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Suksangvoravong H, Choisunirachon N, Tongloy T, Chuwongin S, Boonsang S, Kittichai V, Thanaboonnipat C. Automatic classification and grading of canine tracheal collapse on thoracic radiographs by using deep learning. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 39012062 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Tracheal collapse is a chronic and progressively worsening disease; the severity of clinical symptoms experienced by affected individuals depends on the degree of airway collapse. Cutting-edge automated tools are necessary to modernize disease screening using radiographs across various veterinary settings, such as animal clinics and hospitals. This is primarily due to the inherent challenges associated with interpreting uncertainties among veterinarians. In this study, an artificial intelligence model was developed to screen canine tracheal collapse using archived lateral cervicothoracic radiographs. This model can differentiate between a normal and collapsed trachea, ranging from early to severe degrees. The you-only-look-once (YOLO) models, including YOLO v3, YOLO v4, and YOLO v4 tiny, were used to train and test data sets under the in-house XXX platform. The results showed that the YOLO v4 tiny-416 model had satisfactory performance in screening among the normal trachea, grade 1-2 tracheal collapse, and grade 3-4 tracheal collapse with 98.30% sensitivity, 99.20% specificity, and 98.90% accuracy. The area under the curve of the precision-recall curve was >0.8, which demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy. The intraobserver agreement between deep learning and radiologists was κ = 0.975 (P < .001), with all observers having excellent agreement (κ = 1.00, P < .001). The intraclass correlation coefficient between observers was >0.90, which represented excellent consistency. Therefore, the deep learning model can be a useful and reliable method for effective screening and classification of the degree of tracheal collapse based on routine lateral cervicothoracic radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathaiphat Suksangvoravong
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nan Choisunirachon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerawat Tongloy
- College of Advanced Manufacturing Innovation, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Santhad Chuwongin
- College of Advanced Manufacturing Innovation, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siridech Boonsang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Veerayuth Kittichai
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutimon Thanaboonnipat
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Robin T, Robin E, Le Boedec K. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of complications after tracheal stenting in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:2034-2044. [PMID: 38822531 PMCID: PMC11256162 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stenting has become popular to treat tracheal collapse in dogs, but complications might arise and negatively affect treatment outcome. OBJECTIVES Determine the overall prevalence of complications of tracheal stenting in dogs. METHODS A bibliographic search was performed of publications from 2000 to 2020. Studies were assessed for quality of evidence and measured prevalence of the 8 most commonly reported complications after tracheal stenting in dogs (stent fracture, stent migration, relapsing collapse, granuloma formation, tracheobronchial infections, and early, late, and clinically relevant late cough). Random effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled complications prevalence. RESULTS Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria. Cough (early: 99%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 95%-100%, late: 75%; 95% CI: 63%-85%, and clinically relevant: 52%; 95% CI: 42%-61%), tracheobronchial infections (24%; 95% CI: 14%-35%), and granulomas (20%; 95% CI: 11%-30%) were common after tracheal stenting. Stent fractures (12%; 95% CI: 5%-20%), relapsing collapse (10%; 95% CI: 5%-15%), and stent migration (5%; 95% CI: 1%-9%) were less frequent. Significant heterogeneity among studies was identified for the estimated prevalence of stent fracture, granulomas, infections, and late cough. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Tracheal stenting in dogs is associated with a high risk of coughing and a moderate risk of tracheobronchial infections and granuloma formation. Because most complications will impact a dog's quality of life, owners must be informed that tracheal stenting is a second-line procedure that does not necessarily alleviate the need for medical treatment and frequent follow-up visits. Additional studies are warranted to identify the risk factors of these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Robin
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia FranceParisFrance
| | - Elisabeth Robin
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia FranceParisFrance
| | - Kevin Le Boedec
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia FranceParisFrance
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3
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Carr SV, Reinero C, Rishniw M, Pritchard JC. Specialists' approach to tracheal collapse: survey-based opinions on diagnostics, medical management, and comorbid diseases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 261:80-86. [PMID: 36166502 DOI: 10.2460/javma.22.03.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the current standard of care among specialists for the routine diagnostic evaluation and medical management of stable tracheal collapse in dogs, identifying gaps between practice and scientific evidence to facilitate the development of future prospective studies. A secondary objective was to describe the perceived incidence of selected comorbid disorders in dogs with tracheal collapse and the diagnostic tests performed to evaluate for those disorders. SAMPLE 180 veterinary specialists in 22 countries. PROCEDURES An electronic survey was sent to 4 specialty listservs to target diplomates. Respondents completed multiple-choice and free-response questions related to the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a theoretical stable dog with suspected tracheal collapse. RESULTS Most respondents routinely utilized radiography, tracheobronchoscopy, and fluoroscopy to diagnose tracheal collapse and performed airway sampling, sedated airway examination, and echocardiograms to rule out comorbidities. The most frequently perceived comorbid disorders included chronic bronchitis, bronchomalacia, and myxomatous mitral valve disease. Respondents most often prescribed opioid antitussives, glucocorticoids, anxiolytics, and antibiotics as treatments. Less frequently, they utilized bronchodilators and nonopioid medications for cough. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Despite a lack of published guidelines, specialists have similar approaches in their diagnostic and therapeutic approach to a stable dog with suspected tracheal collapse and believe evaluating for comorbid disorders is important. A description of a typical diagnostic approach and knowledge of realistic treatment goals will assist the general practitioner managing dogs with stable tracheal collapse. Additionally, gaps between current practices established via this survey and data supporting those practices exist, specifically concerning the use of antibiotics and nonopioid medications for cough, representing areas for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan V Carr
