1
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Hailstock T, Dai C, Aquino J, Walker KE, Chick S, Manirarora JN, Suresh R, Patil V, Renukaradhya GJ, Sullivan YB, LaBresh J, Lunney JK. Production and characterization of anti-porcine CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies. Cytokine 2024; 174:156449. [PMID: 38141459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Research on C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) has been widely reported for humans and select animal species, yet immune reagents are limited for pig chemokines. Our goal is to provide veterinary immunologists and the biomedical community with new commercial immune reagents and standardized assays. Recombinant porcine CXCL10 (rPoCXCL10) protein was produced by yeast expression and used to generate a panel of α CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). All mAbs were assessed for cross-inhibition and reactivity to orthologous yeast expressed CXCL10 proteins. Characterization of a panel of nine α PoCXCL10 mAbs identified six distinct antigenic determinants. A sensitive quantitative sandwich ELISA was developed with anti-PoCXCL10-1.6 and -1.9 mAb; reactivity was verified with both rPoCXCL10 and native PoCXCL10, detected in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with rPoIFNγ or PMA/Ionomycin. Immunostaining of in vitro rPoIFNγ stimulated pig spleen and blood cells verified CXCL10 + cells as CD3-CD4-CD172+, with occasional CD3-CD4 + CD172 + subsets. Comparison studies determined that α PoCXCL10-1.4 mAb was the ideal mAb clone for intracellular staining, whereas with α PoCXCL10-1.1 and -1.2 mAbs were best for immunohistochemistry analyses. These techniques and tools will be useful for evaluating swine immune development, responses to infectious diseases and vaccines, as well as for improving utility of pigs as an important biomedical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hailstock
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jovan Aquino
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Kristen E Walker
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Chick
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Jean N Manirarora
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Raksha Suresh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Joan K Lunney
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA.
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2
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Wang Y, Tiruthani K, Li S, Hu M, Zhong G, Tang Y, Roy S, Zhang L, Tan J, Liao C, Liu R. mRNA Delivery of a Bispecific Single-Domain Antibody to Polarize Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Synergize Immunotherapy against Liver Malignancies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007603. [PMID: 33945178 PMCID: PMC8240965 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver malignancies are among the tumor types that are resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly enriched and play a major role in inducing immunosuppression in liver malignancies. Herein, CCL2 and CCL5 are screened as two major chemokines responsible for attracting TAM infiltration and inducing their polarization toward cancer-promoting M2-phenotype. To reverse this immunosuppressive process, an innovative single-domain antibody that bispecifically binds and neutralizes CCL2 and CCL5 (BisCCL2/5i) with high potency and specificity is directly evolved. mRNA encoding BisCCL2/5i is encapsulated in a clinically approved lipid nanoparticle platform, resulting in a liver-homing biomaterial that allows transient yet efficient expression of BisCCL2/5i in the diseased organ in a multiple dosage manner. This BisCCL2/5i mRNA nanoplatform significantly induces the polarization of TAMs toward the antitumoral M1 phenotype and reduces immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. The combination of BisCCL2/5i with PD-1 ligand inhibitor (PD-Li) achieves long-term survival in mouse models of primary liver cancer and liver metastasis of colorectal and pancreatic cancers. The work provides an effective bispecific targeting strategy that could broaden the PD-Li therapy to multiple types of malignancies in the human liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Karthik Tiruthani
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sirui Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mengying Hu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Guojie Zhong
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yu Tang
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lillian Zhang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, P.R. China
| | - Chengheng Liao
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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3
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Jiang BC, Liu T, Gao YJ. Chemokines in chronic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 212:107581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4
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An S, Tiruthani K, Wang Y, Xu L, Hu M, Li J, Song W, Jiang H, Sun J, Liu R, Huang L. Locally Trapping the C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 7 by Gene Delivery Nanoparticle Inhibits Lymphatic Metastasis Prior to Tumor Resection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805182. [PMID: 30690891 PMCID: PMC6878664 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. Currently, no targeted treatment is available for TNBC, and the most common clinical therapy is tumor resection, which often promotes metastasis risks. Strong evidence suggests that the lymphatic metastasis is mediated by the C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7)/C-C motif chemokine ligand 21 crosstalk between tumor cells and the lymphatic system. It is hypothesized that CCR7 is a key immune modulator in the tumor microenvironment and the local blockade of CCR7 could effectively inhibit TNBC lymphatic metastasis. Accordingly, a plasmid encoding an antagonistic CCR7 affinity protein-CCR7 trap is delivered by tumor targeting nanoparticles in a highly metastatic 4T1 TNBC mouse model. Results show that CCR7 traps are transiently expressed, locally disrupt the signaling pathways in the tumor site, and efficiently inhibit TNBC lymphatic metastasis, without inducing immunosuppression as observed in systemic therapies using CCR7 monoclonal antibody. Significantly, upon applying CCR7 trap therapy prior to tumor resection, a 4T1 TNBC mouse model shows good prognosis without any further metastasis and relapse. In addition, CCR7 trap therapy efficiently inhibits the lymphatic metastasis in a B16F10 melanoma mouse model, indicating its great potential for various metastatic diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai An
