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Ramadan S, Su G, Baryal K, Hsieh-Wilson LC, Liu J, Huang X. Automated Solid Phase Assisted Synthesis of a Heparan Sulfate Disaccharide Library. Org Chem Front 2022; 9:2910-2920. [PMID: 36212917 PMCID: PMC9536483 DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00439a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) regulates a wide range of biological events, including blood coagulation, cancer development, cell differentiation, and viral infections. It is generally recognized that structures of HS can critically...
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Qaliobiya 13518, Egypt
| | - Guowei Su
- Glycan Therapeutics, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| | - Kedar Baryal
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Linda C Hsieh-Wilson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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2
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Dulaney SB, Huang X. Strategies in Synthesis of Heparin/Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides: 2000-Present. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2021; 80:121-164. [PMID: 34872655 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heparin and heparan sulfate are members of the glycosaminoglycan family that are involved in a multitude of biological processes. The great interests in the anticoagulant properties of heparin have stimulated major advances in synthetic strategies toward clinically effective analogues, as demonstrated importantly by the approval of the fully synthetic pentasaccharide fragment, termed fondaparinux (Arixtra®), of the heparin macromolecule for treatment of deep-vein thrombosis. Given the highly complex nature of heparin and heparan sulfate, the chemical synthesis of their components is a challenging endeavor. In the past decade, multiple approaches have been developed to improve the overall synthetic efficiency. New strategies have emerged that can generate libraries of oligosaccharide components of heparin and heparan sulfate. This article discusses recent developments in the assembly of heparin and heparan sulfate oligosaccharides and the associated challenges in their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven B Dulaney
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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3
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Yang W, Yoshida K, Yang B, Huang X. Obstacles and solutions for chemical synthesis of syndecan-3 (53-62) glycopeptides with two heparan sulfate chains. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:180-194. [PMID: 27810711 PMCID: PMC5110403 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans play critical roles in many biological events. Due to their structural complexities, strategies towards synthesis of this class of glycopeptides bearing well-defined glycan chains are urgently needed. In this work, we give the full account of the synthesis of syndecan-3 glycopeptide (53-62) containing two different heparan sulfate chains. For assembly of glycans, a convergent 3+2+3 approach was developed producing two different octasaccharide amino acid cassettes, which were utilized towards syndecan-3 glycopeptides. The glycopeptides presented many obstacles for post-glycosylation manipulation, peptide elongation, and deprotection. Following screening of multiple synthetic sequences, a successful strategy was finally established by constructing partially deprotected single glycan chain containing glycopeptides first, followed by coupling of the glycan-bearing fragments and cleavage of the acyl protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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4
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Yang W, Ramadan S, Yang B, Yoshida K, Huang X. Homoserine as an Aspartic Acid Precursor for Synthesis of Proteoglycan Glycopeptide Containing Aspartic Acid and a Sulfated Glycan Chain. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12052-12059. [PMID: 27809505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among many hurdles in synthesizing proteoglycan glycopeptides, one challenge is the incorporation of aspartic acid in the peptide backbone and acid sensitive O-sulfated glycan chains. To overcome this, a new strategy was developed utilizing homoserine as an aspartic acid precursor. The conversion of homoserine to aspartic acid in the glycopeptide was successfully accomplished by late stage oxidation using (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) and bis(acetoxy)iodobenzene (BAIB). This is the first time that a glycopeptide containing aspartic acid and an O-sulfated glycan was synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Sherif Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University , Benha, Qaliobiya 13518, Egypt
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
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5
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Zia F, Zia KM, Zuber M, Tabasum S, Rehman S. Heparin based polyurethanes: A state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 84:101-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Dulaney S, Xu Y, Wang P, Tiruchinapally G, Wang Z, Kathawa J, El-Dakdouki MH, Yang B, Liu J, Huang X. Divergent Synthesis of Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12265-79. [PMID: 26574650 PMCID: PMC4685427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfates are implicated in a wide range of biological processes. A major challenge in deciphering their structure and activity relationship is the synthetic difficulties to access diverse heparan sulfate oligosaccharides with well-defined sulfation patterns. In order to expedite the synthesis, a divergent synthetic strategy was developed. By integrating chemical synthesis and two types of O-sulfo transferases, seven different hexasaccharides were obtained from a single hexasaccharide precursor. This approach combined the flexibility of chemical synthesis with the selectivity of enzyme-catalyzed sulfations, thus simplifying the overall synthetic operations. In an attempt to establish structure activity relationships of heparan sulfate binding with its receptor, the synthesized oligosaccharides were incorporated onto a glycan microarray, and their bindings with a growth factor FGF-2 were examined. The unique combination of chemical and enzymatic approaches expanded the capability of oligosaccharide synthesis. In addition, the well-defined heparan sulfate structures helped shine light on the fine substrate specificities of biosynthetic enzymes and confirm the potential sequence of enzymatic reactions in biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven
B. Dulaney
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, UNC Eshelman School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Peng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Gopinath Tiruchinapally
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jolian Kathawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh 11072809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bo Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, UNC Eshelman School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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7
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Mohamed S, Ferro V. Synthetic Approaches to L-Iduronic Acid and L-Idose: Key Building Blocks for the Preparation of Glycosaminoglycan Oligosaccharides. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2015; 72:21-61. [PMID: 26613814 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
L-Iduronic acid (IdoA) is an important monosaccharide component of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparin, heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. GAGs are complex, highly sulfated polysaccharides that mediate a multitude of physiological and pathological processes via their interactions with a range of diverse proteins. The main challenge in the synthesis of GAG oligosaccharides is the efficient gram-scale preparation of IdoA building blocks since neither IdoA nor L-idose is commercially available or readily accessible from natural sources. In this review, the different synthetic approaches for the preparation of IdoA and its derivatives, including L-idose, are presented and discussed. Derivatives of the latter are often used in GAG synthesis and are elaborated to IdoA via selective oxidation at C-6 after incorporation into a GAG chain. Particular focus will be given to the preparation of IdoA synthons most commonly used for GAG oligosaccharide synthesis, and on the progress made since the last systematic review in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaza Mohamed
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vito Ferro
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Li J, Dai Y, Li W, Laval S, Xu P, Yu B. Effective Synthesis of α-d-GlcN-(1→4)-d-GlcA/l-IdoA Glycosidic Linkage under Gold(I) Catalysis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yuanwei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Stéphane Laval
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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9
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Tu Z, Liu PK, Wu MC, Lin CH. Expeditious Synthesis of Orthogonally Protected Saccharides through Consecutive Protection/Glycosylation Steps. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Driguez PA, Potier P, Trouilleux P. Synthetic oligosaccharides as active pharmaceutical ingredients: lessons learned from the full synthesis of one heparin derivative on a large scale. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:980-9. [PMID: 24705477 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to November 2013. Heparin and heparan sulfate are natural polysaccharides with strong structural variations, which are responsible for their numerous specific biological properties. One key target of heparin, among others, is antithrombin, a serine protease inhibitor that, upon activation, mainly targets anticoagulation factors IIa and Xa. It is well documented that inhibition of the latter is due to a specific pentasaccharidic sequence, its synthetic analog being the registered drug fondaparinux. The replacement of hydroxyls by methoxy groups, N-sulfates by O-sulfonates and the modulation of the sulfation pattern gave rise to both idraparinux and its neutralizable form, idrabiotaparinux, two pentasaccharides with a significantly increased half-life compared to fondaparinux. Although numerous efforts have been devoted to improving the chemoenzymatic preparation of heparin fragments, enzymes are usually selective for their natural substrates, which limits the generation of some specific non-natural structures. Up to now, total synthesis has proved to be a valuable approach for the preparation of tailor-made and pure saccharides in the milligram to gram scale. This highlight will focus on the synthesis and the technical challenges associated with the development and the production of complex carbohydrates which will be exemplified with idrabiotaparinux. Particular attention will be paid to the process improvements needed in order to implement the production in a pilot plant, achieving batch generation on a multi-kilogram scale with a purity higher than 99.5%, and with no unknown impurity over 0.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Driguez
- Sanofi R&D, Early to Candidate Unit, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin Cedex, France
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11
