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Zhou SM, Lin FM, Mu CK, Wang CL, Zhou QC, Sun P, Yin F. Cellular localization and potential ligands of a novel scavenger receptor class B/CD36 protein homolog (Pt-SRB2) identified in the marine crab, Portunustrituberculatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109355. [PMID: 38168634 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The scavenger receptor class B family proteins (SRB) are multiligand membrane receptor proteins. Herein, a novel SRB homolog (Pt-SRB2) was identified in Portunus trituberculatus. The open reading frame of Pt-SRB2 was predicted to encode 520 amino acid residues comprising a typical CD36 domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Pt-SRB2 distinctly clustered with the SRB homologs of most crustaceans and Drosophila but was separate from all vertebrate CD36/SRB. Semi-quantitative and Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the abundance of Pt-SRB2 transcripts was the highest in hepatopancreas than in other tested tissues. Overexpressed Pt-SRB2 was distributed primarily in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of HEK293T or Drosophila Schneider 2 cells. In crab hemocytes, Pt-SRB2 was distributed primarily in the cell membrane by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, the immunofluorescence staining showed that green fluorescence signals were mainly located in the inner lumen membrane of the hepatopancreatic tubules. Moreover, solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that rPt-SRB2-L exhibited relative high affinity with lipopolysaccharides, and relative moderate binding affinity with lipoteichoic acid or peptidoglycan. Of note, rPt-SRB2-L showed high binding affinity with eicosapentaenoic acid among a series of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Taken together, this study provided valuable data for understanding the functions of the crab CD36/SRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Fang-Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chang-Kao Mu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chun-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qi-Cun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Sun D, Lv J, Li Y, Wu J, Liu P, Gao B. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Low-Salinity Stress in the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1518. [PMID: 38132344 PMCID: PMC10741082 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the main pathogenic bacteria of Portunus trituberculatus and causes mass mortality of P. trituberculatus in aquaculture. In addition, low-salinity stimulation makes P. trituberculatus more susceptible to V. parahaemolyticus infections. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of resistance to V. parahaemolyticus in P. trituberculatus, comparative transcriptomic analysis of blood cells stimulated by low salinity and V. parahaemolyticus was carried out in this study. Transcriptome sequencing of low-salinity stress and pathogen infection at different time points was completed using Illumina sequencing technology. A total of 5827, 6432, 5362 and 1784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in pathways related to ion transport and immunoregulation were found under low-salinity stress at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h compared with the control at 0 h. In contrast, 4854, 4814, 5535 and 6051 DEGs, which were significantly enriched in Toll and IMD signaling pathways, were found at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h compared with the control at 0 h under V. parahaemolyticus infection. Among them, 952 DEGs were shared in the two treatment groups, which were mainly involved in apoptosis and Hippo signaling pathway. Cluster analysis screened 103 genes that were differentially expressed in two factors that were negatively correlated, including immunoglobulin, leukocyte receptor cluster family, scavenger receptor, macroglobulin and other innate-immune-related genes. These results provide data support for the analysis of the mechanisms of immunity to V. parahaemolyticus under low-salinity stress in P. trituberculatus and help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which environmental factors affect immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Jianjian Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yukun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Jie Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Ping Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Baoquan Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.S.); (J.L.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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Zhao L, Niu J, Feng D, Wang X, Zhang R. Immune functions of pattern recognition receptors in Lepidoptera. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203061. [PMID: 37398667 PMCID: PMC10312389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), as the "sensors" in the immune response, play a prominent role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiating an effective defense response to pathogens in Lepidoptera. It is becoming increasingly clear that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) normally play a physiological role within cells; however, when exposed to extracellular, they may become "part-time" critical signals of the immune response. Based on research in recent years, we review herein typical PRRs of Lepidoptera, including peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), gram-negative binding protein (GNBP), β-1,3-glucan recognition protein (βGRP), C-type lectin (CTL), and scavenger receptor (SR). We also outline the ways in which DAMPs participate in the immune response and the correlation between PRRs and immune escape. Taken together, these findings suggest that the role of PRRs in insect innate immunity may be much greater than expected and that it is possible to recognize a broader range of signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan Niu
