1
|
Zmrhal V, Svoradova A, Venusova E, Slama P. The Influence of Heat Stress on Chicken Immune System and Mitigation of Negative Impacts by Baicalin and Baicalein. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2564. [PMID: 37627355 PMCID: PMC10451628 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) in poultry husbandry is an important stressor and with increasing global temperatures its importance will increase. The negative effects of stress on the quality and quantity of poultry production are described in a range of research studies. However, a lack of attention is devoted to the impacts of HS on individual chicken immune cells and whole lymphoid tissue in birds. Oxidative stress and increased inflammation are accompanying processes of HS, but with deleterious effects on the whole organism. They play a key role in the inflammation and oxidative stress of the chicken immune system. There are a range of strategies that can help mitigate the adverse effects of HS in poultry. Phytochemicals are well studied and some of them report promising results to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation, a major consequence of HS. Current studies revealed that mitigating these two main impacts of HS will be a key factor in solving the problem of increasing temperatures in poultry production. Improved function of the chicken immune system is another benefit of using phytochemicals in poultry due to the importance of poultry health management in today's post pandemic world. Based on the current literature, baicalin and baicalein have proven to have strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in mammalian and avian models. Taken together, this review is dedicated to collecting the literature about the known effects of HS on chicken immune cells and lymphoid tissue. The second part of the review is dedicated to the potential use of baicalin and baicalein in poultry to mitigate the negative impacts of HS on poultry production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Zmrhal
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.Z.); (A.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Andrea Svoradova
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.Z.); (A.S.); (E.V.)
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, 951 41 Luzianky, Slovakia
| | - Eva Venusova
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.Z.); (A.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.Z.); (A.S.); (E.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pritchett EM, Van Goor A, Schneider BK, Young M, Lamont SJ, Schmidt CJ. Chicken pituitary transcriptomic responses to acute heat stress. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5233-5246. [PMID: 37127810 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poultry production is vulnerable to increasing temperatures in terms of animal welfare and in economic losses. With the predicted increase in global temperature and the number and severity of heat waves, it is important to understand how chickens raised for food respond to heat stress. This knowledge can be used to determine how to select chickens that are adapted to thermal challenge. As neuroendocrine organs, the hypothalamus and pituitary provide systemic regulation of the heat stress response. METHODS AND RESULTS Here we report a transcriptome analysis of the pituitary response to acute heat stress. Chickens were stressed for 2 h at 35 °C (HS) and transcriptomes compared with birds maintained in thermoneutral temperatures (25 °C). CONCLUSIONS The observations were evaluated in the context of ontology terms and pathways to describe the pituitary response to heat stress. The pituitaries of heat stressed birds exhibited responses to hyperthermia through altered expression of genes coding for chaperones, cell cycle regulators, cholesterol synthesis, transcription factors, along with the secreted peptide hormones, prolactin, and proopiomelanocortin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Van Goor
- Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Meaghan Young
- Animal and Food Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Carl J Schmidt
- Animal and Food Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haq Z, Ahmad SM, Bashir I, Dar MA, Saleem A, Khan AA, Yatoo MI, Mir S, Rastogi A, Hussain MI, Shah RA, Bhat B. Pathogenesis-Related Gene Expression in Response to Trachyspermum ammi Supplementation Along With Probiotics in Chicken Salmonellosis and Insights in Drug Therapeutics. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:866614. [PMID: 35720847 PMCID: PMC9201639 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.866614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is the leading cause of foodborne illness. Since Salmonella continues to have a detrimental effect on public health, there is an ongoing need to develop more advanced methods for combating Salmonellosis in foods before they reach consumers. In addition, the quest for alternative natural products has recently intensified due to increasingly stringent regulations regarding the use of antibiotics as growth promoters and consumer demand for antibiotic-free poultry products. This study evaluated the effect of Ajwain extract (AJE) on immune response and antioxidant status in broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. The chicks were infected with S. typhimurium and were divided into the different groups, except for the control group (CON). The challenged chicks received different treatments with 3 × 109 colony-forming unit (CFU) AciproTM-WS probiotic (PRO), 200 mg/kg Ajwain extract (AJE), 200 mg/100 kg of enrofloxacin (ENR), and a combination of 3 × 109 CFU AciproTM-WS probiotic and 200 mg/kg