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Xu Y, Yin F, Wang J, Wu P, Qiu X, He X, Xiao Y, Gan S. Effect of tea polyphenols on intestinal barrier and immune function in weaned lambs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1361507. [PMID: 38435366 PMCID: PMC10904598 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1361507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of tea polyphenols on growth performance, cytokine content, intestinal antioxidant status and intestinal barrier function of lambs, in order to provide reference for intestinal health of ruminants. Methods Thirty weaned lambs (average initial weight 9.32 ± 1.72 kg) were randomly divided into five groups with six lambs in each group. The control group did not add anything but the basic diet mainly composed of Pennisetum and Corn, and the other four groups added 2, 4, 6 g/kg tea polyphenols and 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline to the basic diet, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Results Dietary tea polyphenols improved the growth and stress response and reduced intestinal permeability of lambs (p > 0.05), while CTC did not affect the final lamb weight (p > 0.05). Both tea phenols and CTC significantly reduced inflammatory factors and enhanced the immune system (p > 0.05). Dietary tea polyphenols increased villus height, villus height/crypt depth, secretory immunoglobulin A (p > 0.05), and antioxidant enzymes, while decreasing MDA and apoptosis in the intestine (p > 0.05). However, compared with other groups, the content of T-AOC in jejunum did not change significantly (p > 0.05). Tea polyphenols also increased claudin-1 levels in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum more than CTC (p > 0.05). CTC had a limited effect on the mRNA expression of Occludin and ZO-1, while tea polyphenols increased these in both the duodenum and ileum (p > 0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrated that tea polyphenols can effectively improve the intestinal barrier of weaned lambs, and that they have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects similar to those of antibiotics. Thus, tea polyphenols could be used to replace antibiotics in ensuring safety of livestock products and in achieving the sustainable development of modern animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Xu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Pengxin Wu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Qiu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaolin He
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yimei Xiao
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Ma J, Fan X, Sun G, Yin F, Zhou G, Zhao Z, Gan S. Replacing alfalfa hay with amaranth hay: effects on production performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and antioxidant ability in dairy cow. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:218-227. [PMID: 37946438 PMCID: PMC10766491 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to explore the effects of dietary substitution of alfalfa hay by amaranth hay on production performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical parameters and antioxidant ability in dairy cows. METHODS A total of 45 healthy Holstein cows with same parity and similar milk yield and body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups: control diet without amaranth hay (CON) or 50% and 100% alfalfa hay replaced by an equal amount of amaranth hay (dry matter basis, AH1 and AH2, respectively). All the cows were fed regularly 3 times a day at 06:30, 14:30, and 22:30 and had free access to water. The experiment lasted for 60 d. RESULTS The dry matter intake of CON and AH1 groups was higher (p<0.05) than that of AH2 group. Compared with AH1 group, the milk yield of AH2 group was reduced (p<0.05). Moreover, dietary substitution of alfalfa hay by amaranth hay increased (p<0.05) milk fat, ammonia nitrogen and acetate concentrations. However, the crude protein digestibility of AH2 group was lower (p<0.05) than that of CON group, while an opposite tendency of serum urea nitrogen was found between two groups. The neutral detergent fiber digestibility of AH1 group was increased (p<0.05) when compared to AH2 group. Amaranth hay treatment increased (p<0.05) the serum concentration of glutathione peroxidase in dairy cows. Compared with CON group, the malonaldehyde activity of AH1 group was decreased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Dietary replacing alfalfa hay with amaranth hay (50% ratio) in dairy cows did not affect production performance but improved their antioxidant ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,
China
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070,
China
| | - Guoqing Sun
- Modern Animal Husbandry (Hefei) Co. Ltd., Hefei 230000,
China
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,
China
| | - Guangxian Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,
China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,
China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,
China
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Ma J, Fan X, Ma Z, Huang X, Tang M, Yin F, Zhao Z, Gan S. Silage additives improve fermentation quality, aerobic stability and rumen degradation in mixed silage composed of amaranth and corn straw. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1189747. [PMID: 37426969 PMCID: PMC10325724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1189747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, aerobic stability and rumen degradation of mixed silage composed of amaranth and corn straw. The mixture ratio of amaranth to corn straw was 78%: 22%. Three additives were selected in this study and five groups were as follows: control group (CON, without additive), lactic acid bacteria group (LAB, 5 mg/kg, Lactobacillus plantarum ≥ 1.6×1010 CFU/g and L. buchneri ≥ 4.0×109 CFU/g), glucose group (GLU, 30 g/kg), cellulase group (CEL, 2 mg/kg) and lactic acid bacteria, glucose and cellulase group (LGC, added at the same levels as in individual group). The period of ensiling was 60 days. Fermentation quality, chemical composition and aerobic stability of mixed silage were analyzed. Four cows with permanent ruminal fistula were selected as experimental animals. Nylon bag technique was used to study rumen degradation characteristic of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of mixed silage. Compared with CON group, the addition of different silage additives could improve mixed silage quality of amaranth and corn straw to some extent. Combining three additives significantly increased (P < 0.05) the DM, CP and lactic acid contents, whereas decreased (P < 0.05) the ADF and NDF contents as well as pH and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen. Moreover, the aerobic stability and rumen degradation of DM, CP and NDF were significantly improved (P < 0.05) in LGC group when compared to other groups. In conclusion, the combined addition of lactic acid bacteria, glucose and cellulase increased DM, CP and lactic acid contents as well as lactic acid bacteria count, decreased NDF and ADF contents and aerobic bacteria and mold counts, improved aerobic stability and rumen degradation of amaranth and corn straw mixed silage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
| | - Xiuwen Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
| | - Minghuan Tang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Ma J, Fan X, Zhang W, Zhou G, Yin F, Zhao Z, Gan S. Grape Seed Extract as a Feed Additive Improves the Growth Performance, Ruminal Fermentation and Immunity of Weaned Beef Calves. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1876. [PMID: 37889835 PMCID: PMC10251878 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to evaluate effects of grape seed extract (Gse) supplementation on the growth performance; ruminal fermentation; nutrient digestibility; and serum biochemical, antioxidative, and immune parameters of weaned beef calves. A total of 30 Simmental crossbred male calves with similar age and body weight were randomly allocated to two groups: a control group with no Gse (CON) and a Gse supplementation group (GSE) (4 g/d Gse per animal). The results show that, compared with the CON group, the average daily gain significantly increased (p = 0.043) in the GSE group. The ruminal contents of microbial protein and butyrate in GSE group were higher (p < 0.05) than those in the CON group. Additionally, calves fed Gse displayed increased (p < 0.05) dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility. Moreover, the serum concentrations of triglyceride, catalase, superoxide dismutase, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M were higher (p < 0.05) in the GSE group than those in the CON group. However, opposite tendencies of non-esterified fatty acid, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were found between the two groups. Overall, the supplementation of Gse can improve ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant ability, and immunity, as well as promoting the healthy growth of weaned cross-breed beef calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Guangxian Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.M.)
