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Nunes NJS, Valle SDF, Okano FY, Almeida BA, Menin A, Costa FVA, Duda NCB, González FHD. Reference intervals for bone marrow cells in juvenile and young adult cats bone marrow cytology. Vet Clin Pathol 2024; 53:280-284. [PMID: 38684480 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current bone marrow (BM) reference intervals (RI) are based on a limited number of cats. Age-related changes in BM variables might be important,possibly affecting the interpretation of the results. OBJECTIVES Establish BM cytologic reference intervals (RIs) and association of age and sex on these findings, in healthy juvenile and young adult cats. METHODS BM aspirates of cats deemed healthy based on history and clinical, CBC, serum chemistry findings, and negative retrovirus serology were obtained and examined cytologically. The examination included a 1000-nucleated differential cell count and cell morphologic assessment. RIs were calculated using parametric, robust, and nonparametric methods. The cytologic findings were examined for associations with sex and age. RESULTS The study included 40 cats (females, 22 [55%]; males, 18 [45%]) with a median age of 1.5 years (range 0.5-5). Most calculated RIs were similar to those previously reported. BM plasma cell and monocyte counts were weakly and positively correlated with age (rs, .312 and .373, respectively; P < .05). Metarubricytes were higher infemales (mean, 25.1%; SD, 6.0%) than males (mean, 21.2%; SD, 6.0%; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The BM differential cell counts determined in this study can serve as RIs for cats aged 0.5-5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilson J S Nunes
- Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Stella de Faria Valle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Y Okano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angélica Menin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda V A Costa
- Department of Animal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Naila C B Duda
- Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Félix H D González
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Purbantoro SD, Taephatthanasagon T, Purwaningrum M, Hirankanokchot T, Peralta S, Fiani N, Sawangmake C, Rattanapuchpong S. Trends of regenerative tissue engineering for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1325559. [PMID: 38450027 PMCID: PMC10915013 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1325559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial (OMF) defects are not limited to humans and are often encountered in other species. Reconstructing significant tissue defects requires an excellent strategy for efficient and cost-effective treatment. In this regard, tissue engineering comprising stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules is emerging as an innovative approach to treating OMF defects in veterinary patients. This review presents a comprehensive overview of OMF defects and tissue engineering principles to establish proper treatment and achieve both hard and soft tissue regeneration in veterinary practice. Moreover, bench-to-bedside future opportunities and challenges of tissue engineering usage are also addressed in this literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Dwi Purbantoro
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teeanutree Taephatthanasagon
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Medania Purwaningrum
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Thanyathorn Hirankanokchot
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Santiago Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rattanapuchpong
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academic Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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3
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Amorrortu R, Garcia M, Zhao Y, El Naqa I, Balagurunathan Y, Chen DT, Thieu T, Schabath MB, Rollison DE. Overview of approaches to estimate real-world disease progression in lung cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad074. [PMID: 37738580 PMCID: PMC10637832 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized clinical trials of novel treatments for solid tumors normally measure disease progression using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. However, novel, scalable approaches to estimate disease progression using real-world data are needed to advance cancer outcomes research. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize examples from the existing literature on approaches to estimate real-world disease progression and their relative strengths and limitations, using lung cancer as a case study. METHODS A narrative literature review was conducted in PubMed to identify articles that used approaches to estimate real-world disease progression in lung cancer patients. Data abstracted included data source, approach used to estimate real-world progression, and comparison to a selected gold standard (if applicable). RESULTS A total of 40 articles were identified from 2008 to 2022. Five approaches to estimate real-world disease progression were identified including manual abstraction of medical records, natural language processing of clinical notes and/or radiology reports, treatment-based algorithms, changes in tumor volume, and delta radiomics-based approaches. The accuracy of these progression approaches were assessed using different methods, including correlations between real-world endpoints and overall survival for manual abstraction (Spearman rank ρ = 0.61-0.84) and area under the curve for natural language processing approaches (area under the curve = 0.86-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Real-world disease progression has been measured in several observational studies of lung cancer. However, comparing the accuracy of methods across studies is challenging, in part, because of the lack of a gold standard and the different methods used to evaluate accuracy. Concerted efforts are needed to define a gold standard and quality metrics for real-world data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melany Garcia
