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Mishchenko O, Yanovska A, Kosinov O, Maksymov D, Moskalenko R, Ramanavicius A, Pogorielov M. Synthetic Calcium-Phosphate Materials for Bone Grafting. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3822. [PMID: 37765676 PMCID: PMC10536599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic bone grafting materials play a significant role in various medical applications involving bone regeneration and repair. Their ability to mimic the properties of natural bone and promote the healing process has contributed to their growing relevance. While calcium-phosphates and their composites with various polymers and biopolymers are widely used in clinical and experimental research, the diverse range of available polymer-based materials poses challenges in selecting the most suitable grafts for successful bone repair. This review aims to address the fundamental issues of bone biology and regeneration while providing a clear perspective on the principles guiding the development of synthetic materials. In this study, we delve into the basic principles underlying the creation of synthetic bone composites and explore the mechanisms of formation for biologically important complexes and structures associated with the various constituent parts of these materials. Additionally, we offer comprehensive information on the application of biologically active substances to enhance the properties and bioactivity of synthetic bone grafting materials. By presenting these insights, our review enables a deeper understanding of the regeneration processes facilitated by the application of synthetic bone composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mishchenko
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Anna Yanovska
- Theoretical and Applied Chemistry Department, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Oleksii Kosinov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Denys Maksymov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Roman Moskalenko
- Department of Pathology, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maksym Pogorielov
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Iela 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Injectable Strontium-Modified Calcium Phosphate Cement for Bone Defect Repair in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010568. [PMID: 36614010 PMCID: PMC9820753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been widely studied, but its lack of osteoinductivity and inadequate mechanical properties limit its application, while strontium is able to promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption. In this study, different proportions of tristrontium silicate were introduced to create a novel strontium-modified calcium phosphate cement (SMPC). The physicochemical properties of SMPC and CPC were compared, and the microstructures of the bone cements were characterized with scanning electron microscopy assays. Then, the effect of SMPC on cell proliferation and differentiation was examined. Furthermore, local inflammatory response and osteogenesis after SMPC implantation were also confirmed in the study. Finally, a rat model of isolated vertebral defects was used to test the biomechanical properties of the cements. The results showed that SMPC has better injectability and a shorter setting time than CPC. Meanwhile, the addition of tristrontium silicate promoted the mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement, and the compressive strength of 5% SMPC increased to 6.00 ± 0.74 MPa. However, this promotion effect gradually diminished with an increase in tristrontium silicate, which was also found in the rat model of isolated vertebral defects. Furthermore, SMPC showed a more preferential role in promoting cell proliferation and differentiation compared to CPC. Neither SMPC nor CPC showed significant inflammatory responses in vivo. Histological staining suggested that SMPCs were significantly better than CPC in promoting new bone regeneration. Importantly, this osteogenesis effect of SMPC was positively correlated with the ratio of tristrontium silicate. In conclusion, 5% SMPC is a promising substitute material for bone repair with excellent physicochemical properties and biological activity.
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Salg GA, Poisel E, Neulinger-Munoz M, Gerhardus J, Cebulla D, Bludszuweit-Philipp C, Vieira V, Nickel F, Herr I, Blaeser A, Giese NA, Hackert T, Kenngott HG. Toward 3D-bioprinting of an endocrine pancreas: A building-block concept for bioartificial insulin-secreting tissue. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221091033. [PMID: 35462988 PMCID: PMC9024162 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting of an endocrine pancreas is a promising future
curative treatment for patients with insulin secretion deficiency. In this
study, we present an end-to-end concept from the molecular to the macroscopic
level. Building-blocks for a hybrid scaffold device of hydrogel and
functionalized polycaprolactone were manufactured by 3D-(bio)printing.
Pseudoislet formation from INS-1 cells after bioprinting resulted in a viable
and proliferative experimental model. Transcriptomics showed an upregulation of
proliferative and ß-cell-specific signaling cascades, downregulation of
apoptotic pathways, overexpression of extracellular matrix proteins, and VEGF
induced by pseudoislet formation and 3D-culture. Co-culture with endothelial
cells created a natural cellular niche with enhanced insulin secretion after
glucose stimulation. Survival and function of pseudoislets after explantation
and extensive scaffold vascularization of both hydrogel and heparinized
polycaprolactone were demonstrated in vivo. Computer
simulations of oxygen, glucose and insulin flows were used to evaluate scaffold
architectures and Langerhans islets at a future perivascular transplantation
site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Salg
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Poisel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Neulinger-Munoz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jamina Gerhardus
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel Cebulla
- ASD Advanced Simulation and Design GmbH, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Felix Nickel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Herr
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nathalia A Giese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes G Kenngott
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Hosseini M, Brown J, Shafiee A. Strategies to Induce Blood Vessel Ingrowth into Skin Grafts and Tissue-Engineered Substitutes. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:113-126. [PMID: 35172639 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is a multilayer organ consisting of several tissues and appendages residing in a complex niche. Adequate and physiologically regulated vascularization is an absolute requirement for skin homeostasis, regeneration, and wound healing. The lack of vascular networks and ischemia results in delayed wound closure. In addition, vascularization is critical for the prolonged function and survival of skin grafts and tissue-engineered skin substitutes. This study highlights the clinical challenges associated with the limited vascularization in the cutaneous wounds. Then, we highlight the novel approaches for the development of vascular networks in the skin autografts, allografts, and artificial substitutes. Also, the future directions to overcome the existing vascularization complications in skin grafting and synthetic skin substitutes are presented. Statement of Significance Delayed closure of large dermal wounds, such as burn injuries, results from the lack of vascular networks and ischemia. The amount of blood supply in the skin graft is the primary factor determining the quality of the transplanted grafts. The current skin grafts and their fabrication methods lack the appropriate features that contribute to the vascularization and integration of the wound bed and graft and adherence to the skin layers. Therefore, the new generation of skin grafts should consider advanced technologies to induce vascularization and overcome current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jason Brown