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Karthik Tiruthani
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ligeng Xu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mengying Hu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wantong Song
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hongnan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Jirui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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5
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Zhu Y, Gao X, Yang J, Xu D, Zhang Y, Lu M, Zhang Z, Sheng Y, Li J, Yu X, Zheng Y, Dong Q, Qin L. C-C chemokine receptor type 1 mediates osteopontin-promoted metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:710-723. [PMID: 29285854 PMCID: PMC5834777 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment, chemokine receptors play a critical role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Our previous studies have found that osteopontin (OPN) is a promoter for HCC metastasis. However, the role of chemokine receptors in OPN-induced HCC metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that OPN is dramatically elevated in HCC tissues with metastasis and that high expression of OPN correlates with poorer overall survival and higher recurrence rate. OPN upregulates chemokine receptor expression, migration, invasion and pulmonary metastasis in HCC. We find that C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CXCR6) are the most upregulated chemokine receptors induced by OPN. CCR1 knockdown results in reduction of migration, invasion and pulmonary metastasis induced by OPN in vitro and in vivo, whereas CXCR6 knockdown does not reverse OPN-promoted migration and invasion. Moreover, OPN upregulates the expression of CCR1 through activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in HCC cells. Furthermore, blockade of OPN-CCR1 axis with CCR1 antagonist significantly restrains the promoting effects of OPN on HCC progression and metastasis. In human HCC tissues, OPN expression shows significantly positive correlation with CCR1 expression, and the patients with high levels of both OPN and CCR1 have the most dismal prognosis. Collectively, our results indicate that the OPN-CCR1 axis in HCC is important for accelerating tumor metastasis and that CCR1 is a potential therapeutic target for controlling metastasis in HCC patients with high OPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Mei Gao
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Da Xu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Sheng
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian‐Hua Li
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin‐Xin Yu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiong‐Zhu Dong
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lun‐Xiu Qin
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institutes of Cancer MetastasisFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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6
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Robert R, Ang C, Sun G, Juglair L, Lim EX, Mason LJ, Payne NL, Bernard CC, Mackay CR. Essential role for CCR6 in certain inflammatory diseases demonstrated using specific antagonist and knockin mice. JCI Insight 2017; 2:94821. [PMID: 28768901 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR6 marks subsets of T cells and innate lymphoid cells that produce IL-17 and IL-22, and as such may play a role in the recruitment of these cells to certain inflammatory sites. However, the precise role of CCR6 has been controversial, in part because no effective monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibitors against this receptor exist for use in mouse models of inflammation. We circumvented this problem using transgenic mice expressing human CCR6 (hCCR6) under control of its native promoter (hCCR6-Tg/mCCR6-/-). We also developed a fully humanized mAb against hCCR6 with antagonistic activity. The expression pattern of hCCR6 in hCCR6-Tg/mCCR6-/- mice was consistent with the pattern observed in humans. In mouse models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and psoriasis, treatment with anti-hCCR6 mAb was remarkably effective in both preventive and therapeutic regimens. For instance, in the imiquimod model of psoriasis, anti-CCR6 completely abolished all signs of inflammation. Moreover, anti-hCCR6 attenuated clinical symptoms of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced (MOG-induced) EAE and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells in the central nervous system. CCR6 plays a critical role in Th17 type inflammatory reactions, and CCR6 inhibition may offer an alternative approach for the treatment of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Robert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Caroline Ang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Guizhi Sun
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laurent Juglair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ee X Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Linda J Mason
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Natalie L Payne
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claude Ca Bernard
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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7
