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Suman TY, Kim SY, Yeom DH, Jang Y, Jeong TY, Jeon J. Transcriptome and computational approaches highlighting the molecular regulation of Zacco platypus induced by mesocosm exposure to common disinfectant chlorine. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137989. [PMID: 36736481 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl2) is a disinfectant often used in swimming pools and water treatment facilities. However, it is released into aquatic ecosystems, where it may harm non-targeted organisms. Here, we performed a mesocosm experiment exposing Zacco platypus (Z. platypus) to biocide Cl2 for 30 days (30 d) at two days' time points 15 days (15 d) and 30 d samples were collected. Here, Z. platypus was exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.1 mg/L) of Cl2, and comparative transcriptomics analyses were performed to determine their response mechanisms at the molecular level. According to RNA sequencing of the whole-body transcriptome, 860 and 1189 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the 15 d and 30 d responses to Cl2, respectively. After enrichment analysis of GO (Gene Ontology) functions and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways, identified DEGs were demonstrated to be associated with a variety of functions, including "ion binding and transmembrane transporters". Cl2 also induced oxidative stress in Z. platypus by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) while decreasing the catalase (CAT) content and the levels of solute carrier family 22 member 11 (slc22a11), Caspase-8 (casp-8), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma (PLA2G4). However, Z. platypus still allows recovery during stress suspension by increasing the expression levels of solute carrier family proteins. The GO and KEGG annotation results revealed that the expression of DEGs were related to the detoxification process, immune response, and antioxidant mechanism. Additionally, protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) and cytoHubba analyses identified sixteen hub genes and their interaction. These findings elucidate the regulation of various DEGs and signaling pathways in response to Cl2 exposure, which will improve our knowledge and laid foundation for further investigation of the toxicity of Cl2 to Z. platypus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thodhal Yoganandham Suman
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Smart and Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju-si, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Yeom
- Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju-si, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Jang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-eup,Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Smart and Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang J, Li P, Lu R, Ouyang S, Chang MX. Structural and functional analysis of the small GTPase ARF1 reveals a pivotal role of its GTP-binding domain in controlling of the generation of viral inclusion bodies and replication of grass carp reovirus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956587. [PMID: 36091067 PMCID: PMC9459132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is the most pathogenic double-stranded (ds) RNA virus among the isolated aquareoviruses. The molecular mechanisms by which GCRV utilizes host factors to generate its infectious compartments beneficial for viral replication and infection are poorly understood. Here, we discovered that the grass carp ADP ribosylation factor 1 (gcARF1) was required for GCRV replication since the knockdown of gcARF1 by siRNA or inhibiting its GTPase activity by treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) significantly impaired the yield of infectious viral progeny. GCRV infection recruited gcARF1 into viral inclusion bodies (VIBs) by its nonstructural proteins NS80 and NS38. The small_GTP domain of gcARF1 was confirmed to be crucial for promoting GCRV replication and infection, and the number of VIBs reduced significantly by the inhibition of gcARF1 GTPase activity. The analysis of gcARF1-GDP complex crystal structure revealed that the 27AAGKTT32 motif and eight amino acid residues (A27, G29, K30, T31, T32, N126, D129 and A160), which were located mainly within the GTP-binding domain of gcARF1, were crucial for the binding of gcARF1 with GDP. Furthermore, the 27AAGKTT32 motif and the amino acid residue T31 of gcARF1 were indispensable for the function of gcARF1 in promoting GCRV replication and infection. Taken together, it is demonstrated that the GTPase activity of gcARF1 is required for efficient replication of GCRV and that host GTPase ARF1 is closely related with the generation of VIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Riye Lu