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Li R, Gong M, Zhang X, Wang F, Liu Z, Zhang L, Yang Q, Xu Y, Xu M, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Dai X, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Fang W, Yang Y, Fu W, Cao C, Yang P, Ghanatsaman ZA, Negari NJ, Nanaei HA, Yue X, Song Y, Lan X, Deng W, Wang X, Pan C, Xiang R, Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Heslop-Harrison P(J, Rosen BD, Lenstra JA, Gan S, Jiang Y. A sheep pangenome reveals the spectrum of structural variations and their effects on tail phenotypes. Genome Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1101/gr.277372.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Structural variations (SVs) are a major contributor to genetic diversity and phenotypic variations, but their prevalence and functions in domestic animals are largely unexplored. Here we generated high-quality genome assemblies for 15 individuals from genetically diverse sheep breeds using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) high-fidelity sequencing, discovering 130.3 Mb nonreference sequences, from which 588 genes were annotated. A total of 149,158 biallelic insertions/deletions, 6531 divergent alleles, and 14,707 multiallelic variations with precise breakpoints were discovered. The SV spectrum is characterized by an excess of derived insertions compared to deletions (94,422 vs. 33,571), suggesting recent active LINE expansions in sheep. Nearly half of the SVs display low to moderate linkage disequilibrium with surrounding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and most SVs cannot be tagged by SNP probes from the widely used ovine 50K SNP chip. We identified 865 population-stratified SVs including 122 SVs possibly derived in the domestication process among 690 individuals from sheep breeds worldwide. A novel 168-bp insertion in the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) ofHOXB13is found at high frequency in long-tailed sheep. Further genome-wide association study and gene expression analyses suggest that this mutation is causative for the long-tail trait. In summary, we have developed a panel of high-quality de novo assemblies and present a catalog of structural variations in sheep. Our data capture abundant candidate functional variations that were previously unexplored and provide a fundamental resource for understanding trait biology in sheep.
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Guo G, Yang W, Fan C, Lan R, Gao Z, Gan S, Yu H, Yin F, Wang Z. The effects of fucoidan as a dairy substitute on diarrhea rate and intestinal barrier function of the large intestine in weaned lambs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1007346. [PMID: 36337209 PMCID: PMC9630570 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1007346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the effects of fucoidan on the frequency of diarrhea, colon morphology, colon antioxidant status, cytokine content, short-chain fatty acids, and microflora of cecal contents in early weaned lambs in order to provide a reference for the intestinal health of young ruminants. Fucoidan is a natural active polysaccharide extracted from kelp and other large brown algae. It has many biological effects, such as improving immunity, nourishing the stomach and intestines, and anti-tumor properties. This study investigated the effects of fucoidan supplementation in milk replacer on the large intestine's ability to act as an intestinal barrier in weaned lambs. With six duplicate pens and one lamb per pen, a total of 24 weaned lambs (average starting body weight of 7.32 ± 0.37 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four milk replacer treatments. Four concentrations of fucoidan supplementation (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6% dry matter intake) were employed to investigate the effects of fucoidan on cecal fermentation and colon microbial organization. The test period lasted 37 days (1 week before the test and 1 month after the test), and lamb cecal contents and colon organization were collected for examination. In addition, the fecal status of all lambs was observed and recorded daily, allowing us to calculate the incidence of diarrhea in weaned lambs. The findings demonstrated that fucoidan may significantly increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (propionic acid and butyric acid) in the cecal digesta of weaned lambs. In weaned lambs, 16S rDNA testing showed that fucoidan at 0.3-0.6% (dry matter intake) was beneficial for boosting the variety of the intestinal bacteria and modifying the relative abundance of a few bacterial strains. In addition, fucoidan enhanced colon antioxidant and immune functions and decreased the diarrhea rate to relieve weaning stress. This result demonstrates that milk replacer supplementation with fucoidan contributes to the improvement in the large intestinal health of weaned lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Guo
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chaojie Fan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ruixia Lan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Guangdong Qingyuan Agricultural Bureau, Qingyuan, China
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Lim Z, Gan S, Lim A, Lee C, Tan C. CASE REPORT: A SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY IN AN ERA PATIENT WITH A RECEPTIVE ENDOMETRIUM AT 190±3 HOURS (DAY 8) OF PROGESTERONE. Reprod Biomed Online 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chan A, Gan S, Tan S, Lim A, Lee C. Prevalence of mosaicism in day 5 vs. day 6 human blastocysts. Reprod Biomed Online 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
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Akhtar D, Donaldson MA, Akhtar NH, Owen D, Gan S. A258 ROSAI-DORFMAN0-DESTOMBES DISEASE: A RARE CAUSE OF OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859387 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes Disease (RDD) is rare histiocytic disorder that is most frequently seen in children and young adults. Gastrointestinal involvement is reported in <1% of cases and typically involves the small bowel and colon. Pancreatic and hepatic involvement has been previously reported but is extremely rare. Aims To describe a case of obstructive jaundice in the setting of a very rare histiocytic disorder known as RDD. Methods Case Report Results A 59-year old previously healthy male of Asian descent presented with obstructive jaundice. Initial imaging demonstrated intra and extrahepatic biliary duct dilation with concurrent diffuse enlargement of the pancreas compatible with autoimmune pancreatitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed with stenting and biopsy. ERCP demonstrated a distal common bile duct stricture with biopsies suggestive of low grade reactive changes and inflammation. Subsequent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided biopsy of the pancreas showed active and chronic inflammation, necrosis, and atrophic pancreatic tissue, with no definitive evidence of autoimmune pancreatitis (Figure 1). Ca-19-9 and IgG4 were normal. He was treated with a course of prednisone and responded well, with repeat CT imaging showing almost complete resolution of the previously demonstrated pancreatic changes. A diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis was made. He re-presented 6-months later, however, with fatigue and repeat imaging now displayed lymphadenopathy in the neck, chest, and abdomen, and a bulky pancreatic head with associated hepatomegaly. Lymph node excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of RDD with the presence of scattered histiocytic cells showing emperipolesis with a low number of IgG4 positive cells (Figure 1). The patient was promptly initiated on prednisone and rituximab and has since then had excellent clinical response. Conclusions RDD is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis of unknown etiology that has a prevalence of 1:200 000. RDD clinically presents with painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and can manifest with both nodal and extra nodal involvement. The most common sites of extra nodal disease are the skin and central nervous system, but rarely, can also present with pancreatic involvement. The use of fine needle guided biopsy in diagnosing RDD with extra nodal disease can be limited by low yield, sclerotic tissue, or non-diagnostic findings. For this reason, RDD with pancreatic involvement can masquerade as autoimmune pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancy and IgG4-related disease.This case report raises awareness about RDD with pancreatic and biliary involvement, a rare entity, that can present with obstructive jaundice. ![]()
Figure 1: Histological sections of lymph node(left) with hystiocytic cells showing emperipolesis(arrow) and pancreas(right) showing active and chronic inflamation, necrosis and atrophy Funding Agencies None
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Affiliation(s)
- D Akhtar
- Medicine, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M A Donaldson
- The University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N H Akhtar
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Owen
- The University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- Medicine, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Motomura D, Gan S, Byrne M, Donnellan F. A113 ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH SURGICALLY ALTERED ANATOMY IN A CANADIAN TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become a mainstay of diagnosis and treatment of pancreatobiliary conditions. Surgically altered anatomy presents unique challenges in the procedure, necessitating creative solutions such as different types of endoscopes and tools. Distinct from regular anatomy, forward viewing scopes are often required for successful cannulation and therapy of the pancreaticobiliary system. To our knowledge, there is limited data on the practice of ERCP in altered anatomy in Canada.