- Herston Biofabrication Institute and Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Herston Biofabrication Institute and Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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de Melo CCDSB, Cassiano FB, Bronze-Uhle ÉS, Stuani VDT, Bordini EAF, Gallinari MDO, de Souza Costa CA, Soares DG. Mineral-induced bubbling effect and biomineralization as strategies to create highly porous and bioactive scaffolds for dentin tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:1757-1770. [PMID: 35138034 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the biological and mechanical characteristics of chitosan-based scaffolds enriched by mineral phases and biomineralized in simulated body fluid (SBF) as a possible biomaterial for dentin regeneration. Thus, porous chitosan scaffolds were prepared by the mineral-induced bubbling-effect technique and subjected to biomineralization to create biomimetic scaffolds for dentin tissue engineering. Suspensions containing calcium hydroxide, nanohydroxyapatite, or β-tricalcium phosphate were added to the chitosan (CH) solution and subjected to gradual freezing and freeze-drying to obtain CHCa, CHnHA, and CHβTCP porous scaffolds, respectively, by the bubbling effect. Then, scaffolds were incubated in SBF for 5 days at 37°C, under constant stirring, to promote calcium-phosphate (CaP) biomineralization. Scanning electron microscopy revealed increased pore size and porosity degree on mineral-containing scaffolds, with CHCa and CHnHA presenting as round, well-distributed, and with an interconnected pore network. Nevertheless, incubation in SBF disrupted the porous architecture, except for CHCaSBF , leading to the deposition of CaP coverage, confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analyses. All mineral-containing and SBF-treated formulations presented controlled degradation profiles and released calcium throughout 28 days. When human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) were seeded onto scaffold structures, the porous and interconnected architecture of CHCa, CHnHA, and CHCaSBF allowed cells to infiltrate and spread throughout the scaffold structure, whereas in other formulations cells were dispersed or agglomerated. It was possible to determine a positive effect on cell proliferation and odontogenic differentiation for mineral-containing formulations, intensely improved by biomineralization. A significant increase in mineralized matrix deposition (by 8.4 to 18.9 times) was observed for CHCaSBF , CHnHASBF , and CHβTCPSBF in comparison with plain CH. The bioactive effect on odontoblastic marker expression (ALP activity and mineralized matrix) was also observed for HDPCs continuously cultivated with conditioned medium obtained from scaffolds. Therefore, biomineralization of chitosan scaffolds containing different mineral phases was responsible for increasing the capacity for mineralized matrix deposition by pulpal cells, with potential for use in dentin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Correa da Silva Braga de Melo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Balestrero Cassiano
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érika Soares Bronze-Uhle
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor de Toledo Stuani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marjorie de Oliveira Gallinari
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Univ. Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Univ. Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Sao Paulo University-USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Stahl A, Yang YP. Regenerative Approaches for the Treatment of Large Bone Defects. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2021; 27:539-547. [PMID: 33138705 PMCID: PMC8739850 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A variety of engineered materials have gained acceptance in orthopedic practice as substitutes for autologous bone grafts, although the regenerative efficacy of these engineered grafts is still limited compared with that of transplanted native tissues. For bone defects greater than 4-5 cm, however, common bone grafting procedures are insufficient and more complicated surgical interventions are required to repair and regenerate the damaged or missing bone. In this review, we describe current grafting materials and surgical techniques for the reconstruction of large bone defects, followed by tissue engineering (TE) efforts to develop improved therapies. Particular emphasis is placed on graft vascularization, because for both autologous bone and engineered alternatives, achieving adequate vascular development within the regenerating bone tissues remains a significant challenge in the context of large bone defects. To this end, TE and surgical strategies to induce development of a vasculature within bone grafts are discussed. Impact statement This review aims to present an accessible and thorough overview of current orthopedic surgical techniques as well as bone tissue engineering and vascularization strategies that might one day offer improvements to clinical therapies for the repair of large bone defects. We consider the lessons that clinical orthopedic reconstructive practices can contribute to the push toward engineered bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stahl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Dalisson B, Charbonnier B, Aoude A, Gilardino M, Harvey E, Makhoul N, Barralet J. Skeletal regeneration for segmental bone loss: Vascularised grafts, analogues and surrogates. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:37-55. [PMID: 34626818 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Massive segmental bone defects (SBD) are mostly treated by removing the fibula and transplanting it complete with blood supply. While revolutionary 50 years ago, this remains the standard treatment. This review considers different strategies to repair SBD and emerging potential replacements for this highly invasive procedure. Prior to the technical breakthrough of microsurgery, researchers in the 1960s and 1970s had begun to make considerable progress in developing non autologous routes to repairing SBD. While the breaktthrough of vascularised bone transplantation solved the immediate problem of a lack of reliable repair strategies, much of their prior work is still relevant today. We challenge the assumption that mimicry is necessary or likely to be successful and instead point to the utility of quite crude (from a materials technology perspective), approaches. Together there are quite compelling indications that the body can regenerate entire bone segments with few or no exogenous factors. This is important, as there is a limit to how expensive a bone repair can be and still be widely available to all patients since cost restraints within healthcare systems are not likely to diminish in the near future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review is significant because it is a multidisciplinary view of several surgeons and scientists as to what is driving improvement in segmental bone defect repair, why many approaches to date have not succeeded and why some quite basic approaches can be as effective as they are. While there are many reviews of the literature of grafting and bone repair the relative lack of substantial improvement and slow rate of progress in clinical translation is often overlooked and we seek to challenge the reader to consider the issue more broadly.
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Alsahafi RA, Mitwalli HA, Balhaddad AA, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Regenerating Craniofacial Dental Defects With Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds: Current Status and Innovative Scope Review. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.743065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The management and treatment of dental and craniofacial injuries have continued to evolve throughout the last several decades. Limitations with autograft, allograft, and synthetics created the need for more advanced approaches in tissue engineering. Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. This review focuses on the up-to-date performance of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds and upcoming promising dental and craniofacial bone regeneration strategies. First, we summarized the barriers encountered in CPC scaffold development. Second, we compiled the most up to date in vitro and in vivo literature. Then, we conducted a systematic search of scientific articles in MEDLINE and EMBASE to screen the related studies. Lastly, we revealed the current developments to effectively design CPC scaffolds and track the enhanced viability and therapeutic efficacy to overcome the current limitations and upcoming perspectives. Finally, we presented a timely and opportune review article focusing on the significant potential of CPC scaffolds for dental and craniofacial bone regeneration, which will be discussed thoroughly. CPC offers multiple capabilities that may be considered toward the oral defects, expecting a future outlook in nanotechnology design and performance.