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Songying Ouyang
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Xian Chang, ; Songying Ouyang,
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Xian Chang, ; Songying Ouyang,
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Hasan MW, Haseeb M, Ehsan M, Gadahi JA, Naqvi MAUH, Wang QQ, Liu X, Lakho SA, Yan R, Xu L, Song X, Li X. Nanoparticles (PLGA and Chitosan)-Entrapped ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 of Haemonchus contortus Enhances the Immune Responses in ICR Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E726. [PMID: 33276581 PMCID: PMC7761582 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (HcARF1) is one of the Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) excretory/secretory proteins involved in modulating the immune response of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Here, we evaluated the immunogenic potential of recombinant HcARF1 (rHcARF1) against H. contortus infection in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Briefly, rHcARF1 was entrapped in poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NP) and injected into mice as a vaccine. Fifty-six ICR mice were assigned randomly into seven groups, with eight animals in each group, and they were vaccinated subcutaneously. At the end of the experiment (14th day), the blood and the spleen were collected from euthanized mice to detect lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine analysis, and the production of antigen-specific antibodies. Scanning electron microscope was used to determine the size, morphology, and zeta potential of nanoparticles. Flow cytometry was performed, which presented the increase percentages of CD4+ T cells (CD3e+CD4+), CD8+ T cells (CD3e+CD8+) and dendritic cells (CD11c+CD83+, CD11c+CD86+) in mice vaccinated with rHcARF1+PLGA NP. Immunoassay analysis show raised humoral (Immunoglobulin (Ig)G1, IgG2a, IgM) and cell-mediated immune response (Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, and IL-17, and Interferon (IFN)-γ) induced by rHcARF1+PLGA NP. Experimental groups that were treated with the antigen-loaded NP yield higher lymphocyte proliferation than the control groups. Based on these results, we could propose that the rHcARF1 encapsulated in NP could stimulate a strong immune response in mice rather than administering alone against the infection of H. contortus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.W.H.); (M.H.); (M.E.); (J.A.G.); (M.A.-u.-H.N.); (Q.Q.W.); (X.L.); (S.A.L.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
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Cross-Kingdom Activation of Vibrio Toxins by ADP-Ribosylation Factor Family GTPases. J Bacteriol 2020; 202:JB.00278-20. [PMID: 32900828 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00278-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Vibrio species use many different approaches to subvert, attack, and undermine the host response. The toxins they produce are often responsible for the devastating effects associated with their diseases. These toxins target a variety of host proteins, which leads to deleterious effects, including dissolution of cell organelle integrity and inhibition of protein secretion. Becoming increasingly prevalent as cofactors for Vibrio toxins are proteins of the small GTPase families. ADP-ribosylation factor small GTPases (ARFs) in particular are emerging as a common host cofactor necessary for full activation of Vibrio toxins. While ARFs are not the direct target of Vibrio cholerae cholera toxin (CT), ARF binding is required for its optimal activity as an ADP-ribosyltransferase. The makes caterpillars floppy (MCF)-like and the domain X (DmX) effectors of the Vibrio vulnificus multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin also both require ARFs to initiate autoprocessing and activation as independent effectors. ARFs are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes and are key regulators of many cellular processes, and as such they are ideal cofactors for Vibrio pathogens that infect many host species. In this review, we cover in detail the known Vibrio toxins that use ARFs as cross-kingdom activators to both stimulate and optimize their activity. We further discuss how these contrast to toxins and effectors from other bacterial species that coactivate, stimulate, or directly modify host ARFs as their mechanisms of action.