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Bonvin P, Gueneau F, Buatois V, Charreton-Galby M, Lasch S, Messmer M, Christen U, Luster AD, Johnson Z, Ferlin W, Kosco-Vilbois M, Proudfoot A, Fischer N. Antibody Neutralization of CXCL10 in Vivo Is Dependent on Binding to Free and Not Endothelial-bound Chemokine: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF A NEW GENERATION OF ANTI-CHEMOKINE THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4185-4197. [PMID: 28154179 PMCID: PMC5354510 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.745877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve our understanding of properties that confer successful inhibition of chemokines in vivo, we analyzed anti-murine CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) having different characteristics. 1B6 displayed potent inhibition of cell recruitment in vitro with an IC50 of 0.5 nm but demonstrated little efficacy in various animal models of human disease. On the contrary, 1F11 showed efficacy in several models of inflammation yet was less potent at inhibiting chemotaxis in vitro with an IC50 of 21 nm Furthermore, we observed that 1B6 displayed a rapid dose-dependent clearance (t½ 10-60 h) in contrast to 1F11, which presented a dose-proportional pharmacokinetic profile and a half-life of 12 days. Moreover, 1B6 recognized glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-bound CXCL10, resulting in target-mediated clearance, which was corroborated using CXCL10-deficient mice. In contrast to 1B6, 1F11 inhibited the interaction of CXCL10 with GAGs, did not recognize GAG-bound CXCL10, and did not display target-mediated drug disposition. Confirming previous animal studies, 1B6 was poor at reversing glycemia in a model of type 1 diabetes, whereas 1F11 induced early and prolonged control of diabetes. Furthermore, when using 1A4, a subsequently generated anti-mCXCL10 mAb that shares the property with 1F11 of being unable to recognize CXCL10 immobilized on GAG, we observed a similar superior control of diabetes as compared with 1B6. We therefore concluded that targeting chemokines with antibodies such as 1B6 that recognize the more abundant GAG-bound form of the chemokine may not be the optimal strategy to achieve disease control.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL10/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CXCL10/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Cricetinae
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bonvin
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Franck Gueneau
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Buatois
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maud Charreton-Galby
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stanley Lasch
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Marie Messmer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Urs Christen
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Andrew D Luster
- the Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Zoë Johnson
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Walter Ferlin
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Kosco-Vilbois
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Proudfoot
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fischer
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland,
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8
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Stone MJ, Hayward JA, Huang C, E Huma Z, Sanchez J. Mechanisms of Regulation of the Chemokine-Receptor Network. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E342. [PMID: 28178200 PMCID: PMC5343877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of chemokines with their G protein-coupled receptors promote the migration of leukocytes during normal immune function and as a key aspect of the inflammatory response to tissue injury or infection. This review summarizes the major cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which the interactions of chemokines with chemokine receptors are regulated, including: selective and competitive binding interactions; genetic polymorphisms; mRNA splice variation; variation of expression, degradation and localization; down-regulation by atypical (decoy) receptors; interactions with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans; post-translational modifications; oligomerization; alternative signaling responses; and binding to natural or pharmacological inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Stone
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Jenni A Hayward
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Zil E Huma
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Julie Sanchez
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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9
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Martin AJ, Clark M, Gojanovich G, Manzoor F, Miller K, Kline DE, Morillon YM, Wang B, Tisch R. Anti-coreceptor therapy drives selective T cell egress by suppressing inflammation-dependent chemotactic cues. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e87636. [PMID: 27777971 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.87636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There continues to be a need for immunotherapies to treat type 1 diabetes in the clinic. We previously reported that nondepleting anti-CD4 and -CD8 Ab treatment effectively reverses diabetes in new-onset NOD mice. A key feature of the induction of remission is the egress of the majority of islet-resident T cells. How this occurs is undefined. Herein, the effects of coreceptor therapy on islet T cell retention were investigated. Bivalent Ab binding to CD4 and CD8 blocked TCR signaling and T cell cytokine production, while indirectly downregulating islet chemokine expression. These processes were required for T cell retention, as ectopic IFN-γ or CXCL10 inhibited Ab-mediated T cell purging. Importantly, treatment of humanized mice with nondepleting anti-human CD4 and CD8 Ab similarly reduced tissue-infiltrating human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These findings demonstrate that Ab binding of CD4 and CD8 interrupts a feed-forward circuit by suppressing T cell-produced cytokines needed for expression of chemotactic cues, leading to rapid T cell egress from the islets. Coreceptor therapy therefore offers a robust approach to suppress T cell-mediated pathology by purging T cells in an inflammation-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Precision BioSciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gregory Gojanovich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fatima Manzoor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Keith Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio, USA
| | - Douglas E Kline
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Committee on Immunology and Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Y Maurice Morillon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roland Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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10