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9
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Xu X, Liao L, Tian W. Strategies of Prevascularization in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration of Craniofacial Tissues. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:464-475. [PMID: 34191620 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial tissue defects caused by trauma, developmental malformation, or surgery are critical issues of high incidence, which are harmful to physical and psychological health. Transplantation of engineered tissues or biomaterials is a potential method to repair defects and regenerate the craniofacial tissues. Revascularization is essential to ensure the survival and regeneration of the grafts. Since microvessels play a critical role in blood circulation and substance exchange, the pre-establishment of the microvascular network in transplants provides a technical basis for the successful regeneration of the tissue defect. In this study, we reviewed the recent development of strategies and applications of prevascularization in tissue engineering and regeneration of craniofacial tissues. We focused on the cellular foundation of the in vitro prevascularized microvascular network, the cell source for prevascularization, and the strategies of prevascularization. Several key strategies, including coculture, microspheres, three-dimensional printing and microfluidics, and microscale technology, were summarized and the feasibility of these technologies in the clinical repair of craniofacial defects was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Song B, Fu H, Liu J, Ren K, Weir MD, Schneider A, Wang P, Song Y, Zhao L, Xu H. Bioactive small molecules in calcium phosphate scaffold enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:615-624. [PMID: 33814531 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are exciting for regenerative medicine due to their multi-potent differentiation. SB431542 bioactive molecule can activate bone morphogenetic protein-signalling in osteoblasts. The objectives were to: (1) develop a novel injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC)-SB431542 scaffold for dental/craniofacial bone engineering; and (2) investigate cell proliferation and osteo-differentiation of hiPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) on CPC-SB431542 scaffold. Three groups were tested: CPC control; CPC with SB431542 inside CPC (CPCSM); CPC with SB431542 in osteogenic medium (CPC+SMM). SB431542 in CPC promoted stem cell proliferation and viability. hiPSC-MSCs differentiated into osteogenic lineage and synthesized bone minerals. CPC with SB431542 showed much greater osteo-expressions and more bone minerals than those without SB431542. In conclusion, hiPSC-MSCs on CPC scaffold containing SB431542 showed excellent osteo-differentiation and bone mineral synthesis for the first time. CPC was a suitable scaffold for delivering stem cells and SB431542 to promote bone regeneration in dental/craniofacial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Haijun Fu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Huakun Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine.,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine
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11
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Medvecky L, Giretova M, Stulajterova R, Luptakova L, Sopcak T. Tetracalcium Phosphate/Monetite/Calcium Sulfate Hemihdrate Biocement Powder Mixtures Prepared by the One-Step Synthesis for Preparation of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Biocement-Properties and In Vitro Evaluation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092137. [PMID: 33922310 PMCID: PMC8122770 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A modified one-step process was used to prepare tetracalcium phosphate/monetite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate powder cement mixtures (CAS). The procedure allowed the formation of monetite and calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) in the form of nanoparticles. It was hypothesized that the presence of nanoCSH in small amounts enhances the in vitro bioactivity of CAS cement in relation to osteogenic gene markers in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The CAS powder mixtures with 15 and 5 wt.% CSH were prepared by milling powder tetracalcium phosphate in an ethanolic solution of both orthophosphoric and sulfuric acids. The CAS cements had short setting times (around 5 min). The fast setting of the cement samples after the addition of the liquid component (water solution of NaH2PO4) was due to the partial formation of calcium sulfate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite before soaking in SBF with a small change in the original phase composition in cement powder samples after milling. Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite biocement was produced by soaking of cement samples after setting in simulated body fluid (SBF). The fast release of calcium ions from CAS5 cement, as well as a small rise in the pH of SBF during soaking, were demonstrated. After soaking in SBF for 7 days, the final product of the cement transformation was nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite. The compressive strength of the cement samples (up to 30 MPa) after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) was comparable to that of bone. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed statistically significant higher gene expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteonectin (ON) and osteopontin (OP) in cells cultured for 14 days in CAS5 extract compared to CSH-free cement. The addition of a small amount of nanoCSH (5 wt.%) to the tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP)/monetite cement mixture significantly promoted the over expression of osteogenic markers in MSCs. The prepared CAS powder mixture with its enhanced bioactivity can be used for bone defect treatment and has good potential for bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubomir Medvecky
- Department of Functional and Hybrid Materials, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 04 001 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (R.S.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Giretova
- Department of Functional and Hybrid Materials, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 04 001 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (R.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Radoslava Stulajterova
- Department of Functional and Hybrid Materials, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 04 001 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (R.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Lenka Luptakova
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Tibor Sopcak
- Department of Functional and Hybrid Materials, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 04 001 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (R.S.); (T.S.)
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12
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Lodoso-Torrecilla I, van den Beucken J, Jansen J. Calcium phosphate cements: Optimization toward biodegradability. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:1-12. [PMID: 33065287 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics represent the most widely used biomaterials for bone regenerative treatments due to their biological performance that is characterized by bioactivity and osteoconductive properties. From a clinical perspective, injectable CaP cements (CPCs) are highly appealing, as CPCs can be applied using minimally invasive surgery and can be molded to optimally fill irregular bone defects. Such CPCs are prepared from a powder and a liquid component, which upon mixing form a paste that can be injected into a bone defect and hardens in situ within an appropriate clinical time window. However, a major drawback of CPCs is their poor degradability. Ideally, CPCs should degrade at a suitable pace to allow for concomitant new bone to form. To overcome this shortcoming, control over CPC degradation has been explored using multiple approaches that introduce macroporosity within CPCs. This strategy enables faster degradation of CPC by increasing the surface area available to interact with the biological surroundings, leading to accelerated new bone formation. For a comprehensive overview of the path to degradable CPCs, this review presents the experimental procedures followed for their development with specific emphasis on (bio)material properties and biological performance in pre-clinical bone defect models.
