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Bao HF, She CH, Hou CC, Ji DN, Hu D, Zou J, Shen Y, Jian LL, Cai JF, Ye JF, Luo D, Ma HF, Guan JL. PLK1-activating IFI16-STING-TBK1 pathway induces apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in patients with intestinal Behçet's syndrome. FEBS J 2024; 291:3432-3453. [PMID: 38676954 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory signals from immunological cells may cause damage to intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), resulting in intestinal inflammation and tissue impairment. Interferon-γ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) was reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Behçet's syndrome (BS). This study aimed to investigate how inflammatory cytokines released by immunological cells and IFI16 participate in the pathogenesis of intestinal BS. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that the positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of intestinal BS patients may be related to the upregulation of polo like kinase 1 (PLK1) in PBMCs (P = 0.012). The plasma TNF-α protein level in intestinal BS was significantly higher than in healthy controls (HCs; P = 0.009). PBMCs of intestinal BS patients and HCs were co-cultured with human normal IECs (NCM460) to explore the interaction between immunological cells and IECs. Using IFI16 knockdown, PBMC-NCM460 co-culture, TNF-α neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb), stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist 2'3'-cGAMP, and the PLK1 inhibitor SBE 13 HCL, we found that PLK1 promotes the secretion of TNF-α from PBMCs of intestinal BS patients, which causes overexpression of IFI16 and induces apoptosis of IECs via the STING-TBK1 pathway. The expressions of IFI16, TNF-α, cleaved caspase 3, phosphorylated STING (pSTING) and phosphorylated tank binding kinase 1 (pTBK1) in the intestinal ulcer tissue of BS patients were significantly higher than that of HCs (all P < 0.05). PLK1 in PBMCs of intestinal BS patients increased TNF-α secretion, inducing IEC apoptosis via activation of the IFI16-STING-TBK1 pathway. PLK1 and the IFI16-STING-TBK1 pathway may be new therapeutic targets for intestinal BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Fang Bao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Hui She
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Nian Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei-Lei Jian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Fei Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Fen Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Fen Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Long Guan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Fan Z, Chen R, Yin W, Xie X, Wang S, Hao C. Effects of AIM2 and IFI16 on Infectious Diseases and Inflammation. Viral Immunol 2023; 36:438-448. [PMID: 37585649 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Both absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) are intracellular innate immune receptors that recognize double-stranded DNA released during pathogenic infection, leading to the assembly of the inflammasome. The assembly of the inflammasome results in the secretion of bioactive interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and induces cell death through an inflammatory process called pyroptosis. Although the AIM2 inflammasome is generally harmful in the context of some aseptic inflammatory illnesses, it plays a protective role in infectious diseases. During inflammatory processes, there is competition between IFI16 and AIM2. In this review, we explore the impacts of IFI16 and AIM2 in infectious disease and aseptic inflammation, respectively, and how they compete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, P.R. China
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Liu J, Zhang H, Su Y, Zhang B. Application and prospect of targeting innate immune sensors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:68. [PMID: 35619184 PMCID: PMC9134593 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of auto-reactive T cells and autoantibody-producing B cells and excessive inflammation are responsible for the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases. The suppression of autoreactive T cell activation and autoantibody production, as well as inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production have been utilized to ameliorate autoimmune disease symptoms. However, the existing treatment strategies are not sufficient to cure autoimmune diseases since patients can quickly suffer a relapse following the end of treatments. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I like receptors (RLRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and various nucleic acid sensors, are expressed in both innate and adaptive immune cells and are involved in the development of autoimmune diseases. Here, we have summarized advances of PRRs signaling pathways, association between PRRs and autoimmune diseases, application of inhibitors targeting PRRs and the corresponding signaling molecules relevant to strategies targeting autoimmune diseases. This review emphasizes the roles of different PRRs in activating both innate and adaptive immunity, which can coordinate to trigger autoimmune responses. The review may also prompt the formulation of novel ideas for developing therapeutic strategies against autoimmune diseases by targeting PRRs-related signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Basic and Translational Research Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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4
