especiais e cultivo micológico. O principal diagnóstico encontrado foi esporotricose com 34 casos de biópsia e cinco de necropsia. Criptococose obteve seis diagnósticos na necropsia e 13 na biópsia. O pseudomicetoma dermatofítico possui cinco casos de biópsia e dois de necropsia. Histoplasmose obteve um diagnóstico na necropsia e dois na biópsia. Aspergilose teve dois casos diagnosticados na necropsia. Candidíase e feo-hifomicose obtiveram um caso cada. Em quatro ocasiões, não se pode identificar o agente envolvido na lesão e foram classificados conforme a alteração morfológica em: dermatite fúngica, enterite fúngica, rinite micótica e dermatite e osteomielite fúngica. Através deste trabalho, pode-se identificar que a esporotricose foi o diagnóstico de doença fúngica mais frequente em felinos, seguido da criptococose e pseudomicetoma dermatofítico.
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Bentley RT, Taylor AR, Thomovsky SA. Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System in Small Animals: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2017; 48:63-83. [PMID: 28988704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Small animal mycoses vary geographically. Different clinical presentations are seen in animals with infection of the central nervous system (CNS), including multifocal meningoencephalomyelitis, intracranial lesions that accompany sinonasal lesions, rapidly progressive ventriculitis, or solitary granuloma of the brain or spinal cord. Systemic, nasal, or extraneural clinical signs are common but, especially in granuloma cases, do not always occur. Surgery may have a diagnostic and therapeutic role in CNS granuloma. There have been recent advancements in serology. Fluconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole cross the blood-brain barrier, but voriconazole is neurotoxic to cats. Liposomal and lipid-encapsulated formulations of amphotericin B are preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Timothy Bentley
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Lynn Hall, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Amanda R Taylor
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Greene Hall, 1130 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Stephanie A Thomovsky
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Lynn Hall, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Konradt G, Bassuino DM, Bianchi MV, Castro L, Caprioli RA, Pavarini SP, Santurio JM, Azevedo MI, Jesus FP, Driemeier D. Cutaneous Pythiosis in calves: An epidemiologic, pathologic, serologic and molecular characterization. Med Mycol Case Rep 2016; 14:24-26. [PMID: 28050341 PMCID: PMC5192245 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the epidemiological, pathological and mycological findings of cutaneous pythiosis in cattle in southern Brazil. 23 calves, that were kept next to a river with extensive marshy regions, presented ulcerated cutaneous lesions in thoracic and pelvic limbs, sometimes extending to the ventral thoracic region. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal pyogranulomas in the superficial and deep dermis. The Grocott-Methenamine silver, immunohistochemistry anti-Pythium insidiosum, ELISA serology and molecular characterization demonstrated the agent P. insidiosum in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Konradt
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele Mariath Bassuino
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus Viezzer Bianchi
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Lismara Castro
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Albuquerque Caprioli
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Saulo Petinatti Pavarini
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Janio M Santurio
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI) - Dept. Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Azevedo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI) - Dept. Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Francielli P Jesus
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI) - Dept. Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
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Bentley RT, Heng HG, Thompson C, Lee CS, Kroll RA, Roy ME, Marini L, Heo J, Wigle WL. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES AND OUTCOME FOR SOLITARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMCOCCIDIOIDESGRANULOMAS IN 11 DOGS AND CATS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2015; 56:520-30. [PMID: 25857572 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Timothy Bentley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907
| | - Hock Gan Heng
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907
| | - Craig Thompson
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907
| | - Chun-Sheng Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907
| | | | | | | | - Jin Heo
- VCA All-Care Animal Referral Center; Fountain Valley CA 92708
| | - William L. Wigle
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907
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Abstract
Cross-sectional imaging techniques have facilitated diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, there is still frequently a lack of definition of the cause of neurologic lesions, because tissue sampling from the pathologic site is often difficult and there are few clinical diagnostic tools to assist diagnosis. Biomarkers can assist in understanding the cause, diagnosis, severity, and prognosis for neural injury. Integration of conventional testing and new diagnostic techniques will overcome shortcomings in understanding infectious diseases of the CNS. Diagnostic tests may be limited by poor positive and negative predictive values, which must be recognized when interpreting test results.