Ajwain extract (COM). Five days posttreatment, the tissue samples (liver and spleen) were analyzed. The results showed that basal diet supplemented with Ajwain extract (AJE) and a combination of probiotic and Ajwain extract (COM) significantly (P < 0.0.5) reduced the cytokine expression in broiler chicks challenged with S. typhimurium. Our findings suggest that AJE can clear the bacterial infection, improve antioxidant status, and suppress the inflammation response. Additionally, AJE supplementation significantly mitigated the S. typhimurium-induced increase in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) (liver and spleen), interleukin-8 (IL-8) (liver and spleen), interleukin-17A (IL-17A) (liver and spleen), and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) (spleen and liver) levels (P < 0.05). We conclude that Ajwain is an efficient feed additive with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The interaction networks developed in this study provide a novel lead that could be targeted for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfqarul Haq
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Syed Mudasir Ahmad
| | - Ishrat Bashir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mashooq Ahmad Dar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Azmat Alam Khan
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohammad Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shabir Mir
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Ankur Rastogi
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohd Isfaqul Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Riaz A. Shah
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Basharat Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Basharat Bhat
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ding C, He R, Zhang J, Dong Z, Wu J. Pseudogene HSPA7 is a poor prognostic biomarker in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) and correlated with immune infiltrates. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:435. [PMID: 34412642 PMCID: PMC8375184 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudogenes played important roles in tumorigenesis, while there are nearly no reports about the expression and roles of HSPA7 in the cancer. Methods Firstly, we used Logistic regression, the KS test, the GEPIA database, UALCAN database and qRT-PCR to analyze the expression level of HSPA7 in KIRC, then we used the Cox regression and the Kaplan–Meier curve to analyze the overall survival (OS) of KIRC patients with different Clinico-pathological parameters. Thirdly, we used the multivariate Cox analysis of influencing factors to compare the correlation between the HSPA7 expression level and the clinical parameters. Finally, we used multi-GSEA analysis and the Tumor Immunoassay Resource (TIMER) database to explore the functional role of HSPA7 in KIRC Results The HSPA7 is highly expressed in KIRC tumor tissues, and its expression is related to clinico-pathological features and survival in KIRC patients. GSEA analysis displayed the high expression of HSPA7 in KIRC were related to several tumor-related and immune-related pathways. With the TIMER database analysis we showed that HSPA7 levels were correlated with the CD4+ T cells, neutrophils and Dendritic Cell. Conclusions Our study showed that HSPA7 is very important in the tumor progression and may act as a poor prognostic biomarker for KIRC tumor by modulating immune infiltrating cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02141-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjin Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rundong He
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinghan Zhang
- Neonatal Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zanna MY, Yasmin AR, Omar AR, Arshad SS, Mariatulqabtiah AR, Nur-Fazila SH, Mahiza MIN. Review of Dendritic Cells, Their Role in Clinical Immunology, and Distribution in Various Animal Species. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158044. [PMID: 34360810 PMCID: PMC8348663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of the bone marrow and form a widely distributed cellular system throughout the body. They are the most efficient, potent, and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the immune system, inducing and dispersing a primary immune response by the activation of naïve T-cells, and playing an important role in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance under homeostatic conditions. Thus, this review has elucidated the general aspects of DCs as well as the current dynamic perspectives and distribution of DCs in humans and in various species of animals that includes mouse, rat, birds, dog, cat, horse, cattle, sheep, pig, and non-human primates. Besides the role that DCs play in immune response, they also play a pathogenic role in many diseases, thus becoming a target in disease prevention and treatment. In addition, its roles in clinical immunology have also been addressed, which include its involvement in transplantation, autoimmune disease, viral infections, cancer, and as a vaccine target. Therefore, based on the current knowledge and understanding of the important roles they play, DCs can be used in the future as a powerful tool for manipulating the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yusuf Zanna
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Abd Rahaman Yasmin
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.R.O.); (A.R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-8609-3473 or +601-7353-7341
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.R.O.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.S.A.); (S.H.N.-F.); (M.I.N.M.)