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Disong Feng
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xialu Wang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Liang Y, Bao M, Lang L, Wang L, Wang S, Chen CM, Chu KH, Wang L. Cloning, identification, and functional characterization of novel prophenoloxidases (ShproPO) from the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense in response to cadmium exposure and Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108565. [PMID: 36702328 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prophenoloxidase (proPO) is essential in the prophenoloxidase-activating system (proPO-AS) which is important for defense against foreign infection in crustaceans. However, most studies have focused on expression in the presence of a single pathogenic bacterium, and very few have addressed the presence of environmental contaminants simultaneously, such as cadmium (Cd) and Aeromonas hydrophila. Our study aimed to investigate the function of proPO in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense and the changes in its expression by Cd and infection of A. hydrophila. A novel proPO from the hemocytes of S. henanense (ShproPO) was found in this research, the full-length cDNA of ShproPO was 2620 bp of encoding a protein of 678 amino acids containing three typical hemocyanin domains. The ShproPO protein could be found in both the granular (GHc) and the semi-granular hemocytes (SGHc). The ShproPO mRNA was found to be abundantly expressed in hemocytes and could be influenced by A. hydrophila infection. These results indicate that ShproPO could be involved in the antibacterial process. Further research found that low concentrations of Cd could promote its expression after infection with A. hydrophila. Therefore, it was hypothesized that Cd disrupted the response of crabs to A. hydrophila infection. Subsequently, PO enzyme activity was found to be significantly reduced through in vivo RNA interference with ShproPO, and the results suggested that ShproPO is likely to be a key enzyme in the melanization response. Finally, ShproPO was found to significantly enhance the phagocytosis of A. hydrophila-infected hemocytes by in vitro recombination, confirming that ShproPO is involved in hemocyte-mediated melanization and phagocytosis. Our findings reveal completely new insight into the immunotoxicity of Cd and the immune function of ShproPO in S. henanense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Minnan Bao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lang Lang
- Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chien M Chen
- Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ka-Hou Chu
- School of Life Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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5
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Liu M, Ni H, Zhang X, Sun Q, Wu X, He J. Comparative transcriptomics reveals the immune dynamics during the molting cycle of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037739. [PMID: 36389847 PMCID: PMC9659622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Molting is one of the most important biological processes of crustacean species, and a number of molecular mechanisms facilitate this complex procedure. However, the understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying crustacean molting cycle remains very limited. This study performed transcriptome sequencing in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) during the four molting stages: post-molt (AB), inter-molt (C), pre-molt (D), and ecdysis (E). The results showed that there were 78,572 unigenes that were obtained in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of P. trituberculatus. Further analysis showed that 98 DEGs were involved in immunity response of hemolymph and hepatopancreas, and most of the DEGs participated in the process of signal transduction, pattern recognition proteins/receptors, and antioxidative enzymes system. Specifically, the key genes and pathway involved in signal transduction including the GPCR126, beta-integrin, integrin, three genes in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade (MAPKKK10, MAPKK4, and p38 MAPK), and four genes in Toll pathway (Toll-like receptor, cactus, pelle-like kinase, and NFIL3). For the pattern recognition proteins/receptors, the lowest expression level of 11 genes was found in the E stage, including C-type lectin receptor, C-type lectin domain family 6 member A and SRB3/C in the hemolymph, and hepatopancreatic lectin 4, C-type lectin, SRB, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule homolog, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule isoform, and A2M. Moreover, the expression level of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase isoform 4, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, peroxiredoxin, peroxiredoxin 6, and dual oxidase 2 in stage C or stage D significantly higher than that of stage E or stage AB. These results fill in the gap of the continuous transcriptional changes that are evident during the molting cycle of crab and further provided valuable information for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation during the molting cycle of crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Liu