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Transcriptomic analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant fresh water prawn) post-larvae in response to M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) infection: de novo assembly and functional annotation. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:762. [PMID: 31640560 PMCID: PMC6805343 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of a major freshwater prawn species cultured in Southeast Asia. White tail disease (WTD), caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), is a serious problem in farm cultivation and is responsible for up to 100% mortality in the post larvae stage. Molecular data on how M. rosenbergii post-larvae launches an immune response to an infection with MrNV is not currently available. We therefore compared the whole transcriptomic sequence of M. rosenbergii post-larvae before and after MrNV infection. Results Transcriptome for M. rosenbergii post-larvae demonstrated high completeness (BUSCO Complete: 83.4%, fragmentation: 13%, missing:3.3%, duplication:16.2%; highest ExN50 value: 94%). The assembled transcriptome consists of 96,362 unigenes with N50 of 1308 bp. The assembled transcriptome was successfully annotated against the NCBI non-redundant arthropod database (33.75%), UniProt database (26.73%), Gene Ontology (GO) (18.98%), Evolutionary Genealogy of Genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (EggNOG) (20.88%), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) (20.46%). GO annotations included immune system process, signaling, response to stimulus, and antioxidant activity. Differential abundance analysis using EdgeR showed 2413 significantly up-regulated genes and 3125 significantly down-regulated genes during the infection of MrNV. Conclusions This study reported a highly complete transcriptome from the post-larvae stage of giant river prawn, M. rosenbergii. Differential abundant transcripts during MrNV infection were identified and validated by qPCR, many of these differentially abundant transcripts as key players in antiviral immunity. These include known members of the innate immune response with the largest expression change occurring in the M. rosenbergii post-larvae after MrNV infection such as antiviral protein, C-type lectin, prophenol oxidase, caspase, ADP ribosylation factors, and dicer.
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Liu M, Liu L, Abbas MN, Kausar S, Zhang JW, Ye ZZ, Qian XY, Zhao XM, Chu SH, Dai LS. Involvement of gamma interferon inducible lysosomal thiol reductase in the innate immune responses of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 99:103405. [PMID: 31145913 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Gamma interferon inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) plays a key biological role in the immune responses and involves in the processing of class II MHC-restricted antigen by stimulating disulfide bond reduction in mammals. To determine the biological function of GILT in the innate immune system of crustaceans, we sequenced and cloned GILT gene from red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Pc-GILT). The deduced amino acid sequence of Pc-GILT contained the putative conserved structures of the GILT family proteins: the GILT signature (CQHGX2ECX2NX4C) sequence and the active site (CXXS) motif. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis suggested that a recombinant Pc-GILT protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that Pc-GILT transcript level was highest in the hepatopancreas followed by the gut, heart and muscles. Additionally, we analyzed the transcription level of Pc-GILT gene in hepatopancreas of red swamp crayfish under biotic stress conditions. The expression of Pc-GILT gene upregulated after viral (poly I:C) and bacterial (peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide) infection. The suppression of Pc-GILT by double stranded RNA influenced the transcript levels of various immune-related genes. These observations indicate that the Pc-GILT probably plays a key biological role in the innate immune responses of red swamp crayfish, since it modulates the expression of genes associated with immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kausar
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jun-Wei Zhang
- Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Supervision and Management Bureau, Xuancheng, 242000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ze Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Xing-Yi Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhao
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China.