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van der Woning B, De Boeck G, Blanchetot C, Bobkov V, Klarenbeek A, Saunders M, Waelbroeck M, Laeremans T, Steyaert J, Hultberg A, De Haard H. DNA immunization combined with scFv phage display identifies antagonistic GCGR specific antibodies and reveals new epitopes on the small extracellular loops. MAbs 2016; 8:1126-35. [PMID: 27211075 PMCID: PMC4968103 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1189050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of functional monoclonal antibodies directed against G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) is challenging because of the membrane-embedded topology of these molecules. Here, we report the successful combination of llama DNA immunization with scFv-phage display and selections using virus-like particles (VLP) and the recombinant extracellular domain of the GPCR glucagon receptor (GCGR), resulting in glucagon receptor-specific antagonistic antibodies. By immunizing outbred llamas with plasmid DNA containing the human GCGR gene, we sought to provoke their immune system, which generated a high IgG1 response. Phage selections on VLPs allowed the identification of mAbs against the extracellular loop regions (ECL) of GCGR, in addition to multiple VH families interacting with the extracellular domain (ECD) of GCGR. Identifying mAbs binding to the ECL regions of GCGR is challenging because the large ECD covers the small ECLs in the energetically most favorable 'closed conformation' of GCGR. Comparison of Fab with scFv-phage display demonstrated that the multivalent nature of scFv display is essential for the identification of GCGR specific clones by selections on VLPs because of avid interaction. Ten different VH families that bound 5 different epitopes on the ECD of GCGR were derived from only 2 DNA-immunized llamas. Seven VH families demonstrated interference with glucagon-mediated cAMP increase. This combination of technologies proved applicable in identifying multiple functional binders in the class B GPCR context, suggesting it is a robust approach for tackling difficult membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vladimir Bobkov
- Argenx BVBA, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- AIMMS, Division Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Klarenbeek
- Dept. of Cell Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Jan Steyaert
- Confotherapeutics, Brussels, Belgium
- VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Dorgham K, Dejou C, Piesse C, Gorochov G, Pène J, Yssel H. Identification of the Single Immunodominant Region of the Native Human CC Chemokine Receptor 6 Recognized by Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157740. [PMID: 27336468 PMCID: PMC4919008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play an important role in cell trafficking and recruitment. The CCR6 chemokine receptor, selectively expressed on leukocyte populations, has been shown to play a deleterious role in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases and, as such, may constitute a prime target in the development of immunotherapeutic treatment. However, to date no neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for this chemokine receptor have been reported, whereas information on small molecules capable of interfering with the interaction of CCR6 and its ligands is scant. Here, we report the failure to generate neutralizing mouse mAbs specific for human (hu)CCR6. Immunization of mice with peptides mimicking extracellular domains, potentially involved in CCR6 function, failed to induce Abs reactive with the native receptor. Although the use of NIH-3T3 cells expressing huCCR6 resulted in the isolation of mAbs specific for this receptor, they were not able to block the interaction between huCCR6 and huCCL20. Investigation of the anti-huCCR6 mAbs generated in the present study, as well as those commercially available, show that all mAbs invariably recognize a unique, non-neutralizing, immunodominant region in the first part of its N-terminal domain. Together, these results indicate that the generation of potential neutralizing anti-huCCR6 mAbs in the mouse is unlikely to succeed and that alternative techniques, such as the use of other animal species for immunization, might constitute a better approach to generate such a potentially therapeutic tool for the treatment of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1135, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Dejou
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie, F-34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Piesse
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS-FR 3631, Service de Synthèse Peptidique, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1135, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), F-75013, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département d’Immunologie, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Pène
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Inserm U1183, F-34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Hans Yssel
- Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1135, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), F-75013, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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12
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Qidwai T. Chemokine genetic polymorphism in human health and disease. Immunol Lett 2016; 176:128-38. [PMID: 27262929 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptor-ligand interaction regulates transmigration of lymphocytes and monocytes from circulation to the inflammatory sites. CC chemokine receptors, chemokine receptor 2(CCR2) and 5 (CCR5) are important in recruitment of immune cells as well as non-immune cells under pathological condition. CCR2, CCR5 and their ligands (CCL2 and CCL5) are major contributor to the autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and cancer. Currently studies are being done to explore genetic variations in chemokine genes and their involvement in diseases that could make clear disease severity and deaths. Conflicting results of studies in different populations and diseases promoted to investigate chemokines genetic polymorphisms in miscellaneous diseases. This study is aimed to evaluate the influence of chemokines genetic polymorphisms in pathogenesis and outcome of prevalent non infectious diseases. Present study demonstrates the likely role played by genetic variations in drug response and evolution. Moreover this study highlights chemokine as therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabish Qidwai
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India.
