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Kornya M, Abrams-Ogg A, St-Jean C, Phillips E, Dickinson M, Collier A, Barry M, Durzi T, Khan O, Blois S. Point-of-care platelet function testing results in a dog with Bernard-Soulier syndrome. Vet Clin Pathol 2023; 52:569-575. [PMID: 37438861 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), also known as hemorrhagiparous thrombocytic dystrophy (OMIA 002207-9615), is a rare defect in platelet function recognized in both dogs and humans. It is caused by a deficiency in glycoprotein 1b-IX-V, the platelet surface protein which acts as a receptor for the von Willebrand factor. The characteristic features of BSS in humans and dogs include macrothrombocytes and mild-to-moderate thrombocytopenia with a bleeding tendency. This condition has previously been reported in European Cocker Spaniel dogs; however, the results of platelet function tests in these animals have not been reported. This case report describes a European Cocker Spaniel dog with spontaneously occurring Bernard-Soulier syndrome and the results of point-of-care platelet function tests, including a prolonged buccal mucosal bleeding time (>8 min), prolongation (>300 s) of PFA-200 COL/ADP, COL/EPI, and P2Y closure times, and reduced aggregation (15%-48%) with Plateletworks ADP, but with normal aggregation (92%) with Plateletworks AA. This is the first description of the results of platelet function tests in canine Bernard-Soulier syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kornya
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony Abrams-Ogg
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camille St-Jean
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Phillips
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Dickinson
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison Collier
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maureen Barry
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiffany Durzi
- Smith Lane Animal Hospital, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Khan
- Smith Lane Animal Hospital, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna Blois
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Kornya MR, Abrams-Ogg ACG, Blois SL, Wood RD. Validation of storage and shipping of feline blood samples for analysis on the Platelet Function Analyzer-200 for determining the effect of clopidogrel. Vet Clin Pathol 2023; 52:588-595. [PMID: 37488077 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Platelet function analyzer-200 (PFA-200) can determine the effect of clopidogrel in cats, but analysis traditionally must be performed at point-of-care (POC). The ability to ship samples of blood to a laboratory would allow widespread access. OBJECTIVES We aimed to validate the shipping of blood samples for PFA-200 analysis in cats to determine the effect of clopidogrel. METHODS Twenty healthy cats and 10 cats receiving clopidogrel were recruited. Blood was collected from cats and aliquoted into two samples, one was analyzed at POC within 2 hours using the PFA-200, and the other was packaged and transported to a location 4 km away, stored, and transported back to the lab for analysis the following day. RESULTS Median closure times (CTs) with the collagen/adenosine diphosphate (COL/ADP) cartridge in healthy cats were 51.5 seconds (POC) and 78.8 seconds (shipped), which were significantly different (P < 0.001), and for cats on clopidogrel, median CTs were 147.5 seconds (POC) and 190 seconds (shipped), which were not significantly different (P = 0.131). Median CTs with the P2Y cartridge in healthy cats were 50.5 seconds (POC) and 64.9 seconds (shipped), which were significantly different (P = 0.03), and in cats receiving clopidogrel, median CTs were 300 seconds (POC) and 300 seconds (shipped) which were not significantly different (P = 1.000). Reference intervals for CTs differed for COL/ADP at POC (19.8-89.7 seconds) and shipped (50.9-161.6 seconds) and for P2Y at POC (35.5-118.8 seconds) and shipped (35.1-108.9 seconds). Receiver operating characteristics showed similar areas under the curve (AUCROCs) regarding the effect of clopidogrel for COL/ADP at POC (0.994 seconds) and shipped (0.932) and for P2Y at POC (0.904 seconds) and shipped (0.975 seconds). When classifying for the presence of clopidogrel effects, Cohen's Kappa was 0.62 for COL/ADP and 1.00 for P2Y. CONCLUSIONS Shipping blood samples for PFA analysis are feasible with similar performance to POC analyses for determining the effect of clopidogrel in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kornya
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony C G Abrams-Ogg
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna L Blois
