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Barut GT, Lischer HEL, Bruggmann R, Summerfield A, Talker SC. Transcriptomic profiling of bovine blood dendritic cells and monocytes following TLR stimulation. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1691-1711. [PMID: 32592404 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes are vital for the initiation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, we identified bona fide DC subsets in blood of cattle, revealing subset- and species-specific transcription of toll-like receptors (TLR). In the present study, we analyzed phenotypic and transcriptional responses of bovine DC subsets and monocytes to in vitro stimulation with four to six different TLR ligands. Bovine DC subsets, especially plasmacytoid DC (pDC), showed a clear increase of CCR7, CD25, CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC-II expression both on mRNA and protein level. Flow cytometric detection of p38 MAPK phosphorylation 15 min after stimulation confirmed activation of DC subsets and monocytes in accordance with TLR gene expression. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of sorted and TLR-stimulated subsets revealed potential ligand- and subset-specific regulation of genes associated with inflammation, T-cell co-stimulation, migration, metabolic reprogramming, and antiviral activity. Gardiquimod was found to evoke strong responses both in DC subsets and monocytes, while Poly(I:C) and CpG preferentially triggered responses in cDC1 and pDC, respectively. This in-depth analysis of ligand responsiveness is essential for the rational design of vaccine adjuvants in cattle, and provides a solid basis for comparative studies on DC and monocyte biology across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tuba Barut
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern & Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heidi E L Lischer
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Artur Summerfield
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern & Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie C Talker
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern & Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Hussen J, Shawaf T, Al-Mubarak AIA, Al Humam NA, Almathen F, Schuberth HJ. Dromedary camel CD14 high MHCII high monocytes display inflammatory properties and are reduced in newborn camel calves. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:62. [PMID: 32070351 PMCID: PMC7027094 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In human and different animal species, blood monocytes are classified based on their expression pattern of different monocytic markers into phenotypically and functionally different subsets. In the current study, we used flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies to CD172a, CD14, CD163 and MHCII to identify monocyte subsets in peripheral blood of dromedary camels. Results Based on CD14, CD163 and MHCII expression, camel CD172a + monocytes were divided into three subsets: The major subpopulation of camel monocytes (mo-I) showed high expression of CD14 and CD163, but low expression of MHCII. A second subset of monocytes (mo-II) expressed highly all three markers, CD14, CD163 and MHCII. A third monocyte subset (mo-III) displayed low expression of CD14 and CD163 with high MHCII expression. While the two MHCIIhigh subsets (mo-II and mo-III) showed higher expression of CD11a in comparison to the MHCIIlow subset (mo-I), CD18 and CD11b were highest expressed on the two CD14high subsets (mo-I and mo-II). Bacterial stimulation of camel leukocytes identified mo-II cells as an antimicrobial monocyte subset with the highest phagocytic and ROS production capacity. The comparison of monocyte counts and phenotype between newborn calves and adult camels revealed significantly reduced numbers of mo-II cells in newborn animals. Monocytes of newborns expressed significantly more CD172a and CD163 molecules but less CD14 and MHCII molecules than monocytes of adult camels. Conclusions Camel monocyte subsets, mo-I, mo-II and mo-III are counterparts of bovine classical, intermediate and non-classical monocytes respectively. The distribution of camel monocyte subsets is influenced by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Hussen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Turke Shawaf
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah I A Al-Mubarak
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser Abdallah Al Humam
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Almathen
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Husbandry, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,The Camel Research Center, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hans-Joachim Schuberth
- Immunology Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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3
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Talker SC, Baumann A, Barut GT, Keller I, Bruggmann R, Summerfield A. Precise Delineation and Transcriptional Characterization of Bovine Blood Dendritic-Cell and Monocyte Subsets. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2505. [PMID: 30425716 PMCID: PMC6218925 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A clear-cut delineation of bovine bona fide dendritic cells (DC) from monocytes has proved challenging, given the high phenotypic and functional plasticity of these innate immune cells and the marked phenotypic differences between species. Here, we demonstrate that, based on expression of Flt3, CD172a, CD13, and CD4, a precise identification of bovine blood conventional DC type 1 and 2 (cDC1, cDC2), plasmacytoid DC (pDC), and monocytes is possible with cDC1 being Flt3+CD172adimCD13+CD4−, cDC2 being Flt3+CD172a+CD13−CD4−, pDC being Flt3+CD172adimCD13−CD4+, and monocytes being Flt3−CD172ahighCD13−CD4−. The phenotype of these subsets was characterized in further detail, and a subset-specific differential expression of CD2, CD5, CD11b, CD11c, CD14, CD16, CD26, CD62L, CD71, CD163, and CD205 was found. Subset identity was confirmed by transcriptomic