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Hsu JCK, Huang HT, Lin HJ, Chou HY, Huang PY, Prachumwat A, Chen LL. Applying Modified VP53A Recombinant Protein as an Anti-White Spot Syndrome Virus Biological Agent in Litopenaeus vannamei Farming. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071353. [PMID: 35891334 PMCID: PMC9324474 DOI: 10.3390/v14071353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Shrimp farming is an important economic activity. However, due to the spread of pathogens, shrimp aquaculture is becoming increasingly difficult. Many studies have confirmed that white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) recombinant proteins can inhibit viral infection. Among them, VP53 recombinant protein has been found to reduce mortality upon WSSV challenge. This study was conducted in Kaohsiung, Taiwan and reports the first field feeding trial to demonstrate that WSSV recombinant proteins can improve shrimp survival rates at a farming scale. Prior to the feeding trial, the shrimp were confirmed to be slightly infected with WSSV, Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), non-AHPND V. parahaemolyticus strains, and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), which are common pathogens that shrimp farmers often face. The shrimp were then divided into two groups: a control group (C group) fed with a commercial diet and a protein group (P group) fed with the same commercial feed with VP53 recombinant protein. Our findings indicated that the survival rate and expression of immune genes of the P group were higher than those of the C group. The intestinal microbiota of the two groups were also analysed. Collectively, our results confirmed that the recombinant WSSV envelope protein derivative can be used as an effective anti-virus biological agent in shrimp farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Chia-Kai Hsu
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Innocreate Bioscience Co., Ltd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23557, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ting Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Han-Jia Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Hsin-Yiu Chou
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan;
| | - Anuphap Prachumwat
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.-L.C.)
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.-L.C.)
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2
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Wang P, Liu H, Zhao S, Yu S, Xie S, Hua S, Yan B, Xing C, Gao H. Hypoxia stress affects the physiological responses, apoptosis and innate immunity of Kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:206-214. [PMID: 35158069 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For commercial aquatic animals, hypoxia phenomenon often occurs in live transport and aquaculture. In previous studies, much interest has been focused on antioxidant enzyme activities and could not present the complexities. The multifaceted responses, especially considering physiological indexes, histological structure, cell apoptosis, and immune pathways, are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the comprehensive hypoxic responses of Marsupenaeus japonicus. The results showed that the physiological indexes showed time-dependent changes upon hypoxia stress. Hypoxia stress led to significant tissue damage and cell apoptosis in the gill and hepatopancreas. Compared with the control group, the apoptosis index (AI) of the 12 h hypoxic treatment increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the gills and hepatopancreas. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified 900 and 1400 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the gill and hepatopancreas, respectively. Several DEGs were related to the lysosome, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle, and apoptosis, and seven of them were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. This study provided valuable clues to understanding the mechanisms underlying the hypoxic responses of M. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Infrastructure for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, China
| | - Sizhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shihao Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shumin Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Songsong Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Binlun Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Infrastructure for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chaofan Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Infrastructure for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Huan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Infrastructure for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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3
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Recent insights into hematopoiesis in crustaceans. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 2:100040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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4