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Fu Q, He Q, Dong Q, Xie J, Geng Y, Han H, Huang Y, Lu J, Zeng Z, Wang W, Chen K, Zhan X. The role of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and Interferon-I-inducible protein 16 as candidatebiomarkers of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 524:69-77. [PMID: 34742679 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverse clinical and serological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compromise its diagnosis and treatment. A more reliable biomarker for SLE, which can play a critical role in either diagnosis, monitoring the disease progress or evaluating the response to treatment for individualized therapeutic, is necessary. DNA sensor is an important mediator of inflammation in systemic autoimmune diseases. However, the potential role for DNA sensor as disease activity biomarkers for SLE remained obscure. We detected the aberrant activation of DNA sensors and the corresponding IFN-β response in SLE patients, and to evaluate their potential role as disease biomarkers for SLE. METHODS We quantified the expressions of IFN-I and DNA sensor, such as cGAS, IFI16, DDX41, DAI and their down-stream adaptor STING in PBMC derived from patients with SLE (n = 100), healthy controls (HCs) (n = 62) by real-time PCR. The relationships between the expression of cGAS or IFI16 and clinical features in SLE patients were investigated. ROC curve analysis was performed to examine the predictive value of cGAS and IFI16 in SLE diagnosis, disease activity monitoring, specific organ manifestation and therapeutic response. RNA interference-mediated depletion of IFI16 or cGAS was conducted to evaluate their impact on IFN-I response. RESULTS The expressions of cGAS and IFI16 were significantly higher in PBMC from SLE patients, closely correlated with the SLEDAI scores and high anti-dsDNA antibody titers. While the AUC for cGAS (0.767) was less than that of IFI16 and IFN-β, the AUC for IFI16 (0.856) and IFN-β (0.856) were similar. Expression of cGAS and IFI16 combine with IFN-β in PBMC showed high sensitivity (89.2%) and specificity (89.1%) for discrimination between mild and moderate/severe disease activity in SLE. Higher expression of IFI16 was association with ocular disorder in SLE patients. Neither IFI16 nor cGAS was a reliable indicator of therapeutic response. RNA interference-mediated depletion of IFI16 or cGAS prevented active SLE serum-induced upregulating in both IFN-α and IFN-β. CONCLUSIONS High expression levels of cGAS and IFI16 in PBMC from SLE patients correlated strongly with disease activity. Both cGAS and IFI16 mediated signaling pathway were account for the robust production of IFN-β. Expression of cGAS and IFI16 combined with IFN-β in PBMC might serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring disease activity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuying He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinye Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyun Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhua Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqiang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijie Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Sunwendong Road, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China.
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Progress in Oral Microbiome Related to Oral and Systemic Diseases: An Update. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071283. [PMID: 34359364 PMCID: PMC8306157 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human oral microbiome refers to an ecological community of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is an environment that provides various biological niches, such as the teeth, tongue, and oral mucosa. The oral cavity is the gateway between the external environment and the human body, maintaining oral homeostasis, protecting the mouth, and preventing disease. On the flip side, the oral microbiome also plays an important role in the triggering, development, and progression of oral and systemic diseases. In recent years, disease diagnosis through the analysis of the human oral microbiome has been realized with the recent development of innovative detection technology and is overwhelmingly promising compared to the previous era. It has been found that patients with oral and systemic diseases have variations in their oral microbiome compared to normal subjects. This narrative review provides insight into the pathophysiological role that the oral microbiome plays in influencing oral and systemic diseases and furthers the knowledge related to the oral microbiome produced over the past 30 years. A wide range of updates were provided with the latest knowledge of the oral microbiome to help researchers and clinicians in both academic and clinical aspects. The microbial community information can be utilized in non-invasive diagnosis and can help to develop a new paradigm in precision medicine, which will benefit human health in the era of post-metagenomics.