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Carol Reinero
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Mark Rishniw
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Jessica C Pritchard
- 4School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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4
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Peyrecave‐Capo X, Munoz‐Diaz J, Rocafort Ferrer G, Watrelot D, Desjardins I. Acute tracheal trauma and chronic tracheal collapse in an asthmatic mature pony. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Peyrecave‐Capo
- VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus – Equine Department University of Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Javier Munoz‐Diaz
- VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus – Clinical Imaging Department University of Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Gloria Rocafort Ferrer
- VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus – Equine Department University of Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Dorothée Watrelot
- VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus – Pathology Department University of Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Isabelle Desjardins
- VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus – Equine Department University of Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
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Mektrirat R, Rueangsri T, Keeratichandacha W, Soonsawat S, Boonyapakorn C, Pongkan W. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid EAB-277 ® Supplementation Improved Heart Rate Variability and Clinical Signs in Tracheal Collapse Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:880952. [PMID: 35909680 PMCID: PMC9330478 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.880952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine tracheal collapse is a progressive disease in small breed dogs resulting from chronic inflammation of the tracheal mucosal lining. Polyunsaturated fatty acid EAB-277® is one of the nutraceuticals that can alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a prognostic tool related to sympathovagal balance and oxidative stress level, which is widely used with cardiorespiratory diseases. However, the effect of EAB-277® on HRV in tracheal collapse dogs has rarely been investigated. In this study, 26 tracheal collapse dogs were divided into two groups. In the control group, the dogs received the standard treatment, whereas the dogs in the EAB-277® group received standard treatment combined with EAB-277®. After being treated for 5 weeks, changes in radiographic findings, blood profiles, serum malondialdehyde, inflammatory markers, and HRV were evaluated. This study found that clinical signs were improved in both groups (p < 0.05). However, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were decreased only in the EAB-277® group after treatment for five weeks (p < 0.05) and the mean percent change of MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α at week five compared to baseline in the EAB-277® group was greater than in the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, greater sympathovagal imbalance indicated by decreased standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and standard deviation of the averaged R-R intervals for all 5-minutes segments (SDANN) was found in the control group at week five compared to baseline (P < 0.05), whereas EAB-277® improved SDNN and SDANN and decreased low frequency/high-frequency component (LF/HF ratio) after being treated for five weeks (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that EAB-277® improves clinical signs and attenuates HRV impairment by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in tracheal collapse dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktham Mektrirat
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Circulatory Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thareerat Rueangsri
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Keeratichandacha
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwimon Soonsawat
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chavalit Boonyapakorn
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Circulatory Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Veterinary Cardiopulmonary Clinic, Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanpitak Pongkan
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Circulatory Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Veterinary Cardiopulmonary Clinic, Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Chueainta P, Punyapornwithaya V, Tangjitjaroen W, Pongkan W, Boonyapakorn C. Acupuncture Improves Heart Rate Variability, Oxidative Stress Level, Exercise Tolerance, and Quality of Life in Tracheal Collapse Dogs. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020088. [PMID: 35202341 PMCID: PMC8875848 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the respiratory disorders in dogs from small breeds, tracheal collapse is one of the most commonly found in clinical practice. Presently, acupuncture is widely used as an alternative treatment which was shown to bring about positive effects in the treatment of human respiratory diseases. The present study demonstrated the effect of acupuncture on tracheal collapse dogs. We hypothesized that acupuncture can help dogs suffering from tracheal collapse by improving various parameters including heart rate variability, serum biomarkers for oxidative stress, exercise performance, and quality of life. Twenty client-owned dogs from small breeds with tracheal collapse disease were enrolled. The study was divided into two 5-week periods. During the first period, the dogs received normal veterinary care but received no acupuncture treatment (NAC). After completing that period, all forms of treatment were withheld for one week before the beginning of the second period. In the second period, all dogs restarted normal veterinary care and underwent acupuncture treatment (AC) once a week for five consecutive weeks. Blood was collected at the beginning and end of each of the two periods for malondialdehyde (MDA) level measurement. Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded at the 1st, 3rd and 5th weeks of both periods. Exercise tests were performed at the beginning and end of AC period and questionnaire interviews with the owners were accomplished at the end of each period. The results showed that acupuncture can alleviate clinical signs of tracheal collapse, reduce MDA level, and improve sympathovagal balance. We suggest that acupuncture treatment could be used as an adjunct treatment for canine tracheal collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phurion Chueainta
- Veterinary Cardiopulmonary Clinic, Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.C.); (W.P.)
| | - Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Weerapongse Tangjitjaroen
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Wanpitak Pongkan
- Veterinary Cardiopulmonary Clinic, Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.C.); (W.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Chavalit Boonyapakorn
- Veterinary Cardiopulmonary Clinic, Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.C.); (W.P.)
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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7
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Uemura A, Ozai Y, Hamabe L, Yoshida T, Tanaka R. Surgical outcomes in dogs with tracheal collapse treated with a novel cross-and-hook braided endoluminal stent. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e46. [PMID: 35618319 PMCID: PMC9149497 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.21282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stenting is an effective treatment option for tracheal collapse in dogs. Cross-braided tracheal stents are currently the norm in veterinary medicine, but cross-and-hook braided stents have recently been adopted in human medicine. We examined whether stents manufactured using this novel braiding technique provided additional advantages for the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs. Objectives To evaluate the outcomes of cross-and-hook braided stent implantation in the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs. Methods The medical records of 22 client-owned dogs that underwent luminal placement of cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stents for the treatment of tracheal collapse between January 2018 and July 2021 were examined and data on canine signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were retrieved and analyzed statistically. Results Twenty-six stents were surgically implanted, with 20 dogs (90.9%) receiving one stent and the remaining two (9.1%) receiving two or more stents. All dogs survived the procedure. The median survival time at a median follow-up of 990 days was 879 days. At the final follow-up examination, loss or mild improvement of cough was observed in all dogs. Conclusions Compared with conventional lumen stents, the cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stent offered a higher survival rate and improved clinical symptoms in all patients. The results of this study suggest that the Fauna Stent may be a promising treatment option for dogs with tracheal collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uemura
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ozai
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Serrano-Casorran C, Lopez-Minguez S, Rodriguez-Zapater S, Bonastre C, Guirola JA, De Gregorio MA. A new airway spiral stent designed to maintain airway architecture with an atraumatic removal after full epithelization-Research of feasibility and viability in canine patients with tracheomalacia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1757-1764. [PMID: 32407602 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surgical management of tracheomalacia is a challenge, with current treatments still presenting numerous complications. In the field of veterinary medicine, this same pathology is present in a significant number of dogs. For this reason, we present an experimental clinical trial performed on canines with tracheobronchomalacia, using a new atraumatic removable tracheal spiral stent (SS). Both implantation procedure and clinical improvement have been analyzed in this study. METHODS In this study, four small dogs, a mean weight of 4.89 kg and body condition scores IV-V, were included. SS was implanted by two different surgical approaches. Image and clinical follow-up have been performed during 90 days. Symptoms were evaluated from 1 to 10 every week. RESULTS This study achieved 100% technical and clinical success. Median tracheal diameters were as follows: cervical 10.85 (3.3), inlet 7.75 (2.1), and carina 7.75 (1.9) mm, and length was 77.5 (26) mm. A 12 × 10 × 100-mm SS was implanted in all cases. Goose honk cough punctuation improved from 8 to 1; also, there were important changes in exercise intolerance, a mean weight loss of 8.76%. The values of modified Karnofsky scale varied from 50 (20) before surgery to 90 (10) after 30 days of surgery. Neither granuloma tissue nor fractures of the prosthesis was observed. CONCLUSION The results in dogs are promising, and a new therapeutic alternative seems to be available for veterinarian field. The similarity of this disease between dogs and newborns suggests that this SS design can also be useful for human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Serrano-Casorran
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Minimally Invasive Unit, Veterinary School of the University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sandra Lopez-Minguez
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Minimally Invasive Unit, Veterinary School of the University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez-Zapater
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Minimally Invasive Unit, Veterinary School of the University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Bonastre
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Minimally Invasive Unit, Veterinary School of the University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose A Guirola
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Interventional Radiology Department, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A De Gregorio
- Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group (GITMI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Interventional Radiology Department, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Jeung SY, Sohn SJ, An JH, Chae HK, Li Q, Choi M, Yoon J, Song WJ, Youn HY. A retrospective study of theophylline-based therapy with tracheal collapse in small-breed dogs: 47 cases (2013-2017). J Vet Sci 2020; 20:e57. [PMID: 31565900 PMCID: PMC6769334 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Theophylline acts as a bronchodilator and has an anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, theophylline can be applied in patients where there are concerns regarding the side-effects of corticosteroids. This retrospective case series evaluated theophylline-based therapy in tracheal collapse (TC) canine patients. Forty-seven dogs with TC that received theophylline-based therapy during 2013–2017 were investigated. A fluoroscopic examination was performed to diagnose and grade TC. Theophylline was prescribed (7.5–30 mg/kg PO q12h) and the theophylline serum concentrations were measured. Coughing was assessed using a coughing scoring scale. The mean coughing score decreased after the theophylline-based therapy compared with that observed before treatment. Clinical improvements were observed in 46/47 patients (97.9%). As the intrathoracic TC grading increased, the final theophylline dosage also increased (p value 0.019). The symptom-free period (SFP) with therapy was 189.7 ± 194.45 days (range, 0–720 days) and there was no statistically significant correlation between the SFP and age, sex, or TC grade on fluoroscopy. Although theophylline has generally been used as a third-line treatment, it was used as the main treatment in this study and most patients showed improvements. Dogs have a wider therapeutic index of serum concentrations than humans, and any undesirable effects were easily overcome. With further research, this therapy may prove to be a useful approach, but its safety for long-term use in the treatment of canine TC patients needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang June Sohn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mincheol Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junghee Yoon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Hwa Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Lopez-Minguez S, Serrano-Casorran C, Guirola JA, Rodriguez-Zapater S, Bonastre C, De Gregorio MA. New tracheal stainless steel stent pilot study: twelve month follow-up in a rabbit model. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7797. [PMID: 31608174 PMCID: PMC6788445 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine tracheal collapse is a complex airway pathology without promising treatment results. Currently nitinol stents are the best surgical option; however, some professionals are doubting if stent placement is the best option due to the associated complications. Objective Determine the technical feasibility, safety, and long-term follow-up after the implantation of a new tracheal stent designed for canine tracheal collapse. Methods Thirteen healthy, adult female New Zealander rabbits were involved in this pilot study.A new intra-tracheal device (Reference number 902711 patent registered as CasMin-Twine) was implanted in ten animals. Deployment was performed under general anesthesia, making a puncture incision via a 21 Gauge needle in the intra-tracheal space where the stent was introduced with a screwing process. The device was fixed to the tracheal wall with a non-absorbable suture. Computerized Tomography (CT) and an endoscopy to study structural abnormalities were performed after 30, 90 and 365 days after stent placement. Results Technical and clinical success was 100%. There was no significant change in behavior or respiratory disorders. CT studies showed no significant alterations. After the 30 days, 60% of the animals showed partial endothelization in the endoscopy study, and only one animal still presented partial endothelization after 12 months. Mucus accumulation was only present in 40% of cases and classified as low, without respiratory consequences. Only one animal presented a single granuloma at caudal stent tip. Conclusions This new tracheal stent (CasMin-Twine) is an effective and safe procedure with promising results, and also shows the possibility of removing the device after endothelization has been produced. New studies should be carried out to evaluate the effectiveness in patients with tracheomalacia. Clinical Significance/Impact This new product can give veterinarians a new option of treatment for this complicated pathology. Minimizing specific equipment for its deployment, CasMin-Twine will be more accessible for all professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lopez-Minguez
- University of Zaragoza, GITMI Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carolina Serrano-Casorran
- University of Zaragoza, GITMI Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain.,Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose A Guirola
- University of Zaragoza, GITMI Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain.,Pediatrics, Radiology and Phisical medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España.,Interventional Radiology Service, Lozano Blesa University Hospital Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Bonastre
- University of Zaragoza, GITMI Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain.,Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel De Gregorio
- University of Zaragoza, GITMI Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain.,Pediatrics, Radiology and Phisical medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España.,Interventional Radiology Service, Lozano Blesa University Hospital Zaragoza, Spain
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