analysis and subset-specific transcription of conserved key genes. We also sorted monocyte subsets based on their differential expression of CD14 and CD16. Classical monocytes (CD14+CD16−) clustered clearly apart from the two CD16+ monocyte subsets probably representing intermediate and non-classical monocytes described in human. The transcriptomic data also revealed differential gene transcription for molecules involved in antigen presentation, pathogen sensing, and migration, and therefore gives insights into functional differences between bovine DC and monocyte subsets. The identification of cell-type- and subset-specific gene transcription will assist in the quest for “marker molecules” that—when targeted by flow cytometry—will greatly facilitate research on bovine DC and monocytes. Overall, species comparisons will elucidate basic principles of DC and monocyte biology and will help to translate experimental findings from one species to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Talker
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Baumann
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Tuba Barut
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Artur Summerfield
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Zhuang T, Urakawa M, Sato H, Sato Y, Taguchi T, Umino T, Katto S, Tanaka K, Yoshimura K, Takada N, Kobayashi H, Ito M, Rose MT, Kiku Y, Nagasawa Y, Kitazawa H, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Hayashi T, Aso H. Phenotypic and functional analysis of bovine peripheral blood dendritic cells before parturition by a novel purification method. Anim Sci J 2018; 89:1011-1019. [PMID: 29708291 PMCID: PMC6055732 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen presenting cells specializing in antigen uptake and processing, and play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune response. A subset of bovine peripheral blood DCs was identified as CD172a+/CD11c+/MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II+ cells. Although DCs are identified at 0.1%–0.7% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the phenotype and function of DCs remain poorly understood with regard to maintaining tolerance during the pregnancy. All cattle used in this study were 1 month before parturition. We have established a novel method for the purification of DCs from PBMC using magnetic‐activated cell sorting, and purified the CD172a+/CD11c+DCs, with high expression of MHC class II and CD40, at 84.8% purity. There were individual differences in the expressions of CD205 and co‐stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on DCs. There were positive correlations between expression of cytokine and co‐stimulatory molecules in DCs, and the DCs maintained their immune tolerance, evidenced by their low expressions of the co‐stimulatory molecules and cytokine production. These results suggest that before parturition a half of DCs may be immature and tend to maintain tolerance based on the low cytokine production, and the other DCs with high co‐stimulatory molecules may already have the ability of modulating the T‐cell linage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuang
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Megumi Urakawa
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sato
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Iwadeyama, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuko Sato
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Iwadeyama, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Teruaki Taguchi
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Umino
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shiro Katto
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koutaro Tanaka
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kozue Yoshimura
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naokazu Takada
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Iwadeyama, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kobayashi
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Iwadeyama, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Megumi Ito
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Iwadeyama, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Michael T Rose
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Cardiganshire, UK
| | - Yoshio Kiku
- Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuya Nagasawa
- Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hayashi
- Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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5
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Park KT, Burnett S, Davis WC. Development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for bovine CD209. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 163:216-20. [PMID: 25593043 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in tailoring the immune response to pathogens. Effector activity is mediated through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS). C-type lectin receptors (CLR) comprise a group of PRRs that recognize a broad range of pathogens. CD209 (DC-specific ICAM3-grabbing non-integrin, DC-SIGN) is a CLR expressed on DC that plays a critical role on DC function and pathogen recognition. It facilitates DC migration to peripheral tissues and local lymph nodes and mediates T cell activation by binding ICAM-2 (CD102) and ICAM-3 (CD50). The absence of monoclonal antibody (mAb) to bovine CD209 has limited the ability to characterize the phenotype and function of DC in cattle. To address this issue we developed and used a mAb to CD209 to characterize the phenotype of CD209 expressing cells in bovine blood using flow cytometry. Initial analysis has revealed the CD209 positive population in blood is comprised of multiple phenotypically defined subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Taek Park
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040, United States
| | - Spencer Burnett
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040, United States
| | - William C Davis
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040, United States.