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Braegelmann C, Fetter T, Niebel D, Dietz L, Bieber T, Wenzel J. Immunostimulatory Endogenous Nucleic Acids Perpetuate Interface Dermatitis-Translation of Pathogenic Fundamentals Into an In Vitro Model. Front Immunol 2021; 11:622511. [PMID: 33505404 PMCID: PMC7831152 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.622511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interface dermatitis is a histopathological pattern mirroring a distinct cytotoxic immune response shared by a number of clinically diverse inflammatory skin diseases amongst which lichen planus and cutaneous lupus erythematosus are considered prototypic. Interface dermatitis is characterized by pronounced cytotoxic immune cell infiltration and necroptotic keratinocytes at the dermoepidermal junction. The initial inflammatory reaction is established by cytotoxic immune cells that express CXC chemokine receptor 3 and lesional keratinocytes that produce corresponding ligands, CXC motif ligands 9/10/11, recruiting the effector cells to the site of inflammation. During the resulting anti-epithelial attack, endogenous immune complexes and nucleic acids are released from perishing keratinocytes, which are then perceived by the innate immune system as danger signals. Keratinocytes express a distinct signature of pattern recognition receptors and binding of endogenous nucleic acid motifs to these receptors results in interferon-mediated immune responses and further enhancement of CXC chemokine receptor 3 ligand production. In this perspective article, we will discuss the role of innate nucleic acid sensing as a common mechanism in the perpetuation of clinically heterogeneous diseases featuring interface dermatitis based on own data and a review of the literature. Furthermore, we will introduce a keratinocyte-specific in vitro model of interface dermatitis as follows: Stimulation of human keratinocytes with endogenous nucleic acids alone and in combination with interferon gamma leads to pronounced production of distinct cytokines, which are essential in the pathogenesis of interface dermatitis. This experimental approach bears the capability to investigate potential therapeutics in this group of diseases with unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Fetter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Niebel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lara Dietz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joerg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a severe, chronic autoimmune disease that affects 1% of the world's population. Familial risk contributes 50% of the risk of seropositive RA, with strongest risks seen in first-degree relatives. Smoking increases the risk of developing anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)+ RA, particularly in individuals with high-risk RA-susceptibility alleles. Other contributory environmental risks including particulate exposure, periodontal disease, bronchiectasis, diet, obesity and the oral contraceptive impact respiratory, oral, intestinal and genital tract mucosal sites. Furthermore, the first signs of autoimmunity may appear at mucosal sites e.g. sputum ACPA-IgA and IgG. While oral and faecal dysbiosis are well described, there is no consistent single bacterial species that appears to drive RA. Animal and human data suggest a model in which multiple environmental influences impact mucosal immune function through the host genetics through enhanced mucosal permeability and the traffic of pro-inflammatory PAMPs and the amplification of autoimmune responses. In some cases, autoimmunity may be driven by cross-reactivity, or mimicry, to pathogen-specific antigens, particularly where the host immune system fails to support their rapid control and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Bergot
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Rabina Giri
- Mater Research Institute-UQ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, 4102, QLD, Australia.
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Li D, Wu R, Guo W, Xie L, Qiao Z, Chen S, Zhu J, Huang C, Huang J, Chen B, Qin Y, Xu F, Ma F. STING-Mediated IFI16 Degradation Negatively Controls Type I Interferon Production. Cell Rep 2019; 29:1249-1260.e4. [PMID: 31665637 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-interferon-inducible protein-16 (IFI16), a key DNA sensor, triggers downstream STING-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production and antiviral immunity. However, it is still unclear how to negatively regulate IFI16 to avoid excessive IFN-I production and autoimmunity. Here, we find that STING directly interacts with IFI16 and facilitates IFI16 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by recruiting the E3 ligase TRIM21. The 1-pyrin region of IFI16 is responsible for the IFI16-STING interaction, and the first three lysines in the N-terminal region of IFI16 are the key sites that lead to STING-mediated IFI16 ubiquitination and degradation. Compared to wild-type IFI16, a higher level of viral DNA triggered IFN-β and antiviral IFN-stimulated gene expression, and thus less HSV-1 infection, was observed in the cells transfected with IFI16-K3/4/6R, an IFI16 mutant that is resistant to degradation. STING-mediated negative feedback regulation of IFI16 restricts IFN-I overproduction during antiviral immunity to avoid autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapei Li
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rongsheng Wu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lifen Xie
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zigang Qiao
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shengchuan Chen