| | - Siti Suri Arshad
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.S.A.); (S.H.N.-F.); (M.I.N.M.)
| | - Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.R.O.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saulol Hamid Nur-Fazila
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.S.A.); (S.H.N.-F.); (M.I.N.M.)
| | - Md Isa Nur Mahiza
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.S.A.); (S.H.N.-F.); (M.I.N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
van den Biggelaar RHGA, van der Maas L, Meiring HD, Pennings JLA, van Eden W, Rutten VPMG, Jansen CA. Proteomic analysis of chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in response to an inactivated IBV + NDV poultry vaccine. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12666. [PMID: 34135356 PMCID: PMC8209092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactivated poultry vaccines are subject to routine potency testing for batch release, requiring large numbers of animals. The replacement of in vivo tests for cell-based alternatives can be facilitated by the identification of biomarkers for vaccine-induced immune responses. In this study, chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were stimulated with an inactivated vaccine for infectious bronchitis virus and Newcastle disease virus, as well as inactivated infectious bronchitis virus only, and lipopolysaccharides as positive control, or left unstimulated for comparison with the stimulated samples. Next, the cells were lysed and subjected to proteomic analysis. Stimulation with the vaccine resulted in 66 differentially expressed proteins associated with mRNA translation, immune responses, lipid metabolism and the proteasome. For the eight most significantly upregulated proteins, mRNA expression levels were assessed. Markers that showed increased expression at both mRNA and protein levels included PLIN2 and PSMB1. Stimulation with infectious bronchitis virus only resulted in 25 differentially expressed proteins, which were mostly proteins containing Src homology 2 domains. Stimulation with lipopolysaccharides resulted in 118 differentially expressed proteins associated with dendritic cell maturation and antimicrobial activity. This study provides leads to a better understanding of the activation of dendritic cells by an inactivated poultry vaccine, and identified PLIN2 and PSMB1 as potential biomarkers for cell-based potency testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin H G A van den Biggelaar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hugo D Meiring
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen L A Pennings
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Eden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Victor P M G Rutten
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christine A Jansen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Induction of Chicken Host Defense Peptides within Disease-Resistant and -Susceptible Lines. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101195. [PMID: 33066561 PMCID: PMC7602260 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs) are multifunctional immune molecules that respond to bacterial and viral pathogens. In the present study, bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) and chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs) were cultured from a Leghorn line (Ghs6) and Fayoumi line (M15.2), which are inbred chicken lines relatively susceptible and resistant to various diseases, respectively. The cells were treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and, subsequently, mRNA expression of 20 chicken HDPs was analyzed before and after the stimulation. At homeostasis, many genes differed between the chicken lines, with the Fayoumi line having significantly higher expression (p < 0.05) than the Leghorn line: AvBD1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 in BMCs; CATH1, CATH3, and GNLY in CEFs; and AvDB5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 in both BMCs and CEFs. After LPS treatment, the expression of AvBD1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 12, CATH1, and CATHB1 was significantly upregulated in BMCs, but no genes changed expression in CEFs. After poly(I:C) treatment, AvBD2, 11, 12, 13, CATHB1 and LEAP2 increased in both cell types; CATH2 only increased in BMCs; and AvBD3, 6, 9, 14, CATH1, CATH3, and GNLY only increased in CEFs. In addition, AvBD7, AvBD14, CATH1, CATH2, GNLY, and LEAP2 showed line-specific expression dependent upon cell type (BMC and CEF) and stimulant (LPS and poly(I:C)). The characterization of mRNA expression patterns of chicken HDPs in the present study suggests that their functions may be associated with multiple types of disease resistance in chickens.