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6
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Sei JJ, Ochoa AS, Bishop E, Barlow JW, Golde WT. Phenotypic, ultra-structural, and functional characterization of bovine peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109273. [PMID: 25295753 PMCID: PMC4190170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are multi-functional cells that bridge the gap between innate and adaptive immune systems. In bovine, significant information is lacking on the precise identity and role of peripheral blood DC subsets. In this study, we identify and characterize bovine peripheral blood DC subsets directly ex vivo, without further in vitro manipulation. Multi-color flow cytometric analysis revealed that three DC subsets could be identified. Bovine plasmacytoid DC were phenotypically identified by a unique pattern of cell surface protein expression including CD4, exhibited an extensive endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, efficiently internalized and degraded exogenous antigen, and were the only peripheral blood cells specialized in the production of type I IFN following activation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. Conventional DC were identified by expression of a different pattern of cell surface proteins including CD11c, MHC class II, and CD80, among others, the display of extensive dendritic protrusions on their plasma membrane, expression of very high levels of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, efficient internalization and degradation of exogenous antigen, and ready production of detectable levels of TNF-alpha in response to TLR activation. Our investigations also revealed a third novel DC subset that may be a precursor of conventional DC that were MHC class II+ and CD11c−. These cells exhibited a smooth plasma membrane with a rounded nucleus, produced TNF-alpha in response to TLR-activation (albeit lower than CD11c+ DC), and were the least efficient in internalization/degradation of exogenous antigen. These studies define three bovine blood DC subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics which can be analyzed during immune responses to pathogens and vaccinations of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet J. Sei
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, New York, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Amanda S. Ochoa
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Bishop
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, New York, United States of America
| | - John W. Barlow
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - William T. Golde
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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González-Cano P, Arsic N, Popowych YI, Griebel PJ. Two functionally distinct myeloid dendritic cell subpopulations are present in bovine blood. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 44:378-388. [PMID: 24502939 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Immature myeloid (m)DCs circulating in the blood of cattle have been defined as lineage negative (Lin(-))MHCII(+)CD11c(+)CD205(+) cells. Lin(-)MHCII(+)CD11c(+)CD205(+) mDCs (0.2% blood mononuclear cells) isolated from bovine blood were heterogeneous in cell size and CD205 expression. Using highspeed cell sorting, Lin(-)MHCII(+)CD11c(+)CD205(+) DCs were sorted into CD205(Hi) and CD205(Lo) subpopulations which were phenotypically distinct and differed significantly (P<0.01) in TLR gene expression. CD205(Hi) and CD205(Lo) mDCs were more efficient in macropinocytosis than monocytes and expressed no or little detectable non-specific esterase activity. CD205(Lo) mDCs efficiently activated purified allogeneic T cells and the addition of TLR agonists did not significantly alter this antigen presentation capacity. T cell activation by CD205(Lo) mDCs was associated with differential up-regulation of CD40, CD80, CD86 and TGFβ1 gene expression when compared to CD205(Hi) mDCs. In conclusion, two phenotypically and functionally distinct CD11c(+)CD205(+) mDCs were isolated from blood that had an equal capacity to acquire antigen but markedly different capacities to activate T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia González-Cano
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center, 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Natasa Arsic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center, 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Yurij I Popowych
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center, 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Philip J Griebel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center, 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
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8
