1
|
Salvator H, Grassin-Delyle S, Brollo M, Couderc LJ, Abrial C, Victoni T, Naline E, Devillier P. Adiponectin Inhibits the Production of TNF-α, IL-6 and Chemokines by Human Lung Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:718929. [PMID: 34512346 PMCID: PMC8428996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.718929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with an elevated risk of severe respiratory infections and inflammatory lung diseases. The objectives were to investigate 1) the production of adiponectin by human lung explants, 2) the expression of the adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 by human lung macrophages (LMs), and 3) the impact of recombinant human adiponectin and a small-molecule APN receptor agonist (AdipoRon) on LMs activation. Material and methods: Human parenchyma explants and LMs were isolated from patients operated for carcinoma. The LMs were cultured with recombinant adiponectin or AdipoRon and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (10 ng ml-1), poly (I:C) (10 µg ml-1) or interleukin (IL)-4 (10 ng ml-1) for 24 h. Cytokines or adiponectin, released by explants or LMs, were measured using ELISAs. The mRNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were determined using real-time quantitative PCR. AdipoRs expression was also assessed with confocal microscopy. Results: Adiponectin was released by lung explants at a level negatively correlated with the donor's body mass index. AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were both expressed in LMs. Adiponectin (3-30 µg ml-1) and AdipoRon (25-50 μM) markedly inhibited the LPS- and poly (I:C)-induced release of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, IL-6 and chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10) and the IL-4-induced release of chemokines (CCL13, CCL17, CCL22) in a concentration-dependent manner. Recombinant adiponectin produced in mammalian cells (lacking low molecular weight isoforms) had no effects on LMs. Conclusion and implications: The low-molecular-weight isoforms of adiponectin and AdipoRon have an anti-inflammatory activity in the lung environment. Targeting adiponectin receptors may constitute a new means of controlling airways inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Salvator
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, , France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Stanislas Grassin-Delyle
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, , France.,Mass Spectrometry Platform and INSERM UMR1173, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Marion Brollo
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Louis-Jean Couderc
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, , France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Charlotte Abrial
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Tatiana Victoni
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Emmanuel Naline
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, , France
| | - Philippe Devillier
- Laboratory of Research in respiratory Pharmacology- Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM)- UMR 0892 Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, , France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen H, Zhang X, Liao N, Ji Y, Mi L, Gan Y, Su Y, Wen F. Identification of NLRP3 Inflammation-Related Gene Promoter Hypomethylation in Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:12. [PMID: 33156339 PMCID: PMC7671867 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.13.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify and validate key genes that could provide a new perspective for genetic marker screening of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods The gene expression and DNA methylation profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Differential expression analysis was conducted using the limma package, and then the functions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the DAVID database, followed by protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks using Cytoscape software. We employed the Sequenom MassARRAY system to detect the promoter methylation levels of the candidate genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 32 healthy individuals and 94 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D; 64 with DR and 30 without DR) and in fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) from three proliferative DR patients and three controls with idiopathic epiretinal membranes. The mRNA levels of candidate genes were further confirmed via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results A significant enrichment of 5906 DEGs was found in immune and inflammatory responses. TGFB1, CCL2, and TNFSF2 were identified as the top three core genes associated with NLRP3 inflammation in PPI networks. These genes have relatively low levels of promoter methylation, which have been validated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and FVMs from DR patients, and the methylation levels were found to be negative correlated with the mRNA levels and HbA1c levels in T2D patients. Conclusions Overall, these data indicate that promoter hypomethylation of NLRP3, TGFB1, CCL2, and TNFSF2 may increase the risk of DR in the Chinese Han population, indicating that these genes might serve as potential targets for the detection and treatment of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nanying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao L, Sun N, Xu Q, Jiang Z, Li C. Comparative analysis of mRNA expression profiles in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epigenomics 2019; 11:685-699. [PMID: 31016992 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to understand the individual and shared features of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) by analyzing the gene expression profile. Materials & methods: An integrated analysis was performed with microarray datasets for T1D and T2D. Compared with normal control, shared and specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in T1D and