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Wang Z, Fan L, Wang J, Zhou J, Ye Q, Zhang L, Xu G, Zou J. Impacts of microplastics on three different juvenile shrimps: Investigating the organism response distinction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:110466. [PMID: 33189744 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microplastics (MPs) on aquaculture animals have raised increasing concern, but studies on MPs contamination in cultured shrimp are still limited. Therefore, the responses of three widely farmed shrimp species to MPs, including Penaeus monodon (P. monodon), Marsupenaeus japonicas (M. japonicus) and Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei), were investigated in this study. The results showed that the mortality of P. monodon, M. japonicus and L. vannamei were 47%, 53% and 20% respectively after 48 h of 300 mg/L MPs exposure. After 48 h of 100 mg/L MPs exposure, for P. monodon, the MPs content in water and excreta were significantly different from that in M. japonicus and L. vannamei. For genes expressions, the expression of catalase (Cat) was significantly increased and the expression of apoptosis protein (IAP) was inhibited in these three shrimps, but only the expression of Lysozyme (Lys) was increased in L. vannamei after MPs exposure. After 48 h of depuration, the Cat and IAP expression of P. monodon and M. japonicus was significant decreased while the IAP and Lys expression of L. vannamei still maintained at a high level. The results suggested that the metabolic rate of MPs in P. monodon was significantly higher than that in M. japonicus and L. vannamei. The tolerance of L. vannamei to MPs was higher than that of P. monodon and M. japonicas and their different responses in anti-microbial gene might be one of the reasons for the difference of their mortality. This study provides the first report comparing the organism response distinction in cultured shrimp and enriching to the understanding of the impact of MPs on ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlu Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lanfen Fan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiao Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516007, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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5
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Qu C, Sun J, Xu Q, Lv X, Yang W, Wang F, Wang Y, Yi Q, Jia Z, Wang L, Song L. An inhibitor of apoptosis protein (EsIAP1) from Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis regulates apoptosis through inhibiting the activity of EsCaspase-3/7-1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20421. [PMID: 31892728 PMCID: PMC6938513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) maintain the balance between cell proliferation and cell death by inhibiting caspase activities and mediating immune responses. In the present study, a homolog of IAP (designated as EsIAP1) was identified from Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. EsIAP1 consisted of 451 amino acids containing two baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domains with the conserved Cx2 Cx6 Wx3 Dx5 Hx6 C motifs. EsIAP1 mRNA was expressed in various tissues and its expression level in hemocytes increased significantly (p < 0.01) at 12–48 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. In the hemocytes, EsIAP1 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. The hydrolytic activity of recombinant EsCaspase-3/7-1 against the substrate Ac-DEVD-pNA decreased after incubation with rEsIAP1. Moreover, rEsIAP1 could directly combine with rEsCaspase-3/7-1 in vitro. After EsIAP1 was interfered by dsRNA, the mRNA expression and the hydrolytic activity of EsCaspase-3/7-1 increased significantly, which was 2.26-fold (p < 0.05) and 1.71-fold (p < 0.05) compared to that in the dsGFP group, respectively. These results collectively demonstrated that EsIAP1 might play an important role in apoptosis pathway by regulating the activity of EsCaspase-3/7-1 in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qingsong Xu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhihao Jia
- Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China. .,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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6
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Duan Y, Wang Y, Xiong D, Zhang J. RNA-seq revealed the signatures of immunity and metabolism in the Litopenaeus vannamei intestine in response to dietary succinate. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:16-24. [PMID: 31585243 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is important for nutrition, metabolism and immunity. Succinate (SA) plays a vital role in the physiological homeostasis of animal intestines. However, the effects of dietary SA on the intestinal immunity and metabolism in shrimp are not clear. In this study, we investigated the immune and metabolic responses in the intestine of Litopenaeus vannamei that were fed diets consisting of different levels of SA: 0 g/kg (Con) and 10 g/kg (SA) for 56 days. The results from a RNA-seq analysis identified 6005 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2728 upregulated genes and 3277 downregulated genes, which were grouped into 312 pathways. The DEGs were most enriched in pathways related to protein synthesis and amino acid metabolism, including "ribosome", "aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis", "pyrimidine metabolism", and "arginine and proline metabolism"; additionally, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism pathways were also activated. A large number of immune-related genes were associated with mucus barrier modification, antimicrobial activity, pathogen attachment and recognition, antioxidant activity, and apoptosis. The expression patterns of several candidate genes involved in the immune response and nutrition metabolism were detected by qPCR. This study provides insight into the transcriptomic modulating mechanisms associated with intestinal immunity and the metabolism of L. vannamei in response to the intake of dietary SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Dalin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Jiasong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China; College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, PR China.
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7