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yayi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Issam El Naqa
- Department of Machine Learning, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bionformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Thanh Thieu
- Department of Machine Learning, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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de Cristo TG, Biezus G, Ledo G, Teixeira MBS, Vavassori M, Soares DR, Saito ME, Casagrande RA. Overview of Bone Marrow Aspiration from 120 Cats in Different Hematological Conditions. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:2493618. [PMID: 37649553 PMCID: PMC10465254 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2493618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) evaluation is highly important for the diagnosis of numerous hematological alterations in animals, especially cats, given their greater propensity for hematopoietic changes associated with retrovirus infections. This study aims to describe the main aspects of the BM of cats with different hematological conditions, comparing with reference intervals established from animals without hematological alterations and also with a previously established reference interval. To do so, we evaluated full blood and BM samples from 120 cats with no abnormalities on physical examination, negative for FeLV and FIV. Hemograms were performed from automated total cell and platelet and leukocyte differential counts in blood smears. BM samples were placed in Petri dishes; medullary spicules were selected to make up to eight cytological slides stained by the May-Grunwald-Giemsa technique, which were subjected to quantitative and cellular morphology evaluations. The cats were predominantly young, 64.2% female and 35.8% male. The average number of medullary spicules in samples was 13.7%, and density was 44%. In the BM quantitative analysis, prorubricytes and rubriblasts had higher quantities than the recommended one for all cats with or without hematological alterations. In all groups, lymphocytes were decreased, and cats with lymphocytosis were closest to the reference range, showing flame cells and Mott cells. The reference interval for the bone marrow cell count obtained from the samples in this work differs from previously established data, leading to different interpretations of the patient's BM condition, according to the cell population observed and the reference interval used. This divergence strongly emphasizes the need to correlate clinical, epidemiological, hematological, and bone marrow data of each patient for a better understanding of the patient's condition. The popularization of BM assessment is essential so that more reliable reference intervals can be established according to the population served by each pathologist and clinical laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry G. de Cristo
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Giovana Biezus
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Geanice Ledo
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcela B. S. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Mayara Vavassori
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária (LPCV), Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV), UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Denilson R. Soares
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária (LPCV), Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV), UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Mere E. Saito
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária (LPCV), Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV), UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Renata A. Casagrande
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil
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5
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Messick JB. A Primer for the Evaluation of Bone Marrow. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:241-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Varjão NM, Araújo IBDO, Hlavac N, Nunes TL, Varjão BM, de Pinho FA, Barrouin-Melo SM. Histopathological Parameters of Canine Bone Marrow in Cell-Block Preparations. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 45:100552. [PMID: 34126227 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies using the cell-block technique for bone marrow (BM) analysis are limited in the veterinary literature. This work assessed whether the histopathological analysis of canine BM was feasible using cell-block cytoinclusions prepared from fine-needle sternal aspirate samples. Eight clinically healthy young-to-middle-aged dogs underwent both fine-needle sternal aspiration for BM cell-block (BM-Cb) processing and iliac-crest BM core biopsy (BM-B). Histopathologic parameters were compared between the 2 methods. There were no statistically significant histopathological differences between hematopoietic tissue areas (P = .6294) in the BM-Cb and BM-B sections, and they had similar microscopic characteristics and microarchitecture. Cellularity and reticulin-fiber staining were equivalent in the BM-Cb and BM-B preparations in 87.5% (7/8) and 100% (8/8) of the sections, respectively. However, the quantitative results of the megakaryocytic series differed between BM-Cb and BM-B in 37.5% (3/8) of the sections, and the myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratios differed between the 2 methods in 25% (2/8). These preliminary data indicate that cell-block preparations made from sternal fine-needle aspiration samples warrant continued evaluation in a larger number of animals, including those with various diseases affecting the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Milen Varjão
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Hlavac
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Talyta Lins Nunes
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Bruno Milen Varjão
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Flaviane Alves de Pinho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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7