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13
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Mo XM, Sun HX. The Anti-inflammatory Effect of the CXCR4 Antagonist-N15P Peptide and Its Modulation on Inflammation-Associated Mediators in LPS-Induced PBMC. Inflammation 2016; 38:1374-83. [PMID: 25676435 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation was the important pathological process of many disease developments, but current therapeutic means for inflammatory diseases are not satisfactory. Chemokines and their receptors represent valuable targets for anti-inflammatory drug discovery. The N15P polypeptide (sequence: LGASWHRPDKCCLGY) is independently developed by our research group, it is a new CXCR4 antagonist drug derived from viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II (vMIP-II). This study aims to clarify the anti-inflammatory potency of N15P polypeptide on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of N15P polypeptide by the LPS-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) model and measured the level of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-8, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and Akt). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of inflammatory factors were analyzed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) microarray analysis, and the production of inflammatory factors was measured further by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. The results showed that the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, NF-κB, COX-2, TLR4, MyD88, PI3K, and Akt) was downregulated by N15P peptide, suggesting that N15P peptide has a strong inhibitory effect on the inflammatory responses induced by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-mei Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China,
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14
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Abstract
Chemokine receptors are involved in various pathologies such as inflammatory diseases, cancer, and HIV infection. Small molecule and antibody-based antagonists have been developed to inhibit chemokine-induced receptor activity. Currently two small molecule inhibitors targeting CXCR4 and CCR5 are on the market for stem cell mobilization and the treatment of HIV infection, respectively. Antibody fragments (e.g., nanobodies) targeting chemokine receptors are primarily orthosteric ligands, competing for the chemokine binding site. This is opposed by most small molecules, which act as allosteric modulators and bind to the receptor at a topographically distinct site as compared to chemokines. Allosteric modulators can be distinguished from orthosteric ligands by unique features, such as a saturable effect and probe dependency. For successful drug development, it is essential to determine pharmacological parameters (i.e., affinity, potency, and efficacy) and the mode of action of potential drugs during early stages of research in order to predict the biological effect of chemokine receptor targeting drugs in the clinic. This chapter explains how the pharmacological profile of chemokine receptor targeting ligands can be determined and quantified using binding and functional experiments.
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15
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Kreuger J, Phillipson M. Targeting vascular and leukocyte communication in angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 15:125-42. [PMID: 26612664 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2015.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of vascular permeability, recruitment of leukocytes from blood to tissue and angiogenesis are all processes that occur at the level of the microvasculature during both physiological and pathological conditions. The interplay between microvascular cells and leukocytes during inflammation, together with the emerging roles of leukocytes in the modulation of the angiogenic process, make leukocyte-vascular interactions prime targets for therapeutics to potentially treat a wide range of diseases, including pathological and dysfunctional vessel growth, chronic inflammation and fibrosis. In this Review, we discuss how the different cell types that are present in and around microvessels interact, cooperate and instruct each other, and in this context we highlight drug targets as well as emerging druggable processes that can be exploited to restore tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Kreuger
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 75123, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 75123, Sweden
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16
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Wang GZ, Cheng X, Zhou B, Wen ZS, Huang YC, Chen HB, Li GF, Huang ZL, Zhou YC, Feng L, Wei MM, Qu LW, Cao Y, Zhou GB. The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution. eLife 2015; 4:e09419. [PMID: 26565418 PMCID: PMC4764582 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 90% of lung cancers are caused by cigarette smoke and air pollution, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as key carcinogens. In Xuanwei City of Yunnan Province, the lung cancer incidence is among the highest in China, attributed to smoky coal combustion-generated PAH pollution. Here, we screened for abnormal inflammatory factors in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) from Xuanwei and control regions (CR) where smoky coal was not used, and found that a chemokine CXCL13 was overexpressed in 63/70 (90%) of Xuanwei NSCLCs and 44/71 (62%) of smoker and 27/60 (45%) of non-smoker CR patients. CXCL13 overexpression was associated with the region Xuanwei and cigarette smoke. The key carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) induced CXCL13 production in lung epithelial cells and in mice prior to development of detectable lung cancer. Deficiency in Cxcl13 or its receptor, Cxcr5, significantly attenuated BaP-induced lung cancer in mice, demonstrating CXCL13's critical role in PAH-induced lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hao-Bin Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Qu Jing City, Qu Jing, China
