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Ma J, Li T, Lin L, Lu Y, Chen X, Li S, Du C, Wei C, Yin F, Gan S. Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on the growth performance, nutrients digestion and immunity of weaned lambs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1402637. [PMID: 39346956 PMCID: PMC11427436 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1402637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Grape seed extract (GSE) has a variety of biological functions. At present, there has been limited information on the utilization of GSE as a feed additive in weaned lambs. The aim of this experiment was to study the potential influence of dietary supplementation with GSE on the growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics, apparent digestibility, blood parameters and immunity in weaned lambs. In total, 30 male Hu sheep lambs with similar body weight (15.43 ± 0.49 kg) and age (48 ± 2 days) were randomly divided into two treatments: control (CON, fed basal ration) and GSE [fed basal ration and 0.6 g/d GSE (main compositions: proanthocyanidin 50%, catechin 24%, gallic acid 16% and epicatechin 6%) per lamb]. The feeding experiment lasted for 60 d. Results showed that GSE supplementation significantly increased (p = 0.008) the average daily gain of lambs. Compared with CON group, the ruminal propionate and butyrate concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in GSE group, whereas the ammonia nitrogen was decreased (p = 0.007). Also, the crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and ether extract digestibility of GSE group were higher (p < 0.05) than those of CON group. The serum contents of glucose, triglyceride, immunoglobulin G, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in GSE group when compared to those in CON group. However, an opposite trend of urea nitrogen, non-esterified fatty acid, interleukin-1β, itumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde was observed between the two groups. Additionally, supplementation of GSE increased (p < 0.05) the Lactobacillus and decreased (p < 0.05) the Escherichia coli and Salmonella counts in the feces of lambs. In summary, GSE supplementation can improve growth performance, nutrient digestion and immunity of weaned lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Ma J, Fan X, Zhang W, Zhou G, Yin F, Zhao Z, Gan S. Grape Seed Extract as a Feed Additive Improves the Growth Performance, Ruminal Fermentation and Immunity of Weaned Beef Calves. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1876. [PMID: 37889835 PMCID: PMC10251878 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to evaluate effects of grape seed extract (Gse) supplementation on the growth performance; ruminal fermentation; nutrient digestibility; and serum biochemical, antioxidative, and immune parameters of weaned beef calves. A total of 30 Simmental crossbred male calves with similar age and body weight were randomly allocated to two groups: a control group with no Gse (CON) and a Gse supplementation group (GSE) (4 g/d Gse per animal). The results show that, compared with the CON group, the average daily gain significantly increased (p = 0.043) in the GSE group. The ruminal contents of microbial protein and butyrate in GSE group were higher (p < 0.05) than those in the CON group. Additionally, calves fed Gse displayed increased (p < 0.05) dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility. Moreover, the serum concentrations of triglyceride, catalase, superoxide dismutase, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M were higher (p < 0.05) in the GSE group than those in the CON group. However, opposite tendencies of non-esterified fatty acid, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were found between the two groups. Overall, the supplementation of Gse can improve ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant ability, and immunity, as well as promoting the healthy growth of weaned cross-breed beef calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Guangxian Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
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Wang X, Chen J, Zheng J. The roles of COX-2 in protozoan infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:955616. [PMID: 36875123 PMCID: PMC9978824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.955616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Protozoan diseases cause great harm in animal husbandry and require human-provided medical treatment. Protozoan infection can induce changes in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. The role played by COX-2 in the response to protozoan infection is complex. COX-2 induces and regulates inflammation by promoting the synthesis of different prostaglandins (PGs), which exhibit a variety of biological activities and participate in pathophysiological processes in the body in a variety of ways. This review explains the roles played by COX-2 in protozoan infection and analyzes the effects of COX-2-related drugs in protozoan diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Liu Y, Li Y, Yu X, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Zhai Q, Chen W. Physiological Characteristics of Lactobacillus casei Strains and Their Alleviation Effects against Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:92-103. [PMID: 32522964 PMCID: PMC9705699 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2003.03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus casei, one of the most widely used probiotics, has been reported to alleviate multiple diseases. However, the effects of this species on intestinal diseases are strain-specific. Here, we aimed to screen L. casei strains with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-alleviating effects based on in vitro physiological characteristics. Therefore, the physiological characteristics of 29 L. casei strains were determined, including gastrointestinal transit tolerance, oligosaccharide fermentation, HT-29 cell adhesion, generation time, exopolysaccharide production, acetic acid production, and conjugated linoleic acid synthesis. The effects of five candidate strains on mice with induced colitis were also evaluated. The results showed that among all tested L. casei strains, only Lactobacillus casei M2S01 effectively relieved colitis. This strain recovered body weight, restored disease activity index score, and promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine expression. Gut microbiota sequencing showed that L. casei M2S01 restored a healthy gut microbiome composition. The western blotting showed that the alleviating effects of L. casei M2S01 on IBD were related to the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. A good gastrointestinal tolerance ability may be one of the prerequisites for the IBDalleviating effects of L. casei. Our results verified the efficacy of L. casei in alleviating IBD and lay the foundation for the rapid screening of L. casei strain with IBD-alleviating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China