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Soares DG, Bordini EAF, Cassiano FB, Bronze-Uhle ES, Pacheco LE, Zabeo G, Hebling J, Lisboa-Filho PN, Bottino MC, de Souza Costa CA. Characterization of novel calcium hydroxide-mediated highly porous chitosan-calcium scaffolds for potential application in dentin tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2546-2559. [PMID: 32061059 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a highly porous calcium-containing chitosan scaffold suitable for dentin regeneration. A calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2 ) suspension was used to modulate the degree of porosity and chemical composition of chitosan scaffolds. The chitosan solution concentration and freezing protocol were adjusted to optimize the porous architecture using the phase-separation technique. Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy demonstrated the fabrication of a highly porous calcium-linked chitosan scaffold (CH-Ca), with a well-organized and interconnected porous network. Scaffolds were cross-linked on glutaraldehyde (GA) vapor. Following a 28-day incubation in water, cross-linked CH scaffold had no changes on humid mass, and CH-Ca featured a controlled degradability profile since the significant humid mass loss was observed only after 21 (26.0%) and 28 days (42.2%). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the establishment of Schiff base on cross-linked scaffolds, along with calcium complexation for CH-Ca. Cross-linked CH-Ca scaffold featured a sustained Ca2+ release up to 21 days in a humid environment. This porous and stable architecture allowed for human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to spread throughout the scaffold, with cells exhibiting a widely stretched cytoplasm; whereas, the cells seeded onto CH scaffold were organized in clusters. HDPCs seeded onto CH-Ca featured significantly higher ALP activity, and gene expressions for ALP, Col1, DMP-1, and DSPP in comparison to CH, leading to a significant 3.5 times increase in calcium-rich matrix deposition. In sum, our findings suggest that CH-Ca scaffolds are attractive candidates for creating a highly porous and bioactive substrate for dentin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo University - USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Balestrero Cassiano
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika Soares Bronze-Uhle
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo University - USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Edgar Pacheco
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo University - USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Zabeo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo University - USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Cicero Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Amirsadeghi A, Jafari A, Eggermont LJ, Hashemi SS, Bencherif SA, Khorram M. Vascularization strategies for skin tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4073-4094. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00266f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lack of proper vascularization after skin trauma causes delayed wound healing. This has sparked the development of various tissue engineering strategies to improve vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Amirsadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | - Arman Jafari
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn & Wound Healing Research Center
- Shiraz University of Medical Science
- Shiraz 71345-1978
- Iran
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Mohammad Khorram
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
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15
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Zhao Z, Liu J, Weir MD, Zhang N, Zhang L, Xie X, Zhang C, Zhang K, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Human periodontal ligament stem cells on calcium phosphate scaffold delivering platelet lysate to enhance bone regeneration. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41161-41172. [PMID: 35540034 PMCID: PMC9076431 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are promising for tissue engineering applications but have received relatively little attention. Human platelet lysate (HPL) contains a cocktail of growth factors. To date, there has been no report on hPDLSC seeding on scaffolds loaded with HPL. The objectives of this study were to develop a calcium phosphate cement (CPC)-chitosan scaffold loaded with HPL and investigate their effects on hPDLSC viability, osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral synthesis for the first time. hPDLSCs were harvested from extracted human teeth. Scaffolds were formed by mixing CPC powder with a chitosan solution containing HPL. Four groups were tested: CPC-chitosan + 0% HPL (control); CPC-chitosan + 2.66% HPL; CPC-chitosan + 5.31% HPL; CPC-chitosan + 10.63% HPL. Scanning electron microscopy, live/dead staining, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, alkaline phosphatase and bone minerals assay were applied for hPDLSCs on scaffolds. hPDLSCs attached well on CPC-chitosan scaffold. Adding 10.63% HPL into CPC increased cell proliferation and viability (p < 0.05). ALP gene expression of CPC-chitosan + 10.63% HPL was 7-fold that of 0% HPL at 14 days. Runx2, OSX and Coll1 of CPC-chitosan + 10.63% HPL was 2-3 folds those at 0% HPL (p < 0.05). ALP activity of CPC-chitosan + 10.63% HPL was 2-fold that at 0% HPL (p < 0.05). Bone minerals synthesized by hPDLSCs for CPC-chitosan + 10.63% HPL was 3-fold that at 0% HPL (p < 0.05). This study showed that CPC-chitosan scaffold was a promising carrier for HPL delivery, and HPL in CPC exerted excellent promoting effects on hPDLSCs for bone tissue engineering for the first time. The novel hPDLSC-CPC-chitosan-HPL construct has great potential for orthopedic, dental and maxillofacial regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA
- Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Charles Zhang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA
- Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA
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Katarivas Levy G, Ong J, Birch MA, Justin AW, Markaki AE. Albumin-Enriched Fibrin Hydrogel Embedded in Active Ferromagnetic Networks Improves Osteoblast Differentiation and Vascular Self-Organisation. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11111743. [PMID: 31652977 PMCID: PMC6918167 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous coatings on prosthetic implants encourage implant fixation. Enhanced fixation may be achieved using a magneto-active porous coating that can deform elastically in vivo on the application of an external magnetic field, straining in-growing bone. Such a coating, made of 444 ferritic stainless steel fibres, was previously characterised in terms of its mechanical and cellular responses. In this work, co-cultures of human osteoblasts and endothelial cells were seeded into a novel fibrin-based hydrogel embedded in a 444 ferritic stainless steel fibre network. Albumin was successfully incorporated into fibrin hydrogels improving the specific permeability and the diffusion of fluorescently tagged dextrans without affecting their Young’s modulus. The beneficial effect of albumin was demonstrated by the upregulation of osteogenic and angiogenic gene expression. Furthermore, mineralisation, extracellular matrix production, and formation of vessel-like structures were enhanced in albumin-enriched fibrin hydrogels compared to fibrin hydrogels. Collectively, the results indicate that the albumin-enriched fibrin hydrogel is a promising bio-matrix for bone tissue engineering and orthopaedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit Katarivas Levy
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
| | - John Ong
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
| | - Mark A Birch
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
| | - Alexander W Justin
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
| | - Athina E Markaki
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
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Rademakers T, Horvath JM, van Blitterswijk CA, LaPointe VL. Oxygen and nutrient delivery in tissue engineering: Approaches to graft vascularization. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1815-1829. [PMID: 31310055 PMCID: PMC6852121 DOI: 10.1002/term.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is making great strides in developing replacement tissue grafts for clinical use, marked by the rapid development of novel biomaterials, their improved integration with cells, better-directed growth and differentiation of cells, and improved three-dimensional tissue mass culturing. One major obstacle that remains, however, is the lack of graft vascularization, which in turn renders many grafts to fail upon clinical application. With that, graft vascularization has turned into one of the holy grails of tissue engineering, and for the majority of tissues, it will be imperative to achieve adequate vascularization if tissue graft implantation is to succeed. Many different approaches have been developed to induce or augment graft vascularization, both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we highlight the importance of vascularization in tissue engineering and outline various approaches inspired by both biology and engineering to achieve and augment graft vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Rademakers
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Judith M. Horvath
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Clemens A. van Blitterswijk
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Vanessa L.S. LaPointe