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hongwei Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qiufeng Sun
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie He
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
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6
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Nan X, Jin X, Song Y, Zhou K, Qin Y, Wang Q, Li W. Effect of polystyrene nanoplastics on cell apoptosis, glucose metabolism, and antibacterial immunity of Eriocheir sinensis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119960. [PMID: 35973454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of plastic waste and nanoplastics on the water environment have become a focus of global attention in recent years. In the present study, using adult Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) as an animal model, the bioaccumulation and the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs), alone or in combination with the bacteria, were investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PS NPs on apoptosis and glucose metabolism in Chinese mitten crabs, and whether PS NPs could synergistically affect the antibacterial immunity of crabs. We observed that NPs were endocytosed by hemocytes, which are immune cells in crustaceans and are involved in innate immunity. The RNA sequencing data showed that after hemocytes endocytosed NPs, apoptosis and glucose metabolism-related gene expression was significantly induced, resulting in abnormal cell apoptosis and a glucose metabolism disorder. In addition, exposure to NPs resulted in changes in the antimicrobial immunity of crabs, including changes in antimicrobial peptide expression, survival, and bacterial clearance. In summary, NPs could be endocytosed by crab hemocytes, which adversely affected the cell apoptosis, glucose metabolism, and antibacterial immunity of Eriocheir sinensis. This study revealed the effects of NPs on crab immunity and lays the foundation for further exploration of the synergistic effect of NPs and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Xingkun Jin
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Yu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Kaimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yukai Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Qun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
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7
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Yang S, Zhang W. Systematic analysis of olfactory protein-protein interactions network of fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 110:e21882. [PMID: 35249240 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Olfaction is one of the physiological traits of insect behavior. Insects have evolved a sophisticated olfactory system and use a combined coding strategy to process general odor. Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model to reveal the molecular and cellular mechanisms of odor detection. Identifying new olfactory targets through complex interactions will contribute to a better understanding of the functions, interactions, and signaling pathways of olfactory proteins. However, the mechanism of D. melanogaster olfaction is still unclear, and more olfactory proteins are required to be discovered. In this study, we tried to explore essential proteins in the olfactory system of D. melanogaster and conduct protein-protein interactions (PPIs) analysis. We constructed the PPIs network of the olfactory system of D. melanogaster, consisting of 863 proteins and 18,959 interactions. Various methods were used to perform functional enrichment analysis, topological analysis and cluster analysis. Our results confirmed that Class B scavenger receptors (SR-Bs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play an essential role in olfaction of D. melanogaster. The proteins obtained in this study can be used for subsequent functional identification in D. melanogaster olfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shengzhen, China
| | - WenJun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Yao T, Lu J, Bai C, Xie Z, Ye L. The Enhanced Immune Protection in Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor Against a Secondary Infection With Vibrio harveyi. Front Immunol 2021; 12:685896. [PMID: 34295333 PMCID: PMC8290317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.685896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, more and more studies have shown that early pathogenic bacterial infection in invertebrates can enhance immunity and significantly reduce mortality when reinfected with the same pathogen. There are mechanisms to explain this phenomenon, but they are relatively few. In addition, dose-dependent primary infection is also associated with increased immunity. In the present study, the initial infection dose and mortality of abalone Haliotis diversicolor after reinfection with Vibrio harveyi were recorded, and the mechanism of immune enhancement was investigated by the transcriptomic response of abalone after two successive stimuli with V. harveyi. Priming with different concentrations of pathogen can enhance immunity; however, higher concentration is not always better. Compared with the first exposure, more genes were up-regulated after the second exposure. Among the commonly expressed genes, the immune related genes were significantly or persistently highly expressed after two infections and included pattern recognition receptors as well as immune effectors, such as toll-like receptors, perlucin 4, scavenger receptor class B-like protein, cytochrome P450 1B1-like, glutathione S-transferase 6, lysozyme and so on; in addition, these immune-related genes were mainly distributed in the pathways related to phagocytosis and calcium signaling. Among the specifically expressed genes, compared with the first infection, more genes were involved in the immune, metabolic and digestive pathways after the second infection, which would be more conducive to preventing the invasion of pathogens. This study outlined the mechanism of immune enhancement in abalone after secondary infection at the global molecular level, which is helpful for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of immune priming in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhilv Xie