| | - Xinjie Yu
- Hwa Chong Institution (College), 661 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 26974, Singapore
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China,International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 21122, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute, Wuxi Branch, P.R. China,(Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, P.R. China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China,International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 21122, P.R. China,Corresponding authors Q. Zhai Phone: +86-510-85912155 Fax: +86-510-85912155 E-mail:
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 2422, P. R. China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 141, P.R. China,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China,Beijing Innovation Center of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 10004, P.R. China
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Jang HS, Um SI, Lee SH, Whang WK, Min YS, Park SY, Sohn UD. The protective mechanism of QGC in feline esophageal epithelial cells by interleukin-1β treatment. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 40:204-213. [PMID: 28012047 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. QGC is a flavonoid glucoside extracted from Rumex Aquaticus. We investigated the downstream target proteins involved in IL-1β-stimulated ROS production and the ability of QGC to inhibit ROS production. Cell viability was determined using the MTT reduction assay. Western blot analysis was performed with antibodies to investigate the activation of three MAPKs, NF-κB, and phosphorylated IκB-α (pIB), and the expression of COX-2. 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate was used to detect the generation of intracellular ROS species. When the cells were exposed to media containing IL-1β for 18 h, cell viability was not affected. QGC did not reduce the COX-2 expression induced by IL-1β. However; QGC attenuated the production of intracellular ROS induced by IL-1β. IL-1β increased the expression of ERK, p38 MAPK, and pIB, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB were recovered by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and QGC, but not by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium. Pretreatment of cells with the ERK inhibitor PD98059, the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190, NAC, and QGC attenuated nuclear translocation of NF-κB and activation of pIB. QGC has a scavenging effect on cytokine-induced ROS production, thereby preventing its downstream effects, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and activation of pIB is mediated by activation of ERK and p38 MAPK, although QGC does not inhibit IL-1β-stimulated COX-2 expression in feline esophageal epithelial cells. The data suggest that QGC exerts anti-oxidative effects and inhibitory effects against esophageal epithelial cells signals by the action of IL-1β treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung In Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Kyunn Whang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sil Min
- Department of Medical Plant Science, Jung Won University, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
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Expression Profile of Cytokines and Enzymes mRNA in Blood Leukocytes of Dogs with Leptospirosis and Its Associated Pulmonary Hemorrhage Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148029. [PMID: 26824356 PMCID: PMC4732604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dogs with leptospirosis show similar organ manifestations and disease course as human patients, including acute kidney injury and pulmonary hemorrhage, making this naturally-occurring infection a good animal model for human leptospirosis. Expression patterns of cytokines and enzymes have been correlated with disease manifestations and clinical outcome in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to describe mRNA expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in canine leptospirosis and to compare it with other renal diseases to identify patterns characterizing the disease and especially its pulmonary form. Methodology and Principal Findings The mRNA abundance of cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β) and enzymes (5-LO, iNOS) was measured prospectively in blood leukocytes from 34 dogs with severe leptospirosis and acute kidney injury, including 22 dogs with leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhages. Dogs with leptospirosis were compared to 14 dogs with acute kidney injury of other origin than leptospirosis, 8 dogs with chronic kidney disease, and 10 healthy control dogs. Canine leptospirosis was characterized by high 5-LO and low TNF-α expression compared to other causes of acute kidney injury, although the decreased TNF-α expression was also seen in chronic kidney disease. Leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage was not characterized by a specific pattern, with only mild changes noted, including increased IL-10 and decreased 5-LO expression on some days in affected dogs. Fatal outcome from pulmonary hemorrhages was associated with low TNF-α, high IL-1β, and high iNOS expression, a pattern possibly expressed also in dogs with other forms of acute kidney injury. Conclusion The patterns of cytokine and enzyme expression observed in the present study indicate a complex pro- and anti-inflammatory response to the infection with leptospires. The recognition of these signatures may be of diagnostic and prognostic relevance for affected individuals and they may indicate options for newer therapies targeting the identified pathways.