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Tang X, Cui C, Liang Q, Sheng X, Xing J, Zhan W. Apoptosis of hemocytes is associated with the infection process of white spot syndrome virus in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:907-915. [PMID: 31604147 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) could induce hemocytes apoptosis in shrimps, however the inter-relationship between apoptotic process and the WSSV infection status is still currently underexplored. In the present work, the apoptosis and the viral proliferation in hemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei were simultaneously investigated post WSSV infection by two-color immunofluorescence flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR. The apoptotic hemocytes of WSSV-infected shrimp was significantly increased at 12 h post infection (hpi), whereas underwent a slight decline at 24 hpi subsequently. Since 24 hpi, the apoptotic rate of hemocytes in the WSSV-infected shrimp exhibited a rapid and significant increase, and reached the peak level at 48 hpi with the ratio of 18.1 ± 2.0%. Meanwhile, the percentage of WSSV-infected hemocytes and WSSV copies in hemocytes significantly increased at 24 hpi and maintained at a high level afterwards. With the rapid increase of hemocytes apoptosis, hemocyte density in hemolymph decreased dramatically to less than 20% of the mean value of control. Co-localization assay showed that the apoptotic WSSV-infected hemocytes occupied the dominant proportion of total apoptotic hemocytes, which reached the peak at 48 hpi with 12.6 ± 1.5%. The expression profiles of seven pro-apoptotic genes and two apoptosis-inhibiting genes showed significant differential responses at different stages of WSSV infection, reflecting the interplay between the virus and the host immune response. Our results demonstrated that the apoptotic response of shrimp hemocytes could be significantly influenced by the WSSV infection process, which might provide an insight into deeper relationships between viral infection and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chuang Cui
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qianrong Liang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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8
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Xu YR, Yang WX. Roles of three Es-Caspases during spermatogenesis and Cadmium-induced apoptosis in Eriocheir sinensis. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:1146-1165. [PMID: 29851651 PMCID: PMC5990378 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Functions of Caspases remain obscure in Crustacea. We studied the existence and participations of apoptosis-related factors in Eriocheir sinensis testis. Three Es-Caspases (Es-Caspase 3/ 7/ 8) in E. sinensis were cloned and characterized. We observed that three es-caspases mRNA had specific expression patterns during spermiogenesis, with weak signal around the nucleus and invaginated acrosomal vesicle in early-stage spermatids, became stronger in middle-stage, finally focused on the acrosomal tube and nucleus in mature sperm. We then investigated the immunostaining intensity and positional alterations of Es-Caspase 3, Es-Caspase 8 and p53 during spermatogenesis, which were correlated with the differential tendencies of cells to undergo apoptosis and specific organelles shaping processes. After apoptotic induction by Cadmium, Es-Caspase 8 increased gradually, while Es-Caspase 3 increased firstly and then decreased, Es-p53 initially decreased and then increased. These results implies that Es-Caspase 3/ Es-Caspase 8/ p53 may play roles in Cadmium-induced apoptosis during spermatogenesis, and Caspase 8-Caspase 3-p53 pathway may interact with extrinsic or intrinsic pathways to regulate the destiny of sperm cells. Our study revealed the indispensable roles of Caspases during spermatogenesis and the possible molecular interactions in response to the Cadmium-induced apoptosis in E. sinensis, which filled the gap of apoptotic mechanisms of crustacean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Xu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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9
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Duan Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhang J, Xiong D. Changes in the intestine barrier function of Litopenaeus vannamei in response to pH stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:142-149. [PMID: 30807860 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
pH of water environment affects the survival of aquatic animals. Intestine barrier function influences the health of animals, which is related to its mucosa structure, immune components, and microbial communities. In this study, we investigated the histological structure, digestive and metabolic capacity, immune responses, and microbial composition in the intestine of Litopenaeus vanmei under three different conditions: control (pH 8.3), low pH stress (pH 6.9), and high pH stress (pH 9.7) for 72 h. The results showed both low and high pH stress disrupted the intestine morphological structure, and induced variations in the activities of digestive (AMS, LPS, Tryp, and Pep) and metabolic (HK, PK, CCO, and LDH) enzymes. Low and high pH stress also increased oxidative stress (MDA, LPO, PC, and ·O2- generation), and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities (T-AOC, SOD, and GST); shrimp enhanced CAT activity and HSP70, Trx, MT and Fer gene transcripts as defense mechanism. Additionally, Immune confusion was also found in the shrimp intestine in response to low and high pH stress, including the antibacterial ability (T-NOS, PO, proPO, ALF, and Lys), pathogen recognition (TLR and Lec), apoptosis (Casp, IAP and p53), and mucus homeostasis (Muc-1, Muc-2, Muc-5AC, Muc-5B, and Muc-19). pH exposure also decreased the diversity of the intestine bacterial, disturbed the composition of microbiota, and decreased the microbial metabolite SCFA contents. Our results indicated that acute pH stress can impair the intestine barrier function of white shrimp, probably via destroying mucosa structure, confusing digestion and metabolism, inducing oxidative stress, disordering immunity, and disrupting the microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Jiasong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China.