T2D were obtained. Functional annotation, further validation and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results: Five and three datasets for T1D and T2D were downloaded, respectively. In total, 141 (85 T1D vs 56 normal controls) and 70 (29 T2D vs 41 normal controls) peripheral blood samples were included in T1D and T2D group, respectively. Compared with normal controls, 119 and 146 DEGs were found in T1D and T2D, respectively. PNP and CCR1 have great diagnostic value for both T1D and T2D. MGAM and NAMPT had great diagnostic value for T2D. Conclusion: Our finding provided clues for developing biomarkers for diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Department of Critical-care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qinglei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Lanshan District Diabetes Hospital of LinYi, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi 276038, China
| | - Zhiming Jiang
- Department of Critical-care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Critical-care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saik OV, Nimaev VV, Usmonov DB, Demenkov PS, Ivanisenko TV, Lavrik IN, Ivanisenko VA. Prioritization of genes involved in endothelial cell apoptosis by their implication in lymphedema using an analysis of associative gene networks with ANDSystem. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:47. [PMID: 30871556 PMCID: PMC6417156 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, more than 150 million people worldwide suffer from lymphedema. It is a chronic progressive disease characterized by high-protein edema of various parts of the body due to defects in lymphatic drainage. Molecular-genetic mechanisms of the disease are still poorly understood. Beginning of a clinical manifestation of primary lymphedema in middle age and the development of secondary lymphedema after treatment of breast cancer can be genetically determined. Disruption of endothelial cell apoptosis can be considered as one of the factors contributing to the development of lymphedema. However, a study of the relationship between genes associated with lymphedema and genes involved in endothelial apoptosis, in the associative gene network was not previously conducted. METHODS In the current work, we used well-known methods (ToppGene and Endeavour), as well as methods previously developed by us, to prioritize genes involved in endothelial apoptosis and to find potential participants of molecular-genetic mechanisms of lymphedema among them. Original methods of prioritization took into account the overrepresented Gene Ontology biological processes, the centrality of vertices in the associative gene network, describing the interactions of endothelial apoptosis genes with genes associated with lymphedema, and the association of the analyzed genes with diseases that are comorbid to lymphedema. RESULTS An assessment of the quality of prioritization was performed using criteria, which involved an analysis of the enrichment of the top-most priority genes by genes, which are known to have simultaneous interactions with lymphedema and endothelial cell apoptosis, as well as by genes differentially expressed in murine model of lymphedema. In particular, among genes involved in endothelial apoptosis, KDR, TNF, TEK, BMPR2, SERPINE1, IL10, CD40LG, CCL2, FASLG and ABL1 had the highest priority. The identified priority genes can be considered as candidates for genotyping in the studies involving the search for associations with lymphedema. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of interactions of these genes in the associative gene network of lymphedema can improve understanding of mechanisms of interaction between endothelial apoptosis and lymphangiogenesis, and shed light on the role of disturbance of these processes in the development of edema, chronic inflammation and connective tissue transformation during the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Saik
- Laboratory of Computer-Assisted Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Vadim V. Nimaev
- Laboratory of Surgical Lymphology and Lymphodetoxication, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymрhology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Timakova 2, Novosibirsk, 630117 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Dilovarkhuja B. Usmonov
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ya. L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, st. Frunze 17, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
| | - Pavel S. Demenkov
- Laboratory of Computer-Assisted Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Timofey V. Ivanisenko
- Laboratory of Computer-Assisted Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Inna N. Lavrik
- Laboratory of Computer-Assisted Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Pfalzer Platz 28, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir A. Ivanisenko
- Laboratory of Computer-Assisted Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vistnes M, Tapia G, Mårild K, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Viken MK, Magnus P, Berg JP, Gillespie KM, Skrivarhaug T, Njølstad PR, Joner G, Størdal K, Stene LC. Plasma immunological markers in pregnancy and cord blood: A possible link between macrophage chemo-attractants and risk of childhood type 1 diabetes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 79. [PMID: 29266506 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Previous studies have suggested that immune perturbations during pregnancy can affect offspring type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. We aimed to identify immunological markers that could predict offspring T1D or that were linked to T1D risk factors. METHOD OF STUDY We quantified selected circulating immunological markers in mid-pregnancy (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-1ra, IL-2Rα, IL-2, -4, -5, -6, -10, -12p70, 13, -17A, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, CXCL10, CCL 2, CCL3, CCL4, TNF) and cord blood plasma (neopterin and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio) in