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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França CM, Thrivikraman G, Athirasala A, Tahayeri A, Gower LB, Bertassoni LE. The influence of osteopontin-guided collagen intrafibrillar mineralization on pericyte differentiation and vascularization of engineered bone scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:1522-1532. [PMID: 30267638 PMCID: PMC6440878 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetically mineralized collagen scaffolds are promising for bone regeneration, but vascularization of these materials remains to be addressed. Here, we engineered mineralized scaffolds using an osteopontin-guided polymer-induced liquid-precursor mineralization method to recapitulate bone's mineralized nanostructure. SEM images of mineralized samples confirmed the presence of collagen with intrafibrillar mineral, also EDS spectra and FTIR showed high peaks of calcium and phosphate, with a similar mineral/matrix ratio to native bone. Mineralization increased collagen compressive modulus up to 15-fold. To evaluate vasculature formation and pericyte-like differentiation, HUVECs and hMSCs were seeded in a 4:1 ratio in the scaffolds for 7 days. Moreover, we used RT-PCR to investigate the gene expression of pericyte markers ACTA2, desmin, CD13, NG2, and PDGFRβ. Confocal images showed that both nonmineralized and mineralized scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation. However, vessels in the nonmineralized samples had longer vessel length, a larger number of junctions, and a higher presence of αSMA+ mural cells. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the downregulation of pericytic markers in mineralized samples. In conclusion, although both scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation, mineralized scaffolds presented less pericyte-supported vessels. These observations suggest that specific scaffold characteristics may be required for efficient scaffold vascularization in future bone tissue engineering strategies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1522-1532, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane M. França
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Greeshma Thrivikraman
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony Tahayeri
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laurie B. Gower
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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19
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Lin Y, Huang S, Zou R, Gao X, Ruan J, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Qin W, Chang X, Fu H, Xu HHK. Calcium phosphate cement scaffold with stem cell co-culture and prevascularization for dental and craniofacial bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1031-1041. [PMID: 31076156 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) mimic nanostructured bone minerals and are promising for dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications. Vascularization plays a critical role in bone regeneration. This article represents the first review on cutting-edge research on prevascularization of CPC scaffolds to enhance bone regeneration. METHODS This article first presented the prevascularization of CPC scaffolds. Then the co-culture of two cell types in CPC scaffolds was discussed. Subsequently, to further enhance the prevascularization efficacy, tri-culture of three different cell types in CPC scaffolds was presented. RESULTS (1) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) incorporation in CPC bone cement scaffold greatly enhanced cell affinity and bone prevascularization; (2) By introducing endothelial cells into the culture of osteogenic cells (co-culture of two different cell types, or bi-culture) in CPC scaffold, the bone defect area underwent much better angiogenic and osteogenic processes when compared to mono-culture; (3) Tri-culture with an additional cell type of perivascular cells (such as pericytes) resulted in a substantially enhanced prevascularization of CPC scaffolds in vitro and more new bone and blood vessels in vivo, compared to bi-culture. Furthermore, biological cell crosstalk and capillary-like structure formation made critical contributions to the bi-culture system. In addition, the pericytes in the tri-culture system substantially promoted stability and maturation of the primary vascular network. SIGNIFICANCE The novel approach of CPC scaffolds with stem cell bi-culture and tri-culture is of great significance in the regeneration of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic defects in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Xianling Gao
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Haijun Fu
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Sadowska JM, Guillem-Marti J, Ginebra MP. The Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite on the In Vitro Behavior of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Their Interaction with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801138. [PMID: 30516356 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) substrates are successfully used as bone grafts due to their osteogenic properties. However, the influence of the physicochemical features of CaPs in angiogenesis is frequently neglected despite it being a crucial process for bone regeneration. The present work focuses on analyzing the effects of textural parameters of biomimetic calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) and sintered beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), such as specific surface area, surface roughness, and microstructure, on the behavior of rat endothelial progenitor cells (rEPCs) and their crosstalk with rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs). The higher reactivity of CDHA results in low proliferation rates in monocultured and cocultured systems. This effect is especially pronounced for rMSCs alone, and for CDHA with a fine microstructure. In terms of angiogenic and osteogenic gene expressions, the upregulation of particular genes is especially enhanced for needle-like CDHA compared to plate-like CDHA and β-TCP, suggesting the importance not only of the chemistry of the substrate, but also of its textural features. Moreover, the coculture of rEPCs and rMSCs on needle-like CDHA results in early upregulation of osteogenic modulator, i.e., protein deglycase 1 might be a possible cause of overexpression of osteogenic-related genes on the same substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Sadowska
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Guillem-Marti
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10-12 08028 Barcelona Spain
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Meng D, Dong L, Yuan Y, Jiang Q. In vitro and in vivo analysis of the biocompatibility of two novel and injectable calcium phosphate cements. Regen Biomater 2018; 6:13-19. [PMID: 30740238 PMCID: PMC6362821 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rby027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes for many years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two novel injectable, bioactive cements: β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC in vitro and in vivo. This was accomplished by culturing mouse pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on discs and pastes of CPCs. Cell growth, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation were assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and alkaline phosphatase assays as well as by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence. The effect of CPC paste curing was also evaluated. Implantation of two materials into the muscle tissue of rabbits was also studied and evaluated by histological analysis. Cell analysis indicated good biocompatibility in vitro. The fluorescence assay suggested that the cured material discs had no obvious effect on cell growth, while the curing process did. Histological examination showed no inflammatory cell infiltration into soft tissue. These data suggest that β-TCP/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC composites may be promising injectable material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Meng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Energy Science Building, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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22
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De Giglio E, Bonifacio MA, Ferreira AM, Cometa S, Ti ZY, Stanzione A, Dalgarno K, Gentile P. Multi-compartment scaffold fabricated via 3D-printing as in vitro co-culture osteogenic model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15130. [PMID: 30310164 PMCID: PMC6181937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of in vitro 3D models to get insights into the mechanisms of bone regeneration could accelerate the translation of experimental findings to the clinic, reducing costs and duration of experiments. This work explores the design and manufacturing of multi-compartments structures in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 3D-printed by Fused Filament Fabrication technique. The construct was designed with interconnected stalls to host stem cells and endothelial cells. Cells were encapsulated within an optimised gellan gum (GG)-based hydrogel matrix, crosslinked using strontium (Sr2+) ions to exploit its bioactivity and finally, assembled within compartments with different sizes. Calcium (Ca2+)-crosslinked gels were also used as control for comparison of Sr2+ osteogenic effect. The results obtained demonstrated that Sr2+ ions were successfully diffused within the hydrogel matrix and increased the hydrogel matrix strength properties under compressive load. The in vitro co-culture of human-TERT mesenchymal stem cells (TERT- hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), encapsulated within Sr2+ ions containing GG-hydrogels and inter-connected by compartmentalised scaffolds under osteogenic conditions, enhanced cell viability and supported osteogenesis, with a significant increase of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin and osteocalcin respect with the Ca2+-crosslinked GG-PCL scaffolds. These outcomes demonstrate that the design and manufacturing of compartmentalised co-culture of TERT-hMSCs and HUVEC populations enables an effective system to study and promote osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy.