Aims
Our aim is to present outcomes from a large series of patients with surgically altered anatomy who underwent ERCP at a large Canadian referral centre.
Methods
All ERCP procedures at a tertiary referral centre in Vancouver, Canada from Oct 2020 to Oct 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria required surgically altered anatomy and attempted ERCP. Liver transplant patients with duct-to-duct anastomosis were not included in the series. Patients with incomplete procedure documentation were excluded. Demographic, procedural and outcome data were collected. Results are presented descriptively and as median + IQR for quantitative data. Procedural success was defined as cannulation and performance of a cholangiogram and/or pancreatogram
Results
A total of 34 procedures met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Twenty-four procedures were on male patients (71%). Nineteen patients (56%) had had previous ERCP. Sixteen patients (47%) had choledocholithasis as the indication for the procedure, 9 patients (26%) had cholangitis and 5 patients (15%) had concerns of neoplasia. Some patients had multiple indications. Seventeen patients (50%) had roux-en-Y anatomy, 8 patients (24%) were post Whipple’s and 6 patients (18%) had Billroth II type anatomy. Other altered anatomy included duodenal switch, and post gastrojejunostomy bypass. The most commonly used endoscope was the adult or pediatric colonoscope (74% of cases). Single balloon enteroscope was used in 5 cases (15%). Overall success rate was 74%. The breakdown of success rate by anatomy is shown in Table 1. One (3%) complication was noted in the form of mild cholangitis, requiring only outpatient antibiotics.
Conclusions
Experience in ERCP in patients with altered anatomy is becoming more pertinent in tertiary care. Cannulation and therapy is more difficult in this cohort, but still successful in the majority of cases. Adverse events remain uncommon. Knowledge of forward viewing ERCP techniques is critical in surgically altered anatomy. Future studies will aim to expand the retrospective cohort for more quantitative analysis.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- D Motomura
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Byrne
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Donnellan
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Xiang G, Di R, Wang Y, Gan S, Liu S, Wang X, Hu W, Liu Q, Chu M. Polymorphisms within CEBPA, PRKAG3 and SREBF1 Genes Associated with Fat Deposition in Fat-tail Altay Sheep. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190121080154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen W, Tian Z, Ma L, Gan S, Sun W, Chu M. Comparison of Expression Patterns of Six Canonical Clock Genes in Year-Round Estrous and Seasonal Estrous Rams. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190430140456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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He X, Tao L, Zhong Y, Di R, Xia Q, Wang X, Guo X, Gan S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Liu Q, Chu M. Photoperiod induced the pituitary differential regulation of lncRNAs and mRNAs related to reproduction in sheep. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10953. [PMID: 33976954 PMCID: PMC8067910 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pituitary is a vital endocrine organ that regulates animal seasonal reproduction by controlling the synthesis and secretion of the hormone. The change of photoperiod is the key factor affecting the function of the pituitary in animals, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we studied the transcriptomic variation in pars distalis (PD) of the pituitary between short photoperiod (SP) and long photoperiod (LP) using RNA sequencing based on the OVX+E2 sheep. 346 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 186 DE-mRNA were found in the PD. Moreover, function annotation analysis indicated that the reproductive hormones and photoperiod response-related pathways including aldosterone synthesis and secretion, insulin secretion, thyroid hormone synthesis, and circadian entrainment were enriched. The interaction analysis of mRNA-lncRNA suggested that MSTRG.240648, MSTRG.85500, MSTRG.32448, and MSTRG.304959 targeted CREB3L1 and DUSP6, which may be involved in the photoperiodic regulation of the PD. These findings provide resources for further study on the seasonal reproductive in ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun He
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Zhong
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Di
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang W, Xu M, Wang J, Wang S, Wang X, Yang J, Gao L, Gan S. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Key Genes and Pathways Activated in Response to Fat Deposition in Two Sheep Breeds With Distinct Tail Phenotype. Front Genet 2021; 12:639030. [PMID: 33897762 PMCID: PMC8060577 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.639030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat tail in sheep presents a valuable energy reserve that has historically facilitated adaptation to harsh environments. However, in modern intensive and semi-intensive sheep industry systems, breeds with leaner tails are more desirable. In the present study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was applied to determine the transcriptome profiles of tail fat tissues in two Chinese sheep breeds, fat-rumped Altay sheep and thin-tailed Xinjiang fine wool (XFW) sheep, with extreme fat tail phenotype difference. Then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their sequence variations were further analyzed. In total, 21,527 genes were detected, among which 3,965 displayed significant expression variations in tail fat tissues of the two sheep breeds (P < 0.05), including 707 upregulated and 3,258 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis disclosed that 198 DEGs were related to fat metabolism. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the majority of DEGs were significantly enriched in "adipocytokine signaling," "PPAR signaling," and "metabolic pathways" (P < 0.05); moreover, some genes were involved in multiple pathways. Among the 198 DEGs, 22 genes were markedly up- or downregulated in tail fat tissue of Altay sheep, indicating that these genes might be closely related to the fat tail trait of this breed. A total of 41,724 and 42,193 SNPs were detected in the transcriptomic data of tail fat tissues obtained from Altay and XFW sheep, respectively. The distribution of seven SNPs in the coding regions of the 22 candidate genes was further investigated in populations of three sheep breeds with distinct tail phenotypes. In particular, the g.18167532T/C (Oar_v3.1) mutation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene and g.57036072G/T (Oar_v3.1) mutation of the solute carrier family 27 member 2 (SLC27A2) gene showed significantly different distributions and were closely associated with tail phenotype (P < 0.05). The present study provides transcriptomic evidence explaining the differences in fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds and reveals numerous DEGs and SNPs associated with tail phenotype. Our data provide a valuable theoretical basis for selection of lean-tailed sheep breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Changji, China
| | - Mengsi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Shiyin Wang
- Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Changji, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Jingquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
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Fetz A, Gan S. A125 SNARE TIP SPRAY COAGULATION FOR NON-CONTACT HEMOSTASIS: A SINGLE OPERATOR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
An emerging non-contact endoscopic method for hemostasis is the use of spray coagulation (SC) using a polypectomy snare tip. Other non-contact options, such as argon plasma coagulation (APC), can be inconvenient and costly. Our current practice includes using SC where APC would be traditionally indicated.
Aims
The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical outcomes, including rates of successful hemostasis, rebleeding, and complications, for snare tip SC in hemostasis.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent therapeutic endoscopy for hemostasis using snare tip SC by a single operator at a large Canadian tertiary care centre between January 2018 and September 2020.
Results
14 patients, including 10 males and 4 females, were included. 5 (35%) patients received SC during an EGD, 5 (35%) patients during a colonoscopy, and 4 (29%) patients during a small bowel enteroscopy. Mean age was 74.4 (±11). All patients were referred for work-up of gastrointestinal bleeding or anemia. 5 (35%) patients were treated for vascular lesions including AVMs or angioectasias, 4 (29%) patients for GAVE, 3 (21%) patients for radiation proctitis, and 2 (14%) patients for bleeding ulcers. Adequate hemostasis, defined by cessation of bleeding symptoms, lack of a 10g/L or more decrease in hemoglobin post-procedure, and no further endoscopic therapies in the subsequent 28 days, was achieved in 11 patients (79%). 2 of the 3 patients in which adequate hemostasis was not achieved had additional investigations in which a second source of bleeding was found and treated. 1 patient with colonic AVMs and 1 patient with radiation proctitis required a repeat treatment in 2 weeks and 6 months, respectively. There were no incidence of prolonged abdominal pain, perforations or deaths.