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Darren Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Herrería-Bustillo V, Masiá-Castillo M, Phillips HRP, Gil-Vicente L. Evaluation of the effect of etamsylate on thromboelastographic traces of canine blood with and without the addition of heparin. Vet Q 2023; 43:1-6. [PMID: 37715947 PMCID: PMC10548841 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2260449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of etamsylate on canine blood and heparinised canine blood from healthy dogs using thromboelastography (TEG). Citrated blood was obtained from twenty healthy client-owned dogs, and 3 experiments were performed. Experiment 1 compared TEG in blood versus blood with etamsylate (250 mM). Experiment 2 evaluated TEG in heparinised blood (1 U/mL) with and without the addition of etamsylate (250 mM). Experiment 3 evaluated dose escalation of etamsylate (control, 250 μM, 500 μM and 1000 μM) in heparinised blood (1 U/mL). The addition of etamsylate to canine blood in experiment 1 increased the percentage of clot lysis at 30 min (z = -2.103, p = .035) and 60 min (z = -1.988, p = .047), suggesting that etamsylate could have a fibrinolytic effect. When etamsylate was added to heparinised canine blood (1 U/mL), etamsylate produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the effect of heparin when higher concentrations of etamsylate were used (500 μM and 1000 μM). The linear mixed effects model showed significant increases in α angle and maximal amplitude when high dose etamsylate was added compared to the control. In conclusion, etamsylate could be used at higher doses to inhibit the effect of heparin in dogs when protamine might not be available. However, etamsylate might have a fibrinolytic effect when used in healthy dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Herrería-Bustillo
- Escuela de Doctorado. Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maite Masiá-Castillo
- Escuela de Doctorado. Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Helen R. P. Phillips
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Laura Gil-Vicente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
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Kornya MR, Abrams-Ogg ACG, Blois SL, Wood RD. Validation of Plateletworks ADP for the ProCyte Dx analyzer. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:518-527. [PMID: 36856192 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet function testing in cats allows determination of clopidogrel effect. Plateletworks assesses aggregation based on decreasing platelet counts on hematology analyzers in response to agonists. It has not been validated for the IDEXX ProCyte Dx analyzer. Ideal time to perform analysis and the utility of other platelet parameters have not been fully assessed. OBJECTIVES To validate Plateletworks ADP on the ProCyte Dx, to investigate the utility of various platelet parameters using Plateletworks ADP, and determine the ideal time to perform analysis. ANIMALS Twenty healthy cats recruited from the general population used for transference of reference intervals to a new analyzer, and 10 cats receiving clopidogrel to determine clopidogrel effect. METHODS Plateletworks ADP using the ProCyte Dx and ADVIA 2120i analyzer was run simultaneously in both healthy cats and cats receiving clopidogrel, and CBC results at different timepoints were compared between analyzers. RESULTS Aggregation was significantly different (P < .001) between analyzers. Cohen's kappa showed almost perfect agreement for determination of clopidogrel effect, and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic was 1.0. Lower limits of the aggregation reference interval in healthy cats were 28.8% on the ProCyte Dx and 12.5% on the ADVIA 2120i. Coefficients of variation for platelet parameters were not different between analyzers. No significant changes in mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, large platelets, and mean platelet component were identified. No significant change in aggregation was observed within the first hour after phlebotomy. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Our study validated the Plateletworks ADP system on the ProCyte Dx analyzer. Samples may be analyzed up to 1 h after collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kornya
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony C G Abrams-Ogg
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna L Blois
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Darren Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Lanier CJ, Taintor JS, Christopherson PW, Spangler EA. Effect of lactic acid addition to equine whole blood on platelet aggregation measured by impedance aggregometry. Vet Clin Pathol 2022; 51:65-69. [PMID: 34989029 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acidemia in sick or injured horses is often due to lactic acid accumulation. Alterations in platelet function and hemostasis are among numerous deleterious effects caused by decreased physiologic pH. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperlactatemia and resultant acidemia on platelet aggregation in equine whole blood using impedance aggregometry. METHODS Platelet aggregation was measured using the Multiplate analyzer in whole blood from 34 healthy horses at baseline and after in vitro addition of lactic acid to adjust the pH. Platelet aggregation of each sample was quantified by the area under the curve measurement reported by the Multiplate system. The association between platelet aggregation and pH was analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. The association of baseline platelet aggregation with hematocrits (Hcts), white blood cell (WBC) counts, and platelet counts was evaluated using Pearson's correlations. RESULTS There was a significant association between acidemia and decreased platelet aggregation. No significant correlations were detected between platelet aggregation and Hct, WBC count, or platelet count. Platelet aggregation measured in healthy horses using the Multiplate analyzer showed substantial variation between animals. CONCLUSIONS Acidemia caused by the addition of lactic acid to equine whole blood was associated with a mild though statistically significant decrease in platelet aggregation. In conjunction with other factors, this change may contribute to morbidity-related disorders of hemostasis, although its precise clinical relevance is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lanier
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer S Taintor
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Peter W Christopherson
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Spangler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Heimgartner LM, Stirn M, Kutter APN, Sigrist NE, Jud Schefer R. Whole blood platelet impedance aggregometry with the ROTEM platelet device: comparison of 2 anticoagulants and storage times for the establishment of canine reference intervals. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 34:15-22. [PMID: 34654336 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211051329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ROTEM platelet device, a point-of-care whole blood platelet impedance aggregometer, is an add-on to the rotational thromboelastometry ROTEM delta device. The latter has been validated in dogs. We examined whether canine whole blood is suited for analysis with the ROTEM platelet device using adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (ARA) as agonists for platelet activation, and if there are significant differences between sample storage times and anticoagulants used. Subsequently, we determined canine reference intervals (RIs) for the ROTEM platelet device for ADP and ARA. In a pilot study, we examined whole blood from 7 dogs after 15-min and 60-min storage of lithium-heparinized samples and 40-min and 80-min storage of hirudinized samples. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between ROTEM platelet device results for both ADP and ARA in lithium-heparin and hirudin anticoagulated canine whole blood. Lithium-heparinized blood samples analyzed after 15-min storage had the lowest coefficient of variation. RIs were determined for heparinized whole blood samples from 49 dogs after 15 min of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Heimgartner
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Stirn
- Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette P N Kutter
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department for Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadja E Sigrist
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Jud Schefer
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yankin I, Carver AM, Koenigshof AM. The use of impedance aggregometry to evaluate platelet function after the administration of DDAVP in healthy dogs treated with aspirin or clopidogrel. Am J Vet Res 2021; 82:823-828. [PMID: 34554870 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.82.10.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of 1-Desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP; desmopressin acetate) on platelet aggregation in healthy dogs receiving aspirin or clopidogrel. ANIMALS 7 healthy staff-owned dogs. PROCEDURES In this randomized double-blinded crossover study, impedance aggregometry was performed on samples of lithium-heparinized whole blood samples from dogs before (T0) treatment with aspirin (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h for 4 days; ASP group) or clopidogrel (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h for 4 days; CLP group) and then before (T1) and after (T2) treatment with DDAVP (0.3 μg/kg, IV, once). There was a 14-day washout period before the crossover component. Aggregometry was performed with 4 different assays, each of which involved a different agonist reagent to stimulate platelet function: ADP, thrombin receptor activating peptide-6, arachidonic acid, or collagen type 1. RESULTS Median results for platelet aggregometry with agonist reagents ADP, arachidonic acid, or thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 significantly decreased between T0 and T1 for the CLP group; however, no meaningful difference in platelet aggregation was detected in the ASP group. Results for platelet aggregometry did not differ substantially between T1 and T2 regardless of treatment group or assay. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings suggested that administration of DDAVP may have no effect on platelet aggregation (measured with platelet aggregometry) in healthy dogs treated with clopidogrel. Because no inhibition of platelet aggregation was detected for dogs in the ASP group, no conclusion could be made regarding the effects of DDAVP administered to dogs treated with aspirin.