Collapse
|
8
|
Paßlick D, Reinholz J, Simon J, Piradashvili K, Jiang S, Li M, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Nanovaccine impact on dendritic cells: transcriptome analysis enables new insights into antigen and adjuvant effects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2053-2069. [PMID: 32885728 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: For vaccines the combination between an antigen and adjuvants are both crucially important to trigger an effective immune response in dendritic cells. Innovative adjuvants like resiquimod or muramyldipeptide have their target protein inside the cell. Materials & methods: Up/downregulation and proteome expression was investigated for the adjuvant combination resiquimod and muramyldipeptide in a soluble form versus encapsulated into a nanocarrier. Results: We found that 1225 genes were upregulated after nanocarrier treatment while 478 genes were downregulated. Most prominent were interferon-stimulated genes with more than 25-times higher expression after nanocarrier treatment, for example RSAD2 and ISG15, which were recently found to have antiviral or antitumor effects. Conclusion: Encapsulation gives a more effective upregulation of vaccine-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Paßlick
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Jonas Reinholz
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Johanna Simon
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Keti Piradashvili
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Mengyi Li
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haseeb M, Lakho SA, Huang J, Hasan MW, Ali-Ul-Husnain Naqvi M, Zhou Z, Yan R, Xu L, Song X, Li X. In vitro effects of 5 recombinant antigens of Eimeria maxima on maturation, differentiation, and immunogenic functions of dendritic cells derived from chicken spleen. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5331-5343. [PMID: 33142449 PMCID: PMC7647736 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Eimeria maxima possesses integral families of immunogenic constituents that promote differentiation of immune cells during host-parasite interactions. Dendritic cells (DCs) have an irreplaceable role in the modulation of the host immunity. However, the selection of superlative antigen with immune stimulatory efficacies on host DCs is lacking. In this study, 5 recombinant proteins of E. maxima (Em), including Em14-3-3, rhomboid family domain containing proteins (ROM) EmROM1 and EmROM2, microneme protein 2 (EmMIC2), and Em8 were identified to stimulate chicken splenic derived DCs in vitro. The cultured populations were incubated with recombinant proteins, and typical morphologies of stimulated DCs were obtained. DC-associated markers major histocompatibility complex class II, CD86, CD11c, and CD1.1, showed upregulatory expressions by flow cytometry assay. Immunofluorescence assay revealed that recombinant proteins could bind with the surface of chicken splenic derived DCs. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR results showed that distinct gene expressions of Toll-like receptors and Wnt signaling pathway were upregulated after the coincubation of recombinant proteins with DCs. The ELISA results indicated that the DCs produced a significant higher level of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon-γ secretions after incubation with recombinant proteins. While transforming growth factor-β was significantly increased with rEmROM1, rEmROM2, and rEmMIC2 as compared to control groups, and IL-10 did not show significant alteration. Taken together, these results concluded that among 5 potential recombinant antigens, rEm14-3-3 could promote immunogenic functions of chicken splenic derived DCs more efficiently, which might represent an effective molecule for inducing the host Th1-mediated immune response against Eimeria infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haseeb
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed Lakho
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianmei Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Waqqas Hasan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Ali-Ul-Husnain Naqvi
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhouyang Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lixin Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaokai Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin SY, Yao BY, Hu CMJ, Chen HW. Induction of Robust Immune Responses by CpG-ODN-Loaded Hollow Polymeric Nanoparticles for Antiviral and Vaccine Applications in Chickens. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3303-3318. [PMID: 32494131 PMCID: PMC7227821 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s241492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poultry vaccine has limited choices of adjuvants and is facing severe threat of infectious diseases due to ineffective of widely used commercial vaccines. Thus, development of novel adjuvant that offers safe and effective immunity is of urgent need. Materials and Methods The present research engineers a novel chicken adjuvant with potent immune-potentiating capability by incorporating avian toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21) agonist CpG ODN 2007 with a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based hollow nanoparticle platform (CpG-NP), which subsequently assessed ex vivo and in vivo. Results CpG-NPs with an average diameter of 164 nm capable of sustained release of CpG for up to 96 