Conclusions
Snare tip spray coagulation appears to be a safe and effective modality for non-contact hemostasis. Larger studies will help solidify its use in daily practice.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fetz
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Shen X, Huo B, Gan S. Effects of Nano-Selenium on Antioxidant Capacity in Se-Deprived Tibetan Gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:981-988. [PMID: 32468222 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) is an endangered ungulate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. This study aimed to determine the influence of nano-Se on antioxidant system in Se-deprived P. picticaudata. We analyzed contents of mineral elements in soil, forage, and animal tissue. Blood parameters and antioxidant indexes were also determined. The results showed that Se concentrations in the soil and forage from affected pasture were significantly lower than those in healthy area (P < 0.01). Se concentrations in blood and hair from affected P. picticaudata were also significantly lower than those in healthy animals (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the levels of Hb, RBC, and PCV in affected gazelle were significantly lower than those in healthy animal (P < 0.01). The activities of AST, ALT, LDH, CK, and UA content in affected animal were significantly lower than those in healthy gazelles (P < 0.01). The levels of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC in serum were significantly lower and the MDA content was significantly higher in affected compared with healthy gazelle (P < 0.01). Affected P. picticaudata were treated orally with nano-Se, Se concentration in blood significantly increased and serum antioxidant indexes greatly returned to within the healthy range. Consequently, nano-Se could not only markedly increase the Se content in blood in Se-deprived P. picticaudata but also much improves the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- College of Life Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Bin Huo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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18
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Sun Q, Liu Q, Di R, Wang Y, Gan S, Liu S, Wang X, Hu W, Cao X, Pan Z, Guo X, Yang Y, Rushdi H, Chu M. Polymorphism and Comparative Expression Analysis of THRSP Gene in Fat-Tailed and Thin-Tailed Sheep Breeds. PAK J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190822070832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Qianbei-pockmarked goats are vital to the production system of western China. This study aimed to determine the influence of nano-zinc on immune function in zinc-deprived goats. We analyzed the mineral concentrations in soil, forage, and animal tissue. Blood parameters and immune indexes were also determined. Results showed that the zinc concentrations in soil and forage from affected area were significantly lower than those in control area (P < 0.01). Zinc contents in tissues (blood and hair) from affected Qianbei-pockmarked goats were also significantly lower than those in healthy animals (P < 0.01). Levels of hemoglobin, erythrocyte count, and packed cell volume from affected animals were markedly lower than those in healthy animals (P < 0.01). Levels of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxide, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity in serum in affected animals were significantly lower, and aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, malondialdehyde in serum were significantly higher than those in healthy goats (P < 0.01). The contents of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G, interleukin-2, interleukin 6, and interleukin-1β from affected animals were significantly lower than those in healthy animals (P < 0.01). The affected Qianbei-pockmarked goats were treated orally with nano-zinc, the concentration of zinc in blood significantly increased, and serum immune indexes greatly returned to that within the healthy range. It was concluded that nano-zinc could not only markedly increase the zinc content in blood of zinc-deprived goats but also much improve the immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Song
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Jian He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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20
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Song C, Gan S, Shen X. Effects of Nano-Copper Poisoning on Immune and Antioxidant Function in the Wumeng Semi-Fine Wool Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:515-520. [PMID: 32130623 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep is vital to the production system of the Wumeng mountainous area in Southwest China. To study the effect of nano-copper poisoning in the Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep, nano-copper poisoning model was established in sheep. We determined blood physiological and biochemical parameters, immune indexes, and antioxidant indicators. The results showed that Hb, RBC, and PCV levels in blood from the nano-copper group were markedly lower (P < 0.01) than those in the control group. Serum LDH, AST, ALT, CPK, and Cp from the nano-copper group were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in control animals. Serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC from the nano-copper group were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in control sheep, and MDA content in serum from the nano-copper group were markedly higher (P < 0.01) than those in control sheep. The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, IgA, IgM, and IgG from the nano-copper group were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in the control group. It was concluded that nano-copper poisoning could not only affect the immune function of Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep but also reduce the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunJie Song
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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21
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Tao L, He X, Wang F, Zhong Y, Pan L, Wang X, Gan S, Di R, Chu M. Luzhong mutton sheep: inbreeding and selection signatures. J Anim Sci Technol 2020; 62:777-789. [PMID: 33987559 PMCID: PMC7721573 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.6.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Intense artificial selection has been imposed to Luzhong mutton sheep population
in the past years. Improvements on growth and reproductive performance are two
breeding goals in the present herd. Although some progresses were phenotypically
observed possibly due to inbreeding induced by strong selection in terms of
these traits, the genomic evaluation was poorly understood. Therefore, a
high-density SNP array was used to characterize the pattern of runs of
homozygosity (ROH), estimate inbreeding and inbreeding depressions on early
growth performance and litter size based upon ROH, and scan positive selection
signatures of recent population. Consequently, a low inbreeding level was
observed which had negative effects on litter size, but not on early growth
performance. And 160 genes were under selection, of which some were reported to
be linked to several traits of sheep including body weight, litter size, carcass
and meat quality, milk yield and composition, fiber quality and health, and the
top genes were associated with growth (growth hormone [GH]- growth hormone
receptor [GHR]- Insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF1] axis) and litter size (bone
morphogenic proteins [BMPs]-associated). The effectiveness of previous breeding
measures was highlighted, but purging selection was proposed to alleviate the
inbreeding depression on litter size, providing some genomic insights to
breeding management of Luzhong mutton sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingjie Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linxiang Pan
- Ji'nan Laiwu Yingtai Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology, Ji'nan, Shandong 271114, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Li R, Yang P, Li M, Fang W, Yue X, Nanaei HA, Gan S, Du D, Cai Y, Dai X, Yang Q, Cao C, Deng W, He S, Li W, Ma R, Liu M, Jiang Y. A Hu sheep genome with the first ovine Y chromosome reveal introgression history after sheep domestication. Sci China Life Sci 2020; 64:1116-1130. [PMID: 32997330 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Y chromosome plays key roles in male fertility and reflects the evolutionary history of paternal lineages. Here, we present a de novo genome assembly of the Hu sheep with the first draft assembly of ovine Y chromosome (oMSY), using nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies. The oMSY that we generated spans 10.6 Mb from which 775 Y-SNPs were identified by applying a large panel of whole genome sequences from worldwide sheep and wild Iranian mouflons. Three major paternal lineages (HY1a, HY1b and HY2) were defined across domestic sheep, of which HY2 was newly detected. Surprisingly, HY2 forms a monophyletic clade with the Iranian mouflons and is highly divergent from both HY1a and HY1b. Demographic analysis of Y chromosomes, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes confirmed that HY2 and the maternal counterpart of lineage C represented a distinct wild mouflon population in Iran that diverge from the direct ancestor of domestic sheep, the wild mouflons in Southeastern Anatolia. Our results suggest that wild Iranian mouflons had introgressed into domestic sheep and thereby introduced this Iranian mouflon specific lineage carrying HY2 to both East Asian and Africa sheep populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wenwen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Hojjat Asadollahpour Nanaei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Duo Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yudong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xuelei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qimeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chunna Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weidong Deng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Sangang He
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass feeding Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, 830026, China
| | - Wenrong Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass feeding Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, 830026, China