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jingfei Zhu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chaohao Huang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yanghua Qin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Sjögren's Syndrome: Concerted Triggering of Sicca Conditions. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:2075803. [PMID: 30723748 PMCID: PMC6339734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2075803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of persistence of mumps virus and some cells that interact with viral infection in the focus of the autoimmune epithelitis and peripheral blood of Sjögren's syndrome patients in comparison to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and nonautoimmune sicca syndrome (nSS). Materials and Methods 126 patients (119 women and 7 men) were grouped into four groups: (1) patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), (2) patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome due to rheumatoid arthritis (sSS), (3) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and (4) patients with nonautoimmune sicca syndrome (nSS). Immunohistochemical analysis of immune response to the suggested silent persistence of mumps virus in the minor labial salivary gland biopsies and flow cytometric analysis of blood cells was done. Results Immunohistochemical signs of mumps virus persistence were found in the minor salivary glands of all study groups. Also, a significantly different immune response to virus infection (protein IFI16, interferons gamma and beta, dendritic cells, and receptor for natural killers) was revealed in the minor salivary glands of the study groups. Cytometric analysis of the blood cells revealed a dropping amount of circulating natural killers and dendritic cells in patients with SS. Significant correlations between immunohistochemical staining and serological findings were revealed. Conclusions Abundant immunohistochemical signs of mumps virus protein in the salivary glands and depletion of circulating immune cells make a background for thought of presumable mumps or/and other virus participation in epithelial damage causing sicca syndrome in predisposed patients.
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Lupfer CR, Rippee-Brooks MD, Anand PK. Common Differences: The Ability of Inflammasomes to Distinguish Between Self and Pathogen Nucleic Acids During Infection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 344:139-172. [PMID: 30798987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system detects the presence of pathogens based on detection of non-self. In other words, most pathogens possess intrinsic differences that can distinguish them from host cells. For example, bacteria and fungi have cell walls comprised of peptidoglycan and carbohydrates (like mannans), respectively. Germline encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and C-type lectin receptor (CLR) family have the ability to detect such unique pathogen associated features. However, some TLRs and members of the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR), NOD-like receptor (NLR), or AIM2-like receptor (ALR) family can sense pathogen invasion based on pathogen nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are not unique to pathogens, thus raising the question of how such PRRs evolved to detect pathogens but not self. In this chapter, we will examine the PRRs that sense pathogen nucleic acids and subsequently activate the inflammasome signaling pathway. We will examine the selective mechanisms by which these receptors distinguish pathogens from "self" and discuss the importance of such pathways in disease development in animal models and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Lupfer
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, United States.
| | | | - Paras K Anand
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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11
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Khan S, Godfrey V, Zaki MH. Cytosolic Nucleic Acid Sensors in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 344:215-253. [PMID: 30798989 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity employs germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to sense microbial pattern molecules. Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by various PPRs located on the cell membrane or in the cytosol leads to the activation of cell signaling pathways and production of inflammatory mediators. Nucleic acids including DNA, RNA, and their derivatives are potent PAMPs which can be recognized by multiple PRRs to induce inflammatory responses. While nucleic acid sensors can also sense endogenous nucleic acids, they are capable of discriminating self from non-self. However, defects in nucleic acid sensing PRRs or dysregulation of nucleic acid sensing signaling pathways may cause excessive activation of the immune system resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review will discuss the major pathways for sensing intracellular nucleic acids and how defects in these nucleic acid sensing are associated with different kinds of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahanshah Khan
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Victoria Godfrey
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Md Hasan Zaki