a case-control study with 175 mother/child T1D cases (median age 5.8, range 0.7-13.0 years) and 552 controls. RESULTS Pre-pregnancy obesity was positively associated with CCL4, CXCL10, kynurenine/tryptophan ratio and neopterin (P < .01). The established T1D SNPs rs1159465 (near IL2RA) and rs75352297 (near CCR2 and CCR3) were positively associated with IL-2Rα and CCL4, respectively (P < .01). There was a borderline association of CCL4 and offspring T1D risk, independent of maternal obesity and genotype. When grouping the immunological markers, there was a borderline association (P = .05) with M1 phenotype and no association between M2-, Th1-, Th2- or Th17 phenotypes and offspring T1D risk. CONCLUSION Increased mid-pregnancy CCL4 levels showed borderline associations with increased offspring T1D risk, which may indicate a link between environmental factors in pregnancy and offspring T1D risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vistnes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - German Tapia
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Mårild
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marte K Viken
- Department of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Magnus
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens P Berg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kathleen M Gillespie
- Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Clinical Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Torild Skrivarhaug
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Joner
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ketil Størdal
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Pediatric Department, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
| | - Lars C Stene
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chang TT, Chen JW. Emerging role of chemokine CC motif ligand 4 related mechanisms in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease: friends or foes? Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:117. [PMID: 27553774 PMCID: PMC4995753 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are critical components in pathology. The roles of chemokine CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4) and its receptor are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases. However, due to the complexity of these diseases, the specific effects of CCL4 remain unclear, although recent reports have suggested that multiple pathways are related to CCL4. In this review, we provide an overview of the role and potential mechanisms of CCL4 and one of its major receptors, fifth CC chemokine receptor (CCR5), in DM and cardiovascular diseases. CCL4-related mechanisms, including CCL4 and CCR5, might provide potential therapeutic targets in DM and/or atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dam V, Sikder T, Santosa S. From neutrophils to macrophages: differences in regional adipose tissue depots. Obes Rev 2016; 17:1-17. [PMID: 26667065 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Currently, we do not fully understand the underlying mechanisms of how regional adiposity promotes metabolic dysregulation. As adipose tissue expands, there is an increase in chronic systemic low-grade inflammation due to greater infiltration of immune cells and production of cytokines. This chronic inflammation is thought to play a major role in the development of metabolic complications and disease such as insulin resistance and diabetes. We know that different adipose tissue depots contribute differently to the risk of metabolic disease. People who have an upper body fat distribution around the abdomen are at greater risk of disease than those who tend to store fat in their lower body around the hips and thighs. Thus, it is conceivable that adipose tissue depots contribute differently to the inflammatory milieu as a result of varied infiltration of immune cell types. In this review, we describe the role and function of major resident immune cells in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and discuss their regional differences in the context of metabolic disease risk. We find that although initial studies have found regional differences, a more comprehensive understanding of how immune cells interrupt adipose tissue homeostasis is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Dam
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - T Sikder
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Santosa
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Nutrition, Obesity, and Metabolism Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Hypersensitivity and autoimmunity are the main features of immune system-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), multiple sclerosis (MS), and asthma. It has been established that chemokines play key roles in the activation and regulation of immune cell migration which is important in the pathogenesis of the diseases mentioned. CC chemokines receptor 5 or CCR5 is a receptor for RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β and is expressed by several immune cells including NK cells, T lymphocytes, and macrophages. It plays key roles in the regulation of migration and activation of the immune cells during immune responses against microbe and self-antigens during autoimmunity and hypersensitivity disorders. Therefore, any alteration in the sequence of CCR5 gene or in its expression could be associated with immune system-related diseases. Previous studies revealed that a 32-base pair deletion (Δ 32) in exon 1 of the CCR5 gene led to downregulation of the gene. Previous studies demonstrated that not only CCR5 expression was altered in autoimmune and hypersensitivity disorders, but also that the mutation is associated with the diseases. This review addresses the recent information regarding the association of the CCR5 Δ 32 mutation in immune-related diseases including T2D with and without nephropathy, MS, and asthma. Based on the collected data, it seems that the CCR5 Δ 32 mutation can be considered as a risk factor for MS, but not asthma and T2D with and without nephropathy.