| | - Dalin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
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10
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Duan Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Xiong D, Zhang J. Transcriptomic and microbiota response on Litopenaeus vannamei intestine subjected to acute sulfide exposure. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:335-343. [PMID: 30772398 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Harmful effects of water pollutants are myriad. Sulfide from water bodies affects the aquatic animals. Intestine barrier function serves as the front-line of animals defense. Our previous study confirmed the toxic effect of sulfide on intestine immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei, but the underlying mechanisms remained elusive. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the transcriptomic and microbiota responses of the L. vannamei intestine subjected to acute sulfide exposure. Sulfide decreased bacterial richness and altered the intestine microbiota composition. Specifically, sulfide increased the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, but decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria. At the genus level, sulfide increased typical cellulolytic characteristics bacteria, such as Formosa, Sphingomonas, and Demequina. RNA-seq analysis identified differential expression of 1799 genes (701 up-regulated and 1098 down-regulated) were grouped into 267 pathways. The most enriched pathway 'amoebiasis' was related to the intestine mucus homeostasis. A number of immune-related genes associated with antimicrobial, antioxidant, pathogen attachment and recognition, and apoptosis processes in contrasting accessions; they were correlated with the abundance of intestine bacterial at the phylum level. This study provides an insight into the mechanisms associated with molecular and microbiota response and processes involved in adaptation strategies towards sulfide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dalin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jiasong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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11
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Ageing reduces the reproductive performance of male white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by altering sperm intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations and interfering with sperm apoptosis. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 198:74-81. [PMID: 30217679 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although the effects of age on the reproductive performance of various invertebrates, including white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei are increasingly well documented, the mechanisms manifesting these impacts remain poorly understood. To ascertain the mechanisms of age on reproductive performance, the sperm quality, intracellular contents of Ca2+, insemination and hatching rates, and status of sperm apoptosis in terms of the expression of key regulatory genes were investigated in 11 and 16 month old male L. vannamei. The aged male individuals (16 months) had lesser reproductive performance in terms of fertilization and hatching rates. In addition, fewer and less viable sperm were detected in aged shrimp, which may be due to the altered expression of apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, the aged males had lesser intracellular contents of Ca2+ in the sperm which may decrease the capacity of these gametes to undergo a complete acrosome reaction. In general, due to the decrease in intracellular contents of Ca2+ and alterations in the process of apoptosis, aged L. vannamei have relatively lesser quality sperm and may, therefore, have lesser reproductive performance.
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12
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Guo H, Li K, Wang W, Wang C, Shen Y. Effects of Copper on Hemocyte Apoptosis, ROS Production, and Gene Expression in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:318-326. [PMID: 28238057 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper, a common chemical contaminant in aquatic environment, is known to be toxic to aquatic life at high concentrations. In the present study, we evaluated the apoptotic cell ratio and ROS production in hemocytes of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to 1 or 5 mg L-1 Cu for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. The expression changes of antioxidant biomarker genes, i.e., copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) and catalase (CAT), apoptosis-related genes, i.e., caspase-3 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), and a specific biomarker gene of heavy metal pollution, i.e., metallothionein (MT), were also determined in hemocytes. Significant increases in ROS production were observed in both treatment groups at each time points. The apoptotic cell ratios were significantly increased at 6-48 h among shrimp exposed to 1 mg L-1 Cu and at each time points in 5 mg L-1 Cu group. These results indicated that Cu would induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in the hemocyte of L. vannamei. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the relative expression levels of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, caspase-3, IAP, and MT were upregulated in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of these genes in stress response against Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Leelatanawit R, Uawisetwathana U, Klanchui A, Khudet J, Phomklad S, Wongtriphop S, Jiravanichpaisal P, Karoonuthaisiri N. Transcriptomic Analysis of Male Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) After Polychaete Feeding to Enhance Testicular Maturation. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 19:125-135. [PMID: 28246982 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To reveal molecular mechanism of how polychaetes enhanced reproductive maturation in the male black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), transcriptomic profiles of male reproductive organs (testes and vas deferens) between polychaete-fed and commercial pellet-fed male brooders were compared using cDNA microarray. The overall profiles were distinguishingly different between the two feed groups as well as between testes and vas deferens. Additionally, six of 11 differentially expressed gene identified by the microarray (HNRPUL1 and GCP4 in testes, MAT2B, CDC16, and CSN5 in vas deferens, and SLD5 in both organs) were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and found to exhibit significantly higher expression levels in polychaete-fed shrimp than those in commercial pellet-fed shrimp. From microarray and qPCR results, the differentially expressed transcripts in both testes and vas deferens between different feeds belonged to DNA replication and microtubule nucleation pathways. Interestingly, while the transcripts involved in nutrient uptake and nucleotide biosynthesis were increased only in testes, those involved in protein refolding and apoptosis were increased only in vas deferens. These findings suggest that polychaetes may enhance spermatogenesis by increasing spermatogonia proliferation in testes and by regulating mature spermatozoa in vas deferens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungnapa Leelatanawit