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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Wang PH, Ye ZW, Deng JJ, Siu KL, Gao WW, Chaudhary V, Cheng Y, Fung SY, Yuen KS, Ho TH, Chan CP, Zhang Y, Kok KH, Yang W, Chan CP, Jin DY. Inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome activation by a novel transcript isoform of IFI16. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201845737. [PMID: 30104205 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201845737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse p202 is a disease locus for lupus and a dominant-negative inhibitor of AIM2 inflammasome activation. A human homolog of p202 has not been identified so far. Here, we report a novel transcript isoform of human IFI16-designated IFI16-β, which has a domain architecture similar to that of mouse p202. Like p202, IFI16-β contains two HIN domains, but lacks the pyrin domain. IFI16-β is ubiquitously expressed in various human tissues and cells. Its mRNA levels are also elevated in leukocytes of patients with lupus, virus-infected cells, and cells treated with interferon-β or phorbol ester. IFI16-β co-localizes with AIM2 in the cytoplasm, whereas IFI16-α is predominantly found in the nucleus. IFI16-β interacts with AIM2 to impede the formation of a functional AIM2-ASC complex. In addition, IFI16-β sequesters cytoplasmic dsDNA and renders it unavailable for AIM2 sensing. Enforced expression of IFI16-β inhibits the activation of AIM2 inflammasome, whereas knockdown of IFI16-β augments interleukin-1β secretion triggered by dsDNA but not dsRNA Thus, cytoplasm-localized IFI16-β is functionally equivalent to mouse p202 that exerts an inhibitory effect on AIM2 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hui Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Zi-Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Jun Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kam-Leung Siu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wei-Wei Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Vidyanath Chaudhary
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yun Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sin-Yee Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kit-San Yuen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ting-Hin Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ching-Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wanling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Li R, Tian C, Postlethwaite A, Jiao Y, Garcia-Godoy F, Pattanaik D, Wei D, Gu W, Li J. Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease: What are the similarities and differences? Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 20:1887-1901. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Li
- Center of Integrative Research; The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City; Qiqihaer Heilongjiang China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Cheng Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Arnold Postlethwaite
- Division of Connective Tissue Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Franklin Garcia-Godoy
- Bioscience Research Center; College of Dentistry; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Debendra Pattanaik
- Division of Connective Tissue Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Center of Integrative Research; The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City; Qiqihaer Heilongjiang China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Jianwei Li
- Center of Integrative Research; The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City; Qiqihaer Heilongjiang China
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Regulatory Interaction between the Cellular Restriction Factor IFI16 and Viral pp65 (pUL83) Modulates Viral Gene Expression and IFI16 Protein Stability. J Virol 2016; 90:8238-50. [PMID: 27384655 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00923-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A key player in the intrinsic resistance against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the interferon-γ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16), which behaves as a viral DNA sensor in the first hours postinfection and as a repressor of viral gene transcription in the later stages. Previous studies on HCMV replication demonstrated that IFI16 binds to the viral protein kinase pUL97, undergoes phosphorylation, and relocalizes to the cytoplasm of infected cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the tegument protein pp65 (pUL83) recruits IFI16 to the promoter of the UL54 gene and downregulates viral replication, as shown by use of the HCMV mutant v65Stop, which lacks pp65 expression. Interestingly, at late time points of HCMV infection, IFI16 is stabilized by its interaction with pp65, which stood in contrast to IFI16 degradation, observed in herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-infected cells. Moreover, we found that its translocation to the cytoplasm, in addition to pUL97, strictly depends on pp65, as demonstrated with the HCMV mutant RV-VM1, which expresses a form of pp65 unable to translocate into the cytoplasm. Thus, these data reveal a dual role for pp65: during early infection, it modulates IFI16 activity at the promoter of immediate-early and early genes; subsequently, it delocalizes IFI16 from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, thereby stabilizing and protecting it from degradation. Overall, these data identify a novel activity of the pp65/IFI16 interactome involved in the regulation of UL54 gene expression and IFI16 stability during early and late phases of HCMV replication. IMPORTANCE The DNA sensor IFI16, a member of the PYHIN proteins, restricts HCMV replication by impairing viral DNA synthesis. Using a mutant virus lacking the tegument protein pp65 (v65Stop), we demonstrate that pp65 recruits IFI16 to the early UL54 gene promoter. As a putative counteraction to its restriction activity, pp65 supports the nucleocytoplasmic export of IFI16, which was demonstrated with the viral mutant RV-VM1 expressing a nuclearly retained pp65. These data reveal a dual role of pp65 in IFI16 regulation: in the early phase of HCMV infection, it contributes to viral evasion from IFI16 restriction activity, while at later time points, it promotes the nuclear delocalization of IFI16, thereby stabilizing and protecting it from degradation. In the present work, we further clarify the mechanisms HCMV relies on to overcome intracellular innate immune restriction and provide new insights into the relevance of DNA-sensing restriction factor IFI16 during HCMV infection.