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Cai C, Dickinson D, Li L, Masuko S, Suflita M, Schultz V, Nelson SD, Bhaskar U, Liu J, Linhardt RJ. Fluorous-assisted chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparan sulfate oligosaccharides. Org Lett 2014; 16:2240-3. [PMID: 24697306 PMCID: PMC3998769 DOI: 10.1021/ol500738g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparan sulfate tetrasaccharide (1) and hexasaccharide (2) with a fluorous tag attached at the reducing end is reported. The fluorous tert-butyl dicarbonate ((F)Boc) tag did not interfere with enzymatic recognition for both elongation and specific sulfation, and flash purification was performed by standard fluorous solid-phase extraction (FSPE). Based on an (F)Boc attached disaccharide as acceptor, a series of partial N-sulfated, 6-O-sulfated heparan sulfate oligosaccharides were successfully synthesized employing fluorous techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cai
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Demetria
M. Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Sayaka Masuko
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Matt Suflita
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Victor Schultz
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Shawn D. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ujjwal Bhaskar
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, and Departments of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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12
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Tu Z, Hsieh HW, Tsai CM, Hsu CW, Wang SG, Wu KJ, Lin KI, Lin CH. Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfated Gal-β-1,3/4-GlcNAc Disaccharides through Consecutive Protection/Glycosylation Steps. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1536-50. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201201204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Correia-da-Silva M, Sousa E, Pinto MMM. Emerging sulfated flavonoids and other polyphenols as drugs: nature as an inspiration. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:223-79. [PMID: 23553315 DOI: 10.1002/med.21282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nature uses sulfation of endogenous and exogenous molecules mainly to avoid potential toxicity. The growing importance of natural sulfated molecules, as modulators of a number of physiological and pathological processes, has inspired the synthesis of non-natural sulfated scaffolds. Until the 1990s, the synthesis of sulfated small molecules was almost restricted to derivatives of flavonoids and aimed mainly at structure elucidation and plant biosynthesis studies. Currently, the synthesis of this type of compounds concerns structurally diverse scaffolds and is aimed at the development of potential drugs and/or exploitation of the biological effects of sulfated metabolites. Some important hit compounds are emerging from sulfated flavonoids and other polyphenols mainly as anticoagulant and antiviral agents. When compared with polymeric macromolecules such as heparins, sulfated small molecules could be of value in therapeutics due to their hydrophobic nature that can contribute to improve the bioavailability. This review highlights the synthetic approaches that were applied to obtain monosulfated or polysulfated phenolic small molecules and compiles the diverse biological activities already reported for this type of derivatives. Toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters of this emerging class of derivatives will also be considered, emphasizing their value for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Yang B, Yoshida K, Yin Z, Dai H, Kavunja H, El-Dakdouki MH, Sungsuwan S, Dulaney SB, Huang X. Chemical synthesis of a heparan sulfate glycopeptide: syndecan-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10185-9. [PMID: 22961711 PMCID: PMC3517022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The highly complex structure of syndecan-1 heparan sulfate glycopeptide was successfully assembled. The protective groups utilized and sequences for glycosyl linkage formation and protective group removal are critical for the success of synthesis. This is the first time this type of sulfated glycopeptides has been prepared, which lays the foundation to access other members of this important class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Zhaojun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Hang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Herbert Kavunja
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Suttipun Sungsuwan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Steven B. Dulaney
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (USA), Fax: (+1) 517-353-1793
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15
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Yang B, Yoshida K, Yin Z, Dai H, Kavunja H, El-Dakdouki MH, Sungsuwan S, Dulaney SB, Huang X. Chemical Synthesis of a Heparan Sulfate Glycopeptide: Syndecan-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the next generation of ultralow MW heparin therapeutics. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:289-96. [PMID: 22393937 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.11.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparin, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is a widely used injectable anticoagulant. This polysaccharide is a natural product extracted from porcine intestinal tissue. A specific pentasaccharide sequence is responsible for heparin's high affinity towards anti-thrombin III, which undergoes a conformational change and, as a result, inhibits the blood coagulation Factor Xa, a critical serine protease at the convergence on the intrinsic and extrinsic activation pathway of the coagulation cascade. Due to its structural complexity and heterogeneity, the synthesis of the anti-thrombin III-binding sequence of heparin has been limited to a few approaches. The heparin contamination crisis in 2007 has motivated the development of alternative methods for the efficient preparation of safe heparin products. In this article, we discuss the current methods and recent advances in heparin and low MW heparin syntheses and the recent successful chemoenzymatic preparation of ultralow MW heparins.