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | - Umaporn Uawisetwathana
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Amornpan Klanchui
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Khudet
- Shrimp Genetic Improvement Center (SGIC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Suwanchai Phomklad
- Shrimp Genetic Improvement Center (SGIC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Somjai Wongtriphop
- Shrimp Genetic Improvement Center (SGIC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Pikul Jiravanichpaisal
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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14
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Felix-Portillo M, Martínez-Quintana JA, Arenas-Padilla M, Mata-Haro V, Gómez-Jiménez S, Yepiz-Plascencia G. Hypoxia drives apoptosis independently of p53 and metallothionein transcript levels in hemocytes of the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 161:454-462. [PMID: 27459156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms used by the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to respond to hypoxia have been studied from the energetic metabolism and antioxidant angles. We herein investigated the participation of p53 and metallothionein (MT) in the apoptotic process in response to hypoxia in shrimp hemocytes. The Lvp53 or LvMT genes were efficiently silenced by injection of double stranded RNA for p53 or MT. The effects of silencing on apoptosis were measured as caspase-3 activity and flow cytometry in hemocytes after 24 and 48 h of hypoxia (1.5 mg DO L(-1)). Hemocytes from unsilenced animals had significantly higher apoptosis levels upon both times of hypoxia. The apoptotic levels were diminished but not suppressed in dsp53-silenced but not dsMT-silenced hemocytes after 24 h of hypoxia, indicating a contribution of Lvp53 to apoptosis. Apoptosis in normoxia was significantly higher in dsp53-and dsMT-silenced animals compared to the unsilenced controls, pointing to a possible cytoprotective role of LvMT and Lvp53 during the basal apoptotic program in normoxia. Overall, these results indicate that hypoxia augments apoptosis in shrimp hemocytes and high mRNA levels of Lvp53 and LvMT are not necessary for this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrath Felix-Portillo
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. P.O. Box 1735. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico
| | - José A Martínez-Quintana
- Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Periférico Francisco R. Almada, Km 1, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 33820, Mexico
| | - Marina Arenas-Padilla
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. P.O. Box 1735. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mata-Haro
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. P.O. Box 1735. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico
| | - Silvia Gómez-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. P.O. Box 1735. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico
| | - Gloria Yepiz-Plascencia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. P.O. Box 1735. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km. 0.6 Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico.
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15
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Saleeart A, Mongkorntanyatip K, Sangsuriya P, Senapin S, Rattanarojpong T, Khunrae P. The interaction between PmHtrA2 and PmIAP and its effect on the activity of Pm caspase. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:393-400. [PMID: 27328308 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is an essential mechanism in multicellular organisms which results in the induction of cell death. Important apoptotic proteins, including high temperature requirement A2 (PmHtrA2; also known as serine protease), inhibitor of apoptosis protein (PmIAP) and Pm caspase, have been previously identified in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. However, the relevance among these proteins in apoptosis regulation has not been established yet in shrimp. Here, we showed that PmHtrA2 was able to interact with PmIAP and the binding of the two proteins was mediated by the BIR2 domain of PmIAP. In addition, the BIR2 of PmIAP was shown to be able to inhibit Pm caspase activity. The inhibitory effect of the BIR2 domain on Pm caspase was impaired under the presence of the IBM peptide of PmHtrA2, implying a role for PmHtrA2 in apoptosis activation. Our combined results suggested that P. monodon possesses a conserved mechanism by which the caspase-3 activity is modulated by HtrA2 and IAP, as previously seen in insects and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchulee Saleeart
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Karntichar Mongkorntanyatip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechonology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Triwit Rattanarojpong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Khunrae
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
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16