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Zhu Y, Chen X, Liu Z, Peng YP, Qiu YH. Interleukin-10 Protection against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuro-Inflammation and Neurotoxicity in Ventral Mesencephalic Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 17:ijms17010025. [PMID: 26729090 PMCID: PMC4730272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is expressed in the brain and can inhibit microglial activation. Herein, we utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory Parkinson’s disease (PD) cell model to determine whether microglia and astrocytes are necessary targets for IL-10 neuroprotection. Primary ventral mesencephalic (VM) cultures with different composition of neurons, microglia and astrocytes were prepared. The cells were exposed to IL-10 (15, 50 or 150 ng/mL) 1 h prior to LPS (50 ng/mL) treatment. LPS induced dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neuronal loss in VM cultures, VM neuron-enriched cultures, and neuron-microglia co-cultures, but not in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures. IL-10 reduced LPS-induced neuronal loss particularly in single VM neuron cultures. Pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2) were upregulated in both neuron-microglia and neuron-astrocyte co-cultures by LPS. In contrast, neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor) were downregulated in neuron-microglia co-cultures, but upregulated in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures by LPS. IL-10 reduced both the increase in production of the pro-inflammatory mediators and the decrease in production of the neurotrophic factors induced by LPS. These results suggest that astrocytes can balance LPS neurotoxicity by releasing more neurotrophic factors and that IL-10 exerts neuroprotective property by an extensive action including direct on neurons and indirect via inhibiting microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- School of Biological & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Yi-Hua Qiu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
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Moreno-Jiménez MR, Cervantes-Cardoza V, Gallegos-Infante JA, González-Laredo RF, Estrella I, García-Gasca TDJ, Herrera-Carrera E, Díaz-Rivas JO, Rocha-Guzmán NE. Phenolic composition changes of processed common beans: their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal cancer cells. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yu Y, Zheng S, Zhang S, Jin W, Liu H, Jin M, Chen Z, Ding Z, Wang L, Chen K. Polymorphisms of inflammation-related genes and colorectal cancer risk: a population-based case-control study in China. Int J Immunogenet 2014; 41:289-97. [PMID: 24762198 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The previous studies found that chronic inflammation related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to explore the associations of polymorphisms in inflammation-related genes (IL10, IL10RA, IL6R, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, LTA and IL4) and their interactions with the risk of colorectal cancer among Chinese population. A population-based case-control study including 299 cases and 296 controls was conducted from January 2001 to December 2009. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to analyse the association of nine SNPs in inflammation-related genes with the risk of CRC, colon cancer and rectal cancer, respectively. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was implemented to explore the gene-gene interactions among all SNPs on CRC. A decreased risk of colorectal cancer in subjects with rs1800872 AC genotype of IL10 (OR = 0.643, 95%CI = 0.453, 0.912) or AC/CC genotype (OR = 0.636, 95%CI = 0.457, 0.885) was observed, compared with those with AA genotype. Meanwhile, similar associations were observed between rs1800872 and rectal cancer. Additionally, in rs1061624 of TNFRSF1B gene, AG genotype (OR=0.566; 95% CI= 0.362, 0.885) and AG/GG genotype (OR=0.638; 95% CI=0.420, 0.971) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of rectal cancer, respectively. Our findings indicated that mutants in IL10 and TNFRSF1B genes may change the CRC risk. However, there is no interaction between inflammation-related genes on CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Rinaldi SF, Hutchinson JL, Rossi AG, Norman JE. Anti-inflammatory mediators as physiological and pharmacological regulators of parturition. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 7:675-96. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.11.