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Wilkinson A, Panciera D, DeMonaco S, Boes K, Leib M, Clapp K, Ruth J, Cecere T, McClendon D. Platelet function in dogs with chronic liver disease. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 63:120-127. [PMID: 33900656 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess platelet function, buccal mucosal bleeding time and plasma von Willebrand factor concentration in dogs with chronic inflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease and to compare results with those obtained in healthy dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preliminary study including 18 dogs with chronic inflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease undergoing liver biopsy and 18 healthy age-matched control dogs. Platelet function was assessed by measuring closure time with the PFA-100® analyser using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as an agonist. Buccal mucosal bleeding time, closure time and plasma von Willebrand factor antigen were measured in dogs in both groups. After undergoing ultrasound-guided needle biopsy, dogs were monitored for haemorrhage to determine if there was an association of any measurement with post-biopsy bleeding. RESULTS The closure time was not different between the liver disease group (median 76.3; range 53 to 118.5 seconds) and control group (72.8; 57 to 89.5 seconds). The buccal mucosal bleeding time was longer in the liver disease group (median 138; range 95 to 229 seconds) than the control group (103; 63 to 200 seconds). The plasma von Willebrand factor antigen concentration was not different between the liver disease group (median 203; range 109 to 351%) and control group (165.5; 63 to 246%). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, dogs with chronic necroinflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease did not have overt, clinically relevant derangements in platelet function as assessed by buccal mucosal bleeding time, closure time and von Willebrand factor analysis. In addition, none of the dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy in the study exhibited bleeding complications post-biopsy procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilkinson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - D Panciera
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - S DeMonaco
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - K Boes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - M Leib
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - K Clapp
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J Ruth
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - T Cecere
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - D McClendon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Gant P, McBride D, Humm K. Abnormal platelet activity in dogs and cats - impact and measurement. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:3-18. [PMID: 31919851 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal platelet activity can either lead to bleeding tendencies or inappropriate thrombus formation and can occur secondarily to a wide variety of disease processes, with a range of clinical consequences and severity. This article will discuss the pathophysiology of platelet function abnormalities and consider a logical diagnostic approach applicable to veterinary practice. Recent advances in platelet function testing will then be discussed, with regards to detection of platelet dysfunction and tailoring of pharmacological manipulation. Although many of these tests are still confined to research or academic institutions, techniques for indirectly assessing platelet function are starting to become more widely available. Although we still require further research to develop guidelines for the use of these tests in clinical decision-making, the recent advances in this field are an exciting step forward in being able to detect and manage platelet dysfunction in both primary care and referral practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gant
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - D McBride
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - K Humm
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
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Cortese L, Christopherson PW, Pelagalli A. Platelet Function and Therapeutic Applications in Dogs: Current Status and Future Prospects. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E201. [PMID: 31991713 PMCID: PMC7071006 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the functional characterization of canine platelets in the last two decades. The role of canine platelets in hemostasis includes their adhesion to the subendothelium, activation, and aggregation, leading to primary clot formation at the site of injury. Studies on canine platelet function and advancements in laboratory testing have improved the diagnosis and understanding of platelet-related disorders as well as the knowledge of the mechanisms behind these diseases. This review focuses on the most recent discoveries in canine platelet structure, function, and disorders; and discusses the efficacy of various tests in the diagnosis of platelet-related disorders. With the relatively recent discovery of angiogenetic and reparative effects of growth factors found in platelets, this review also summarizes the use of canine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) alone or in association with stem cells in regenerative therapy. The characterization of proteomic and lipidomic profiles and development of platelet gene therapy in veterinary species are areas of future study with potential for major therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cortese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pete W. Christopherson
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Alessandra Pelagalli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
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11
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Burkett BN, Thomason JM, Hurdle HM, Wills RW, Fontenot RL. Effects of Firocoxib, Flunixin Meglumine, and Phenylbutazone on Platelet Function and Thromboxane Synthesis in Healthy Horses. Vet Surg 2016; 45:1087-1094. [PMID: 27731498 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) on platelet function and thromboxane synthesis immediately after drug administration and following 5 days of NSAID administration in healthy horses. STUDY DESIGN Randomized cross-over study. ANIMALS Healthy adult horses (n=9; 6 geldings and 3 mares). METHODS Horses received either flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg IV every 12 hours), phenylbutazone (2.2 mg/kg IV every 12 hours), or firocoxib (loading dose of 0.27 mg/kg IV on day 1, then 0.09 mg/kg IV every 24 hours for 4 days) for a total of 5 days. Blood samples were collected prior to drug administration (day 0), 1 hour after initial NSAID administration (day 1), and then 1 hour post-NSAID administration on day 5. Platelet function was assessed using turbidimetric aggregometry and a platelet function analyzer. Serum thromboxane B2 concentrations were determined by commercial ELISA kit. A minimum 14 day washout period occurred between trials. RESULTS At 1 hour and 5 days postadministration of firocoxib, flunixin meglumine, or phenylbutazone, there was no significant effect on platelet aggregation or function using turbidimetric aggregometry or a platelet function analyzer. There was, however, a significant decrease in thromboxane synthesis at 1 hour and 5 days postadministration of flunixin meglumine and phenylbutazone that was not seen with firocoxib. CONCLUSION Preoperative administration of flunixin meglumine, phenylbutazone, or firocoxib should not inhibit platelet function based on our model. The clinical implications of decreased thromboxane B2 synthesis following flunixin meglumine and phenylbutazone administration are undetermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna N Burkett
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - John M Thomason
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - Holly M Hurdle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - Robert W Wills
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - Robin L Fontenot
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi.