| | - Gao-Feng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Chun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Wei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Wang GZ, Cheng X, Li XC, Liu YQ, Wang XQ, Shi X, Wang ZY, Guo YQ, Wen ZS, Huang YC, Zhou GB. Tobacco smoke induces production of chemokine CCL20 to promote lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 363:60-70. [PMID: 25864589 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco kills nearly 6 million people each year, and 90% of the annual 1.59 million lung cancer deaths worldwide are caused by cigarette smoke. Clinically, a long latency is required for individuals to develop lung cancer since they were first exposed to smoking. In this study, we aimed to identify clinical relevant inflammatory factors that are critical for carcinogenesis by treating normal human lung epithelial cells with tobacco carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosaminoketone (NNK) for a long period (60 days) and systematic screening in 84 cytokines/chemokines. We found that a chemokine CCL20 was significantly up-regulated by NNK, and in 78/173 (45.1%) patients the expression of CCL20 was higher in tumor samples than their adjacent normal lung tissues. Interestingly, CCL20 was up-regulated in 48/92 (52.2%) smoker and 29/78 (37.2%) nonsmoker patients (p = 0.05), and high CCL20 was associated with poor prognosis. NNK induced the production of CCL20, which promoted lung cancer cell proliferation and migration. In addition, an anti-inflammation drug, dexamethasone, inhibited NNK-induced CCL20 production and suppressed lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that CCL20 is crucial for tobacco smoke-caused lung cancer, and anti-CCL20 could be a rational approach to fight against this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xian-Quan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Zai-Yong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong-Qing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yun-Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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18
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Proudfoot AEI, Bonvin P, Power CA. Targeting chemokines: Pathogens can, why can't we? Cytokine 2015; 74:259-67. [PMID: 25753743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemoattractant cytokines, or chemokines, are the largest sub-family of cytokines. About 50 distinct chemokines have been identified in humans. Their principal role is to stimulate the directional migration of leukocytes, which they achieve through activation of their receptors, following immobilization on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Chemokine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane receptor family, and hence their identification brought great promise to the pharmaceutical industry, since this receptor class is the target for a large percentage of marketed drugs. Unfortunately, the development of potent and efficacious inhibitors of chemokine receptors has not lived up to the early expectations. Several approaches to targeting this system will be described here, which have been instrumental in establishing paradigms in chemokine biology. Whilst drug discovery programs have not yet elucidated how to make successful drugs targeting the chemokine system, it is now known that certain parasites have evolved anti-chemokine strategies in order to remain undetected by their hosts. What can we learn from them?
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E I Proudfoot
- Geneva Research Centre, Merck Serono S.A., 9 chemin des Mines, 1202 Genève and NovImmune S.A., 14 chemin des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Pauline Bonvin
- Geneva Research Centre, Merck Serono S.A., 9 chemin des Mines, 1202 Genève and NovImmune S.A., 14 chemin des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Christine A Power
- Geneva Research Centre, Merck Serono S.A., 9 chemin des Mines, 1202 Genève, Switzerland.
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19
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Ahmadzadeh A, Kast RE, Ketabchi N, Shahrabi S, Shahjahani M, Jaseb K, Saki N. Regulatory effect of chemokines in bone marrow niche. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 361:401-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Klimatcheva E, Pandina T, Reilly C, Torno S, Bussler H, Scrivens M, Jonason A, Mallow C, Doherty M, Paris M, Smith ES, Zauderer M. CXCL13 antibody for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:6. [PMID: 25879435 PMCID: PMC4329654 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeostatic B Cell-Attracting chemokine 1 (BCA-1) otherwise known as CXCL13 is constitutively expressed in secondary lymphoid organs by follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and macrophages. It is the only known ligand for the CXCR5 receptor, which is expressed on mature B cells, follicular helper T cells (Tfh), Th17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Aberrant expression of CXCL13 within ectopic germinal centers has been linked to the development of autoimmune disorders (e.g. Rheumatoid Arthritis, Multiple Sclerosis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosis). We, therefore, hypothesized that antibody-mediated disruption of the CXCL13 signaling pathway would interfere with the formation of ectopic lymphoid follicles in the target organs and inhibit autoimmune disease progression. This work describes pre-clinical development of human anti-CXCL13 antibody MAb 5261 and includes therapeutic efficacy data of its mouse counterpart in murine models of autoimmunity. RESULTS We developed a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, MAb 5261 that specifically binds to human, rodent and primate CXCL13 with an affinity of approximately 5 nM and is capable of neutralizing the activity of CXCL13 from these various species in in vitro functional assays. For in vivo studies we have engineered a chimeric antibody to contain the same human heavy and light chain variable genes along with mouse constant regions. Treatment with this antibody led to a reduction in the number of germinal centers in mice immunized with 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetyl hapten conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (NP-KLH) and, in adoptive transfer studies, interfered with the trafficking of B cells to the B cell areas of mouse spleen. Furthermore, this mouse anti-CXCL13 antibody demonstrated efficacy in a mouse model of Rheumatoid arthritis (Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA)) and Th17-mediated murine model of Multiple Sclerosis (passively-induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE)). CONCLUSIONS We developed a novel therapeutic antibody targeting CXCL13-mediated signaling pathway for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/administration & dosage
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/therapy
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL13/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL13/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells, Follicular/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells, Follicular/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Female
- Genetic Engineering
- Germinal Center/drug effects
- Hemocyanins/chemistry
- Hemocyanins/immunology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis/therapy
- Nitrophenols/chemistry
- Nitrophenols/immunology
- Phenylacetates/chemistry
- Phenylacetates/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR5/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Th17 Cells/drug effects