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Rodríguez-Alarcón CA, Beristain-Ruiz DM, Olivares-Muñoz A, Quezada-Casasola A, Pérez-Casio F, Álvarez-Martínez JA, Tapia-Alanís J, Lira-Amaya JJ, Rivera-Barreno R, Cera-Hurtado OS, Ibancovichi-Camarillo JA, Soon-Gómez L, Adame-Gallegos JR, Figueroa-Millán JV. Demonstrating the presence of Ehrlichia canis DNA from different tissues of dogs with suspected subclinical ehrlichiosis. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:518. [PMID: 33059758 PMCID: PMC7561240 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, Ehrlichia canis receives increasing attention because of its great morbidity and mortality in animals. Dogs in the subclinical and chronic phases can be asymptomatic, and serological tests show cross-reactivity and fail to differentiate between current and past infections. Moreover, there could be low parasitaemia, and E. canis might be found only in target organs, hence causing results to be negative by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood samples. Methods We evaluated by PCR the prevalence of E. canis in blood, liver, spleen, lymph node and bone marrow samples of 59 recently euthanised dogs that had ticks but were clinically healthy. Results In total, 52.55% of the blood PCRs for E. canis were negative, yet 61.30% yielded positive results from tissue biopsies and were as follows: 63.15% from bone marrow; 52.63% from liver; 47.36% from spleen; and 15.78% from lymph node. In addition, 33% had infection in three tissues (spleen, liver and bone marrow). Conclusions Our results show the prevalence of E. canis from tissues of dogs that were negative by blood PCR. Ehrlichia canis DNA in tissue was 30% lower in dogs that tested negative in PCR of blood samples compared to those that were positive. However, it must be taken into account that some dogs with negative results were positive for E. canis in other tissues.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Rodríguez-Alarcón
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - Diana M Beristain-Ruiz
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México.
| | - Angélica Olivares-Muñoz
- Veterinary and Zootechnic Faculty, Universidad Veracruzana, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo s/n esq. Yáñez, Col. Unidad Veracruzana, 91710, Veracruz, México
| | - Andrés Quezada-Casasola
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - Federico Pérez-Casio
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - Jesús A Álvarez-Martínez
- CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad. INIFAP, Km. 11.5 de la Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla, 62550, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, México
| | - Jane Tapia-Alanís
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - José J Lira-Amaya
- CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad. INIFAP, Km. 11.5 de la Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla, 62550, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, México
| | - Ramón Rivera-Barreno
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - Orlando S Cera-Hurtado
- Veterinary Science Department, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente y Estocolmo s/n, Zona PRONAF, 32310, Juárez, México
| | - José A Ibancovichi-Camarillo
- Department of Veterinary Anesthesia, Analgesia and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, 50090, Toluca, México
| | - Luis Soon-Gómez
- Municipal Anti-Rabies Center, Jurisdicción Sanitaria II, Servicios de Salud de Chihuahua, Calle Sevilla 4241, Colonia San Antonio, 32250, Juárez, México
| | - Jaime R Adame-Gallegos
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Campus 2, Circuito Universitario s/n, 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - Julio V Figueroa-Millán
- CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad. INIFAP, Km. 11.5 de la Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla, 62550, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, México
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Correal ML, Camplesi AC, Anai LA, Bertolo PHL, Vasconcelos RDO, Santana ÁE. Toxicity of a methotrexate metronomic schedule in Wistar rats. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:379-385. [PMID: 32755752 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metronomic chemotherapy is a relevant strategy that uses low doses of antineoplastic drugs for sustained periods to control tumor growth, an alternative frequently utilized in veterinary patients. This work aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of a metronomic oral dose of methotrexate (MTX) for 45 days in tumor-free Wistar rats when compared with control animals. Clinical alterations, body weight, food, and water intake were monitored daily, and bone marrow suppression, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed at three points (days 30, 45, and 60). MTX-treated animals did not demonstrate severe systemic involvement. At 30 days, compared with control animals, MTX-treated animals showed significant leukocytosis (11.9 ± 2.3 vs. 7.8 ± 0.2 106/μL; P < .05) and augmentation of immature myeloid populations from bone marrow (9.0 ± 0.8 vs. 6.5 ± 1.5%; P < .05), and at 60 days, treated animals showed significant neutrophilia (35.0 ± 11.0 vs. 23.00 ± 3.0%; P < .05), depletion of bone marrow lymphocytes (8.2 ± 0.7 vs. 11.5 ± 1.9%; P < .05), and immature myeloid populations (7.2 ± 0.7 vs. 8.3 ± 0.6%; P < .05). At a histopathological level, splenic hypoplasia and respiratory inflammatory lesions were significant when compared with control animals, presenting mild to moderate myelotoxicity, immune suppression, and associated clinical compromise that persisted beyond treatment withdrawal. This suggested that MTX metronomic toxicity should not be neglected owing to the observed residual side-effects and special care should be taken regarding myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lucía Correal
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
| | - Annelise Carla Camplesi
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Abrahão Anai
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Henrique Leal Bertolo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
| | - Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
| | - Áureo Evangelista Santana
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP, Brazil.