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Zanuzzo FS, Teixeira-Neto FJ, Thomazini CM, Takahira RK, Conner B, Diniz MS. Effects of dipyrone, meloxicam, or the combination on hemostasis in conscious dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2015; 25:512-20. [DOI: 10.1111/vec.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe S. Zanuzzo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); CEP 18618-970 Botucatu Brazil
| | | | - Camila M. Thomazini
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); CEP 18618-970 Botucatu Brazil
| | - Regina K. Takahira
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); CEP 18618-970 Botucatu Brazil
| | - Bobbi Conner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Miriely S. Diniz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); CEP 18618-970 Botucatu Brazil
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Huo H, Li YM. Clinical relevance of platelets and D-dimer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:4360-4363. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i28.4360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect platelet count and D-dimer levels in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and to analyze their correlation with disease status and clinical treatment.
METHODS: Two hundred patients treated at our hospital from January 2011 to June 2013 were included and divided into either an active UC group (n = 100) or a UC remission group (n = 100). One hundred healthy controls were also included. Platelet count, D-dimer levels, and indicators of disease status were analyzed and compared among the three groups.
RESULTS: Patients with active UC and UC patients in remission showed diarrhea, abdominal pain and bloating and other symptoms. Platelet count and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the active UC group than in the UC remission group and normal control group (463.7 × 109/L ± 121.4 × 109/L vs 177.4 × 109/L ± 25.9 × 109/L, 174.7 × 109/L ± 24.3 × 109/L; 0.9 mg/L ± 0.2 mg/L vs 0.4 mg/L ± 0.1 mg/L, 0.3 mg/L ± 0.1 mg/L, P < 0.05), in patients with severe active UC than in those with mild and moderate active UC (495.3 × 109/L ± 150.5 ×109/L vs 484.6 × 109/L ± 145.4 × 109/L, 384.7 × 109/L ± 112.6 × 109/L; 1.1 mg/L ± 0.2 mg/L vs 0.8 mg/L ± 0.1 mg/L, 0.7 mg/L ± 0.1 mg/L, P < 0.05), and in patients with entire colon involvement than in those with rectum/colon, left colon or regional colon involvement (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Platelet count and D-dimer are closely related to UC activity and severity, and have appreciated significance for clinical diagnosis of this disease.
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Platelet parameters from an automated hematology analyzer in dogs with inflammatory clinical diseases. Vet J 2014; 201:406-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Bucknoff MC, Hanel RM, Marks SL, Motsinger-Reif AA, Suter SE. Evaluation of thromboelastography for prediction of clinical bleeding in thrombocytopenic dogs after total body irradiation and hematopoietic cell transplantation. Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:425-32. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.5.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lenox CE, Bauer JE. Potential adverse effects of omega-3 Fatty acids in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27:217-26. [PMID: 23323770 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish oil omega-3 fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, are used in the management of several diseases in companion animal medicine, many of which are inflammatory in nature. This review describes metabolic differences among omega-3 fatty acids and outlines potential adverse effects that may occur with their supplementation in dogs and cats with a special focus on omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil. Important potential adverse effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation include altered platelet function, gastrointestinal adverse effects, detrimental effects on wound healing, lipid peroxidation, potential for nutrient excess and toxin exposure, weight gain, altered immune function, effects on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity, and nutrient-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Lenox
- Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, TX 77027, USA.
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