| | - Runlin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass feeding Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, 830026, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Xia Q, Li Q, Gan S, Guo X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chu M. Exploring the roles of fecundity-related long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in the adrenal glands of small-tailed Han Sheep. BMC Genet 2020; 21:39. [PMID: 32252625 PMCID: PMC7137433 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play important roles in uterine and ovarian functions. However, little researches have been done on the role of lncRNAs in the adrenal gland of sheep. Herein, RNA sequencing was used to compare and analyze gene expressions in adrenal tissues between follicular phases and luteal phases in FecBBB (MM) and FecB++ (WW) sheep, respectively, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes associated with reproduction were identified. RESULTS In MM sheep, 38 lncRNAs and 545 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the adrenal gland between the luteal and follicular phases; In WW sheep, 513 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 2481 mRNAs were identified. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that differentially expressed lncRNAs and their target genes are mainly involved in the circadian rhythm, the mitogen activated protein kinase, thyroid, ovarian steroidogenesis and transforming growth factor beta signaling pathways. Differentially expressed lncRNAs can regulate reproduction by modulating genes involved in these signaling pathways and biological processes. Specifically, XLOC_254761, XLOC_357966, 105,614,839 and XLOC_212877 targeting CREB1, PER3, SMAD1 and TGFBR2, respectively, appear to play key regulatory roles. CONCLUSION These results broaden our understanding of lncRNAs in adrenal gland of sheep and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, 065000, P.R. China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
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La Y, He X, Zhang L, Di R, Wang X, Gan S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Hu W, Chu M. Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed Profiles of mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in the Uterus of Seasonal Reproduction Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030301. [PMID: 32178360 PMCID: PMC7140836 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoperiod is one of the important factors leading to seasonal reproduction of sheep. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the photoperiod regulation of seasonal reproduction remain poorly understood. In this study, we compared the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in uterine tissues from Sunite sheep during three different photoperiods, namely, the short photoperiod (SP), short transfer to long photoperiod (SLP), and long photoperiod (LP). The results showed that 298, 403, and 378 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 171, 491, and 499 DE lncRNAs, and 124, 270, and 400 DE circRNAs were identified between SP and LP, between SP and SLP, and between LP and SLP, respectively. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed RNAs were mainly involved in the GnRH signaling pathway, thyroid hormone synthesis, and thyroid hormone signaling pathway. In addition, co-expression networks of lncRNA–mRNA were constructed based on the correlation analysis between the differentially expressed RNAs. Our study provides new insights into the expression changes of RNAs in different photoperiods, which might contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms of seasonal reproduction in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu La
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Liping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China;
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China; (X.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China; (X.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (M.C.); Tel.: +86-15901106848 (W.H.); +86-010-62819850 (M.C.)
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (X.H.); (R.D.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (M.C.); Tel.: +86-15901106848 (W.H.); +86-010-62819850 (M.C.)
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Zhang Z, Tang J, Di R, Liu Q, Wang X, Gan S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chu M, Hu W. Integrated Hypothalamic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Reproductive Roles of mRNAs and miRNAs in Sheep. Front Genet 2020; 10:1296. [PMID: 32010181 PMCID: PMC6974689 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Early studies have provided a wealth of information on the functions of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, less is known regarding their functions in the hypothalamus involved in sheep reproduction. To explore the potential roles of hypothalamic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and miRNAs in sheep without FecB mutation, in total, 172 and 235 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 42 and 79 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified in polytocous sheep in the follicular phase versus monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF vs. MF) and polytocous sheep in the luteal phase versus monotocous sheep in the luteal phase (PL vs. ML), respectively, using RNA sequencing. We also identified several key mRNAs (e.g., POMC, GNRH1, PRL, GH, TRH, and TTR) and mRNA–miRNAs pairs (e.g., TRH co-regulated by oar-miR-379-5p, oar-miR-30b, oar-miR-152, oar-miR-495-3p, oar-miR-143, oar-miR-106b, oar-miR-218a, oar-miR-148a, and PRL regulated by oar-miR-432) through functional enrichment analysis, and the identified mRNAs and miRNAs may function, conceivably, by influencing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activities and nerve cell survival associated with reproductive hormone release via direct and indirect ways. This study represents an integral analysis between mRNAs and miRNAs in sheep hypothalamus and provides a valuable resource for elucidating sheep prolificacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jishun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | | | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen W, Tian Z, Ma L, Gan S, Sun W, Chu M. Expression Analysis of BMPR1B, BMP15, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 in Rams with Different Fecundity. PAK J ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190226030219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Takeuchi H, Ishida T, Satou Y, Gohda J, Kitamura H, Gan S, Takahashi K, Yamaoka S. Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies MAPK-RPK required for HIV-1 proviral silencing in non-T cell reservoir cell-line model. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Xu M, Xu C, Liu F, Shen X, Meng J, Chen H, Yang J, Zhou P, Gao R, Gan S. Effects of active immunization with newly modified GnRH peptides on spermatogenesis and production performance of Holstein bulls. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:461-472. [PMID: 29272345 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocastration via vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is an effective alternative to surgical castration in livestock. In this study, male mice were immunized with eight GnRH peptide derivatives. Two, which exhibited highly significant effects in mice, and one which exhibited the least significant effects were selected for active immunization of 13-month-old bulls. The effects of these GnRH vaccines on sexual development and meat quality in bulls were evaluated by examining testis length, serum hormone and GnRH antibody concentrations, observation of sexual behavior and testicular tissue sections, and evaluation of meat quality indexes. The results indicated that anti-GnRH titers increased rapidly (P < 0.05) and serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone concentrations decreased sharply after booster immunization (P < 0.05), while testis volumes were lower (P < 0.01), testicular growth was arrested and spermatogenesis inhibited in group C GnRH-treated versus control bull groups. Meat quality was not significantly different in immunocastrates relative to bulls in the control group. Our collective results provide a scientific basis to further clarify the mechanisms underlying GnRH-mediated regulation of livestock reproduction, and contribute to the development of an efficient, safe, and reversible immune castration vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases and Department of Biochemistry, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Fuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, Guiyang, China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Jimeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- Xinjiang Western Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Rui Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases and Department of Biochemistry, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