| | - Maria A Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | | | - Zhi Yuan Ti
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Antonella Stanzione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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23
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Wenz A, Tjoeng I, Schneider I, Kluger PJ, Borchers K. Improved vasculogenesis and bone matrix formation through coculture of endothelial cells and stem cells in tissue-specific methacryloyl gelatin-based hydrogels. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:2643-2653. [PMID: 29981277 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The coculture of osteogenic and angiogenic cells and the resulting paracrine signaling via soluble factors are supposed to be crucial for successfully engineering vascularized bone tissue equivalents. In this study, a coculture system combining primary human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) and primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) within two types of hydrogels based on methacryloyl-modified gelatin (GM) as three-dimensional scaffolds was examined for its support of tissue specific cell functions. HDMECs, together with hASCs as supporting cells, were encapsulated in soft GM gels and were indirectly cocultured with hASCs encapsulated in stiffer GM hydrogels additionally containing methacrylate-modified hyaluronic acid and hydroxyapatite particles. After 14 days, the hASC in the stiffer gels (constituting the "bone gels") expressed matrix proteins like collagen type I and fibronectin, as well as bone-specific proteins osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase. After 14 days of coculture with HDMEC-laden hydrogels, the viscoelastic properties of the bone gels were significantly higher compared with the gels in monoculture. Within the soft vascularization gels, the formed capillary-like networks were significantly longer after 14 days of coculture than the structures in the control gels. In addition, the stability as well as the complexity of the vascular networks was significantly increased by coculture. We discussed and concluded that osteogenic and angiogenic signals from the culture media as well as from cocultured cell types, and tissue-specific hydrogel composition all contribute to stimulate the interplay between osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and are a basis for engineering vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Wenz
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Plasmatechnology IGVP, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iva Tjoeng
- Department of Interfacial Engineering and Material Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Isabelle Schneider
- Department of Interfacial Engineering and Material Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Petra J Kluger
- Department of Interfacial Engineering and Material Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Smart Biomaterials, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Borchers
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Plasmatechnology IGVP, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Interfacial Engineering and Material Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany
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24
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Kawecki F, Clafshenkel WP, Fortin M, Auger FA, Fradette J. Biomimetic Tissue-Engineered Bone Substitutes for Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Repair: The Potential of Cell Sheet Technologies. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1700919. [PMID: 29280323 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Maxillofacial defects are complex lesions stemming from various etiologies: accidental, congenital, pathological, or surgical. A bone graft may be required when the normal regenerative capacity of the bone is exceeded or insufficient. Surgeons have many options available for bone grafting including the "gold standard" autologous bone graft. However, this approach is not without drawbacks such as the morbidity associated with harvesting bone from a donor site, pain, infection, or a poor quantity and quality of bone in some patient populations. This review discusses the various bone graft substitutes used for maxillofacial and craniofacial repair: allografts, xenografts, synthetic biomaterials, and tissue-engineered substitutes. A brief overview of bone tissue engineering evolution including the use of mesenchymal stem cells is exposed, highlighting the first clinical applications of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells in craniofacial reconstruction. The importance of prevascularization strategies for bone tissue engineering is also discussed, with an emphasis on recent work describing substitutes produced using cell sheet-based technologies, including the use of thermo-responsive plates and the self-assembly approach of tissue engineering. Indeed, considering their entirely cell-based design, these natural bone-like substitutes have the potential to closely mimic the osteogenicity, osteoconductivity, osteoinduction, and osseointegration properties of autogenous bone for maxillofacial and craniofacial reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Kawecki
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - William P. Clafshenkel
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Michel Fortin
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - François A. Auger
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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25
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Rehman M, Madni A, Webster TJ. The era of biofunctional biomaterials in orthopedics: what does the future hold? Expert Rev Med Devices 2018; 15:193-204. [DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2018.1430569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mubashar Rehman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Thomas J. Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Xu HHK, Wang P, Wang L, Bao C, Chen Q, Weir MD, Chow LC, Zhao L, Zhou X, Reynolds MA. Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties. Bone Res 2017; 5:17056. [PMID: 29354304 PMCID: PMC5764120 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability, bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs, including 3D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and pre-vascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hockin HK Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative
Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore,
MD
21201, USA
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart
Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University
of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD
21250, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
130011, China
| | - Chongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
| | - Laurence C Chow
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental
Association Foundation, National Institute of Standards & Technology,
Gaithersburg, MD
20899, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang
Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong
510515, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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28
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αvβ3 and α5β1 integrin-specific ligands: From tumor angiogenesis inhibitors to vascularization promoters in regenerative medicine? Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:208-227. [PMID: 29155160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are cell adhesion receptors predominantly important during normal and tumor angiogenesis. A sequence present on several extracellular matrix proteins composed of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) has attracted attention due to its role in cell adhesion mediated by integrins. The development of ligands that can bind to integrins involved in tumor angiogenesis and brake disease progression has resulted in new investigational drug entities reaching the clinical trial phase in humans. The use of integrin-specific ligands can be useful for the vascularization of regenerative medicine constructs, which remains a major limitation for translation into clinical practice. In order to enhance vascularization, immobilization of integrin-specific RGD peptidomimetics within constructs is a recommended approach, due to their high specificity and selectivity towards certain desired integrins. This review endeavours to address the potential of peptidomimetic-coated biomaterials as vascular network promoters for regenerative medicine purposes. Clinical studies involving molecules tracking active integrins in cancer angiogenesis and reasons for their failure are also addressed.
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29
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Zhang C, Hu K, Liu X, Reynolds MA, Bao C, Wang P, Zhao L, Xu HH. Novel hiPSC-based tri-culture for pre-vascularization of calcium phosphate scaffold to enhance bone and vessel formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Hertweck J, Ritz U, Götz H, Schottel PC, Rommens PM, Hofmann A. CD34 + cells seeded in collagen scaffolds promote bone formation in a mouse calvarial defect model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1505-1516. [PMID: 28730696 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) holds promise for managing the clinical problem of large bone defects. However, clinical adoption of BTE is limited due to limited vascularization of constructs, which could be circumvented by pre-cultivation of osteogenic and endothelial derived cells in natural-based polymer scaffolds. However, until now not many studies compared the effect of mono- and cocultures pre-seeded in collagen before implantation. We utilized a mouse calvarial defect model and compared five groups of collagen scaffolds: a negative control of a collagen scaffold alone, a positive control treated with BMP-7, monocultures of either human osteoblasts (hOBs) or CD34+ cells, and a coculture of hOB and CD34+ cells. Each pre-seeded collagen scaffold was implanted in mice. After 6 weeks mice were sacrificed and their skulls prepared for volumetric and histologic analysis. We found that a monoculture of CD34+ cells and a coculture of hOB and CD34+ cells pre-cultured in the collagen scaffold increased bone regeneration to a similar extend. In these groups, greater amounts of new bone were found compared with hOB monocultures. Interestingly, monoculture of CD34+ cells demonstrated better fracture healing than monoculture of hOBs, emphasizing the possible role of angiogenesis. Our results are promising regarding a cellular based collagen BTE construct, but more work is needed to understand the complex interaction between the osteogenic and endothelial cells. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1505-1516, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hertweck
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann Götz
- Platform for Biomaterial Research, Biomatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick C Schottel
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Pol Maria Rommens
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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31