hours were successfully prepared. With the ex vivo model of chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (chBMDCs), CpG-NP was engulfed effectively and found to induce DC maturation, promoting dendrite formation and upregulation of CD40, CD80 and CCR7. In addition to enhanced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IFN-γ, 53/84 immune-related genes were found to be stimulated in CpG-NP-treated chBMDCs, whereas only 39 of such genes were stimulated in free CpG-treated cells. These upregulated genes suggest immune skewing toward T helper cell 1 bias and evidence of improved mucosal immunity upon vaccination with the CpG-NP. The CpG-NP-treated chBMDCs showed protective effects to DF-1 cells against avian influenza virus H6N1 infection. Upon subsequent coupling with infectious bronchitis virus subunit antigen administration, chickens were immunostimulated to acquire higher humoral immune response and protective response against viral challenge. Conclustion This work presents a novel hollow CpG-NP formulation, demonstrating effective and long-lasting immunostimulatory ability ex vivo and in vivo for chickens, as systemically compared to free CpG. This enhanced immune stimulation benefits from high stability and controlled release of internal component of nanoparticles that improve cellular delivery, lymphoid organ targeting and sustainable DC activation. CpG-NP has broad application potential in antiviral and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yu Yao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ming Jack Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Nanotechnology and Infectious Diseases, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Nanotechnology and Infectious Diseases, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Immunomodulation of Avian Dendritic Cells under the Induction of Prebiotics. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040698. [PMID: 32316442 PMCID: PMC7222706 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dendritic cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns in chicken intestines and are part of the initial immune response. The immunoregulatory properties of prebiotics acting in several ways in poultry have been known for many years. According to their function, dendritic cells should play an indispensable role in the proven effects of prebiotics on the intestinal immune system, such as through activation of T and B cells and cytokine production. Currently, there are no studies concerning direct interactions in poultry between non-digestible feed components and dendritic cells. Whereas most in vitro experiments with chicken dendritic cells have studied their interactions with pathogens, in vitro studies are now needed to determine the impacts of prebiotics on the gastrointestinal dendritic cells themselves. The present lack of information in this area limits the development of effective feed additives for poultry production. The main purpose of this review is to explore ideas regarding potential mechanisms by which dendritic cells might harmonize the immune response after prebiotic supplementation and thereby provide a basis for future studies. Abstract Although the immunomodulatory properties of prebiotics were demonstrated many years ago in poultry, not all mechanisms of action are yet clear. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the main antigen-presenting cells orchestrating the immune response in the chicken gastrointestinal tract, and they are the first line of defense in the immune response. Despite the crucial role of DCs in prebiotic immunomodulatory properties, information is lacking about interaction between prebiotics and DCs in an avian model. Mannan-oligosaccharides, β-glucans, fructooligosaccharides, and chitosan-oligosaccharides are the main groups of prebiotics having immunomodulatory properties. Because pathogen-associated molecular patterns on these prebiotics are recognized by many receptors of DCs, prebiotics can mimic activation of DCs by pathogens. Short-chain fatty acids are products of prebiotic fermentation by microbiota, and their anti-inflammatory properties have also been demonstrated in DCs. This review summarizes current knowledge about avian DCs in the gastrointestinal tract, and for the first-time, their role in the immunomodulatory properties of prebiotics within an avian model.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zmrhal V, Slama P. Current knowledge about interactions between avian dendritic cells and poultry pathogens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:103565. [PMID: 31830703 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In poultry production conditions today, birds are surrounded by viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents. DCs are the main antigen-presenting cells located in tissues of the body, and their role involves recognizing antigen structures, engulfing and processing them, and subsequently presenting antigen peptides on their surface by major histocompatibility complex, where T cells and B cells are stimulated and can begin appropriate cellular and antibody immune response. This unique function indicates that these cells can be used in producing vaccines, but first it is necessary to culture DCs in vitro to identify the principles of their interactions with pathogens. The following review summarizes our current knowledge about avian dendritic cells and their interactions with pathogens. It provides a basis for future studies of these unique cells and their use in vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Zmrhal