- Th17 Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Pandina
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | | | - Sebold Torno
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Holm Bussler
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Maria Scrivens
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Alan Jonason
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Crystal Mallow
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Michael Doherty
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Mark Paris
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | - Ernest S Smith
- Vaccinex, Inc, 1895 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
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Tomankova T, Kriegova E, Liu M. Chemokine receptors and their therapeutic opportunities in diseased lung: far beyond leukocyte trafficking. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L603-18. [PMID: 25637606 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00203.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors and their chemokine ligands, key mediators of inflammatory and immune cell trafficking, are involved in the regulation of both physiological and pathological processes in the lung. The discovery that chemokine receptors/chemokines, typically expressed by inflammatory and immune cells, are also expressed in structural lung tissue cells suggests their role in mediating the restoration of lung tissue structure and functions. Thus, chemokine receptors/chemokines contribute not only to inflammatory and immune responses in the lung but also play a critical role in the regulation of lung tissue repair, regeneration, and remodeling. This review aims to summarize current state-of-the-art on chemokine receptors and their ligands in lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma/allergy, pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury, and lung infection. Furthermore, the therapeutic opportunities of chemokine receptors in aforementioned lung diseases are discussed. The review also aims to delineate the potential contribution of chemokine receptors to the processes leading to repair/regeneration of the lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Tomankova
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Immunology, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic; Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Immunology, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Physiology, Surgery, and Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Würth R, Bajetto A, Harrison JK, Barbieri F, Florio T. CXCL12 modulation of CXCR4 and CXCR7 activity in human glioblastoma stem-like cells and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:144. [PMID: 24904289 PMCID: PMC4036438 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are crucial autocrine and paracrine players in tumor development. In particular, CXCL12, through its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7, affects tumor progression by controlling cancer cell survival, proliferation and migration, and, indirectly, via angiogenesis or recruiting immune cells. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor in adults and despite current multimodal therapies it remains almost incurable. The aggressive and recurrent phenotype of GBM is ascribed to high growth rate, invasiveness to normal brain, marked angiogenesis, ability to escape the immune system and resistance to standard of care therapies. Tumor molecular and cellular heterogeneity severely hinders GBM therapeutic improvement. In particular, a subpopulation of chemo- and radio-therapy resistant tumorigenic cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) is believed to be the main responsible for tumor cell dissemination to the brain. GBM cells display heterogeneous expression levels of CXCR4 and CXCR7 that are overexpressed in CSCs, representing a molecular correlate for the invasive potential of GBM. The microenvironment contribution in GBM development is increasingly emphasized. An interplay exists between CSCs, differentiated GBM cells, and the microenvironment, mainly through secreted chemokines (e.g., CXCL12) causing recruitment of fibroblasts, endothelial, mesenchymal and inflammatory cells to the tumor, via specific receptors such as CXCR4. This review covers recent developments on the role of CXCL12/CXCR4-CXCR7 networks in GBM progression and the potential translational impact of their targeting. The biological and molecular understanding of the heterogeneous GBM cell behavior, phenotype and signaling is still limited. Progress in the identification of chemokine-dependent mechanisms that affect GBM cell survival, trafficking and chemo-attractive functions, opens new perspectives for development of more specific therapeutic approaches that include chemokine-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Würth
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University of Genova Genova, Italy ; Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genova Genova, Italy
| | - Adriana Bajetto
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University of Genova Genova, Italy ; Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genova Genova, Italy
| | - Jeffrey K Harrison
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University of Genova Genova, Italy ; Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genova Genova, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University of Genova Genova, Italy ; Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genova Genova, Italy
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GPCR-targeting nanobodies: attractive research tools, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:247-55. [PMID: 24690241 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a major therapeutic target class. A large proportion of marketed drugs exert their effect through modulation of GPCR function, and GPCRs have been successfully targeted with small molecules. Yet, the number of small new molecular entities targeting GPCRs that has been approved as therapeutics in the past decade has been limited. With new and improved immunization-related technologies and advances in GPCR purification and expression techniques, antibody-based targeting of GPCRs has gained attention. The serendipitous discovery of a unique class of heavy chain antibodies (hcAbs) in the sera of camelids may provide novel GPCR-directed therapies. Antigen-binding fragments of hcAbs, also referred to as nanobodies, combine the advantages of both small molecules (e.g., molecular cavity binding, low production costs) and monoclonal antibodies (e.g., high affinity and specificity). Nanobodies are gaining ground as therapeutics and are also starting to find application as diagnostics and as high-quality tools in GPCR research. Herein, we review recent advances in the use of nanobodies in GPCR research.