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Liu Y, Song L, Sun Y, Liu T, Hou F, Liu X. Comparison of immune response in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after knock down of Toll and IMD gene in vivo. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 60:41-52. [PMID: 26855014 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathways are essential for inducing immune related genes during invasion of pathogens. In the present study, transcripts of eight pathway-related genes in Litopenaeus vannamei, including Toll, IMD, Pelle, IAP1, TRAF6, ALF, Crustin and Penaeidin3 were analyzed to further understand the potential relationship between Toll and IMD pathway. The high transcription levels of TRAF6, Pelle, Toll, IMD and IAP1 in selected tissues indicates their functional roles in Toll and IMD pathways. The increased mRNA expression of Toll and IMD detected in the early stage might suggest the inducible role of Toll and IMD upon bacterial infection. Moreover, the continuous increase of IMD and the high level of Pelle and TRAF6 in Vibrio anguillarum challenged group indicated that Gram-negative bacterium can activate both the Toll and IMD signaling pathway. Silencing of Toll by a dsRNA-mediated RNAi strongly increased the transcripts of IMD, Pelle, TRAF6, IAP1 and Akirin, knocking down of IMD also markedly increased the transcripts of Toll, Pelle, IAP1 and Akirin. Furthermore, ALF expression was significantly increased in response to V. anguillarum and Micrococcus lysodeikticus challenge, while the transcripts of Crustin and Pen3 in hemocytes were significantly reduced in V. anguillarum group, but rose significantly following M. lysodeikticus infection. In summary, we speculate that Toll and IMD pathway are not independent in shrimp, but linked to defense against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Politics Teaching Office, Military Economics Academy of Airforce, Wuhan 430035, China
| | - Yuhang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fujun Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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17
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Yuan FH, Chen YG, Zhang ZZ, Yue HT, Bi HT, Yuan K, Weng SP, He JG, Chen YH. Down-regulation apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 gene reduced the Litopenaeus vannamei hemocyte apoptosis in WSSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 50:109-116. [PMID: 26806164 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, is crucial in various cellular responses. In the present study, we identified and characterized an ASK1 homolog from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvASK1). The full-length cDNA of LvASK1 was 5400 bp long, with an open reading frame encoding a putative 1420 amino acid protein. LvASK1 was highly expressed in muscle, hemocyte, eyestalk and heart. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of the LvASK1 was upregulated during the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. The knocked-down expression of LvASK1 by RNA interference significantly reduced the apoptotic ratio of the hemocytes collected from WSSV-infected L. vannamei. Furthermore, the down-regulation of LvASK1 also decreased the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected L. vannamei. These results suggested that down-regulation of LvASK1 decreased the apoptotic rate of hemocytes in WSSV-infected shrimp, and that it could contribute to the reduction of cumulative mortality in WSSV-infected L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Hua Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering in Guangdong Province/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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18
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Peepim T, Phiwsaiya K, Charoensapsri W, Khunrae P, Senapin S, Rattanarojpong T. Knockdown of Litopenaeus vannamei HtrA2, an up-regulated gene in response to WSSV infection, leading to delayed shrimp mortality. J Biotechnol 2015; 219:48-56. [PMID: 26712477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
HtrA2 is an apoptosis-activating gene that enhances the apoptotic process by preventing the formation of the IAP-caspase complex, thereby freeing caspase to trigger the apoptosis pathway. In this study, we presented the full-length cDNA sequence of HtrA2 from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvHtrA2). The full-length LvHtrA2 was 1335 bp, encoding 444 amino acids. This deduced amino acid sequence contained five conserved domains: a mitochondrial targeting signal (MTS), a transmembrane (TM) domain, an IAP-binding motif (IBM), a trimerization motif, a serine protease domain, and a PDZ domain normally found in the HtrA2 proteins of other organisms. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that LvHtrA2 clustered with the HtrA2 from other invertebrates and was closely related to Penaeus monodon HtrA2 (PmHtrA2). RT-PCR with RNA extracts from L. vannamei revealed that LvHtrA2 expression was found in several tissues, including the lymphoid organs, the haemocytes, the hepatopancreas, the gill, and the stomach, with different expression levels. When determining the role of LvHtrA2 in WSSV infection, it was found that LvHtrA2 transcription was early up-regulated in the WSSV-infected shrimp at 8h post-infection (p.i.) and expression still remained high at 48 h p.i.. It also demonstrated that dsRNA specific to LvHtrA2 reduced the cumulative mortality in the WSSV-infected shrimp compared with the control group. Additionally, depletion of the LvHtrA2 transcripts reduced expression levels for caspase-3 (Cap-3) gene in shrimp. This result could suggest that LvHtrA2 may involved in apoptosis mediated mortality rather than providing immune protection during WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Termsri Peepim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Khunrae
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Triwit Rattanarojpong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
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19
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Apitanyasai K, Amparyup P, Charoensapsri W, Senapin S, Tassanakajon A. Role of Penaeus monodon hemocyte homeostasis associated protein (PmHHAP) in regulation of caspase-mediated apoptosis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 53:234-243. [PMID: 26111999 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The viral responsive protein, PmHHAP, plays an important role in the control of hemocyte homeostasis in shrimps during viral infection. In this study, we further investigate the role of PmHHAP in the regulation of hemocyte apoptosis. RNA interference (RNAi) mediated gene silencing was used to suppress the PmHHAP expression and the change in hemocyte apoptosis was determined in the knockdown shrimp. Within circulating hemocytes, PmHHAP knockdown increased the number of annexin V-positive apoptotic cells and the combined caspase-3/-7 activity and induced the characteristic apoptotic DNA ladder. Furthermore, PmHHAP down-regulation was accompanied by significantly altered expression of apoptosis-related proteins including the effector caspases, PmCaspase and PmCasp. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that PmHHAP binds to the p20 domain of PmCasp. Moreover, the recombinant PmHHAP protein was able to reduce the caspase activity in the actinomycin D-treated hemocyte cells and rPmCasp-treated hemocyte cells. Taken together, our data indicate that PmHHAP regulates hemocyte homeostasis by inhibits apoptotic cell death through caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantamas Apitanyasai