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Robin E, Le Boedec K. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 256:179-182. [PMID: 31910086 DOI: 10.2460/javma.256.2.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Duda NCB, Ortiz LC, Valle SF, da Costa FVA, Varela APM, Nunes NJS, Okano FY, Franco AC, Roehe PM, González FHD. Laboratory and clinical findings and their association with viral and proviral loads in cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 71:101491. [PMID: 32450457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to correlate clinical, laboratory, and bone marrow (BM) changes in cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus and their association with viral loads in blood and BM and proviral loads in BM. Cats were classified into five groups based on antigenemia, clinical and/or laboratory findings and viral/proviral loads, according to a prospective study: symptomatic progressive (GI); asymptomatic progressive (GII); regressive (GIII); unclassified (GIV); or healthy (GV). |Correlations between these five groups and viral/proviral loads were evaluated. High viral and proviral loads were detected in GI and GII and viral loads were significantly associated with laboratory signs. Proviral loads detected in BM were significantly lower in GIII and GIV. GI cats were more likely to develop hematopoietic disorders than those from the other groups. Hematological and clinical disorders and disease severity are related to higher viral blood and proviral BM loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila C B Duda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucía Cano Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Stella Faria Valle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda V A da Costa
- Department of Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Yuji Okano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Franco
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Roehe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Félix H D González
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Holanda LCD, Almeida TLACD, Mesquita RMD, Oliveira Júnior MBD, Oliveira AADF. ACHADOS HEMATOLÓGICOS EM SANGUE E MEDULA ÓSSEA DE CÃES NATURALMENTE INFECTADOS POR Ehrlichia spp. E Anaplasma spp. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v20e-47686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os achados hematológicos em sangue periférico e medula óssea em cães infectados por Ehrlichia spp. e Anaplasma spp.. Avaliaram-se 44 cães com suspeita clínica de hemoparasitose, de diferentes raças, idades e de ambos os sexos, submetidos ao exame sorológico pelo SNAP Test, a análises hematológicas e mielograma. Dos 44 cães avaliados, 63,6% (28/44) foram sorologicamente reagentes, sendo 57,1% (16/28) positivos para Ehrlichia spp., 21,4% (6/28) para Anaplasma spp. e 21,4% (6/28) de coinfectados. A trombocitopenia foi a alteração hematológica mais frequente em cães positivos para Ehrlichia spp., presente em 93,7% (15/16) (p=0,015) dos animais, enquanto a anemia macrocítica e hipocrômica prevaleceu em 66,7% (4/6) (p=0,010) dos animais infectados por Anaplasma spp.. Ao mielograma, 62,5% (10/16) (p=0,005) dos animais positivos para Ehrlichia spp. apresentaram hipoplasia medular e 75,0% (12/16) (p=0,044) diminuição do índice mieloide:eritroide (M:E). Nos animais positivos para Anaplasma spp., destacou-se a hiperplasia da série eritroide em 50,0% (3/6) (p=0,022) dos cães. Não houve associação significativa em nenhuma das análises com o grupo coinfecção (p>0,05). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo permitem inferir que o somatório de métodos laboratoriais é essencial na caracterização das hemoparasitoses em cães, agregando valor e permitindo uma efetiva consolidação do diagnóstico relacionado a essas doenças.