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8
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Whitney J, Beijerink N, Martin P, Talbot J, Barrs V. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a dog associated with Geastrum triplex spores. Med Mycol Case Rep 2013; 2:122-4. [PMID: 24432234 PMCID: PMC3885942 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a syndrome reported in humans, and occasionally animals, that results from the inhalation of very small antigenic particles (usually <5 µm) that are able to reach the alveolar space. This is the first report of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a dog in Australia and the first associated with Geastrum triplex spores. Diagnosis was based on known antigen exposure, physical findings, radiographic signs of interstitial lung disease and molecular identification of Geastrum triplex in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Whitney
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Niek Beijerink
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Patricia Martin
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Services, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Jessica Talbot
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Vanessa Barrs
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Armentano RA, Cooke KL, Wickes BL. Disseminated mycotic infection caused byWesterdykellaspecies in a German Shepherd Dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013; 242:381-7. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.242.3.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pratt CL, Sellon RK, Spencer ES, Johnson TW, Righter DJ. Systemic mycosis in three dogs from nonendemic regions. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2012; 48:411-6. [PMID: 23033460 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three dogs were examined for clinical signs ultimately attributed to systemic fungal infections. One dog was evaluated for chronic, ulcerated dermal lesions and lymphadenomegaly; one dog was examined for acute onset of unilateral blepharospasm; and one dog had diarrhea and hematochezia. Two of the dogs were diagnosed with blastomycosis (one with disseminated disease and the other with the disease localized to the left eye). The third dog was diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis. None of the dogs originated from, or had traveled to, typical regions endemic for these fungal diseases. All diagnoses were established from histopathology and either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or cytology and culture. The two dogs diagnosed with blastomycosis were treated with either itraconazole or ketoconazole with apparent resolution of the infections. The dog with ocular involvement had an enucleation prior to beginning therapy. The dog diagnosed with histoplasmosis was euthanized without treatment. In patients with characteristic clinical features, systemic fungal infections should still be considered as differential diagnoses regardless of their travel history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela L Pratt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Sinonasal aspergillosis is an uncommon, yet debilitating and often frustrating condition to treat in dogs despite years of research evaluating pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. The disease is most commonly caused by non-invasive fungal infection, thought to be secondary to altered innate and/or adaptive immune responses. Attempts to confirm this have however failed. A variety of conflicting opinions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal aspergillosis exist. Often the use of a particular treatment protocol is based upon personal or regional preference. Evaluation of the veterinary literature demonstrates that the evidence base in support of individual treatment recommendations is weak. A number of recent publications have helped to expand the current knowledge base and therefore our understanding of important practicalities for both diagnostic options and treatment protocols. The following review examines the current evidence for the pathogenesis of sinonasal aspergillosis in dogs, as well as the various diagnostic options. The available evidence for frequently utilised -therapeutic options and their likely outcomes is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sharman
- Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
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Vieson MD, Piñeyro P, LeRoith T. A review of the pathology and treatment of canine respiratory infections. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2012; 3:25-39. [PMID: 30155431 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s25021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous infectious agents are responsible for causing primary or secondary respiratory disease in dogs. These agents can cause upper or lower respiratory infections commonly observed in veterinary practices. Clinical signs might vary from mild dyspnea, sneezing, and coughing to severe pneumonia with systemic manifestations. Depending on the etiologic agent, the gross and microscopic changes observed during these infections can be rather unspecific or have highly characteristic patterns. While histopathology and cytology are not always required for diagnosis of respiratory infections, they are often useful for establishing a definitive diagnosis and identifying specific etiologic agents. Research regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and clinical manifestations related to these infectious pathogens provides valuable information that has improved treatments and management of the diseases they cause. This review discusses the epidemiology, general clinical characteristics, and pathologic lesions for some of the important viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic etiologies of canine respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda D Vieson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