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17
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Dulaney SB, Huang X. Strategies in synthesis of heparin/heparan sulfate oligosaccharides: 2000-present. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2012; 67:95-136. [PMID: 22794183 PMCID: PMC3646295 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396527-1.00003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven B Dulaney
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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18
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Correia-da-Silva M, Sousa E, Duarte B, Marques F, Carvalho F, Cunha-Ribeiro LM, Pinto MMM. Polysulfated xanthones: multipathway development of a new generation of dual anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents. J Med Chem 2011; 54:5373-84. [PMID: 21732671 DOI: 10.1021/jm2006589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A multipathway strategy was used to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antithrombotic effects of a new synthetic family of sulfated small molecules. Polysulfated xanthonosides showed highly effective anticoagulation effects in vitro, both in plasma (clotting times) and in whole human blood (thromboelastography), as well as in vivo (ip administration, mice). Physicochemical properties were assessed for mangiferin heptasulfate (7), which showed high solubility and stability in water and in human plasma and no putative hepatotoxicity in vivo. Mangiferin heptasulfate (7) was found to be a direct inhibitor of FXa, while persulfated 3,6-(O-β-glucopyranosyl)xanthone (13) acted as a dual inhibitor of FXa (directly and by antithrombin III activation). By impedance aggregometry, compounds 7 and 13 exhibited the antiplatelet effect by inhibition of both arachidonic acid and ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Dual anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents, such as sulfated xanthonosides 7 and 13, are expected to lead to a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of both venous and arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Centro de Química Medicinal, Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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De novo synthesis of differentially protected l-iduronic acid glycosylating agents. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:948-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Codée JDC, Christina AE, Walvoort MTC, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA. Uronic acids in oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 301:253-89. [PMID: 21222193 DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter describes the assembly of uronic acid containing oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Two strategies are available to access these target molecules, namely a pre-glycosylation oxidation approach, in which uronic acid building blocks are used, and a post-glycosylation oxidation strategy, which employs an oxidation step after the assembly of the oligosaccharide chain. Because uronic acid building blocks are generally considered to be less reactive than their non-oxidized counterparts, the latter approach has found most application in carbohydrate synthesis. With the aid of selected examples of recent syntheses of biologically relevant oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, the reactivity of different uronic acid building blocks is evaluated. From these examples it is apparent that the generally assumed low reactivity of uronic acids does not a priori rule out an efficient assembly of these target compounds. Besides influencing the reactivity of a given pyranoside, the C-5 carboxylic acid function can also have a profound effect on the stereochemical course of a glycosylation reaction, which can be exploited in the stereoselective formation of glycosidic bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen D C Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Arungundram S, Al-Mafraji K, Asong J, Leach FE, Amster IJ, Venot A, Turnbull JE, Boons GJ. Modular synthesis of heparan sulfate oligosaccharides for structure-activity relationship studies. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:17394-405. [PMID: 19904943 PMCID: PMC2820250 DOI: 10.1021/ja907358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although hundreds of heparan sulfate binding proteins have been identified and implicated in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes, very little information is known about the ligand requirements for binding and mediating biological activities by these proteins. This difficulty results from a lack of technology for establishing structure-activity relationships, which in turn is due to the structural complexity of natural heparan sulfate (HS) and difficulties of preparing well-defined HS oligosaccharides. To address this deficiency, we developed a modular approach for the parallel combinatorial