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Zhang Z, Tang J, He X, Zhu M, Gan S, Guo X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Hu W, Chu M. Comparative Transcriptomics Identify Key Hypothalamic Circular RNAs that Participate in Sheep ( Ovis aries) Reproduction. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9080557. [PMID: 31416269 PMCID: PMC6721059 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The hypothalamus plays crucial roles in sheep reproduction. However, the expression profiles of sheep hypothalamic circular RNA (circRNA), which has been proved to exert important functions in many physiological processes, remain largely unknown. In this study, we used RNA sequencing to explore the expression of circRNAs in the hypothalamus of sheep with the FecB ++ genotype. The results suggested that several key hypothalamic circRNAs may participate in sheep reproduction by influencing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activities or affecting key gene expression indirectly or directly. This study provides a further reference for understanding the differences of sheep fecundity. Abstract Circular RNA (circRNA), as an emerging class of noncoding RNA, has been found to play key roles in many biological processes. However, its expression profile in the hypothalamus, a powerful organ initiating the reproductive process, has not yet been explored. Therefore, we used RNA sequencing to explore the expression of circRNAs in the hypothalamus of sheep with the FecB ++ genotype. We totally identified 41,863 circRNAs from sheep hypothalamus, in which 333 (162 were upregulated, while 171 were downregulated) were differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the follicular phase versus monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF vs. MF), moreover, 340 circRNAs (163 were upregulated, while 177 were downregulated) were differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the luteal phase versus monotocous sheep in the luteal sheep (PL vs. ML). We also identified several key circRNAs including oar_circ_0018794, oar_circ_0008291, oar_circ_0015119, oar_circ_0012801, oar_circ_0010234, and oar_circ_0013788 through functional enrichment analysis and oar_circ_0012110 through a competing endogenous RNA network, most of which may participate in reproduction by influencing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activities or affecting key gene expression, indirectly or directly. Our study explored the overall expression profile of circRNAs in sheep hypothalamus, which potentially provides an alternative insight into the mechanism of sheep prolificacy without the effects of FecB mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jishun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Agricultural College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zhang Z, Tang J, Di R, Liu Q, Wang X, Gan S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chen W, Hu W, Chu M. Identification of Prolificacy-Related Differentially Expressed Proteins from Sheep (Ovis aries) Hypothalamus by Comparative Proteomics. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900118. [PMID: 31136077 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction, as a physiologically complex process, can significantly affect the development of the sheep industry. However, a lack of overall understanding to sheep fecundity has long blocked the progress in sheep breeding and husbandry. In the present study, the aim is to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) from hypothalamus in sheep without FecB mutation in two comparison groups: polytocous (PF) versus monotocous (MF) sheep at follicular phase and polytocous (PL) versus monotocous (ML) sheep at luteal phase. Totally 5058 proteins are identified in sheep hypothalamus, where 22 in PF versus MF, and 39 proteins in PL versus ML are differentially expressed, respectively. A functional analysis is then conducted including Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis to reveal the potential roles of these DEPs. The proteins ENSOARP00000020097, ENSOARP00000006714, growth hormone (GH), histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), and 5'-3' exoribonuclease 2 (XRN2) in PF versus MF, and bcl-2-associated athanogene 4 (BAG4), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1), and transthyretin (TTR) in PL versus ML appear to modulate reproduction, presumably by influencing the activities of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This study provides an alternative method to identify DEPs associated with sheep prolificacy from the hypothalamus. The mass spectrometry data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013822.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jishun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Zhang Z, Tang J, Di R, Liu Q, Wang X, Gan S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Hu W, Chu M. Comparative Transcriptomics Reveal Key Sheep (Ovis aries) Hypothalamus LncRNAs that Affect Reproduction. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E152. [PMID: 30965601 PMCID: PMC6523726 DOI: 10.3390/ani9040152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which execute their functions mainly through modulating the activities of their target genes, have been have been widely studied for many years (including a number of studies involving lncRNAs in the ovary and uterus). Herein, for the first time, we detect lncRNAs in sheep hypothalami with FecB++ through RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and identify a number of known and novel lncRNAs, with 622 and 809 found to be differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF) vs. monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (MF) and polytocous sheep in the luteal phase (PL) vs. monotocous sheep in the luteal phase (ML), respectively. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed based on the predicted target genes. The most highly enriched GO terms (at the molecular function level) included carbonyl reductase (NADPH), 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+), and prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase activity in PF vs. MF, and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding in PL vs. ML was associated with sheep fecundity. Interestingly, the phenomena of valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation in PL vs. ML, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis in PF vs. MF, were present. In addition, the interactome of lncRNA and its targets showed that MSTRG.26777 and its cis-targets ENSOARG00000013744, ENSOARG00000013700, and ENSOARG00000013777, and MSTRG.105228 and its target WNT7A may participate in the sheep reproductive process at the hypothalamus level. Significantly, MSTRG.95128 and its cis-target Forkhead box L1 (FOXG1) were shown to be upregulated in PF vs. MF but downregulated in PL vs. ML. All of these results may be attributed to discoveries of new candidate genes and pathways related to sheep reproduction, and they may provide new views for understanding sheep reproduction without the effects of the FecB mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jishun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Bellinge J, Macdonald W, Gan S, Chew G, Vickery A, Lewis J, Watts G, Francis R, Schultz C. Improving Understanding of the Bone-Vascular Axis with the Use of 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Bellinge J, Macdoland W, Gan S, Chew G, Vikcery A, Lewis J, Watts G, Francis R, Schultz C. Improving Risk Stratification in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus; an 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography Study. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu C, Meng Q, Chen Y, Xu M, Shen M, Gao R, Gan S. Role of Age-Related Shifts in Rumen Bacteria and Methanogens in Methane Production in Cattle. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1563. [PMID: 28855896 PMCID: PMC5557790 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumen microbiota are essential for maintaining digestive and metabolic functions, producing methane as a byproduct. Dairy heifers produce large amounts of methane based on fermentation of digested organic matter, with adverse consequences for feed efficiency and the environment. It is therefore important to understand the influence of host age on the relationship between microbiota and methane production. This study explored the age effect on the relationship between microbial communities and enteric methane production in dairy cows and heifers using high-throughput sequencing. Methane production and volatile fatty acid concentrations were age-related. Heifers (9–10 months) had lower methane production but higher methane production per dry matter intake (DMI). The acetate:propionate ratio decreased significantly with increasing age. Age-related microbiota changes in the rumen were reflected by a significant shift in bacterial taxa, but relatively stable archaeal taxa. Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Flavonifractor, Succinivibrio, and Methanobrevibacter were affected by age. This study revealed different associations between predominant bacterial phylotypes and Methanobrevibacter with increasing age. Prevotella was strongly correlated with Methanobrevibacter in heifers; howerver, in older cows (96–120 months) this association was replaced by a correlation between Succinivibrio and Methanobrevibacter. This shift may account for the age-related difference in rumen fermentation and methane production per DMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi, China
| | - Qinghui Meng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Mengsi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi, China
| | - Min Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi, China
| | - Rui Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases and Department of Biochemistry, Shihezi University School of MedicineShihezi, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi, China
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Teneggi V, Ng M, Tan D, Subbiah V, Weekes C, Diermayr V, Ethirajulu K, Yeo P, Chen D, Gan S, Blanchard S, Nellore R, Lee M, Hill J, Virshup D, Madan B, Matter A. 152O A phase 1, first-in-human dose escalation study of ETC-159 in advanced or metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw579.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Teneggi V, Ng M, Tan D, Subbiah V, Weekes C, Diermayr V, Ethirajulu K, Yeo P, Chen D, Gan S, Blanchard S, Nellore R, Lee M, Hill J, Virshup D, Madan B, Matter A. 152O A phase 1, first-in-human dose escalation study of ETC-159 in advanced or metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Davis S, Gan S, Jaspan D, Goldberg J. CystoSure® at Time of Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Li J, Hoeppner C, Gan S, Blair A, Min K, Sims A, Tietz A, Vinas M, Rehage T, Malhotra K, Halait H, Brophy V. An extended KRAS mutation test for the detection of 28 common mutations in FFPET and plasma specimens. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw363.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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39
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Gan S, Song L, Chen W, Feng Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu S. Strength and sensation after epidural ropivacaine in men and women. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:1060-5. [PMID: 25919788 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Gan
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - L. Song
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - W. Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Women's Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Z. Feng
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Y. Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Shaoxing Peoples' Hospital; Shaoxing China
| | - J. Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - S. Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