| | - Tanya LeRoith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
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Santos CEPD, Santurio JM, Marques LC. Pitiose em animais de produção no Pantanal Matogrossense. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2011001200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Realizou-se, em quatro propriedades rurais no Pantanal Matogrossense, em 2009 e 2010, um estudo clínico e epidemiológico da pitiose em bovinos e equinos. A enfermidade ocorreu predominantemente entre os meses de novembro e março, correspondendo ao período chuvoso na região. A incidência média anual foi de 0,22% e 12,5% em bovinos e equinos, respectivamente. Nos bovinos, a distribuição dos casos ocorreu no ápice das cheias e restringiu-se a novilhas de 6 a 18 meses de idade, nas quais as lesões cutâneas estiveram associadas com edemas perilesionais discretos e claudicações, mas curaram espontaneamente, em um período máximo de 90 dias. Nos equinos, a pitiose acometeu animais de ambos os sexos, de três a oito anos de idade e registrou-se um caso de reinfecção. A doença evoluiu com agravos no sítio lesional, com desenvolvimento de extenso tecido de granulação, kunkersem permeio à lesão, acentuada caquexia e mortes, as quais ocorreram entre três e sete meses após o início dos sinais. A mortalidade média foi 5,88% e a letalidade 45,45%. A confirmação do diagnóstico incluiu ELISA-teste, PCR, histopatologia (HE e Grocott) e isolamento de P. insidiosum. Na área endêmica estudada, a enfermidade não causou impacto econômico em bovinos, a despeito da evolução insatisfatória registrada na maioria dos equinos. Nesse estudo, a incidência de pitiose em equinos foi 57,23 vezes a observada em bovinos, com significância estatística. Apesar das mesmas condições ambientais, tal diferença foi provavelmente associada com susceptibilidade, comportamento e manejo das espécies nos campos alagados.
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Gershenson RT, Melidone R, Sutherland-Smith J, Rogers CL. Abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with systemic fungal infection in a German shepherd dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2010; 47:45-9. [PMID: 21164161 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-5630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 2 yr old spayed female German shepherd presented with a chief complaint of acute onset paraparesis and weight loss. At presentation, the dog was pyrexic, nonambulatory, and had generalized muscle wasting. Neurolocalization was consistent with a thoracolumbar spinal cord lesion. An abdominal ultrasound was performed and revealed a focal dilation (4 cm) of the terminal aorta with evidence of blood stasis consistent with an aortic aneurysm. The dog was euthanized shortly after admission to the hospital and a post mortem examination was performed. Fungal organisms were identified in the aortic aneurysm as well as from the thoracic vertebrae, mesenteric lymph nodes, axillary lymph nodes, spleen, kidneys, liver, lungs, and heart. Although the morphology was consistent with Candida spp., immunohistochemistry and PCR could not definitively identify the causative organism. Mycotic aortic aneurysms are a rare finding in humans and have not been previously reported in the dog. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first known report of an aortic aneurysm associated with systemic fungal infection in a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Gershenson
- Angell Animal Medical Center Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Boston, MA, USA.
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Mandviwala T, Shinde R, Kalra A, Sobel JD, Akins RA. High-throughput identification and quantification of Candida species using high resolution derivative melt analysis of panfungal amplicons. J Mol Diagn 2009; 12:91-101. [PMID: 20007848 DOI: 10.2353/jmoldx.2010.090085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections pose unique challenges to molecular diagnostics; fungal molecular diagnostics consequently lags behind bacterial and viral counterparts. Nevertheless, fungal infections are often life-threatening, and early detection and identification of species is crucial to successful intervention. A high throughput PCR-based method is needed that is independent of culture, is sensitive to the level of one fungal cell per milliliter of blood or other tissue types, and is capable of detecting species and resistance mutations. We introduce the use of high resolution melt analysis, in combination with more sensitive, inclusive, and appropriately positioned panfungal primers, to address these needs. PCR-based amplification of the variable internal transcribed regions of the rDNA genes generates an amplicon whose sequence melts with a shape that is characteristic and therefore diagnostic of the species. Simple analysis of the differences between test and reference melt curves generates a single number that calls the species. Early indications suggest that high resolution melt analysis can distinguish all eight major species of Candida of clinical significance without interference from excess human DNA. Candida species, including mixed and novel species, can be identified directly in vaginal samples. This tool can potentially detect, count, and identify fungi in hundreds of samples per day without further manipulation, costs, or delays, offering a major step forward in fungal molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Mandviwala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Aspergillus Immunohistochemistry of Culture-proven Fungal Tissue Isolates Shows High Cross-reactivity. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2009; 17:524-9. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e3181a38e05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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