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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20
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Shekhar MS, Ponniah AG. Recent insights into host-pathogen interaction in white spot syndrome virus infected penaeid shrimp. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:599-612. [PMID: 24953507 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Viral disease outbreaks are a major concern impeding the development of the shrimp aquaculture industry. The viral disease due to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) observed in early 1990s still continues unabated affecting the shrimp farms and cause huge economic loss to the shrimp aquaculture industry. In the absence of effective therapeutics to control WSSV, it is important to understand viral pathogenesis and shrimp response to WSSV at the molecular level. Identification and molecular characterization of WSSV proteins and receptors may facilitate in designing and development of novel therapeutics and antiviral drugs that may inhibit viral replication. Investigations into host-pathogen interactions might give new insights to viral infectivity, tissue tropism and defence mechanism elicited in response to WSSV infection. However, due to the limited information on WSSV gene function and host immune response, the signalling pathways which are associated in shrimp pathogen interaction have also not been elucidated completely. In the present review, the focus is on those shrimp proteins and receptors that are potentially involved in virus infection or in the defence mechanism against WSSV. In addition, the major signalling pathways involved in the innate immune response and the role of apoptosis in host-pathogen interaction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shekhar
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
| | - A G Ponniah
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
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21
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Charoensapsri W, Sangsuriya P, Lertwimol T, Gangnonngiw W, Phiwsaiya K, Senapin S. Laminin receptor protein is implicated in hemocyte homeostasis for the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 51:39-47. [PMID: 25720979 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we show that knockdown of laminin receptor (Lamr) with PvLamr dsRNA in the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei (Pv) caused a dramatic reduction specifically in hyaline hemocytes prior to death. Since apoptosis was not detected in hemocytes or hematopoietic cells, other possible causes of hemocyte loss were investigated. Reports that suppression of crustacean hematopoietic factor (CHF)-like protein or hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (HHAP) also reduced shrimp hemocyte counts led us to carry out yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays to test for interactions between Lamr and Pv homologues to these proteins (PvCHF-like and PvHHAP). The assays revealed that Lamr bound to both these homologues, but that the homologues did not bind to each other. Subsequent RT-PCR assays confirmed that PvLamr dsRNA injection significantly reduced expression levels for both PvCHF-like and PvHHAP genes. Further work is needed to determine how interaction among these three proteins can regulate shrimp hemocyte homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tareerat Lertwimol
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Warachin Gangnonngiw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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22
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Gene expression profiling in gill tissues of White spot syndrome virus infected black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by DNA microarray. Virusdisease 2015; 26:9-18. [PMID: 26436116 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-014-0243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) continues to be the most devastating viral pathogen infecting penaeid shrimp the world over. The genome of WSSV has been deciphered and characterized from three geographical isolates and significant progress has been made in developing various molecular diagnostic methods to detect the virus. However, the information on host immune gene response to WSSV pathogenesis is limited. Microarray analysis was carried out as an approach to analyse the gene expression in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon in response to WSSV infection. Gill tissues collected from the WSSV infected shrimp at 6, 24, 48 h and moribund stage were analysed for differential gene expression. Shrimp cDNAs of 40,059 unique sequences were considered for designing the microarray chip. The Cy3-labeled cRNA derived from healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp was subjected to hybridization with all the DNA spots in the microarray which revealed 8,633 and 11,147 as up- and down-regulated genes respectively at different time intervals post infection. The altered expression of these numerous genes represented diverse functions such as immune response, osmoregulation, apoptosis, nucleic acid binding, energy and metabolism, signal transduction, stress response and molting. The changes in gene expression profiles observed by microarray analysis provides molecular insights and framework of genes which are up- and down-regulated at different time intervals during WSSV infection in shrimp. The microarray data was validated by Real Time analysis of four differentially expressed genes involved in apoptosis (translationally controlled tumor protein, inhibitor of apoptosis protein, ubiquitin conjugated enzyme E2 and caspase) for gene expression levels. The role of apoptosis related genes in WSSV infected shrimp is discussed herein.