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Zhang W, Wang L, Zhou P, Song G, Shen M, Gan S, Shi G. Identification and analysis of genetic variations in pri-miRNAs expressed specifically or at a high level in sheep skeletal muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117327. [PMID: 25699993 PMCID: PMC4336289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in miRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks and play important roles in many biological processes, such as growth and development of mammals. In this study, we used microarrays to detect 261 miRNAs that are expressed in sheep skeletal muscle. We found 22 miRNAs that showed high levels of expression and equated to 89% of the total miRNA. Genetic variations in these 22 pri-miRNAs were further investigated using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing. A total of 49 genetic variations, which included 41 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 8 deletions/insertions, were identified in four sheep breeds. Three variations were further researched in a larger sample set, including five sheep breeds with different meat production performances. We found that the genotype and allele frequencies of the CCC deletion/insertion in pri-miR-133a were significantly related to the sheep meat production trait. Finally, cell assays and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were employed to investigate the effect of pri-miRNA genetic variation on the miRNA biogenesis process. The results confirmed that genetic variations can influence miRNA biogenesis and increase or decrease the levels of mature miRNAs, in accordance with the energy and stability change of hair-pin secondary structures. Our findings will help to further the understanding of the functions of genetic variations in sheep pri-miRNAs in skeletal muscle growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Guangchao Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Min Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Shangquan Gan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
- * E-mail: (SG); (GS)
| | - Guoqing Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
- * E-mail: (SG); (GS)
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41
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Gao R, Wang L, Sun J, Nie K, Jian H, Gao L, Liao X, Zhang H, Huang J, Gan S. MiR-204 promotes apoptosis in oxidative stress-induced rat Schwann cells by suppressing neuritin
expression. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3225-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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42
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Huang Y, Li Y, Burt DW, Chen H, Zhang Y, Qian W, Kim H, Gan S, Zhao Y, Li J, Yi K, Feng H, Zhu P, Li B, Liu Q, Fairley S, Magor KE, Du Z, Hu X, Goodman L, Tafer H, Vignal A, Lee T, Kim KW, Sheng Z, An Y, Searle S, Herrero J, Groenen MAM, Crooijmans RPMA, Faraut T, Cai Q, Webster RG, Aldridge JR, Warren WC, Bartschat S, Kehr S, Marz M, Stadler PF, Smith J, Kraus RHS, Zhao Y, Ren L, Fei J, Morisson M, Kaiser P, Griffin DK, Rao M, Pitel F, Wang J, Li N. The duck genome and transcriptome provide insight into an avian influenza virus reservoir species. Nat Genet 2013; 45:776-783. [PMID: 23749191 PMCID: PMC4003391 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is one of the principal natural hosts of influenza A viruses. We present the duck genome sequence and perform deep transcriptome analyses to investigate immune-related genes. Our data indicate that the duck possesses a contractive immune gene repertoire, as in chicken and zebra finch, and this repertoire has been shaped through lineage-specific duplications. We identify genes that are responsive to influenza A viruses using the lung transcriptomes of control ducks and ones that were infected with either a highly pathogenic (A/duck/Hubei/49/05) or a weakly pathogenic (A/goose/Hubei/65/05) H5N1 virus. Further, we show how the duck's defense mechanisms against influenza infection have been optimized through the diversification of its β-defensin and butyrophilin-like repertoires. These analyses, in combination with the genomic and transcriptomic data, provide a resource for characterizing the interaction between host and influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - David W Burt
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hualan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | | | | | - Heebal Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shangquan Gan
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kang Yi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huapeng Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Pengyang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Suan Fairley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katharine E Magor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhenlin Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hakim Tafer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alain Vignal
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Taeheon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zheya Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Steve Searle
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Herrero
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martien A M Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Faraut
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Robert G Webster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jerry R Aldridge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wesley C Warren
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Kehr
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manja Marz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Smith
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert H S Kraus
- Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Yaofeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Fei
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mireille Morisson
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Pete Kaiser
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Man Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Frederique Pitel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jun Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yap CL, Gan S, Ng HK. Application of vegetable oils in the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils. J Hazard Mater 2010; 177:28-41. [PMID: 20006435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A brief review is conducted on the application of vegetable oils in the treatment of PAH-contaminated soils. Three main scopes of treatment strategies are discussed in this work including soil washing by oil, integrated oil-biological treatment and integrated oil-non-biological treatment. For each of these, the arguments supporting vegetable oil application, the applied treatment techniques and their efficiencies, associated factors, as well as the feasibility of the techniques are detailed. Additionally, oil regeneration, the environmental impacts of oil residues in soil and comparison with other commonly employed techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Yap
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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44
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Gan S, Lau EV, Ng HK. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). J Hazard Mater 2009; 172:532-549. [PMID: 19700241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic micropollutants which are resistant to environmental degradation due to their highly hydrophobic nature. Concerns over their adverse health effects have resulted in extensive studies on the remediation of soils contaminated with PAHs. This paper aims to provide a review of the remediation technologies specifically for PAH-contaminated soils. The technologies discussed here include solvent extraction, bioremediation, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation, photocatalytic degradation, electrokinetic remediation, thermal treatment and integrated remediation technologies. For each of these, the theories are discussed in conjunction with comparative evaluation of studies reported in the specialised literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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45
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Swartzberg D, Dai N, Gan S, Amasino R, Granot D. Effects of cytokinin production under two SAG promoters on senescence and development of tomato plants. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2006; 8:579-86. [PMID: 16883480 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two promoters of senescence-associated ARABIDOPSIS genes, SAG12 and SAG13, were used in tomato plants to express IPT that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cytokinin biosynthesis. Expression of these heterologous promoters in tomato plants was analyzed using the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase. Both promoters are expressed in tomato leaves in a manner similar to their expression in ARABIDOPSIS plants. The SAG12 promoter is very specific to senescing leaves, whereas the SAG13 promoter is expressed in mature leaves prior to the onset of visible senescence and its expression increases in senescing leaves. Expression of both promoters in tomato tissues other than leaves was very low . IPT expressed under the control of SAG12 and SAG13 promoters ( PSAG12::IPT and PSAG13::IPT, respectively) resulted in suppression of leaf senescence and advanced flowering, as well as in a slight increase in fruit weight and fruit total soluble solids (TSS). However, expression of PSAG13::IPT also led to stem thickening, short internodal distances and loss of apical dominance. In contrast to the autoregulation of PSAG12::IPT, PSAG13::IPT is expressed at higher levels in mature leaves. This difference is likely due to PSAG13::IPT exhibiting two phases of expression - a senescence-independent expression prior to the onset of senescence that is not subjected to autoregulation by cytokinin, and enhanced expression throughout senescence which is autoregualted by cytokinin. This moderate different autoregulated behavior of PSAG12::IPT and PSAG13::IPT markedly influenced plant development, emphasizing the biological effects of cytokinin in addition to senescence inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Swartzberg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
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46