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Wu Z, Yang T, Bao C, Li M, Xu HHK, Liao X, Li L, Huang R, Pan J, Liu X. Effect of Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds with Different Fiber Orientations on the Alignment of Microvessel-Like Structures. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chen W, Liu X, Chen Q, Bao C, Zhao L, Zhu Z, Xu HHK. Angiogenic and osteogenic regeneration in rats via calcium phosphate scaffold and endothelial cell co-culture with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), human umbilical cord MSCs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs and human embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:191-203. [PMID: 28098961 DOI: 10.1002/term.2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a limiting factor in regenerating large bone defects. The objective of this study was to investigate angiogenic and osteogenic effects of co-culture on calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different origins for the first time. hUVECs were co-cultured with four types of cell: human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs), human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs) and MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (hESC-MSCs). Constructs were implanted in 8 mm cranial defects of rats for 12 weeks. CPC without cells served as control 1. CPC with hBMSCs served as control 2. Microcapillary-like structures were successfully formed on CPC in vitro in all four co-cultured groups. Microcapillary lengths increased with time (p < 0.05). Osteogenic and angiogenic gene expressions were highly elevated and mineralization by co-cultured cells increased with time (p < 0.05). New bone amount and blood vessel density of co-cultured groups were much greater than controls (p < 0.05) in an animal study. hUVECs co-cultured with hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs and hESC-MSCs achieved new bone and vessel density similar to hUVECs co-cultured with hBMSCs (p > 0.1). Therefore, hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs and hESC-MSCs could serve as alternative cell sources to hBMSCs, which require an invasive procedure to harvest. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that co-cultures of hUVECs with hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hBMSCs delivered via CPC scaffold achieved excellent osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities in vivo. The novel co-culture constructs are promising for bone reconstruction with improved angiogenesis for craniofacial/orthopaedic applications. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qianmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland at Baltimore County, Baltimore County, MD, USA
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33
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Liu X, Chen W, Zhang C, Thein-Han W, Hu K, Reynolds MA, Bao C, Wang P, Zhao L, Xu HHK. Co-Seeding Human Endothelial Cells with Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Calcium Phosphate Scaffold Enhances Osteogenesis and Vascularization in Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:546-555. [PMID: 28287922 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in repairing large bone defects with tissue-engineered constructs is the poor vascularization in the defect. The lack of vascular networks leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrients supply, which compromises the survival of seeded cells. To achieve favorable regenerative effects, prevascularization of tissue-engineered constructs by co-culturing of endothelial cells and bone cells is a promising strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for prevascularization of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold on bone regeneration in vivo for the first time. HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs formed microcapillary-like structures in vitro. HUVECs promoted mineralization of hiPSC-MSCs on CPC scaffolds. Four groups were tested in a cranial bone defect model in nude rats: (1) CPC scaffold alone (CPC control); (2) HUVEC-seeded CPC (CPC-HUVEC); (3) hiPSC-MSC-seeded CPC (CPC-hiPSC-MSC); and (4) HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs on CPC scaffolds (co-culture group). After 12 weeks, the co-culture group achieved the greatest new bone area percentage of 46.38% ± 3.8% among all groups (p < 0.05), which was more than four folds of the 10.61% ± 1.43% of CPC control. In conclusion, HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs substantially promoted bone regeneration. The novel construct of HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs delivered via CPC scaffolds is promising to enhance bone and vascular regeneration in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wenchuan Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chi Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wahwah Thein-Han
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kevin Hu
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chongyun Bao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liang Zhao
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland.,3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland.,4 Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,5 Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,6 Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland , Baltimore County, Maryland
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Song Y, Zhang C, Wang P, Wang L, Bao C, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Ren K, Zhao L, Xu HHK. Engineering bone regeneration with novel cell-laden hydrogel microfiber-injectable calcium phosphate scaffold. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:895-905. [PMID: 28415545 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering is promising to create living functional tissues for bone regeneration. The implanted cells should be evenly distributed in the scaffold, be fast-released to the defect and maintain high viability in order to actively participate in the regenerative process. Herein, we report an injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold containing cell-encapsulating hydrogel microfibers with desirable degradability that could deliver cells in a timely manner and maintain cell viability. Microfibers were synthesized using partially-oxidized alginate with various concentrations (0-0.8%) of fibrinogen to optimize the degradation rate of the alginate-fibrin microfibers (Alg-Fb MF). A fibrin concentration of 0.4% in Alg-Fb MF resulted in the greatest enhancement of cell migration, release and proliferation. Interestingly, a significant amount of cell-cell contact along the long-axis of the microfibers was established in Alg-0.4%Fb MF as early as day 2. The injectable tissue engineered construct for bone reconstruct was fabricated by mixing the fast-degradable Alg-0.4%Fb MF with CPC paste at 1:1 volume ratio. In vitro study showed that cells re-collected from the construct maintained good viability and osteogenic potentials. In vivo study demonstrated that the hBMSC-encapsulated CPC-MF tissue engineered construct displayed a robust capacity for bone regeneration. At 12weeks after implantation, osseous bridge in the rat mandibular defect was observed in CPC-MF-hBMSCs group with a new bone area fraction of (42.1±7.8) % in the defects, which was >3-fold that of the control group. The novel tissue-engineered construct presents an excellent prospect for a wide range of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; VIP Integrated Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, China
| | - Chunyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Hauser S, Jung F, Pietzsch J. Human Endothelial Cell Models in Biomaterial Research. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 35:265-277. [PMID: 27789063 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) models have evolved as important tools in biomaterial research due to ubiquitously occurring interactions between implanted materials and the endothelium. However, screening the available literature has revealed a gap between material scientists and physiologists in terms of their understanding of these biomaterial-endothelium interactions and their relative importance. Consequently, EC models are often applied in nonphysiological experimental setups, or too extensive conclusions are drawn from their results. The question arises whether this might be one reason why, among the many potential biomaterials, only a few have found their way into the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of established EC models and possible selection criteria to enable researchers to determine the most reliable and relevant EC model to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hauser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany; Helmholtz Virtual Institute 'Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine', Teltow, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden, Germany.
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Chen J, Zhang D, Li Q, Yang D, Fan Z, Ma D, Ren L. Effect of different cell sheet ECM microenvironment on the formation of vascular network. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:442-51. [PMID: 27561623 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The repair and reconstruction of large bone defects remains as a significant clinical challenge mainly due to the insufficient vascularization. The prefabrication of vascular network based on cell sheet technique brings a promising potential for sufficient vascularization due to rich extracellular matrix (ECM) of cell sheets. However, the effect of different cell sheet ECM micro-environment on the formation of a vascular network has not been well understood. Here our goal is to study the effect of different cell sheets on the formation of a vascular network. First we cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) under two culture conditions to obtain osteogenic differentiated cell sheet (ODCS) and undifferentiated cell sheet (UDCS), respectively. Then the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded onto the surface of the two sheets at different seeding densities to fabricate pre-vascularized cell sheets. Our results indicated that the two sheets facilitated the alignment of HUVECs and promoted the formation of vascular networks. Quantitative analysis showed that the number of networks in ODCS was higher than that in the UDCS. The ECM of the two sheets was remodeled and rearranged during the tubulogenesis process. Furthermore, results showed that the optimal seeding density of HUVECs was 5×10(4)cell/cm(2). In summary, these results suggest that the vascularized ODCS has a promising potential to construct pre-vascularized tissue for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; Hospital of Stomatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yingchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First people's Hospital of Jiayuguan, Jiayuguan, Gansu, 735100, China
| | - Zengjie Fan
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Dongyang Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou Command of PLA, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Liling Ren
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Osteogenic signaling on silk-based matrices. Biomaterials 2016; 97:133-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Calcium Phosphates and Angiogenesis: Implications and Advances for Bone Regeneration. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:983-992. [PMID: 27481474 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are among the most utilized synthetic biomaterials for bone regeneration, largely owing to their established osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. While angiogenesis is a crucial prerequisite to bone formation, research and applications for CaPs have not appreciated its crucial role. This review discusses how CaPs influence angiogenesis, and highlights promising strategies that address this topic. The objective is to draw attention to the gap in the literature and to highlight the importance of angiogenesis in CaP research, development, and use.