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Lertwimol T, Sangsuriya P, Phiwsaiya K, Senapin S, Phongdara A, Boonchird C, Flegel TW. Two new anti-apoptotic proteins of white spot syndrome virus that bind to an effector caspase (PmCasp) of the giant tiger shrimp Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 38:1-6. [PMID: 24607895 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus proteins WSSV134 and WSSV322 have been shown to bind with the p20 domain (residues 55-214) of Penaeus monodon caspase (PmCasp) protein through yeast two-hybrid screening. Binding was confirmed for the p20 domain and the full-length caspase by co-immunoprecipitation. WSSV134 is also known as the WSSV structural protein VP36A, but no function or conserved domains have been ascribed to WSSV322. Discovery of the caspase binding activity of these two proteins led to an investigation of their possible anti-apoptotic roles. Full-length PmCasp was confirmed to be an effector caspase by inducing apoptosis in transfected Sf-9 cells as assessed by DAPI staining. Using the same cell model, comparison of cells co-transfected with PmCasp and either WSSV134 or WSSV322 revealed that both of the binding proteins had anti-apoptotic activity. However, using the same Sf-9 protocol with anti-apoptosis protein-1 (AAP-1; also called WSSV449) previously shown to bind and inactivate a different effector caspase from P. monodon (Pm caspase) did not block apoptosis induced by PmCasp. The results revealed diversity in effector caspases and their viral protein inhibitors in P. monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareerat Lertwimol
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Amornrat Phongdara
- Center for Genomic and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Chuenchit Boonchird
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Timothy W Flegel
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Wang PH, Wan DH, Gu ZH, Qiu W, Chen YG, Weng SP, Yu XQ, He JG. Analysis of expression, cellular localization, and function of three inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) from Litopenaeus vannamei during WSSV infection and in regulation of antimicrobial peptide genes (AMPs). PLoS One 2013; 8:e72592. [PMID: 23967321 PMCID: PMC3743791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) play important roles in apoptosis and NF-κB activation. In this study, we cloned and characterized three IAPs (LvIAP1-3) from the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeusvannamei. LvIAP1-3 proteins shared signature domains and exhibited significant similarities with other IAP family proteins. The tissue distributions of LvIAP1-3 were studied. The expression of LvIAP1-3 was induced in the muscle after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. LvIAP1 expression in the gill, hemocytes, hepatopancreas, and intestine was responsive to WSSV and Vibrioalginolyticus infections. LvIAP2 expression in the gill, hemocytes, and hepatopancreas was also responsive to WSSV infection. The expression of LvIAP3 in the gill, hemocytes, and intestine was reduced after V. alginolyticus infection. When overexpressed in Drosophila S2 cells, GFP labeled-LvIAP2 was distributed in the cytoplasm and appeared as speck-like aggregates in the nucleus. Both LvIAP1 and LvIAP3 were widely distributed throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus. The expression of LvIAP1, LvIAP2, and LvIAP3 was significantly knocked down by dsRNA-mediated gene silencing. In the gill of LvIAP1- or LvIAP3-silenced shrimp, the expression of WSSV VP28 was significantly higher than that of the dsGFP control group, suggesting that LvIAP1 and LvIAP3 may play protective roles in host defense against WSSV infection. Intriguingly, the LvIAP2-silenced shrimp all died within 48 hours after dsLvIAP2 injection. In the hemocytes of LvIAP2-silenced shrimps, the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes (AMPs), including Penaeidins, lysozyme, crustins, Vibriopenaeicidae-induced cysteine and proline-rich peptides (VICPs), was significantly downregulated, while the expression of anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) was upregulated. Moreover, LvIAP2 activated the promoters of the NF-κB pathway-controlled AMPs, such as shrimp Penaeidins and Drosophila drosomycin and attacin A, in Drosophila S2 cells. Taken together, these results reveal that LvIAP1 and LvIAP3 might participate in the host defense against WSSV infection, and LvIAP2 might be involved in the regulation of shrimp AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (P-HW); (J-GH)
| | - Ding-Hui Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (P-HW); (J-GH)
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25
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Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K, Supungul P, Tang S. Discovery of immune molecules and their crucial functions in shrimp immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 34:954-967. [PMID: 23059654 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several immune-related molecules in penaeid shrimps have been discovered, most of these via the analysis of expressed sequence tag libraries, microarray studies and proteomic approaches. These immune molecules include antimicrobial peptides, serine proteinases and inhibitors, phenoloxidases, oxidative enzymes, clottable protein, pattern recognition proteins, lectins, Toll receptors, and other humoral factors that might participate in the innate immune system of shrimps. These molecules have mainly been found in the hemolymph and hemocytes, which are the main sites where immune reactions take place, while some are found in other immune organs/tissues, such as the lymphoid organs, gills and intestines. Although the participation of some of these immune molecules in the shrimp innate immune defense against invading pathogens has been demonstrated, the functions of many molecules remain unclear. This review summarizes the current status of our knowledge concerning the discovery and functional characterization of the immune molecules in penaeid shrimps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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