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Paukszto L, Mikolajczyk A, Szeszko K, Smolinska N, Jastrzebski JP, Kaminski T. Transcription analysis of the response of the porcine adrenal cortex to a single subclinical dose of lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella Enteritidis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:1228-1245. [PMID: 31520703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial endotoxin which can participate in the induction of inflammatory responses. LPS may also play a significant role in some neurodegenerative, oncological and metabolic disorders. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of a subclinical low single dose of LPS from Salmonella Enteritidis administrated in vivo on the transcriptome of porcine adrenal cortex cells, especially gene expression levels, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) profiles, alternative splicing events and RNA editing sites using RNA-seq technology. The subclinical dose of LPS changed the expression of 354 genes, 27 lncRNA loci and other unclassified RNAs. An analysis of alternative splicing events revealed 104 genes with differentially expressed splice junction sites, and the single nucleotide variant calling approach supported the identification of 376 canonical RNA editing candidates and 7249 allele-specific expression variants. The obtained results suggest that the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, may play a more important role than the Toll-like signaling pathway after the administration of a subclinical dose of LPS. Single subclinical dose of LPS can affect the expression profiles of genes coding peptide hormones, steroidogenic enzymes and transcriptional factors, and modulate the endocrine functions of the gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anita Mikolajczyk
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jan P Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Monson MS, Van Goor AG, Ashwell CM, Persia ME, Rothschild MF, Schmidt CJ, Lamont SJ. Immunomodulatory effects of heat stress and lipopolysaccharide on the bursal transcriptome in two distinct chicken lines. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:643. [PMID: 30165812 PMCID: PMC6117931 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to heat stress suppresses poultry immune responses, which can increase susceptibility to infectious diseases and, thereby, intensify the negative effects of heat on poultry welfare and performance. Identifying genes and pathways that are affected by high temperatures, especially heat-induced changes in immune responses, could provide targets to improve disease resistance in chickens. This study utilized RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate transcriptome responses in the bursa of Fabricius, a primary immune tissue, after exposure to acute heat stress and/or subcutaneous immune stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a 2 × 2 factorial design: Thermoneutral + Saline, Heat + Saline, Thermoneutral + LPS and Heat + LPS. All treatments were investigated in two chicken lines: a relatively heat- and disease-resistant Fayoumi line and a more susceptible broiler line. Results Differential expression analysis determined that Heat + Saline had limited impact on gene expression (N = 1 or 63 genes) in broiler or Fayoumi bursa. However, Thermoneutral + LPS and Heat + LPS generated many expression changes in Fayoumi bursa (N = 368 and 804 genes). Thermoneutral + LPS was predicted to increase immune-related cell signaling and cell migration, while Heat + LPS would activate mortality-related functions and decrease expression in WNT signaling pathways. Further inter-treatment comparisons in the Fayoumi line revealed that heat stress prevented many of the expression changes caused by LPS. Although fewer significant expression changes were observed in the broiler bursa after exposure to Thermoneutral + LPS (N = 59 genes) or to Heat + LPS (N = 146 genes), both treatments were predicted to increase cell migration. Direct comparison between lines (broiler to Fayoumi) confirmed that each line had distinct responses to treatment. Conclusions Transcriptome analysis identified genes and pathways involved in bursal responses to heat stress and LPS and elucidated that these effects were greatest in the combined treatment. The interaction between heat and LPS was line dependent, with suppressive expression changes primarily in the Fayoumi line. Potential target genes, especially those involved in cell migration and immune signaling, can inform future research on heat stress in poultry and could prove useful for improving disease resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5033-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Monson
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael E Persia
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Max F Rothschild
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Carl J Schmidt