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Vischer HF, Siderius M, Leurs R, Smit MJ. Herpesvirus-encoded GPCRs: neglected players in inflammatory and proliferative diseases? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:123-39. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Maussang D, Mujić-Delić A, Descamps FJ, Stortelers C, Vanlandschoot P, Stigter-van Walsum M, Vischer HF, van Roy M, Vosjan M, Gonzalez-Pajuelo M, van Dongen GAMS, Merchiers P, van Rompaey P, Smit MJ. Llama-derived single variable domains (nanobodies) directed against chemokine receptor CXCR7 reduce head and neck cancer cell growth in vivo. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29562-72. [PMID: 23979133 PMCID: PMC3795254 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.498436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR7, belonging to the membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, is expressed in several tumor types. Inhibition of CXCR7 with either small molecules or small interference (si)RNA has shown promising therapeutic benefits in several tumor models. With the increased interest and effectiveness of biologicals inhibiting membrane-bound receptors we made use of the "Nanobody platform" to target CXCR7. Previously we showed that Nanobodies, i.e. immunoglobulin single variable domains derived from naturally occurring heavy chain-only camelids antibodies, represent new biological tools to efficiently tackle difficult drug targets such as G protein-coupled receptors. In this study we developed and characterized highly selective and potent Nanobodies against CXCR7. Interestingly, the CXCR7-targeting Nanobodies displayed antagonistic properties in contrast with previously reported CXCR7-targeting agents. Several high affinity CXCR7-specific Nanobodies potently inhibited CXCL12-induced β-arrestin2 recruitment in vitro. A wide variety of tumor biopsies was profiled, showing for the first time high expression of CXCR7 in head and neck cancer. Using a patient-derived CXCR7-expressing head and neck cancer xenograft model in nude mice, tumor growth was inhibited by CXCR7-targeting Nanobody therapy. Mechanistically, CXCR7-targeting Nanobodies did not inhibit cell cycle progression but instead reduced secretion of the angiogenic chemokine CXCL1 from head and neck cancer cells in vitro, thus acting here as inverse agonists, and subsequent angiogenesis in vivo. Hence, with this novel class of CXCR7 inhibitors, we further substantiate the therapeutic relevance of targeting CXCR7 in head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Maussang
- From the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Azra Mujić-Delić
- From the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Marijke Stigter-van Walsum
- the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F. Vischer
- From the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Vosjan
- the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guus A. M. S. van Dongen
- the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martine J. Smit
- From the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Blanchetot C, Verzijl D, Mujić-Delić A, Bosch L, Rem L, Leurs R, Verrips CT, Saunders M, de Haard H, Smit MJ. Neutralizing nanobodies targeting diverse chemokines effectively inhibit chemokine function. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25173-25182. [PMID: 23836909 PMCID: PMC3757181 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.467969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors and their ligands play a prominent role in immune regulation but many have also been implicated in inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, allograft rejection after transplantation, and also in cancer metastasis. Most approaches to therapeutically target the chemokine system involve targeting of chemokine receptors with low molecular weight antagonists. Here we describe the selection and characterization of an unprecedented large and diverse panel of neutralizing Nanobodies (single domain camelid antibodies fragment) directed against several chemokines. We show that the Nanobodies directed against CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL5 (RANTES), CXCL11 (I-TAC), and CXCL12 (SDF-1α) bind the chemokines with high affinity (at nanomolar concentration), thereby blocking receptor binding, inhibiting chemokine-induced receptor activation as well as chemotaxis. Together, we show that neutralizing Nanobodies can be selected efficiently for effective and specific therapeutic treatment against a wide range of immune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Blanchetot
- From the Departments of Cellular Biology and Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Verzijl
- the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and
| | - Azra Mujić-Delić
- the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and
| | - Leontien Bosch
- the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and
| | - Louise Rem
- From the Departments of Cellular Biology and Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and
| | - C Theo Verrips
- From the Departments of Cellular Biology and Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans de Haard
- From the Departments of Cellular Biology and Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands,; Ablynx N.V., Technologiepark 21, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Martine J Smit
- the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and.
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