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Wang P, Song Y, Weir MD, Sun J, Zhao L, Simon CG, Xu HHK. A self-setting iPSMSC-alginate-calcium phosphate paste for bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2015; 32:252-63. [PMID: 26743965 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are promising for dental and craniofacial repairs. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop an injectable cell delivery system based on encapsulation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSMSCs) in microbeads; (2) develop a novel tissue engineered construct by dispersing iPSMSC-microbeads in CPC to investigate bone regeneration in an animal model for the first time. METHODS iPSMSCs were pre-osteoinduced for 2 weeks (OS-iPSMSCs), or transduced with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2-iPSMSCs). Cells were encapsulated in fast-degradable alginate microbeads. Microbeads were mixed with CPC paste and filled into cranial defects in nude rats. Four groups were tested: (1) CPC-microbeads without cells (CPC control); (2) CPC-microbeads-iPSMSCs (CPC-iPSMSCs); (3) CPC-microbeads-OS-iPSMSCs (CPC-OS-iPSMSCs); (4) CPC-microbeads-BMP2-iPSMSCs (CPC-BMP2-iPSMSCs). RESULTS Cells maintained good viability inside microbeads after injection. The microbeads were able to release the cells which had more than 10-fold increase in live cell density from 1 to 14 days. The cells exhibited up-regulation of osteogenic markers and deposition of minerals. In vivo, new bone area fraction (mean±SD; n=5) for CPC-iPSMSCs group was (22.5±7.6)%. New bone area fractions were (38.9±18.4)% and (44.7±22.8)% for CPC-OS-iPSMSCs group and CPC-BMP2-iPSMSCs group, respectively, 2-3 times the (15.6±11.2)% in CPC control at 12 weeks (p<0.05). Cell-CPC constructs accelerated scaffold resorption, with CPC-BMP2-iPSMSCs having remaining scaffold material that was 7-fold less than CPC control. SIGNIFICANCE Novel injectable CPC-microbead-cell constructs promoted bone regeneration, with OS-iPSMSCs and BMP2-iPSMSCs having 2-3 fold the new bone of CPC control. Cell delivery accelerated scaffold resorption, with CPC-BMP2-iPSMSC having remaining scaffold material that was 7-fold less than CPC control. Therefore, CPC-microbead-iPSMSC is a promising injectable material for orthopedic, dental and craniofacial bone regenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yang Song
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jinyu Sun
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Carl G Simon
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Laschke MW, Menger MD. Prevascularization in tissue engineering: Current concepts and future directions. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 34:112-21. [PMID: 26674312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The survival of engineered tissue constructs during the initial phase after their implantation depends on the rapid development of an adequate vascularization. This, in turn, is a major prerequisite for the constructs' long-term function. 'Prevascularization' has emerged as a promising concept in tissue engineering, aiming at the generation of a preformed microvasculature in tissue constructs prior to their implantation. This should shorten the time period during which the constructs are avascular and suffer hypoxic conditions. Herein, we provide an overview of current strategies for the generation of preformed microvascular networks within tissue constructs. In vitro approaches use cell seeding, spheroid formation or cell sheet technologies. In situ approaches use the body as a natural bioreactor to induce vascularization by angiogenic ingrowth or flap and arteriovenous (AV)-loop techniques. In future, these strategies may be supplemented by the transplantation of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments or the in vitro generation of highly organized microvascular networks by means of sophisticated microscale technologies and microfluidic systems. The further advancement of these prevascularization concepts and their adaptation to individual therapeutic interventions will markedly contribute to a broad implementation of tissue engineering applications into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Improving vascularization of engineered bone through the generation of pro-angiogenic effects in co-culture systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 94:116-25. [PMID: 25817732 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
One of the major problems with bone tissue engineering is the development of a rapid vascularization after implantation to supply the growing osteoblast cells with the nutrients to grow and survive as well as to remove waste products. It has been demonstrated that capillary-like structures produced in vitro will anastomose rapidly after implantation and become functioning blood vessels. For this reason, in recent years many studies have examined a variety of human osteoblast and endothelial cell co-culture systems in order to distribute osteoblasts on all parts of the bone scaffold and at the same time provide conditions for the endothelial cells to migrate to form a network of capillary-like structures throughout the osteoblast-colonized scaffold. The movement and proliferation of endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures is known as angiogenesis and is dependent on a variety of pro-angiogenic factors. This review summarizes human 2- and 3-D co-culture models to date, the types and origins of cells used in the co-cultures and the proangiogenic factors that have been identified in the co-culture models.
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Wang P, Zhao L, Chen W, Liu X, Weir MD, Xu HHK. Stem Cells and Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. J Dent Res 2014; 93:618-25. [PMID: 24799422 PMCID: PMC4107550 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514534689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity for dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications. This article reviews recent developments in stem cell delivery via CPC for bone regeneration. This includes: (1) biofunctionalization of the CPC scaffold, (2) co-culturing of osteoblasts/endothelial cells and prevascularization of CPC, (3) seeding of CPC with different stem cell species, (4) human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) and bone marrow MSC (hBMSC) seeding on CPC for bone regeneration, and (5) human embryonic stem cell (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) seeding with CPC for bone regeneration. Cells exhibited good attachment/proliferation in CPC scaffolds. Stem-cell-CPC constructs generated more new bone and blood vessels in vivo than did the CPC control without cells. hUCMSCs, hESC-MSCs, and hiPSC-MSCs in CPC generated new bone and blood vessels similar to those of hBMSCs; hence, they were viable cell sources for bone engineering. CPC with hESC-MSCs and hiPSC-MSCs generated new bone two- to three-fold that of the CPC control. Therefore, this article demonstrates that: (1) CPC scaffolds are suitable for delivering cells; (2) hUCMSCs, hESCs, and hiPSCs are promising alternatives to hBMSCs, which require invasive procedures to harvest with limited cell quantity; and (3) stem-cell-CPC constructs are highly promising for bone regeneration in dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - L Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - W Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - X Liu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - M D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - H H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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