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang J, Kaiser MG, Deist MS, Gallardo RA, Bunn DA, Kelly TR, Dekkers JCM, Zhou H, Lamont SJ. Transcriptome Analysis in Spleen Reveals Differential Regulation of Response to Newcastle Disease Virus in Two Chicken Lines. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1278. [PMID: 29352240 PMCID: PMC5775430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing genetic resistance of chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) provides a promising way to improve poultry health, and to alleviate poverty and food insecurity in developing countries. In this study, two inbred chicken lines with different responses to NDV, Fayoumi and Leghorn, were challenged with LaSota NDV strain at 21 days of age. Through transcriptome analysis, gene expression in spleen at 2 and 6 days post-inoculation was compared between NDV-infected and control groups, as well as between chicken lines. At a false discovery rate <0.05, Fayoumi chickens, which are relatively more resistant to NDV, showed fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than Leghorn chickens. Several interferon-stimulated genes were identified as important DEGs regulating immune response to NDV in chicken. Pathways predicted by IPA analysis, such as "EIF-signaling", "actin cytoskeleton organization nitric oxide production" and "coagulation system" may contribute to resistance to NDV in Fayoumi chickens. The identified DEGs and predicted pathways may contribute to differential responses to NDV between the two chicken lines and provide potential targets for breeding chickens that are more resistant to NDV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Michael G Kaiser
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Melissa S Deist
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Rodrigo A Gallardo
- Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - David A Bunn
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Terra R Kelly
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Novel Mechanisms Revealed in the Trachea Transcriptome of Resistant and Susceptible Chicken Lines following Infection with Newcastle Disease Virus. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2017; 24:CVI.00027-17. [PMID: 28331077 PMCID: PMC5424241 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00027-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a devastating impact on poultry production in developing countries. This study examined the transcriptome of tracheal epithelial cells from two inbred chicken lines that differ in NDV susceptibility after challenge with a high-titer inoculum of lentogenic NDV. The Fayoumi line had a significantly lower NDV load postchallenge than the Leghorn line, demonstrating the Fayoumi line's classification as a relatively NDV-resistant breed. Examination of the trachea transcriptome showed a large increase in immune cell infiltration in the trachea in both lines at all times postinfection. The pathways conserved across lines and at all three time points postinfection included iCOS-iCOSL signaling in T helper cells, NF-κB signaling, the role of nuclear factor of activated T cells in the regulation of the immune response, calcium-induced T lymphocyte apoptosis, phospholipase C signaling, and CD28 signaling in T helper cells. Although shared pathways were seen in the Fayoumi and Leghorn lines, each line showed unique responses as well. The downregulation of collagen and the activation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 signaling in the Fayoumis relative to the Leghorns at 2 days postinfection may contribute to the resistance phenotype seen in the Fayoumis. This study provides a further understanding of host-pathogen interactions which could improve vaccine efficacy and, in combination with genome-wide association studies, has the potential to advance strategies for breeding chickens with enhanced resistance to NDV.
Collapse
|
19
|
Fleming DS, Koltes JE, Fritz-Waters ER, Rothschild MF, Schmidt CJ, Ashwell CM, Persia ME, Reecy JM, Lamont SJ. Single nucleotide variant discovery of highly inbred Leghorn and Fayoumi chicken breeds using pooled whole genome resequencing data reveals insights into phenotype differences. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:812. [PMID: 27760519 PMCID: PMC5070165 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Analyses of sequence variants of two distinct and highly inbred chicken lines allowed characterization of genomic variation that may be associated with phenotypic differences between breeds. These lines were the Leghorn, the major contributing breed to commercial white-egg production lines, and the Fayoumi, representative of an outbred indigenous and robust breed. Unique within- and between-line genetic diversity was used to define the genetic differences of the two breeds through the use of variant discovery and functional annotation. Results Downstream fixation test (FST) analysis and subsequent gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis elucidated major differences between the two lines. The genes with high FST values for both breeds were used to identify enriched gene ontology terms. Over-enriched GO annotations were uncovered for functions indicative of breed-related traits of pathogen resistance and reproductive ability for Fayoumi and Leghorn, respectively. Conclusions Variant analysis elucidated GO functions indicative of breed-predominant phenotypes related to genomic variation in the lines, showing a possible link between the genetic variants and breed traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3147-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - J E Koltes
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | | | | | | | - C M Ashwell
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - M E Persia
- Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - J M Reecy
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|