| | - Sheng-Hui Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
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Zhu L, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Zhan W. Differential proteome of haemocyte subpopulations responded to white spot syndrome virus infection in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 84:82-93. [PMID: 29427599 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, the differentially expressed proteins have been identified by proteomic analysis in total haemocytes of shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. To further investigate the differential response of haemocyte subpopulations to WSSV infection, granulocytes and hyalinocytes were separated from healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp by immunomagnetic bead (IMB) method, respectively. Then two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins in haemocyte subpopulations between healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp. The results of flow cytometry (FCM) showed that about 98% of granulocytes and about 96% of hyalinocytes in purity were obtained. Quantitative intensity analysis revealed that 26 protein spots in granulocytes and 24 spots in hyalinocytes were significantly changed post WSSV infection. Among them, 24 proteins in granulocytes and 23 proteins in hyalinocytes were identified by MS analysis, which could be divided into eight categories according to Gene Ontology. The identification of prophenoloxidase (proPO), proPO 2 and peroxiredoxin in WSSV-infected granulocytes was consistent with the facts that the proPO-activating system and peroxiredoxin were mainly existed in granulocytes. The phagocytosis of hyalinocytes seemed to be enhanced during the infection, because several proteins that involved in phagocytosis, including clathrin heavy chain, ADP ribosylation factor 4 and Alpha2 macroglobulin were up-regulated in hyalinocytes upon WSSV infection. Our results also reflected the vital biological significance of calcium ion binding proteins in granulocytes and ATPase/GTPase in hyalinocytes during WSSV infection. The data in this study verified the roles of granulocytes and hyalinocytes involved in WSSV infection, and differentially expressed proteins identified in granulocytes and hyalinocytes had a close correlation with their function characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Shekhar MS, Gomathi A, Dubey NK, Vinaya Kumar K, Vijayan KK. Effect of immune gene silencing in WSSV infected tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:252-259. [PMID: 28882801 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus, continues to cause huge economic loss to aquaculture industry. In the absence of effective therapeutics to control WSSV, it is important to understand the host pathogen interaction at the molecular level. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library was constructed which led to identification of several differentially expressed genes in response to WSSV infection in Penaeus monodon. The genes expressed in SSH cDNA library of shrimp gill and gut tissues belonged to a wide range of biological functions. The three differentially expressed genes, Single von Willebrand factor type C domain protein (pmSVC), P53 protein gene (pmP53) and ADP ribosylation factor (pmArf) were up-regulated against WSSV infection and were further characterized by gene silencing to study the role of these shrimp immune genes on WSSV multiplication. The sequence-specific knock down of pmSVC, pmP53 and pmArf using the dsRNA revealed that in pmSVC-dsRNA inoculated shrimps WSSV replication was more with increased viral copy numbers when compared with pmP53-dsRNA and pmArf -dsRNA inoculated shrimps. The varied response of immune genes to WSSV infection, indicated that host genes may either inhibit virus replication to some extent or might act as a target to facilitate viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shekhar
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600028, India.
| | - A Gomathi
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600028, India
| | - N K Dubey
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600028, India
| | - K Vinaya Kumar
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600028, India
| | - K K Vijayan
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600028, India
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Duan Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Li J, Liu P. Characterization of ADP ribosylation factor 1 gene from Exopalaemon carinicauda and its immune response to pathogens challenge and ammonia-N stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:123-130. [PMID: 27231192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ADP ribosylation factors (Arf), as highly conserved small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins, participates in intracellular trafficking and organelle structure. In this study, a full-length cDNA of Arf1 (designated EcArf1) was cloned from Exopalaemon carinicauda by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) approaches. The full-length cDNA of EcArf1 was 1428 bp, which contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 549 bp, encoding a 182 amino-acid polypeptide with the predicted molecular weight of 20.69 kDa and estimated isoelectric point was 7.24. Sequence analysis revealed that the conserved Arf protein family signatures were identified in EcArf1. The deduced amino acid sequence of EcArf1 shared high identity (95%-98%) with that of other species and clustered together with Arf1 of other shrimp in the NJ phylogenetic tree, indicating that EcArf1 should be a member of the Arf1 family. Quantitative real-time RT-qPCR analysis indicated that EcArf1 was expressed in hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gills, muscle, ovary, intestine, stomach and heart, and the most abundant level was in hemocytes and gills, which were also the two main target tissues of pathogen infection and environmental stress. After Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, EcArf1 transcripts level significantly increased in hemocytes and hepatopancreas at 3 h and 6 h, respectively. The expression of EcArf1 in hemocytes and hepatopancreas significantly up-regulated at 12 h and 6 h respectively, and down-regulated at 72 h and 48 h, respectively. EcArf1 expression in hepatopancreas and gills both significantly increased at 6 h and decreased at 24 h under ammonia-N stress. The results suggested that EcArf1 might be involved in immune responses to pathogens (V. parahaemolyticus and WSSV) challenge and ammonia-N stress in E. carinicauda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Jitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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