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Andersen V, Holst R, Kopp TI, Tjønneland A, Vogel U. Interactions between diet, lifestyle and IL10, IL1B, and PTGS2/COX-2 gene polymorphisms in relation to risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective Danish case-cohort study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78366. [PMID: 24194923 PMCID: PMC3806836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Diet contributes to colorectal cancer development and may be potentially modified. We wanted to identify the biological mechanisms underlying colorectal carcinogenesis by assessment of diet-gene interactions. Methods The polymorphisms IL10 C-592A (rs1800872), C-rs3024505-T, IL1b C-3737T (rs4848306), G-1464C (rs1143623), T-31C (rs1143627) and PTGS2 (encoding COX-2) A-1195G (rs689466), G-765C (rs20417), and T8473C (rs5275) were assessed in relation to risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and interaction with diet (red meat, fish, fibre, cereals, fruit and vegetables) and lifestyle (non-steroid-anti-inflammatory drug use and smoking status) was assessed in a nested case-cohort study of nine hundred and seventy CRC cases and 1789 randomly selected participants from a prospective study of 57,053 persons. Results IL1b C-3737T, G-1464C and PTGS2 T8473C variant genotypes were associated with risk of CRC compared to the homozygous wildtype genotype (IRR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68-0.97, p=0.02, and IRR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.04-1.44, p=0.02, IRR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-0.99, p=0.04, respectively). Interactions were found between diet and IL10 rs3024505 (P-value for interaction (Pint); meat=0.04, fish=0.007, fibre=0.0008, vegetables=0.0005), C-592A (Pint; fibre=0.025), IL1b C-3737T (Pint; vegetables=0.030, NSAID use=0.040) and PTGS2 genotypes G-765C (Pint; meat=0.006, fibre=0.0003, fruit 0.004), and T8473C (Pint; meat 0.049, fruit=0.03) and A-1195G (Pint; meat 0.038, fibre 0.040, fruit=0.059, vegetables=0.025, and current smoking=0.046). Conclusions Genetically determined low COX-2 and high IL-1β activity were associated with increased risk of CRC in this northern Caucasian cohort. Furthermore, interactions were found between IL10, IL1b, and PTGS2 and diet and lifestyle factors in relation to CRC. The present study demonstrates that gene-environment interactions may identify genes and environmental factors involved in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Andersen
- Organ Center, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Medical Department, Regional Hospital, Viborg, Viborg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - René Holst
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tine Iskov Kopp
- National Food Institute, Soborg, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Localized leptin release may be an important mechanism of curcumin action after acute ischemic injuries. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013; 74:1044-51. [PMID: 23511143 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e3182826eba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that both curcumin and leptin are protective factors against acute injuries. Here, we investigated whether leptin and its signaling pathway mediate the protective effects of curcumin. METHODS A solid dispersion of curcumin-polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 was prepared and administered intraperitoneally. In vivo intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice determined the effects of curcumin administration on inflammation, oxygen radical production, and leptin expression. In vitro studies using the venous epithelial cell line ECV-304 examined hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced leptin expression and release after curcumin administration. Furthermore, the effects on the leptin-regulated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways were also explored. RESULTS Intestinal I/R induced marked bowel injuries. Curcumin treatment significantly improved animal survival and reduced the pathologic injuries in the intestines. Furthermore, the elevated intestinal water content and levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 were significantly decreased, but levels of superoxide dismutase increased. Interestingly, we found that the decreased leptin and its receptor Ob-Rb were restored by curcumin administration. In addition, in vitro studies showed that curcumin increased leptin expression and release after hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cell injuries. Moreover, curcumin treatment restored decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) and inhibited overactive p38 (p-p38) after injuries, and the effect was reversed by a leptin-specific antibody or Ob-R blocker. CONCLUSION These data suggest that leptin and Ob-Rb-dependent ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in curcumin protection against intestinal I/R injury, and leptin may be a potential target of curcumin in intestinal I/R injury and other related acute diseases.