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Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of bovine blood monocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71502. [PMID: 23967219 PMCID: PMC3743816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine and human peripheral blood monocytes are heterogeneous in size, granularity, nuclear morphology, phenotype and function. Whether and how bovine blood monocytes follow this pattern was analyzed in this study. Flow cytometrically, classical monocytes (cM) CD14+ CD16−, intermediate monocytes (intM) CD14+ CD16+ and nonclassical monocytes (ncM) CD14+ CD16+ were identified, with cM being the predominant subset (89%). cM showed a significant lower expression of CD172a, intM expressed the highest level of MHC class II molecules, and ncM were low positive for CD163. Compared to cM and intM, ncM showed a significantly reduced phagocytosis capacity, a significantly reduced generation of reactive oxygen species, and reduced mRNA expression of CXCL8, CXCL1 and IL-1β after LPS stimulation. Based on IL-1β secretion after LPS/ATP stimulation, the inflammasome could be activated in cM and intM, but not in ncM. IFNγ increased the expression of CD16 selectively on cM and induced a shift from cM into intM in vitro. In summary, bovine CD172a-positive mononuclear cells define three monocyte subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional differences. Bovine cM and intM share homologies with their human counterparts, whereas bovine ncM are not inflammatory monocytes.
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9
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Ruscanu S, Pascale F, Bourge M, Hemati B, Elhmouzi-Younes J, Urien C, Bonneau M, Takamatsu H, Hope J, Mertens P, Meyer G, Stewart M, Roy P, Meurs EF, Dabo S, Zientara S, Breard E, Sailleau C, Chauveau E, Vitour D, Charley B, Schwartz-Cornil I. The double-stranded RNA bluetongue virus induces type I interferon in plasmacytoid dendritic cells via a MYD88-dependent TLR7/8-independent signaling pathway. J Virol 2012; 86:5817-28. [PMID: 22438548 PMCID: PMC3347300 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06716-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), especially plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) upon infection with DNA or RNA viruses, which has impacts on the physiopathology of the viral infections and on the quality of the adaptive immunity. However, little is known about the IFN-α/β production by DCs during infections by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses. We present here novel information about the production of IFN-α/β induced by bluetongue virus (BTV), a vector-borne dsRNA Orbivirus of ruminants, in sheep primary DCs. We found that BTV induced IFN-α/β in skin lymph and in blood in vivo. Although BTV replicated in a substantial fraction of the conventional DCs (cDCs) and pDCs in vitro, only pDCs responded to BTV by producing a significant amount of IFN-α/β. BTV replication in pDCs was not mandatory for IFN-α/β production since it was still induced by UV-inactivated BTV (UV-BTV). Other inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-12p40, were also induced by UV-BTV in primary pDCs. The induction of IFN-α/β required endo-/lysosomal acidification and maturation. However, despite being an RNA virus, UV-BTV did not signal through Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) for IFN-α/β induction. In contrast, pathways involving the MyD88 adaptor and kinases dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) were implicated. This work highlights the importance of pDCs for the production of innate immunity cytokines induced by a dsRNA virus, and it shows that a dsRNA virus can induce IFN-α/β in pDCs via a novel TLR-independent and Myd88-dependent pathway. These findings have implications for the design of efficient vaccines against dsRNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Ruscanu
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florentina Pascale
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Centre de Recherche en Imagerie Interventionnelle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mickael Bourge
- IFR87 La Plante et son Environnement, IMAGIF CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Behzad Hemati
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Céline Urien
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Michel Bonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Imagerie Interventionnelle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Haru Takamatsu
- Vector Bourne Viral Disease Programme, Institute for Animal Health, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Hope
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Mertens
- Vector Bourne Viral Disease Programme, Institute for Animal Health, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Gilles Meyer
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, INRA UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France
| | - Meredith Stewart
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Polly Roy
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eliane F. Meurs
- Institut Pasteur, Hepacivirus and Innate Immunity, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Dabo
- Institut Pasteur, Hepacivirus and Innate Immunity, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Charley
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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