Collapse
|
9
|
The risk of heart failure and cardiometabolic complications in obesity may be masked by an apparent healthy status of normal blood glucose. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:253657. [PMID: 24454978 PMCID: PMC3876462 DOI: 10.1155/2013/253657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although many obese individuals are normoglycemic and asymptomatic of cardiometabolic complications, this apparent healthy state may be a misnomer. Since heart failure is a major cause of mortality in obesity, we investigated the effects of heme-oxygenase (HO) on heart failure and cardiometabolic complications in obese normoglycemic Zucker-fatty rats (ZFs). Treatment with the HO-inducer, hemin, reduced markers of heart failure, such as osteopontin and osteoprotegerin, abated left-ventricular (LV) hypertrophy/fibrosis, extracellular matrix/profibrotic proteins including collagen IV, fibronectin, TGF-β1, and reduced cardiac lesions. Furthermore, hemin suppressed inflammation by abating macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β but enhanced adiponectin, atrial-natriuretic peptide (ANP), HO activity, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism. Correspondingly, hemin improved several hemodynamic/echocardiographic parameters including LV-diastolic wall thickness, LV-systolic wall thickness, mean-arterial pressure, arterial-systolic pressure, arterial-diastolic pressure, LV-developed pressure, +dP/dt, and cardiac output. Contrarily, the HO-inhibitor, stannous mesoporphyrin nullified the hemin effect, exacerbating inflammatory/oxidative insults and aggravated insulin resistance (HOMA-index). We conclude that perturbations in insulin signaling and cardiac function may be forerunners to overt hyperglycemia and heart failure in obesity. Importantly, hemin improves cardiac function by suppressing markers of heart failure, LV hypertrophy, cardiac lesions, extracellular matrix/profibrotic proteins, and inflammatory/oxidative mediators, while concomitantly enhancing the HO-adiponectin-ANP axis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Frasca D, Diaz A, Romero M, Mendez NV, Landin AM, Ryan JG, Blomberg BB. Young and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes have optimal B cell responses to the seasonal influenza vaccine. Vaccine 2013; 31:3603-10. [PMID: 23711934 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated immune response to the seasonal influenza vaccine in young and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Immune measures included the in vivo serum response to the vaccine by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and ELISA in 22 patients (14 young, 8 elderly) and 65 healthy age-matched controls (37 young, 28 elderly). B cell-specific biomarkers of optimal vaccine response were measured ex vivo by switched memory B cells and plasmablasts and in vitro by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in stimulated cells. Markers of systemic and B cell-intrinsic inflammation were also measured. Results show that in vivo responses, as well as B cell-specific markers identified above, decrease by age in healthy individuals but not in T2D patients. This occurred despite high levels of B cell-intrinsic inflammation (TNF-α) in T2D patients, which was surprising as we had previously demonstrated this negatively impacts B cell function. These results altogether suggest that valid protection against influenza can be achieved in T2D patients and proposed mechanisms are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Eisinger K, Bauer S, Schäffler A, Walter R, Neumann E, Buechler C, Müller-Ladner U, Frommer KW. Chemerin induces CCL2 and TLR4 in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Exp Mol Pathol 2011; 92:90-6. [PMID: 22037282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemerin stimulates migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation and also increases inflammatory signaling in chondrocytes suggesting a function of chemerin in joint inflammation. Synovial fibroblasts (SF) are critically involved in synovitis and subsequent cartilage destruction. Here, we analyzed whether synovial fibroblasts express chemerin and its receptor CMKLR1. Further, the role of chemerin in synovial fibroblast chemotaxis, proliferation, insulin response and release of inflammatory proteins was studied. METHODS Synovial tissue sections were labeled with chemerin antibody and chemerin was measured in synovial fluid by ELISA. Chemerin mRNA and protein as well as CMKLR1 expression were determined in SFs from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Effects of chemerin on cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and on proliferation, migration and insulin signaling were analyzed appropriately. RESULTS SFs expressed CMKLR1 and chemerin mRNA, and chemerin protein was found in cell supernatants of synovial fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry detected chemerin in synovial tissue predominantly localized within the lining layer. Chemerin was present in synovial fluids of RA, OA and psoriatic arthritis patients in similar concentrations. Chemerin neither increased IL-6 levels nor MMP-2 or -9 activity in SFs. Also, it did not act as a chemoattractant for these cells. With respect to intracellular signaling, neither basal nor insulin-mediated phosphorylation of Akt was affected. However, chemerin significantly increased TLR4 mRNA and synthesis of CCL2 in SFs while CCL4 and -5 were not altered. Cell proliferation of SFs, however, was modestly reduced by chemerin. CONCLUSIONS These data show that human SFs express both chemerin and its receptor. As chemerin enhanced expression of TLR4 and induced release of CCL2 in SFs, a role of this protein in innate immune system-associated joint inflammation is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Eisinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|