Interleukin-10 -1082 G/A polymorphism and its association with early or severe presentation of coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IL10 promoter variants are associated with gene expression but they are not markers of susceptibility to acute coronary syndrome

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Here, we evaluated the role of IL10 promoter variants as markers for ACS susceptibility in Western Mexican patients as well as its association with IL10 mRNA and IL-10 plasma levels. Three promoter variants (- 1082 A > G, - 819 T > C and - 592 A > C) were analyzed in 300 ACS patients and 300 control group (CG) individuals. IL10 relative gene expression was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and IL-10 levels were quantified in plasma. The allelic, genotypic and haplotypic frequencies did not show significant differences between groups. ACS patients had sevenfold higher mRNA IL10 level compared to CG (p = 0.0013). Homozygous C/C carriers in both - 819 T > C and - 592 A > C variants had 0.4-fold higher IL10 mRNA expression than heterozygous and polymorphic allele homozygous genotypes (p = 0.0357) in ACS group. There were significant differences in plasma IL-10 levels in CG and ACS group (1.001 vs 1.777 pg/mL, p = 0.0051). The variants were not markers of susceptibility to ACS in Western Mexican individuals. ACS patients showed higher IL10 expression than CG individuals which could be mediated by - 819 T > C and - 592 A > C variants and pharmacotherapy.

Interleukin 10 (IL10) promoter region polymorphism is associated with IL10 serum concentrations and processing speed in healthy community-dwelling older adults

Inflammation is repressed by interleukin 10 (IL10), a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, and unchecked inflammation can have detrimental effects on cognition. In healthy older adults enrolled in the Australian Research Council Longevity Intervention (ARCLI) cohort we explored whether a known functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of IL10, -1082 G/A (rs1800896), was associated with reaction times on computerized cognitive testing that included elements of processing speed (i.e., reaction time). Participants were aged 60-75 years (240 females, 158 males), free of dementia and psychiatric disorders, and provide a blood sample. Processing speed was measured using the Swinburne University Computerized Cognitive Assessment Battery (SUCCAB), which includes measures of reaction time (in milliseconds, ms) on six tasks. Blood-derived DNA was genotyped for the IL10 rs1800896 SNP and presence of the APOE E4 allele. General linear models for each SUCCAB subtest were fitted, with age, sex, education (years), APOE E4 carrier status, and IL10 genotype as independent variables. Carriers of the IL10 AA genotype had significantly slower reaction times on multiple tests compared to carriers of the minor allele (AG, GG) and lower IL10 serum levels. Although IL10 SNPs have not been detected in Alzheimer's disease genome-wide associated studies, these results support further exploration of IL10 mechanisms as a possible resilience factor.

Ethanolic Extract of Propolis and CAPE as Cardioprotective Agents against LPS and IFN-α Stressed Cardiovascular Injury

The inflammatory process is triggered by several factors such as toxins, pathogens, and damaged cells, promoting inflammation in various systems, including the cardiovascular system, leading to heart failure. The link between periodontitis as a chronic inflammatory disease and cardiovascular disease is confirmed. Propolis and its major component, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), exhibit protective mechanisms and anti-inflammatory effects on the cardiovascular system. The objective of the conducted study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the Polish ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and its major component-CAPE-in interferon-alpha (IFN-α), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS + IFN-α-induced human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). EEP and CAPE were used at 10-100 µg/mL. A multiplex assay was used for interleukin and adhesive molecule detection. Our results demonstrate that EEP, at a concentration of 25 µg/mL, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in LPS-induced HGF-1. At the same concentration, EEP increases the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in LPS + IFN-α-induced HGF-1. In the case of CAPE, IL-6 in LPS and LPS + IFN-α induced HGF-1 was decreased in all concentrations. However, in the case of IL-10, CAPE causes the highest increase at 50 µg/mL in IFN-α induced HGF-1. Regarding the impact of EEP on adhesion molecules, there was a noticeable reduction of E-selectin by EEP at 25, 50, and100 µg/mL in IFN-α -induced HGF-1. In a range of 10-100 µg/mL, EEP decreased endothelin-1 (ET-1) during all stimulations. CAPE statistically significantly decreases the level of ET-1 at 25-100 µg/mL in IFN-α and LPS + IFN-α. In the case of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), EEP and CAPE downregulated its expression in a non-statistically significant manner. Based on the obtained results, EEP and CAPE may generate beneficial cardiovascular effects by influencing selected factors. EEP and CAPE exert an impact on cytokines in a dose-dependent manner.

Analysis of Mutational Status of IGHV, and Cytokine Polymorphisms as Prognostic Factors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Romanian Experience

The aim of the current study was to assess the associations between genetic risk factors (such as the mutational status of the IGHV gene and polymorphisms of the IL-10 and TNF-α genes) and CLL risk, prognosis, and overall survival. Another goal of this study was to evaluate the multivariate effect of the combination of multiple genetic risk factors (mutational status of the IGHV gene, somatic mutations, DNA CNVs, and cytokine SNPs) on the clinical characteristics and survival of patients. A total of 125 CLL patients and 239 healthy controls were included for comparative SNP analysis. IL-10 (rs1800896 and rs1800872) and TNF-α (rs361525 and rs1800750) SNPs and haplotypes were not associated with CLL risk. The absence of hypermutation in the IGHV gene was shown to be of important prognostic value, being associated with short OS. Further individual risk factors for short OS were an age above 65 years at diagnosis and the presence of somatic mutations and/or CNVs. In our multivariable analysis, the presence of somatic mutations and the IL-10 rs1800872 variant allele, and the association of CNVs with the IL-10 rs1800896 variant allele, were identified as risk factors for short OS. Moreover, the OS in unmutated IGHV patients was additionally affected (decreased) by the presence of CNVs and/or somatic mutations. Similarly, IL-10 rs1800896 modulated the OS in unmutated IGHV patients with CNVs.