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingtong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou LZ, Wang RJ, Yan YY, Zeng S, Zou Z, Lu Z. Scavenger receptor B1 mediates phagocytosis and the antimicrobial peptide pathway in the endoparasitic wasp Micropilits mediator. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104039. [PMID: 33549640 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Scavenger receptors (SRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the immune system. They are required for phagocytosis and act as co-receptors of Toll-like receptors to regulate immune signaling pathways in the fight against pathogens. Little is known about the function of SRs in insects. Here, we reported on a member of the SR family from the parasitic wasp Micropilits mediator (designated MmSR-B1) that is responsive to bacterial infection. The recombinant extracellular CD36 domain of MmSR-B1 produced in Escherichia coli cells is capable of binding to peptidoglycans and bacterial cells, causing agglutination of bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrated that double-stranded RNA-mediated knockdown of MmSR-B1 impedes hemocyte phagocytosis and downregulates the expression of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes defensins and hymenoptaecins. Knockdown of MmSR-B1 led to increased death of the wasps when challenged by bacteria. Our study suggests that MmSR-B1 mediates phagocytosis and the production of AMPs in M. mediator wasps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Rui-Juan Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - You-Ying Yan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shuocheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Zhang K, Hu X, Zhao Y, Pan G, Li C, Ji H, Li C, Yang L, Abbas MN, Cui H. Scavenger receptor B8 improves survivability by mediating innate immunity in silkworm, Bombyx mori. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:103917. [PMID: 33159959 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B (SR-B) is an extracellular transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a vital role in innate immunity. Although SR-Bs have been widely studied in vertebrates, their functions remained to elucidate in insects. Here, we identified and characterized a scavenger receptor class B member from the silkworm, Bombyx mori (designated as BmSCRB8). BmSCRB8 is broadly expressed in various immune tissues/organs, including fat body, gut, and hemocyte. Its expression is dramatically enhanced after challenge with different types of bacteria or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The recombinant BmSCRB8 protein can detect different types of bacteria by directly binding to PAMPs and significantly improve the bacterial clearance in vivo. After knockdown of BmSCRB8, the pathogenic bacterial clearance was strongly impaired, and several AMP genes were down-regulated following E. coli challenge. Moreover, pathogenic bacteria's treatment following the depletion of BmSCRB8 remarkably decreased silkworm larvae's survival rate. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BmSCRB8 acts as a pattern recognition protein and plays an essential role in silkworm innate immunity by enhancing bacterial clearance and contributing to the production of AMPs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangzhao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoyan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Changhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, 400715, Chongqing, China.
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Huang Y, Ren Q. Research progress in innate immunity of freshwater crustaceans. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:103569. [PMID: 31830502 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrates lack adaptive immunity and innate immunity plays important roles in combating foreign invasive pathogens. Freshwater crustaceans, which are invertebrates, depend completely on their innate immune system. In recent years, many immune-related molecules in freshwater crustaceans, as well as their functions, have been identified. Three main immune signaling pathways, namely, Toll, immune deficiency (IMD), and Janus kinase-signal transducer activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways, were found in freshwater crustaceans. A series of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll receptors, lectins, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan binding protein, scavenger receptors, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecules, and thioester-containing proteins, were reported. Prophenoloxidase activation system and antimicrobial peptide synthesis are two important immune effector systems. These components are involved in the innate immunity of freshwater crustaceans, and they function in the innate immune defense against invading pathogens. This review mainly summarizes innate immune signaling pathways, PRRs, and effector molecules in freshwater crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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