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Landolfo S, De Andrea M, Dell’Oste V, Gugliesi F. Intrinsic host restriction factors of human cytomegalovirus replication and mechanisms of viral escape. World J Virol 2016; 5:87-96. [PMID: 27563536 PMCID: PMC4981826 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v5.i3.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Before a pathogen even enters a cell, intrinsic immune defenses are active. This first-line defense is mediated by a variety of constitutively expressed cell proteins collectively termed “restriction factors” (RFs), and they form a vital element of the immune response to virus infections. Over time, however, viruses have evolved in a variety ways so that they are able to overcome these RF defenses via mechanisms that are specific for each virus. This review provides a summary of the universal characteristics of RFs, and goes on to focus on the strategies employed by some of the most important RFs in their attempt to control human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. This is followed by a discussion of the counter-restriction mechanisms evolved by viruses to circumvent the host cell’s intrinsic immune defenses. RFs include nuclear proteins IFN-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16) (a Pyrin/HIN domain protein), Sp100, promyelocytic leukemia, and hDaxx; the latter three being the keys elements of nuclear domain 10 (ND10). IFI16 inhibits the synthesis of virus DNA by down-regulating UL54 transcription - a gene encoding a CMV DNA polymerase; in response, the virus antagonizes IFI16 via a process involving viral proteins UL97 and pp65 (pUL83), which results in the mislocalizing of IFI16 into the cytoplasm. In contrast, viral regulatory proteins, including pp71 and IE1, seek to modify or disrupt the ND10 proteins and thus block or reverse their inhibitory effects upon virus replication. All in all, detailed knowledge of these HCMV counter-restriction mechanisms will be fundamental for the future development of new strategies for combating HCMV infection and for identifying novel therapeutic agents.
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Terenzi R, Gariglio M, Bartoloni E, Manzo A, Landolfo S, Gerli R. Circulating Interferon-Inducible Protein IFI16 Correlates With Clinical and Serological Features in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016; 68:440-5. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Manzo
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation/University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Carubbi F, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Bartoloni E, Giacomelli R, Gariglio M, Landolfo S, Gerli R. Interferon gamma-inducible protein 16 in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a novel player in disease pathogenesis? Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:208. [PMID: 26271464 PMCID: PMC4536589 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is evidence that interferon is involved in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). The interferon-inducible IFI16 protein, normally expressed in cell nuclei, may be overexpressed, mislocalized in the cytoplasm and secreted in the extracellular milieu in several autoimmune disorders. This leads to tolerance breaking to this self-protein with consequent development of anti-IFI16 antibodies. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogenic and clinical significance of IFI16 and anti-IFI16 in pSS. Methods IFI16 and anti-IFI16 were assessed in the serum of 67 pSS patients and over 100 healthy donors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IFI16 was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry in minor salivary glands of 15 pSS patients and 10 subjects with sicca symptoms but without any clinical, serological or histological features of pSS. Results pSS patients display higher serum levels of both IFI16 and anti-IFI16 compared to healthy donors. IFI16 concentration was directly correlated with disease duration and focus score and inversely correlated with age at diagnosis. Moreover, IFI16 positivity was associated with concurrent positivity for rheumatoid factor. Interestingly, the direct correlation between IFI16 positivity and focus score was independent of disease duration and age at diagnosis. pSS minor salivary glands display marked expression and cytoplasmic mislocalization of IFI16 by acinar and ductal epithelial cells as well as infiltrating lymphocytes and peri/intralesional endothelium compared to minor salivary glands with normal architecture or nonspecific chronic sialadenitis. Within the mononuclear cell infiltrate, IFI16 expression appears to parallel the distribution of T lymphocytes. Conclusion Our data suggest that the IFI16 protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of glandular inflammation occurring in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Alunno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.
| | - Francesco Carubbi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sara Caterbi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Elena Bartoloni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberto Gerli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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