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Gal A, Burchell RK, Worth AJ, Lopez-Villallobos N, Marshall JC, MacNeill AL. The Site of Bone Marrow Acquisition Affects the Myeloid to Erythroid Ratio in Apparently Healthy Dogs. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:853-860. [PMID: 29940832 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818780469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) cytology and histopathology are complementary tools used to investigate hematological diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are site-dependent differences in the diagnostic quality, myeloid to erythroid ratio (MER), and discordant findings in samples from different sites in the same dog. Eighteen apparently healthy dogs were used in the study. The sequence of sample acquisition was randomized according to a Latin square, and samples for BM cytology and histology were collected from both humeri and both ilial crests immediately after death. Board-certified clinical and anatomical pathologists read the cytology and histology, respectively. The data were analyzed using a mixed-effect model. The site of BM acquisition did not affect BM sample quality. The rate of discordant clinical findings between sites was 0.05 (95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.13). In general, by cytology, the MERs were slightly but significantly greater in samples from the ilial crests than from the humeri ( P = .01). The measured MER for histology was nearly twice that for cytology for all sites ( P < .001). In conclusion, there was a low-rate, site-dependent discordance in diagnostic findings in BM samples and differences in MER between the ilial crest and the humerus. A similar study is justified in sick dogs with hematological disease to determine the effect of sampling site on discordant findings between sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Gal
- 1 School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Richard K Burchell
- 1 School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J Worth
- 1 School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Jonathan C Marshall
- 2 Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Amy L MacNeill
- 3 Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Mylonakis ME, Theodorou KN. Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis: An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/acve-2017-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a tick-borne disease of worldwide distribution. The major causative agent is Ehrlichia canis, a gram-negative, obligate intracellular, pleomorphic bacterium of the genus Ehrlichia, which infects monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes, forming intracytoplasmic, membrane-bound bacterial aggregates, called morulae. After an incubation period of 8-20 days, the course of E. canis infection, can be sequentially divided into acute, subclinical and chronic phases, although these phases can hardly be distinguished in the clinical setting. Clinical recovery is the typical outcome of acutely infected dogs, entering the subclinical phase, during which they show no or minimal clinical signs and/or mild hematological abnormalities. Immunocompetent dogs may eliminate the infection during the acute or subclinical phases, but an unpredictable proportion of dogs will eventually develop the chronic phase, characterized by aplastic pancytopenia and high mortality, due to septicemia and/or severe bleeding. This article outlines briefly the pathogenesis of CME due to E. canis, and more thoroughly reviews the recent scientific literature pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathios E. Mylonakis
- Konstantina N. Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Konstantina N. Theodorou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki , Greece
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De Tommasi AS, Otranto D, Furlanello T, Tasca S, Cantacessi C, Breitschwerdt EB, Stanneck D, Dantas-Torres F, Baneth G, Capelli G, de Caprariis D. Evaluation of blood and bone marrow in selected canine vector-borne diseases. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:534. [PMID: 25441458 PMCID: PMC4261574 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow (BM) is a major hematopoietic organ that can harbour a variety of vector-borne pathogens; however, knowledge of BM pathological changes in dogs infected with vector-borne pathogens is limited. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the pathological changes in canine BM associated with natural infections by four vector-borne pathogens, as well as to determine the relationships between such changes and abnormalities of the peripheral blood. METHODS Cytological disorders and pathological changes of the BM of 83 dogs naturally-infected with one or more of four vector-borne pathogens (i.e., Anaplasma platys, Leishmania infantum, Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis) were evaluated and compared with the corresponding hematological findings. RESULTS Dysgranulopoiesis and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis were the most frequently observed BM abnormalities in infected dogs. Erythroid suppression, and lymphocytic, monocytic and macrophage hyperplasia were also observed. Interestingly, associations between suppression and hyperplasia of specific cell lines in the marrow and corresponding changes in numbers of circulating peripheral blood cells were not observed. CONCLUSIONS Infections with one or more of the vector-borne pathogens examined in this study should be considered as differential diagnoses for secondary dysmyelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Silvia Tasca
- Laboratorio d'Analisi Veterinarie "San Marco", Padova, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Cantacessi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Edward B Breitschwerdt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
| | | | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalãhes Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Gad Baneth
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Gioia Capelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratory of Parasitology, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Donato de Caprariis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
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