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A review on the anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate in the gastrointestinal tract. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:247145. [PMID: 23573120 PMCID: PMC3612487 DOI: 10.1155/2013/247145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several biological activities of pomegranate have been widely described in the literature, but the anti-inflammatory effect in the gastrointestinal tract has not been reviewed till now. The aim of the present paper is to summarize the evidence for or against the efficacy of pomegranate for coping with inflammatory conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract. The paper has been organized in three parts: (1) the first one is devoted to the modifications of pomegranate active compounds in the gastro-intestinal tract; (2) the second one considering the literature regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate at gastric level; (3) the third part considers the anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate in the gut. In vivo studies performed on the whole fruit or juice, peel, and flowers demonstrate antiulcer effect in a variety of animal models. Ellagic acid was the main responsible for this effect, although other individual ellagitannins could contribute to the biological activity of the mixture. Different preparations of pomegranate, including extracts from peels, flowers, seeds, and juice, show a significant anti-inflammatory activity in the gut. No clinical studies have been found, thus suggesting that future clinical studies are necessary to clarify the beneficial effects of pomegranate in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Lee MJ, Song HJ, Jeong JY, Park SY, Sohn UD. Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of QGC in Cultured Feline Esophageal Epithelial Cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:81-7. [PMID: 23440684 PMCID: PMC3579109 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) is a flavonoid glucoside extracted from Rumex Aquaticus Herba. In the present study, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of QGC were tested in vitro. Epithelial cells obtained from cat esophagus were cultured. When the cells were exposed to acid for 2 h, cell viability was decreased to 36%. Pretreatment with 50 µM QGC for 2 h prevented the reduction in cell viability. QGC also inhibited the productions of intracellular ROS by inflammatory inducers such as acid, lipopolysaccharide, indomethacin and ethanol. QGC significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and also induced the expression of SOD2, while it restored the decrease of catalase expression in cells exposed to acid. QGC inhibited NF-κB translocation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression and PGE2 secretion in cells exposed to acid, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of esophagitis. The data suggest that QGC may well be one of the promising substances to attenuate oxidative epithelial cell injury and inflammatory signaling in esophagus inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Latorre E, Mendoza C, Matheus N, Castro M, Grasa L, Mesonero JE, Alcalde AI. IL-10 modulates serotonin transporter activity and molecular expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Cytokine 2013; 61:778-84. [PMID: 23410504 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is a neuromodulator mainly synthesized by intestinal enterochromaffin cells that regulate overall intestinal physiology. The serotonin transporter (SERT) determines the final serotonin availability and has been described as altered in inflammatory bowel diseases. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in intestinal inflammatory processes and also contributes to intestinal mucosa homeostasis. The regulation of SERT by pro-inflammatory factors is well known; however, the effect of IL-10 on the intestinal serotoninergic system mediated by SERT remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine whether IL-10 affects SERT activity and expression in enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. Treatment with IL-10 was assessed and SERT activity was determined by 5-HT uptake. SERT mRNA and protein expression was analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. The results showed that IL-10 induced a dual effect on SERT after 6h of treatment. On one hand, IL-10, at a low concentration, inhibited SERT activity, and this effect might be explained by a non-competitive inhibition of SERT. On the other hand, IL-10, at a high concentration, increased SERT activity and molecular expression in the membrane of the cells. This effect was mediated by the IL-10 receptor and triggered by the PI3K intracellular pathway. Our results demonstrate that IL-10 modulates SERT activity and expression, depending on its extracellular conditions. This study may contribute to understand serotoninergic responses in intestinal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Latorre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Andersen V, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, Vogel U. Interaction between interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms and dietary fibre in relation to risk of colorectal cancer in a Danish case-cohort study. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:183. [PMID: 22594912 PMCID: PMC3472168 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than 50% of the colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology has been attributed to diet. Established or suspected dietary factors modifying risk of CRC are red meat, cereals, fish, and fibre. Diet and lifestyle may be linked to cancer through inflammation. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. We wanted to test if dietary factors and IL10 polymorphisms interact in relation to colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods The functional IL10 polymorphism C-592A (rs1800872) and the marker rs3024505 were assessed in relation to diet and lifestyle in a nested case-cohort study of 378 CRC cases and 775 randomly selected participants from a prospective study of 57,053 persons. Genotyping data on the IL10 polymorphism C-592A, smoking and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) was retrieved from Vogel et al. (Mutat Res, 2007; 624:88). Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were calculated. Results No associations were found between the IL10 rs3024505 polymorphism and risk of CRC. There was interaction between rs3024505 and dietary fibre (P-value for interaction = 0.01). IL10 rs3024505 homozygous wildtype carriers were at 27% reduced risk of CRC per 10 g fibre per day (95% CI: 0.60-0.88) whereas variant carriers had no risk reduction by fibre intake. Also, interaction between IL10 C-592A and intake of fibre was found (P-value for interaction = 0.02). Among those eating <17.0 grams of fibre per day, carriers of an C-592A variant allele had a statistically significantly higher risk of colorectal cancer compared to homozygous wildtypes. No significant differences in colorectal cancer risk were observed between the reference group (CC and <17.0 g/day) and carriers of one C-592A variant allele eating 17.0 or more grams of dietary fibre per day. This suggests that the increased risk due to carrying the variant allele can be overcome by higher fibre intake. No interactions between IL10 polymorphisms and dietary meat, cereal, or fish intake, or between IL10 rs3024505 and smoking or NSAID use were found. Conclusions In this northern Caucasian cohort we found interaction between IL10 and dietary fibre in CRC carcinogenesis. High intake of fibre seems to protect against CRC among individuals with IL10 related genetic susceptibility to CRC. This finding should be evaluated in other prospective and population-based cohorts with different ethnic groups.
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Increased expression of TLR-2, COX-2, and SOD-2 genes in the peripheral blood leukocytes of opisthorchiasis patients induced by Opisthorchis viverrini antigen. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1969-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zemse SM, Chiao CW, Hilgers RHP, Webb RC. Interleukin-10 inhibits the in vivo and in vitro adverse effects of TNF-alpha on the endothelium of murine aorta. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1160-7. [PMID: 20639218 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00763.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine and is an important mediator of maternal endothelial dysfunction leading to preeclampsia. In this study, we tested whether IL-10 protects against TNF-α-induced endothelial dysfunction in murine aorta. In in vitro experiments, aortic rings of C57BL/6 female mice were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium in the presence of either vehicle (distilled H(2)O), TNF-α (4 nmol/l), or recombinant mouse IL-10 (300 ng/ml) or in the presence of both TNF-α and IL-10 for 22 h at 37°C. In in vivo experiments C57BL6/IL-10 knockout female mice were treated with saline or TNF-α (220 ng·kg(-1)·day(-1)) for 14 days. Aortic rings were isolated from in vitro and in vivo experiments and mounted in a wire myograph (Danish Myotech) and stretched to a tension of 5 mN. Endothelium-dependent relaxation was assessed by constructing cumulative concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh, 0.001-10 μmol/l) during phenylephrine (10 μmol/l)-induced contraction. As a result, overnight exposure of aortic rings to TNF-α resulted in significant blunted maximal relaxing responses (E(max)) to ACh compared with untreated rings (22 ± 4 vs. 82 ± 3%, respectively). IL-10 knockout mice treated with TNF-α showed significant impairment in ACh responses (E(max)) compared with C57BL/6 mice treated with TNF-α (51 ± 3 vs. 72 ± 3%, respectively). Western blot analysis showed that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was reduced by TNF-α in in vitro and in vivo experiments, whereas IL-10 restored the eNOS expression. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 prevents impairment in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation caused by TNF-α by protecting eNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiprasad M Zemse
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Shin DH, Lee JY, Park SH, Lee GB, Han K, Chung YB. HPLC Analysis and Pharmacokinetics of KAL-1120, a Novel Anti-inflammation Agent, in Rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2010. [DOI: 10.4333/kps.2010.40.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cyclooxygenase-2 in tumorigenesis of gastrointestinal cancers: an update on the molecular mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2010; 295:7-16. [PMID: 20381235 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with lower risks for esophageal, gastric and colon cancers as well as other solid tumors. The antitumor effect of NSAIDs is mediated through cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent and -independent regulation of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive pathways. Recent discoveries have shed new light on the regulation of COX-2 at the molecular level in these cancers. Moreover, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a COX-2-derived eicosanoid, has been found to affect numerous tumorigenic processes. In this connection, PGE(2) activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including (1) transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); (2) protein kinase C-dependent, EGFR-independent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the transcription factors activator protein-1 and c-Myc; (3) G-protein-mediated activation of beta-catenin/TCF-dependent transcription. Activation of these signaling pathways by PGE(2) is mediated by EP receptors whose inhibitors suppress gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Taken together, COX-2 expression is dysregulated in many types of cancer and COX-2-derived PGE(2) elicits multiple oncogenic signals to promote carcinogenesis. Targeting PGE(2) signaling by EP receptor antagonists holds promise for the development of targeted therapy for the treatment of cancer.