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Jin E, Ma D, Liang Y, Ji A, Gan S. MRI findings of eosinophilic myelomeningoencephalitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:242-50. [PMID: 15664579 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2004] [Revised: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 05/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the imaging characteristics of eosinophilic myelomeningoencephalitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen MRI examinations of the brain and spinal cord in five patients with angiostrongyliasis cantonensis of the central nervous system were performed. The final diagnosis was based on typical clinical symptoms, results of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests, and the presence of nematode larvae in the CSF. The sequential MRI follow-up examinations were carried out at a different stage for every patient from 1 to 28 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The features of the lesions in the brain, spinal cord, meninges and nerve roots on MRI were studied, moreover, the development of the lesions was analysed on follow-up MRI. RESULTS Abnormalities were demonstrated on MRI in all five cases. They included three cases of meningoencephalitis, one case of encephalitis and one myelomeningitis. The locations and appearances of the lesions were as follows: (1) brain involvement in four cases (including cerebrum in four, cerebellum in two and brain stem in three), and spinal cord involvement in one case. These lesions were diffuse or scattered and appeared as similar or slightly reduced signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI), high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) and turbo fluid attenuated inversion recovery pulse sequence (FLAIR) images. After administration of gadolinium chelate (Gd-DTPA), multiple round or oval enhancing nodules, with diameters ranging from 3 to 10 mm, were seen on T1WI, a few lesions appeared as stick-shaped enhancement whose longest measurement was 14 mm. Diffuse or local oedema around the lesion could be seen. (2) Meningeal involvement in four cases, a case of ependymal involvement and a case of nerve root involvement were among them. These lesions appeared as linear or nodular enhancement of the leptomeninges and ependyma, as well as nerve root enhancement. (3) There was a mild ventricular enlargement in two cases. On follow-up MRI lesions were most severe from the 5th week to the 8th week and it took at least 4-8 weeks (1-2 months) for a lesion to resolve completely, the resolution of larger lesion needed more than 22 weeks. CONCLUSION Multiple enhancing nodules in the brain and linear enhancement in the leptomeninges were the main features; stick-shaped enhancement was the characteristic sign of the disease on Gd-DTPA enhanced-T1 weighted images.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jin
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliate of Capital University of Medical Sciences, 95 Yong-An Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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47
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He Y, Gan S. Identical promoter elements are involved in regulation of the OPR1 gene by senescence and jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol Biol 2001; 47:595-605. [PMID: 11725945 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012211011538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Like other developmental processes, the terminal phase of leaf development, generally referred to as leaf senescence. regulates a subset of genes whose transcript abundances are increased during senescence. Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant growth regulator, also regulates the expression of subsets of genes in many aspects of plant growth and development, including leaf senescence. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which senescence and JA modulate gene expression are poorly understood. During an effort to isolate senescence-associated genes, we identified an Arabidopsis enhancer trap line in which the reporter gene GUS is up-regulated by both senescence and JA. The T-DNA tagged gene was subsequently cloned using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). This gene encodes a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid-10,11-reductase (OPR1). Consistent with the GUS expression data, RNA gel blot analysis showed that OPR1 was indeed up-regulated by both senescence and JA. Promoter deletion analysis and linker-scanning mutagenesis assays were employed to unveil the molecular bases of OPR1 regulation by senescence and JA. Two regulatory cis elements, namely JASE1 (5'-CGTCAATGAA-3') and JASE2 (5'-CATACGTCGTCAA-3'), in the promoter region of the gene, were identified. While JASE2 contains a mixed A/C box-like motif, JASE1 represents a new motif without any signature sequence so far reported. Both elements were required for the up-regulation of OPR1 by leaf senescence and JA. suggesting that leaf senescence and JA may share a common molecular mechanism for modulating OPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0236, USA
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48
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Abstract
A typical eukaryotic promoter consists of a minimal promoter and other upstream cis elements. The minimal promoter is essentially a TATA box region where RNA polymerase II, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and TBP-associated factors (TAFs) bind to initiate transcription, but minimal promoters alone have no transcriptional activity. The cis elements, to which tissue-specific or development-specific transcription factors bind, individually or in combination, determine the spatio-temporal expression pattern of a promoter at the transcriptional level. The arrangement of upstream cis elements followed by a minimal promoter sets the polarity of the promoter. Promoters in plants that have been cloned and widely used for both basic research and biotechnological application are generally unidirectional, directing only one gene that has been fused at its 3' end (downstream). It is often necessary to introduce multiple genes into plants for metabolic engineering and trait stacking. It is also desirable to minimize or avoid repeated use of a single promoter that may cause transcriptional gene silencing. Here we describe a strategy to make polar promoters bidirectional so that one promoter can direct the expression of two genes, one on each end of the promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xie
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0236, USA
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49
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He Y, Tang W, Swain JD, Green AL, Jack TP, Gan S. Networking senescence-regulating pathways by using Arabidopsis enhancer trap lines. Plant Physiol 2001; 126:707-16. [PMID: 11402199 PMCID: PMC111161 DOI: 10.1104/pp.126.2.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2001] [Revised: 03/26/2001] [Accepted: 04/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The last phase of leaf development, generally referred to as leaf senescence, is an integral part of plant development that involves massive programmed cell death. Due to a sharp decline of photosynthetic capacity in a leaf, senescence limits crop yield and forest plant biomass production. However, the biochemical components and regulatory mechanisms underlying leaf senescence are poorly characterized. Although several approaches such as differential cDNA screening, differential display, and cDNA subtraction have been employed to isolate senescence-associated genes (SAGs), only a limited number of SAGs have been identified, and information regarding the regulation of these genes is fragmentary. Here we report on the utilization of enhancer trap approach toward the identification and analysis of SAGs. We have developed a sensitive large-scale screening method and have screened 1,300 Arabidopsis enhancer trap lines and have identified 147 lines in which the reporter gene GUS (beta-glucuronidase) is expressed in senescing leaves but not in non-senescing ones. We have systematically analyzed the regulation of beta-glucuronidase expression in 125 lines (genetically, each contains single T-DNA insertion) by six senescence-promoting factors, namely abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroid, darkness, and dehydration. This analysis not only reveals the complexity of the regulatory circuitry but also allows us to postulate the existence of a network of senescence-promoting pathways. We have also cloned three SAGs from randomly selected enhancer trap lines, demonstrating that reporter expression pattern reflects the expression pattern of the endogenous gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0236, USA
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50
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Wang E, Wang R, DeParasis J, Loughrin JH, Gan S, Wagner GJ. Suppression of a P450 hydroxylase gene in plant trichome glands enhances natural-product-based aphid resistance. Nat Biotechnol 2001; 19:371-4. [PMID: 11283597 DOI: 10.1038/86770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Trichome glands on the surface of many higher plants produce and secrete exudates affecting insects, microbes, and herbivores. Metabolic engineering of gland exudation has potential for improving pest/disease resistance, and for facilitating molecular farming. We identified a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase gene specific to the trichome gland and used both antisense and sense co-suppression strategies to investigate its function. P450-suppressed transgenic tobacco plants showed a > or =41% decrease in the predominant exudate component, cembratriene-diol (CBT-diol), and a > or =19-fold increase in its precursor, cembratriene-ol (CBT-ol). Thus, the level of CBT-ol was raised from 0.2 to > or =4.3% of leaf dry weight. Exudate from antisense-expressing plants had higher aphidicidal activity, and transgenic plants with exudate containing high concentrations of CBT-ol showed greatly diminished aphid colonization responses. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of significantly modifying the natural-product chemical composition and aphid-interactive properties of gland exudates using metabolic engineering. The results also have implications for molecular farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wang
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Agronomy Department, N212 ASCN, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
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