synthesis of HS oligosaccharides that utilizes a relatively small number of selectively protected disaccharide building blocks, which can easily be converted into glycosyl donors and acceptors. The utility of the modular building blocks has been demonstrated by the preparation of a library of 12 oligosaccharides, which has been employed to probe the structural features of HS for inhibiting the protease, BACE-1. The complex variations in activity with structural changes support the view that important functional information is embedded in HS sequences. Furthermore, the most active derivative provides an attractive lead compound for the preparation of more potent compounds, which may find use as a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailaja Arungundram
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, Tel: (+1) 706-542-916
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, GA 30602-2556
| | - Kanar Al-Mafraji
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, Tel: (+1) 706-542-916
| | - Jinkeng Asong
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, Tel: (+1) 706-542-916
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, GA 30602-2556
| | - Franklin E. Leach
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, GA 30602-2556
| | - I. Jonathan Amster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, GA 30602-2556
| | - Andre Venot
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, Tel: (+1) 706-542-916
| | - Jeremy E. Turnbull
- Center for Glycobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, Tel: (+1) 706-542-916
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, GA 30602-2556
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Gandhi NS, Mancera RL. The Structure of Glycosaminoglycans and their Interactions with Proteins. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 72:455-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 703] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Tatai J, Fügedi P. Synthesis of the putative minimal FGF binding motif heparan sulfate trisaccharides by an orthogonal protecting group strategy. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Tatai J, Osztrovszky G, Kajtár-Peredy M, Fügedi P. An efficient synthesis of l-idose and l-iduronic acid thioglycosides and their use for the synthesis of heparin oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:596-606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Revised: 12/16/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gemma E, Meyer O, Uhrín D, Hulme AN. Enabling methodology for the end functionalisation of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:481-95. [DOI: 10.1039/b801666f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bindschädler P, Noti C, Castagnetti E, Seeberger P. Synthesis of a Potential 10E4 Tetrasaccharide Antigen Involved in Scrapie Pathogenesis. Helv Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200690234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hamza D, Lucas R, Feizi T, Chai W, Bonnaffé D, Lubineau A. First Synthesis of Heparan Sulfate Tetrasaccharides Containing both N-Acetylated and N-Unsubstituted Glucosamine-Search for Putative 10E4 Epitopes. Chembiochem 2006; 7:1856-8. [PMID: 17051654 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hamza
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, Equipe de Glycochimie Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, UMR CNRS-UPS 8182, Université Paris Sud 11, Bât. 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Noti C, Seeberger PH. Chemical Approaches to Define the Structure-Activity Relationship of Heparin-like Glycosaminoglycans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 12:731-56. [PMID: 16039522 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 05/05/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heparin, the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders, has been shown to interact with many proteins. Despite its widespread medical use, little is known about the precise sequences that interact with specific proteins. The minimum heparin binding sequence for FGF1 and FGF2 necessary to promote signaling was investigated. A characteristic pentasaccharide sequence, DEFGH, is required to accelerate the inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa in the blood-coagulation cascade. The first synthetic heparin pentasaccharide drug has been approved in Europe and the US and is sold under the trade name Arixtra. Other oligosaccharides with different composition are under clinical investigation. The enormous interest in the assembly of heparin oligosaccharides will stimulate the development of new synthetic approaches. Heparin-oligosaccharide-synthesis automation similar to that of DNA or peptide synthesis will play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Noti
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, HCI F315, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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