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Tsai YG, Chiou YL, Chien JW, Wu HP, Lin CY. Induction of IL-10+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells with decreased NF-κB expression during immunotherapy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21:e166-73. [PMID: 19682278 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
MyD88 is a major toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor to activate NF-κB, which acts as a mater switch for allergic inflammation disease. Sterile hust dust extracts have been reported with TLR-dependent immunostimulatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) immunotherapy may increase IL-10+ CD4+ CD25+ T cells with modulating MyD88 signaling proteins, to decrease NF-κB expression. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients before and after 1 yr of Der p immunotherapy, and also from matched control subjects. After 2 days of Der p-2 stimulation, intracellular IL-10 and Foxp3 expression of CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells were measured by flow-cytometry. The expression of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-1 in cytoplasm and IFN-regulator factor-3 (IRF-3) with NF-κB/p65 in nuclei was determined by Western-blot analysis. Patients undergoing immunotherapy produced more soluble CD14, IL-10, and TGF-β that correlated with FEV(1) improvement (p < 0.05). In the immunotherapy group, the number of Foxp3+ CD4+ Treg cells increased more than the baseline status (25.06 ± 4.19 vs. 16.08 ± 3.54, p < 0.05). Additionally, increased IL-10 production with decreased IRAK-1 and NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation was observed in sorted-purified Treg cells. IL-10(+) CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg cells may respond to Der p-2 and down-regulate NF-κB/p65 expression to maintain immune tolerance during immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Giien Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Vernel-Pauillac F, Goarant C. Differential cytokine gene expression according to outcome in a hamster model of leptospirosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2010; 4:e582. [PMID: 20076757 PMCID: PMC2797601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parameters predicting the evolution of leptospirosis would be useful for clinicians, as well as to better understand severe leptospirosis, but are scarce and rarely validated. Because severe leptospirosis includes septic shock, similarities with predictors evidenced for sepsis and septic shock were studied in a hamster model. Methodology/Principal Findings Using an LD50 model of leptospirosis in hamsters, we first determined that 3 days post-infection was a time-point that allowed studying the regulation of immune gene expression and represented the onset of the clinical signs of the disease. In the absence of tools to assess serum concentrations of immune effectors in hamsters, we determined mRNA levels of various immune genes, especially cytokines, together with leptospiraemia at this particular time-point. We found differential expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, with significantly higher expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1α, cyclo-oxygenase 2 and interleukin 10 genes in nonsurvivors compared to survivors. Higher leptospiraemia was also observed in nonsurvivors. Lastly, we demonstrated the relevance of these results by comparing their respective expression levels using a LD100 model or an isogenic high-passage nonvirulent variant. Conclusions/Significance Up-regulated gene expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory immune effectors in hamsters with fatal outcome in an LD50 model of leptospirosis, together with a higher Leptospira burden, suggest that these gene expression levels could be predictors of adverse outcome in leptospirosis. Leptospirosis is a widespread bacterial infection that is transmitted by soil or water contaminated by the urine of infected animals, or directly from these animals. It has highly diverse clinical presentations, making its differential diagnosis difficult. Though most cases are minor and self-resolving, there are also severe forms that include a sepsis pattern and multiple organ failure, and have possible fatal outcomes. Predictors of disease evolution and outcome are scarce, yet they would be very valuable to clinicians as well as to better decipher disease pathogenesis. In this study, we used a hamster model of leptospirosis to evaluate if immune genes were differentially expressed between individuals and if their expression levels could help forecast the outcome of the disease. We found that hamsters that later died from leptospirosis had significantly higher expression levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators compared to survivors. These results suggest that expression levels of these immune effectors might be helpful predictors of outcome in leptospirosis and that septic shock contributes to fatal leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyrille Goarant
- Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, New Caledonia
- * E-mail:
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Al-Saghir J, Al-Ashi R, Salloum R, Saliba NA, Talhouk RS, Homaidan FR. Anti-inflammatory properties of Salograviolide A purified from Lebanese plant Centaurea ainetensis. Altern Ther Health Med 2009; 9:36. [PMID: 19775456 PMCID: PMC2761300 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-9-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-inflammatory activities of medicinal plants have largely been attributed to their content of sesquiterpene lactones (SLs). SLs are predominantly found in the sunflower family Asteraceae and have been isolated from many plants of this family, particularly Centaurea. The anti-inflammatory activities of extract of Centaurea ainetensis, a Lebanese endemic plant, and the isolated active molecule were assessed for their potential ant-inflammatory activities. METHODS Plant extract from Centaurea ainetensis, and the isolated active ingredient Salograviolide A (SA), a sesquiterpene lactones guaianolide, were used for the study. Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to test the effects of the plant extract and SA on interleukin-1 (IL-1) induced increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels and in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) translocation in an intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) of inflammation. Their effects on inflammation score and cytokine levels were also studied in an iodoacetoamide-induced rat model of inflammation. RESULTS Plant extract and SA were shown to reverse the effects observed by IL-1 on COX-2 levels and NF-kappaB translocation in IEC. SA decreased the level of inflammatory cytokines and the level of inflammation in the animal model. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that SA may be useful in the development of natural therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Meng X, Kawahara KI, Matsushita K, Nawa Y, Shrestha B, Kikuchi K, Sameshima H, Hashiguchi T, Maruyama I. Attenuation of LPS-induced iNOS expression by 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 387:42-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Larmonier CB, Uno JK, Lee KM, Karrasch T, Laubitz D, Thurston R, Midura-Kiela MT, Ghishan FK, Sartor RB, Jobin C, Kiela PR. Limited effects of dietary curcumin on Th-1 driven colitis in IL-10 deficient mice suggest an IL-10-dependent mechanism of protection. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G1079-91. [PMID: 18818316 PMCID: PMC2584828 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90365.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (diferulolylmethane) demonstrates profound anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and in immune cells in vitro and exhibits a protective role in rodent models of chemically induced colitis, with its presumed primary mechanism of action via inhibition of NF-kappaB. Although it has been demonstrated effective in reducing relapse rate in ulcerative colitis patients, curcumin's effectiveness in Crohn's disease (CD) or in Th-1/Th-17 mediated immune models of CD has not been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated the effects of dietary curcumin (0.1-1%) on the development of colitis, immune activation, and in vivo NF-kappaB activity in germ-free IL-10(-/-) or IL-10(-/-);NF-kappaB(EGFP) mice colonized with specific pathogen-free microflora. Proximal and distal colon morphology showed a mild protective effect of curcumin only at 0.1%. Colonic IFN-gamma and IL-12/23p40 mRNA expression followed similar pattern ( approximately 50% inhibition at 0.1%). Secretion of IL-12/23p40 and IFN-gamma by colonic explants and mesenteric lymph node cells was elevated in IL-10(-/-) mice and was not decreased by dietary curcumin. Surprisingly, activation of NF-kappaB in IL-10(-/-) mice (phospho-NF-kappaBp65) or in IL-10(-/-);NF-kappaB(EGFP) mice (whole organ or confocal imaging) was not noticeably inhibited by curcumin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IL-10 and curcumin act synergistically to downregulate NF-kappaB activity in IEC and IL-12/23p40 production by splenocytes and dendritic cells. In conclusion, curcumin demonstrates limited effectiveness on Th-1 mediated colitis in IL-10(-/-) mice, with moderately improved colonic morphology, but with no significant effect on pathogenic T cell responses and in situ NF-kappaB activity. In vitro studies suggest that the protective effects of curcumin are IL-10 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. B. Larmonier
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - J. K. Uno
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kang-Moon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - T. Karrasch
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - D. Laubitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - R. Thurston
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - M. T. Midura-Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - F. K. Ghishan
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - R. B. Sartor
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - C. Jobin
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - P. R. Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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